mcs/mcs/typespec.cs

   1 //
   2 // typespec.cs: Type specification
   3 //
   4 // Authors: Marek Safar (marek.safar@gmail.com)
   5 //
   6 // Dual licensed under the terms of the MIT X11 or GNU GPL
   7 //
   8 // Copyright 2010 Novell, Inc
   9 // Copyright 2011 Xamarin, Inc (http://www.xamarin.com)
  10 //
  11
  12 using System;
  13 using System.Collections.Generic;
  14 using System.Text;
  15 using System.Linq;
  16
  17 #if STATIC
  18 using MetaType = IKVM.Reflection.Type;
  19 using IKVM.Reflection;
  20 #else
  21 using MetaType = System.Type;
  22 using System.Reflection;
  23 #endif
  24
  25 namespace Mono.CSharp
  26 {
  27         //
  28         // Inflated or non-inflated representation of any type.
  29         //
  30         public class TypeSpec : MemberSpec
  31         {
  32                 protected MetaType info;
  33                 protected MemberCache cache;
  34                 protected IList<TypeSpec> ifaces;
  35                 TypeSpec base_type;
  36
  37                 Dictionary<TypeSpec[], InflatedTypeSpec> inflated_instances;
  38
  39                 public static readonly TypeSpec[] EmptyTypes = new TypeSpec[0];
  40
  41 #if !STATIC
  42                 // Reflection Emit hacking
  43                 static readonly Type TypeBuilder;
  44                 static readonly Type GenericTypeBuilder;
  45
  46                 static TypeSpec ()
  47                 {
  48                         var assembly = typeof (object).Assembly;
  49                         TypeBuilder = assembly.GetType ("System.Reflection.Emit.TypeBuilder");
  50                         GenericTypeBuilder = assembly.GetType ("System.Reflection.MonoGenericClass");
  51                         if (GenericTypeBuilder == null)
  52                                 GenericTypeBuilder = assembly.GetType ("System.Reflection.Emit.TypeBuilderInstantiation");
  53                 }
  54 #endif
  55
  56                 public TypeSpec (MemberKind kind, TypeSpec declaringType, ITypeDefinition definition, MetaType info, Modifiers modifiers)
  57                         : base (kind, declaringType, definition, modifiers)
  58                 {
  59                         this.declaringType = declaringType;
  60                         this.info = info;
  61
  62                         if (definition != null && definition.TypeParametersCount > 0)
  63                                 state |= StateFlags.IsGeneric;
  64                 }
  65
  66                 #region Properties
  67
  68                 public override int Arity {
  69                         get {
  70                                 return MemberDefinition.TypeParametersCount;
  71                         }
  72                 }
  73
  74                 public virtual TypeSpec BaseType {
  75                         get {
  76                                 return base_type;
  77                         }
  78                         set {
  79                                 base_type = value;
  80                         }
  81                 }
  82
  83                 public virtual BuiltinTypeSpec.Type BuiltinType {
  84                         get {
  85                                 return BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.None;
  86                         }
  87                 }
  88
  89                 public bool HasDynamicElement {
  90                         get {
  91                                 return (state & StateFlags.HasDynamicElement) != 0;
  92                         }
  93                 }
  94
  95                 //
  96                 // Returns a list of all interfaces including
  97                 // interfaces from base type or base interfaces
  98                 //
  99                 public virtual IList<TypeSpec> Interfaces {
 100                         get {
 101                                 if ((state & StateFlags.InterfacesImported) == 0) {
 102                                         state |= StateFlags.InterfacesImported;
 103
 104                                         //
 105                                         // Delay interfaces expansion to save memory and once all
 106                                         // base types has been imported to avoid problems where
 107                                         // interface references type before its base was imported
 108                                         //
 109                                         var imported = MemberDefinition as ImportedTypeDefinition;
 110                                         if (imported != null && Kind != MemberKind.MissingType)
 111                                                 imported.DefineInterfaces (this);
 112
 113                                 }
 114
 115                                 return ifaces;
 116                         }
 117                         set {
 118                                 ifaces = value;
 119                         }
 120                 }
 121
 122                 public bool IsArray {
 123                         get {
 124                                 return Kind == MemberKind.ArrayType;
 125                         }
 126                 }
 127
 128                 public bool IsAttribute {
 129                         get {
 130                                 if (!IsClass)
 131                                         return false;
 132
 133                                 var type = this;
 134                                 do {
 135                                         if (type.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Attribute)
 136                                                 return true;
 137
 138                                         if (type.IsGeneric)
 139                                                 return false;
 140
 141                                         type = type.base_type;
 142                                 } while (type != null);
 143
 144                                 return false;
 145                         }
 146                 }
 147
 148                 public bool IsInterface {
 149                         get {
 150                                 return Kind == MemberKind.Interface;
 151                         }
 152                 }
 153
 154                 public bool IsClass {
 155                         get {
 156                                 return Kind == MemberKind.Class;
 157                         }
 158                 }
 159
 160                 public bool IsConstantCompatible {
 161                         get {
 162                                 if ((Kind & (MemberKind.Enum | MemberKind.Class | MemberKind.Interface | MemberKind.Delegate | MemberKind.ArrayType)) != 0)
 163                                         return true;
 164
 165                                 switch (BuiltinType) {
 166                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Int:
 167                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.UInt:
 168                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Long:
 169                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.ULong:
 170                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Float:
 171                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Double:
 172                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Char:
 173                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Short:
 174                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Decimal:
 175                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Bool:
 176                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.SByte:
 177                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Byte:
 178                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.UShort:
 179                                 case BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Dynamic:
 180                                         return true;
 181                                 }
 182
 183                                 return false;
 184                         }
 185                 }
 186
 187                 public bool IsDelegate {
 188                         get {
 189                                 return Kind == MemberKind.Delegate;
 190                         }
 191                 }
 192
 193                 //
 194                 // Returns true for instances of Expression<T>
 195                 //
 196                 public virtual bool IsExpressionTreeType {
 197                         get {
 198                                 return false;
 199                         }
 200                         set {
 201                                 state = value ? state | StateFlags.InflatedExpressionType : state & ~StateFlags.InflatedExpressionType;
 202                         }
 203                 }
 204
 205                 public bool IsEnum {
 206                         get {
 207                                 return Kind == MemberKind.Enum;
 208                         }
 209                 }
 210
 211                 //
 212                 // Returns true for instances of IList<T>, IEnumerable<T>, ICollection<T>
 213                 //
 214                 public virtual bool IsArrayGenericInterface {
 215                         get {
 216                                 return false;
 217                         }
 218                         set {
 219                                 state = value ? state | StateFlags.GenericIterateInterface : state & ~StateFlags.GenericIterateInterface;
 220                         }
 221                 }
 222
 223                 //
 224                 // Returns true for instances of System.Threading.Tasks.Task<T>
 225                 //
 226                 public virtual bool IsGenericTask {
 227                         get {
 228                                 return false;
 229                         }
 230                         set {
 231                                 state = value ? state | StateFlags.GenericTask : state & ~StateFlags.GenericTask;
 232                         }
 233                 }
 234
 235                 // TODO: Should probably do
 236                 // IsGenericType -- recursive
 237                 // HasTypeParameter -- non-recursive
 238                 public bool IsGenericOrParentIsGeneric {
 239                         get {
 240                                 var ts = this;
 241                                 do {
 242                                         if (ts.IsGeneric)
 243                                                 return true;
 244                                         ts = ts.declaringType;
 245                                 } while (ts != null);
 246
 247                                 return false;
 248                         }
 249                 }
 250
 251                 public bool IsGenericParameter {
 252                         get {
 253                                 return Kind == MemberKind.TypeParameter;
 254                         }
 255                 }
 256
 257                 //
 258                 // Returns true for instances of Nullable<T>
 259                 //
 260                 public virtual bool IsNullableType {
 261                         get {
 262                                 return false;
 263                         }
 264                         set {
 265                                 state = value ? state | StateFlags.InflatedNullableType : state & ~StateFlags.InflatedNullableType;
 266                         }
 267                 }
 268
 269                 public bool IsNested {
 270                         get { return declaringType != null && Kind != MemberKind.TypeParameter; }
 271                 }
 272
 273                 public bool IsPointer {
 274                         get {
 275                                 return Kind == MemberKind.PointerType;
 276                         }
 277                 }
 278
 279                 public bool IsSealed {
 280                         get { return (Modifiers & Modifiers.SEALED) != 0; }
 281                 }
 282
 283                 public bool IsSpecialRuntimeType {
 284                         get {
 285                                 return (state & StateFlags.SpecialRuntimeType) != 0;
 286                         }
 287                         set {
 288                                 state = value ? state | StateFlags.SpecialRuntimeType : state & ~StateFlags.SpecialRuntimeType;
 289                         }
 290                 }
 291
 292                 public bool IsStruct {
 293                         get {
 294                                 return Kind == MemberKind.Struct;
 295                         }
 296                 }
 297
 298                 public bool IsStructOrEnum {
 299                         get {
 300                                 return (Kind & (MemberKind.Struct | MemberKind.Enum)) != 0;
 301                         }
 302                 }
 303
 304                 public bool IsTypeBuilder {
 305                         get {
 306 #if STATIC
 307                                 return true;
 308 #else
 309                                 var meta = GetMetaInfo().GetType ();
 310                                 return meta == TypeBuilder || meta == GenericTypeBuilder;
 311 #endif
 312                         }
 313                 }
 314
 315                 //
 316                 // Whether a type is unmanaged. This is used by the unsafe code
 317                 //
 318                 public bool IsUnmanaged {
 319                         get {
 320                                 if (IsPointer)
 321                                         return ((ElementTypeSpec) this).Element.IsUnmanaged;
 322
 323                                 var ds = MemberDefinition as TypeDefinition;
 324                                 if (ds != null)
 325                                         return ds.IsUnmanagedType ();
 326
 327                                 if (Kind == MemberKind.Void)
 328                                         return true;
 329
 330                                 if (Kind == MemberKind.TypeParameter)
 331                                         return false;
 332
 333                                 if (IsNested && DeclaringType.IsGenericOrParentIsGeneric)
 334                                         return false;
 335
 336                                 return IsValueType (this);
 337                         }
 338                 }
 339
 340                 //
 341                 // A cache of all type members (including nested types)
 342                 //
 343                 public MemberCache MemberCache {
 344                         get {
 345                                 if (cache == null || (state & StateFlags.PendingMemberCacheMembers) != 0)
 346                                         InitializeMemberCache (false);
 347
 348                                 return cache;
 349                         }
 350                         set {
 351                                 if (cache != null)
 352                                         throw new InternalErrorException ("Membercache reset");
 353
 354                                 cache = value;
 355                         }
 356                 }
 357
 358                 public MemberCache MemberCacheTypes {
 359                         get {
 360                                 if (cache == null)
 361                                         InitializeMemberCache (true);
 362
 363                                 return cache;
 364                         }
 365                 }
 366
 367                 public new ITypeDefinition MemberDefinition {
 368                         get {
 369                                 return (ITypeDefinition) definition;
 370                         }
 371                 }
 372
 373                 // TODO: Wouldn't be better to rely on cast to InflatedTypeSpec and
 374                 // remove the property, YES IT WOULD !!!
 375                 public virtual TypeSpec[] TypeArguments {
 376                         get { return TypeSpec.EmptyTypes; }
 377                 }
 378
 379                 #endregion
 380
 381                 public virtual bool AddInterface (TypeSpec iface)
 382                 {
 383                         if ((state & StateFlags.InterfacesExpanded) != 0)
 384                                 throw new InternalErrorException ("Modifying expanded interface list");
 385
 386                         if (ifaces == null) {
 387                                 ifaces = new List<TypeSpec> { iface };
 388                                 return true;
 389                         }
 390
 391                         if (!ifaces.Contains (iface)) {
 392                                 ifaces.Add (iface);
 393                                 return true;
 394                         }
 395
 396                         return false;
 397                 }
 398
 399                 //
 400                 // Special version used during type definition
 401                 //
 402                 public bool AddInterfaceDefined (TypeSpec iface)
 403                 {
 404                         if (!AddInterface (iface))
 405                                 return false;
 406
 407                         //
 408                         // We can get into a situation where a type is inflated before
 409                         // its interfaces are resoved. Consider this situation
 410                         //
 411                         // class A<T> : X<A<int>>, IFoo {}
 412                         //
 413                         // When resolving base class of X`1 we inflate context type A`1
 414                         // All this happens before we even hit IFoo resolve. Without
 415                         // additional expansion any inside usage of A<T> would miss IFoo
 416                         // interface because it comes from early inflated A`1 definition.
 417                         //
 418                         if (inflated_instances != null) {
 419                                 //
 420                                 // Inflate only existing instances not any new instances added
 421                                 // during AddInterface
 422                                 //
 423                                 var inflated_existing = inflated_instances.Values.ToArray ();
 424                                 foreach (var inflated in inflated_existing) {
 425                                         inflated.AddInterface (iface);
 426                                 }
 427                         }
 428
 429                         return true;
 430                 }
 431
 432                 //
 433                 // Returns all type arguments, usefull for nested types
 434                 //
 435                 public static TypeSpec[] GetAllTypeArguments (TypeSpec type)
 436                 {
 437                         IList<TypeSpec> targs = TypeSpec.EmptyTypes;
 438
 439                         do {
 440                                 if (type.Arity > 0) {
 441                                         if (targs.Count == 0) {
 442                                                 targs = type.TypeArguments;
 443                                         } else {
 444                                                 var list = targs as List<TypeSpec> ?? new List<TypeSpec> (targs);
 445                                                 list.AddRange (type.TypeArguments);
 446                                                 targs = list;
 447                                         }
 448                                 }
 449
 450                                 type = type.declaringType;
 451                         } while (type != null);
 452
 453                         return targs as TypeSpec[] ?? ((List<TypeSpec>) targs).ToArray ();
 454                 }
 455
 456                 public AttributeUsageAttribute GetAttributeUsage (PredefinedAttribute pa)
 457                 {
 458                         if (Kind != MemberKind.Class)
 459                                 throw new InternalErrorException ();
 460
 461                         if (!pa.IsDefined)
 462                                 return Attribute.DefaultUsageAttribute;
 463
 464                         AttributeUsageAttribute aua = null;
 465                         var type = this;
 466                         while (type != null) {
 467                                 aua = type.MemberDefinition.GetAttributeUsage (pa);
 468                                 if (aua != null)
 469                                         break;
 470
 471                                 type = type.BaseType;
 472                         }
 473
 474                         return aua;
 475                 }
 476
 477                 //
 478                 // Return metadata information used during emit to describe the type
 479                 //
 480                 public virtual MetaType GetMetaInfo ()
 481                 {
 482                         return info;
 483                 }
 484
 485                 public virtual TypeSpec GetDefinition ()
 486                 {
 487                         return this;
 488                 }
 489
 490                 //
 491                 // Text representation of type used by documentation writer
 492                 //
 493                 public override string GetSignatureForDocumentation ()
 494                 {
 495                         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder ();
 496                         if (IsNested) {
 497                                 sb.Append (DeclaringType.GetSignatureForDocumentation ());
 498                         } else {
 499                                 sb.Append (MemberDefinition.Namespace);
 500                         }
 501
 502                         if (sb.Length != 0)
 503                                 sb.Append (".");
 504
 505                         sb.Append (Name);
 506                         if (Arity > 0) {
 507                                 if (this is InflatedTypeSpec) {
 508                                     sb.Append ("{");
 509                                     for (int i = 0; i < Arity; ++i) {
 510                                         if (i > 0)
 511                                             sb.Append (",");
 512
 513                                         sb.Append (TypeArguments[i].GetSignatureForDocumentation ());
 514                                     }
 515                                     sb.Append ("}");
 516                                 } else {
 517                                         sb.Append ("`");
 518                                         sb.Append (Arity.ToString ());
 519                                 }
 520                         }
 521
 522                         return sb.ToString ();
 523                 }
 524
 525                 public string GetExplicitNameSignatureForDocumentation ()
 526                 {
 527                         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder ();
 528                         if (IsNested) {
 529                                 sb.Append (DeclaringType.GetExplicitNameSignatureForDocumentation ());
 530                         } else if (MemberDefinition.Namespace != null) {
 531                                 sb.Append (MemberDefinition.Namespace.Replace ('.', '#'));
 532                         }
 533
 534                         if (sb.Length != 0)
 535                                 sb.Append ("#");
 536
 537                         sb.Append (Name);
 538                         if (Arity > 0) {
 539                                 sb.Append ("{");
 540                                 for (int i = 0; i < Arity; ++i) {
 541                                         if (i > 0)
 542                                                 sb.Append (",");
 543
 544                                         sb.Append (TypeArguments[i].GetExplicitNameSignatureForDocumentation ());
 545                                 }
 546                                 sb.Append ("}");
 547                         }
 548
 549                         return sb.ToString ();
 550                 }
 551
 552                 public override string GetSignatureForError ()
 553                 {
 554                         string s;
 555
 556                         if (IsNested) {
 557                                 s = DeclaringType.GetSignatureForError ();
 558                         } else if (MemberDefinition is AnonymousTypeClass) {
 559                                 return ((AnonymousTypeClass) MemberDefinition).GetSignatureForError ();
 560                         } else {
 561                                 s = MemberDefinition.Namespace;
 562                         }
 563
 564                         if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty (s))
 565                                 s += ".";
 566
 567                         return s + Name + GetTypeNameSignature ();
 568                 }
 569
 570                 public string GetSignatureForErrorIncludingAssemblyName ()
 571                 {
 572                         return string.Format ("{0} [{1}]", GetSignatureForError (), MemberDefinition.DeclaringAssembly.FullName);
 573                 }
 574
 575                 protected virtual string GetTypeNameSignature ()
 576                 {
 577                         if (!IsGeneric)
 578                                 return null;
 579
 580                         return "<" + TypeManager.CSharpName (MemberDefinition.TypeParameters) + ">";
 581                 }
 582
 583                 public bool ImplementsInterface (TypeSpec iface, bool variantly)
 584                 {
 585                         var ifaces = Interfaces;
 586                         if (ifaces != null) {
 587                                 for (int i = 0; i < ifaces.Count; ++i) {
 588                                         if (TypeSpecComparer.IsEqual (ifaces[i], iface))
 589                                                 return true;
 590
 591                                         if (variantly && TypeSpecComparer.Variant.IsEqual (ifaces[i], iface))
 592                                                 return true;
 593                                 }
 594                         }
 595
 596                         return false;
 597                 }
 598
 599                 protected virtual void InitializeMemberCache (bool onlyTypes)
 600                 {
 601                         try {
 602                                 MemberDefinition.LoadMembers (this, onlyTypes, ref cache);
 603                         } catch (Exception e) {
 604                                 throw new InternalErrorException (e, "Unexpected error when loading type `{0}'", GetSignatureForError ());
 605                         }
 606
 607                         if (onlyTypes)
 608                                 state |= StateFlags.PendingMemberCacheMembers;
 609                         else
 610                                 state &= ~StateFlags.PendingMemberCacheMembers;
 611                 }
 612
 613                 //
 614                 // Is @baseClass base implementation of @type. With enabled @dynamicIsEqual the slower
 615                 // comparison is used to hide differences between `object' and `dynamic' for generic
 616                 // types. Should not be used for comparisons where G<object> != G<dynamic>
 617                 //
 618                 public static bool IsBaseClass (TypeSpec type, TypeSpec baseClass, bool dynamicIsObject)
 619                 {
 620                         if (dynamicIsObject && baseClass.IsGeneric) {
 621                                 //
 622                                 // Returns true for a hierarchies like this when passing baseClass of A<dynamic>
 623                                 //
 624                                 // class B : A<object> {}
 625                                 //
 626                                 type = type.BaseType;
 627                                 while (type != null) {
 628                                         if (TypeSpecComparer.IsEqual (type, baseClass))
 629                                                 return true;
 630
 631                                         type = type.BaseType;
 632                                 }
 633
 634                                 return false;
 635                         }
 636
 637                         while (type != null) {
 638                                 type = type.BaseType;
 639                                 if (type == baseClass)
 640                                         return true;
 641                         }
 642
 643                         return false;
 644                 }
 645
 646                 public static bool IsReferenceType (TypeSpec t)
 647                 {
 648                         switch (t.Kind) {
 649                         case MemberKind.TypeParameter:
 650                                 return ((TypeParameterSpec) t).IsReferenceType;
 651                         case MemberKind.Struct:
 652                         case MemberKind.Enum:
 653                         case MemberKind.Void:
 654                         case MemberKind.PointerType:
 655                                 return false;
 656                         case MemberKind.InternalCompilerType:
 657                                 //
 658                                 // Null is considered to be a reference type
 659                                 //
 660                                 return t == InternalType.NullLiteral || t.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Dynamic;
 661                         default:
 662                                 return true;
 663                         }
 664                 }
 665
 666                 public static bool IsNonNullableValueType (TypeSpec t)
 667                 {
 668                         switch (t.Kind) {
 669                         case MemberKind.TypeParameter:
 670                                 return ((TypeParameterSpec) t).IsValueType;
 671                         case MemberKind.Struct:
 672                                 return !t.IsNullableType;
 673                         case MemberKind.Enum:
 674                                 return true;
 675                         default:
 676                                 return false;
 677                         }
 678                 }
 679
 680                 public static bool IsValueType (TypeSpec t)
 681                 {
 682                         switch (t.Kind) {
 683                         case MemberKind.TypeParameter:
 684                                 return ((TypeParameterSpec) t).IsValueType;
 685                         case MemberKind.Struct:
 686                         case MemberKind.Enum:
 687                                 return true;
 688                         default:
 689                                 return false;
 690                         }
 691                 }
 692
 693                 public override MemberSpec InflateMember (TypeParameterInflator inflator)
 694                 {
 695                         var targs = IsGeneric ? MemberDefinition.TypeParameters : TypeSpec.EmptyTypes;
 696
 697                         //
 698                         // When inflating nested type from inside the type instance will be same
 699                         // because type parameters are same for all nested types
 700                         //
 701                         if (DeclaringType == inflator.TypeInstance) {
 702                                 return MakeGenericType (inflator.Context, targs);
 703                         }
 704
 705                         return new InflatedTypeSpec (inflator.Context, this, inflator.TypeInstance, targs);
 706                 }
 707
 708                 //
 709                 // Inflates current type using specific type arguments
 710                 //
 711                 public InflatedTypeSpec MakeGenericType (IModuleContext context, TypeSpec[] targs)
 712                 {
 713                         if (targs.Length == 0 && !IsNested)
 714                                 throw new ArgumentException ("Empty type arguments for type " + GetSignatureForError ());
 715
 716                         InflatedTypeSpec instance;
 717
 718                         if (inflated_instances == null) {
 719                                 inflated_instances = new Dictionary<TypeSpec[], InflatedTypeSpec> (TypeSpecComparer.Default);
 720
 721                                 if (IsNested) {
 722                                         instance = this as InflatedTypeSpec;
 723                                         if (instance != null) {
 724                                                 //
 725                                                 // Nested types could be inflated on already inflated instances
 726                                                 // Caching this type ensured we are using same instance for
 727                                                 // inside/outside inflation using local type parameters
 728                                                 //
 729                                                 inflated_instances.Add (TypeArguments, instance);
 730                                         }
 731                                 }
 732                         }
 733
 734                         if (!inflated_instances.TryGetValue (targs, out instance)) {
 735                                 if (GetDefinition () != this && !IsNested)
 736                                         throw new InternalErrorException ("`{0}' must be type definition or nested non-inflated type to MakeGenericType",
 737                                                 GetSignatureForError ());
 738
 739                                 instance = new InflatedTypeSpec (context, this, declaringType, targs);
 740                                 inflated_instances.Add (targs, instance);
 741                         }
 742
 743                         return instance;
 744                 }
 745
 746                 public virtual TypeSpec Mutate (TypeParameterMutator mutator)
 747                 {
 748                         return this;
 749                 }
 750
 751                 public override List<MissingTypeSpecReference> ResolveMissingDependencies (MemberSpec caller)
 752                 {
 753                         List<MissingTypeSpecReference> missing = null;
 754
 755                         if (Kind == MemberKind.MissingType) {
 756                                 missing = new List<MissingTypeSpecReference> ();
 757                                 missing.Add (new MissingTypeSpecReference (this, caller));
 758                                 return missing;
 759                         }
 760
 761                         foreach (var targ in TypeArguments) {
 762                                 if (targ.Kind == MemberKind.MissingType) {
 763                                         if (missing == null)
 764                                                 missing = new List<MissingTypeSpecReference> ();
 765
 766                                         missing.Add (new MissingTypeSpecReference (targ, caller));
 767                                 }
 768                         }
 769
 770                         if (Interfaces != null) {
 771                                 foreach (var iface in Interfaces) {
 772                                         if (iface.Kind == MemberKind.MissingType) {
 773                                                 if (missing == null)
 774                                                         missing = new List<MissingTypeSpecReference> ();
 775
 776                                                 missing.Add (new MissingTypeSpecReference (iface, caller));
 777                                         }
 778                                 }
 779                         }
 780
 781                         if (MemberDefinition.TypeParametersCount > 0) {
 782                                 foreach (var tp in MemberDefinition.TypeParameters) {
 783                                         var tp_missing = tp.GetMissingDependencies (this);
 784                                         if (tp_missing != null) {
 785                                                 if (missing == null)
 786                                                         missing = new List<MissingTypeSpecReference> ();
 787
 788                                                 missing.AddRange (tp_missing);
 789                                         }
 790                                 }
 791                         }
 792
 793                         if (missing != null || BaseType == null)
 794                                 return missing;
 795
 796                         return BaseType.ResolveMissingDependencies (this);
 797                 }
 798
 799                 public void SetMetaInfo (MetaType info)
 800                 {
 801                         if (this.info != null)
 802                                 throw new InternalErrorException ("MetaInfo reset");
 803
 804                         this.info = info;
 805                 }
 806
 807                 public void SetExtensionMethodContainer ()
 808                 {
 809                         modifiers |= Modifiers.METHOD_EXTENSION;
 810                 }
 811
 812                 public void UpdateInflatedInstancesBaseType ()
 813                 {
 814                         //
 815                         // When nested class has a partial part the situation where parent type
 816                         // is inflated before its base type is defined can occur. In such case
 817                         // all inflated (should be only 1) instansted need to be updated
 818                         //
 819                         // partial class A<T> {
 820                         //   partial class B : A<int> { }
 821                         // }
 822                         //
 823                         // partial class A<T> : X {}
 824                         //
 825                         if (inflated_instances == null)
 826                                 return;
 827
 828                         foreach (var inflated in inflated_instances) {
 829                                 //
 830                                 // Don't need to inflate possible generic type because for now the method
 831                                 // is always used from within the nested type
 832                                 //
 833                                 inflated.Value.BaseType = base_type;
 834                         }
 835                 }
 836         }
 837
 838         //
 839         // Special version used for types which must exist in corlib or
 840         // the compiler cannot work
 841         //
 842         public sealed class BuiltinTypeSpec : TypeSpec
 843         {
 844                 public enum Type
 845                 {
 846                         None = 0,
 847
 848                         // Ordered carefully for fast compares
 849                         FirstPrimitive = 1,
 850                         Bool = 1,
 851                         Byte = 2,
 852                         SByte = 3,
 853                         Char = 4,
 854                         Short = 5,
 855                         UShort = 6,
 856                         Int = 7,
 857                         UInt = 8,
 858                         Long = 9,
 859                         ULong = 10,
 860                         Float = 11,
 861                         Double = 12,
 862                         LastPrimitive = 12,
 863                         Decimal = 13,
 864
 865                         IntPtr = 14,
 866                         UIntPtr = 15,
 867
 868                         Object = 16,
 869                         Dynamic = 17,
 870                         String = 18,
 871                         Type = 19,
 872
 873                         ValueType = 20,
 874                         Enum = 21,
 875                         Delegate = 22,
 876                         MulticastDelegate = 23,
 877                         Array = 24,
 878
 879                         IEnumerator,
 880                         IEnumerable,
 881                         IDisposable,
 882                         Exception,
 883                         Attribute,
 884                         Other,
 885                 }
 886
 887                 readonly Type type;
 888                 readonly string ns;
 889                 readonly string name;
 890
 891                 public BuiltinTypeSpec (MemberKind kind, string ns, string name, Type builtinKind)
 892                         : base (kind, null, null, null, Modifiers.PUBLIC)
 893                 {
 894                         this.type = builtinKind;
 895                         this.ns = ns;
 896                         this.name = name;
 897                 }
 898
 899                 public BuiltinTypeSpec (string name, Type builtinKind)
 900                         : this (MemberKind.InternalCompilerType, "", name, builtinKind)
 901                 {
 902                         // Make all internal types CLS-compliant, non-obsolete, compact
 903                         state = (state & ~(StateFlags.CLSCompliant_Undetected | StateFlags.Obsolete_Undetected | StateFlags.MissingDependency_Undetected)) | StateFlags.CLSCompliant;
 904                 }
 905
 906                 #region Properties
 907
 908                 public override int Arity {
 909                         get {
 910                                 return 0;
 911                         }
 912                 }
 913
 914                 public override BuiltinTypeSpec.Type BuiltinType {
 915                         get {
 916                                 return type;
 917                         }
 918                 }
 919
 920                 public string FullName {
 921                         get {
 922                                 return ns + '.' + name;
 923                         }
 924                 }
 925
 926                 public override string Name {
 927                         get {
 928                                 return name;
 929                         }
 930                 }
 931
 932                 public string Namespace {
 933                         get {
 934                                 return ns;
 935                         }
 936                 }
 937
 938                 #endregion
 939
 940                 public static bool IsPrimitiveType (TypeSpec type)
 941                 {
 942                         return type.BuiltinType >= Type.FirstPrimitive && type.BuiltinType <= Type.LastPrimitive;
 943                 }
 944
 945                 public static bool IsPrimitiveTypeOrDecimal (TypeSpec type)
 946                 {
 947                         return type.BuiltinType >= Type.FirstPrimitive && type.BuiltinType <= Type.Decimal;
 948                 }
 949
 950                 public override string GetSignatureForError ()
 951                 {
 952                         switch (Name) {
 953                         case "Int32": return "int";
 954                         case "Int64": return "long";
 955                         case "String": return "string";
 956                         case "Boolean": return "bool";
 957                         case "Void": return "void";
 958                         case "Object": return "object";
 959                         case "UInt32": return "uint";
 960                         case "Int16": return "short";
 961                         case "UInt16": return "ushort";
 962                         case "UInt64": return "ulong";
 963                         case "Single": return "float";
 964                         case "Double": return "double";
 965                         case "Decimal": return "decimal";
 966                         case "Char": return "char";
 967                         case "Byte": return "byte";
 968                         case "SByte": return "sbyte";
 969                         }
 970
 971                         if (ns.Length == 0)
 972                                 return name;
 973
 974                         return FullName;
 975                 }
 976
 977                 //
 978                 // Returns the size of type if known, otherwise, 0
 979                 //
 980                 public static int GetSize (TypeSpec type)
 981                 {
 982                         switch (type.BuiltinType) {
 983                         case Type.Int:
 984                         case Type.UInt:
 985                         case Type.Float:
 986                                 return 4;
 987                         case Type.Long:
 988                         case Type.ULong:
 989                         case Type.Double:
 990                                 return 8;
 991                         case Type.Byte:
 992                         case Type.SByte:
 993                         case Type.Bool:
 994                                 return 1;
 995                         case Type.Short:
 996                         case Type.Char:
 997                         case Type.UShort:
 998                                 return 2;
 999                         case Type.Decimal:
1000                                 return 16;
1001                         default:
1002                                 return 0;
1003                         }
1004                 }
1005
1006                 public void SetDefinition (ITypeDefinition td, MetaType type, Modifiers mod)
1007                 {
1008                         this.definition = td;
1009                         this.info = type;
1010                         this.modifiers |= (mod & ~Modifiers.AccessibilityMask);
1011                 }
1012
1013                 public void SetDefinition (TypeSpec ts)
1014                 {
1015                         this.definition = ts.MemberDefinition;
1016                         this.info = ts.GetMetaInfo ();
1017                         this.BaseType = ts.BaseType;
1018                         this.Interfaces = ts.Interfaces;
1019                         this.modifiers = ts.Modifiers;
1020                 }
1021         }
1022
1023         //
1024         // Various type comparers used by compiler
1025         //
1026         static class TypeSpecComparer
1027         {
1028                 //
1029                 // Does strict reference comparion only
1030                 //
1031                 public static readonly DefaultImpl Default = new DefaultImpl ();
1032
1033                 public class DefaultImpl : IEqualityComparer<TypeSpec[]>
1034                 {
1035                         #region IEqualityComparer<TypeSpec[]> Members
1036
1037                         bool IEqualityComparer<TypeSpec[]>.Equals (TypeSpec[] x, TypeSpec[] y)
1038                         {
1039                                 if (x == y)
1040                                         return true;
1041
1042                                 if (x.Length != y.Length)
1043                                         return false;
1044
1045                                 for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; ++i)
1046                                         if (x[i] != y[i])
1047                                                 return false;
1048
1049                                 return true;
1050                         }
1051
1052                         int IEqualityComparer<TypeSpec[]>.GetHashCode (TypeSpec[] obj)
1053                         {
1054                                 int hash = 0;
1055                                 for (int i = 0; i < obj.Length; ++i)
1056                                         hash = (hash << 5) - hash + obj[i].GetHashCode ();
1057
1058                                 return hash;
1059                         }
1060
1061                         #endregion
1062                 }
1063
1064                 //
1065                 // When comparing type signature of overrides or overloads
1066                 // this version tolerates different MVARs at same position
1067                 //
1068                 public static class Override
1069                 {
1070                         public static bool IsEqual (TypeSpec a, TypeSpec b)
1071                         {
1072                                 if (a == b)
1073                                         return true;
1074
1075                                 //
1076                                 // Consider the following example:
1077                                 //
1078                                 //     public abstract class A
1079                                 //     {
1080                                 //        public abstract T Foo<T>();
1081                                 //     }
1082                                 //
1083                                 //     public class B : A
1084                                 //     {
1085                                 //        public override U Foo<T>() { return default (U); }
1086                                 //     }
1087                                 //
1088                                 // Here, `T' and `U' are method type parameters from different methods
1089                                 // (A.Foo and B.Foo), so both `==' and Equals() will fail.
1090                                 //
1091                                 // However, since we're determining whether B.Foo() overrides A.Foo(),
1092                                 // we need to do a signature based comparision and consider them equal.
1093                                 //
1094
1095                                 var tp_a = a as TypeParameterSpec;
1096                                 if (tp_a != null) {
1097                                         var tp_b = b as TypeParameterSpec;
1098                                         return tp_b != null && tp_a.IsMethodOwned == tp_b.IsMethodOwned && tp_a.DeclaredPosition == tp_b.DeclaredPosition;
1099                                 }
1100
1101                                 var ac_a = a as ArrayContainer;
1102                                 if (ac_a != null) {
1103                                         var ac_b = b as ArrayContainer;
1104                                         return ac_b != null && ac_a.Rank == ac_b.Rank && IsEqual (ac_a.Element, ac_b.Element);
1105                                 }
1106
1107                                 if (a.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Dynamic || b.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Dynamic)
1108                                         return b.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Object || a.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Object;
1109
1110                                 if (a.MemberDefinition != b.MemberDefinition)
1111                                         return false;
1112
1113                                 do {
1114                                         for (int i = 0; i < a.TypeArguments.Length; ++i) {
1115                                                 if (!IsEqual (a.TypeArguments[i], b.TypeArguments[i]))
1116                                                         return false;
1117                                         }
1118
1119                                         a = a.DeclaringType;
1120                                         b = b.DeclaringType;
1121                                 } while (a != null);
1122
1123                                 return true;
1124                         }
1125
1126                         public static bool IsEqual (TypeSpec[] a, TypeSpec[] b)
1127                         {
1128                                 if (a == b)
1129                                         return true;
1130
1131                                 if (a.Length != b.Length)
1132                                         return false;
1133
1134                                 for (int i = 0; i < a.Length; ++i) {
1135                                         if (!IsEqual (a[i], b[i]))
1136                                                 return false;
1137                                 }
1138
1139                                 return true;
1140                         }
1141
1142
1143                         //
1144                         // Compares unordered arrays
1145                         //
1146                         public static bool IsSame (TypeSpec[] a, TypeSpec[] b)
1147                         {
1148                                 if (a == b)
1149                                         return true;
1150
1151                                 if (a == null || b == null || a.Length != b.Length)
1152                                         return false;
1153
1154                                 for (int ai = 0; ai < a.Length; ++ai) {
1155                                         bool found = false;
1156                                         for (int bi = 0; bi < b.Length; ++bi) {
1157                                                 if (IsEqual (a[ai], b[bi])) {
1158                                                         found = true;
1159                                                         break;
1160                                                 }
1161                                         }
1162
1163                                         if (!found)
1164                                                 return false;
1165                                 }
1166
1167                                 return true;
1168                         }
1169
1170                         public static bool IsEqual (AParametersCollection a, AParametersCollection b)
1171                         {
1172                                 if (a == b)
1173                                         return true;
1174
1175                                 if (a.Count != b.Count)
1176                                         return false;
1177
1178                                 for (int i = 0; i < a.Count; ++i) {
1179                                         if (!IsEqual (a.Types[i], b.Types[i]))
1180                                                 return false;
1181
1182                                         if ((a.FixedParameters[i].ModFlags & Parameter.Modifier.RefOutMask) != (b.FixedParameters[i].ModFlags & Parameter.Modifier.RefOutMask))
1183                                                 return false;
1184                                 }
1185
1186                                 return true;
1187                         }
1188                 }
1189
1190                 //
1191                 // Type variance equality comparison
1192                 //
1193                 public static class Variant
1194                 {
1195                         public static bool IsEqual (TypeSpec type1, TypeSpec type2)
1196                         {
1197                                 if (!type1.IsGeneric || !type2.IsGeneric)
1198                                         return false;
1199
1200                                 var target_type_def = type2.MemberDefinition;
1201                                 if (type1.MemberDefinition != target_type_def)
1202                                         return false;
1203
1204                                 var t1_targs = type1.TypeArguments;
1205                                 var t2_targs = type2.TypeArguments;
1206                                 var targs_definition = target_type_def.TypeParameters;
1207
1208                                 if (!type1.IsInterface && !type1.IsDelegate) {
1209                                         return false;
1210                                 }
1211
1212                                 for (int i = 0; i < targs_definition.Length; ++i) {
1213                                         if (TypeSpecComparer.IsEqual (t1_targs[i], t2_targs[i]))
1214                                                 continue;
1215
1216                                         Variance v = targs_definition[i].Variance;
1217                                         if (v == Variance.None) {
1218                                                 return false;
1219                                         }
1220
1221                                         if (v == Variance.Covariant) {
1222                                                 if (!Convert.ImplicitReferenceConversionExists (t1_targs[i], t2_targs[i]))
1223                                                         return false;
1224                                         } else if (!Convert.ImplicitReferenceConversionExists (t2_targs[i], t1_targs[i])) {
1225                                                 return false;
1226                                         }
1227                                 }
1228
1229                                 return true;
1230                         }
1231                 }
1232
1233                 //
1234                 // Checks whether two generic instances may become equal for some
1235                 // particular instantiation (26.3.1).
1236                 //
1237                 public static class Unify
1238                 {
1239                         //
1240                         // Either @a or @b must be generic type
1241                         //
1242                         public static bool IsEqual (TypeSpec a, TypeSpec b)
1243                         {
1244                                 if (a.MemberDefinition != b.MemberDefinition) {
1245                                         var base_ifaces = a.Interfaces;
1246                                         if (base_ifaces != null) {
1247                                                 foreach (var base_iface in base_ifaces) {
1248                                                         if (base_iface.Arity > 0 && IsEqual (base_iface, b))
1249                                                                 return true;
1250                                                 }
1251                                         }
1252
1253                                         return false;
1254                                 }
1255
1256                                 var ta = a.TypeArguments;
1257                                 var tb = b.TypeArguments;
1258                                 for (int i = 0; i < ta.Length; i++) {
1259                                         if (!MayBecomeEqualGenericTypes (ta[i], tb[i]))
1260                                                 return false;
1261                                 }
1262
1263                                 if (a.IsNested && b.IsNested)
1264                                         return IsEqual (a.DeclaringType, b.DeclaringType);
1265
1266                                 return true;
1267                         }
1268
1269                         static bool ContainsTypeParameter (TypeSpec tparam, TypeSpec type)
1270                         {
1271                                 TypeSpec[] targs = type.TypeArguments;
1272                                 for (int i = 0; i < targs.Length; i++) {
1273                                         if (tparam == targs[i])
1274                                                 return true;
1275
1276                                         if (ContainsTypeParameter (tparam, targs[i]))
1277                                                 return true;
1278                                 }
1279
1280                                 return false;
1281                         }
1282
1283                         /// <summary>
1284                         ///   Check whether `a' and `b' may become equal generic types.
1285                         ///   The algorithm to do that is a little bit complicated.
1286                         /// </summary>
1287                         static bool MayBecomeEqualGenericTypes (TypeSpec a, TypeSpec b)
1288                         {
1289                                 if (a.IsGenericParameter) {
1290                                         //
1291                                         // If a is an array of a's type, they may never
1292                                         // become equal.
1293                                         //
1294                                         if (b.IsArray)
1295                                                 return false;
1296
1297                                         //
1298                                         // If b is a generic parameter or an actual type,
1299                                         // they may become equal:
1300                                         //
1301                                         //    class X<T,U> : I<T>, I<U>
1302                                         //    class X<T> : I<T>, I<float>
1303                                         //
1304                                         if (b.IsGenericParameter)
1305                                                 return a != b && a.DeclaringType == b.DeclaringType;
1306
1307                                         //
1308                                         // We're now comparing a type parameter with a
1309                                         // generic instance.  They may become equal unless
1310                                         // the type parameter appears anywhere in the
1311                                         // generic instance:
1312                                         //
1313                                         //    class X<T,U> : I<T>, I<X<U>>
1314                                         //        -> error because you could instanciate it as
1315                                         //           X<X<int>,int>
1316                                         //
1317                                         //    class X<T> : I<T>, I<X<T>> -> ok
1318                                         //
1319
1320                                         return !ContainsTypeParameter (a, b);
1321                                 }
1322
1323                                 if (b.IsGenericParameter)
1324                                         return MayBecomeEqualGenericTypes (b, a);
1325
1326                                 //
1327                                 // At this point, neither a nor b are a type parameter.
1328                                 //
1329                                 // If one of them is a generic instance, compare them (if the
1330                                 // other one is not a generic instance, they can never
1331                                 // become equal).
1332                                 //
1333                                 if (TypeManager.IsGenericType (a) || TypeManager.IsGenericType (b))
1334                                         return IsEqual (a, b);
1335
1336                                 //
1337                                 // If both of them are arrays.
1338                                 //
1339                                 var a_ac = a as ArrayContainer;
1340                                 if (a_ac != null) {
1341                                         var b_ac = b as ArrayContainer;
1342                                         if (b_ac == null || a_ac.Rank != b_ac.Rank)
1343                                                 return false;
1344
1345                                         return MayBecomeEqualGenericTypes (a_ac.Element, b_ac.Element);
1346                                 }
1347
1348                                 //
1349                                 // Ok, two ordinary types.
1350                                 //
1351                                 return false;
1352                         }
1353                 }
1354
1355                 public static bool Equals (TypeSpec[] x, TypeSpec[] y)
1356                 {
1357                         if (x == y)
1358                                 return true;
1359
1360                         if (x.Length != y.Length)
1361                                 return false;
1362
1363                         for (int i = 0; i < x.Length; ++i)
1364                                 if (!IsEqual (x[i], y[i]))
1365                                         return false;
1366
1367                         return true;
1368                 }
1369
1370                 //
1371                 // Identity type conversion
1372                 //
1373                 // Default reference comparison, it has to be used when comparing
1374                 // two possible dynamic/internal types
1375                 //
1376                 public static bool IsEqual (TypeSpec a, TypeSpec b)
1377                 {
1378                         if (a == b) {
1379                                 // This also rejects dynamic == dynamic
1380                                 return a.Kind != MemberKind.InternalCompilerType || a.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Dynamic;
1381                         }
1382
1383                         if (a == null || b == null)
1384                                 return false;
1385
1386                         if (a.IsArray) {
1387                                 var a_a = (ArrayContainer) a;
1388                                 var b_a = b as ArrayContainer;
1389                                 if (b_a == null)
1390                                         return false;
1391
1392                                 return a_a.Rank == b_a.Rank && IsEqual (a_a.Element, b_a.Element);
1393                         }
1394
1395                         if (!a.IsGeneric || !b.IsGeneric) {
1396                                 //
1397                                 // object and dynamic are considered equivalent there is an identity conversion
1398                                 // between object and dynamic, and between constructed types that are the same
1399                                 // when replacing all occurences of dynamic with object.
1400                                 //
1401                                 if (a.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Dynamic || b.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Dynamic)
1402                                         return b.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Object || a.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Object;
1403
1404                                 return false;
1405                         }
1406
1407                         if (a.MemberDefinition != b.MemberDefinition)
1408                                 return false;
1409
1410                         do {
1411                                 if (!Equals (a.TypeArguments, b.TypeArguments))
1412                                         return false;
1413
1414                                 a = a.DeclaringType;
1415                                 b = b.DeclaringType;
1416                         } while (a != null);
1417
1418                         return true;
1419                 }
1420         }
1421
1422         public interface ITypeDefinition : IMemberDefinition
1423         {
1424                 IAssemblyDefinition DeclaringAssembly { get; }
1425                 string Namespace { get; }
1426                 bool IsPartial { get; }
1427                 bool IsComImport { get; }
1428                 bool IsTypeForwarder { get; }
1429                 bool IsCyclicTypeForwarder { get; }
1430                 int TypeParametersCount { get; }
1431                 TypeParameterSpec[] TypeParameters { get; }
1432
1433                 TypeSpec GetAttributeCoClass ();
1434                 string GetAttributeDefaultMember ();
1435                 AttributeUsageAttribute GetAttributeUsage (PredefinedAttribute pa);
1436                 bool IsInternalAsPublic (IAssemblyDefinition assembly);
1437                 void LoadMembers (TypeSpec declaringType, bool onlyTypes, ref MemberCache cache);
1438         }
1439
1440         class InternalType : TypeSpec, ITypeDefinition
1441         {
1442                 public static readonly InternalType AnonymousMethod = new InternalType ("anonymous method");
1443                 public static readonly InternalType Arglist = new InternalType ("__arglist");
1444                 public static readonly InternalType MethodGroup = new InternalType ("method group");
1445                 public static readonly InternalType NullLiteral = new InternalType ("null");
1446                 public static readonly InternalType FakeInternalType = new InternalType ("<fake$type>");
1447                 public static readonly InternalType Namespace = new InternalType ("<namespace>");
1448                 public static readonly InternalType ErrorType = new InternalType ("<error>");
1449                 public static readonly InternalType VarOutType = new InternalType ("var out");
1450
1451                 readonly string name;
1452
1453                 InternalType (string name)
1454                         : base (MemberKind.InternalCompilerType, null, null, null, Modifiers.PUBLIC)
1455                 {
1456                         this.name = name;
1457                         this.definition = this;
1458                         cache = MemberCache.Empty;
1459
1460                         // Make all internal types CLS-compliant, non-obsolete
1461                         state = (state & ~(StateFlags.CLSCompliant_Undetected | StateFlags.Obsolete_Undetected | StateFlags.MissingDependency_Undetected)) | StateFlags.CLSCompliant;
1462                 }
1463
1464                 #region Properties
1465
1466                 public override int Arity {
1467                         get {
1468                                 return 0;
1469                         }
1470                 }
1471
1472                 IAssemblyDefinition ITypeDefinition.DeclaringAssembly {
1473                         get {
1474                                 throw new NotImplementedException ();
1475                         }
1476                 }
1477
1478                 bool ITypeDefinition.IsComImport {
1479                         get {
1480                                 return false;
1481                         }
1482                 }
1483
1484                 bool IMemberDefinition.IsImported {
1485                         get {
1486                                 return false;
1487                         }
1488                 }
1489
1490                 bool ITypeDefinition.IsPartial {
1491                         get {
1492                                 return false;
1493                         }
1494                 }
1495
1496                 bool ITypeDefinition.IsTypeForwarder {
1497                         get {
1498                                 return false;
1499                         }
1500                 }
1501
1502                 bool ITypeDefinition.IsCyclicTypeForwarder {
1503                         get {
1504                                 return false;
1505                         }
1506                 }
1507
1508                 public override string Name {
1509                         get {
1510                                 return name;
1511                         }
1512                 }
1513
1514                 string ITypeDefinition.Namespace {
1515                         get {
1516                                 return null;
1517                         }
1518                 }
1519
1520                 int ITypeDefinition.TypeParametersCount {
1521                         get {
1522                                 return 0;
1523                         }
1524                 }
1525
1526                 TypeParameterSpec[] ITypeDefinition.TypeParameters {
1527                         get {
1528                                 return null;
1529                         }
1530                 }
1531
1532                 #endregion
1533
1534                 public override string GetSignatureForError ()
1535                 {
1536                         return name;
1537                 }
1538
1539                 #region ITypeDefinition Members
1540
1541                 TypeSpec ITypeDefinition.GetAttributeCoClass ()
1542                 {
1543                         return null;
1544                 }
1545
1546                 string ITypeDefinition.GetAttributeDefaultMember ()
1547                 {
1548                         return null;
1549                 }
1550
1551                 AttributeUsageAttribute ITypeDefinition.GetAttributeUsage (PredefinedAttribute pa)
1552                 {
1553                         return null;
1554                 }
1555
1556                 bool ITypeDefinition.IsInternalAsPublic (IAssemblyDefinition assembly)
1557                 {
1558                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
1559                 }
1560
1561                 void ITypeDefinition.LoadMembers (TypeSpec declaringType, bool onlyTypes, ref MemberCache cache)
1562                 {
1563                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
1564                 }
1565
1566                 string[] IMemberDefinition.ConditionalConditions ()
1567                 {
1568                         return null;
1569                 }
1570
1571                 ObsoleteAttribute IMemberDefinition.GetAttributeObsolete ()
1572                 {
1573                         return null;
1574                 }
1575
1576                 bool? IMemberDefinition.CLSAttributeValue {
1577                         get {
1578                                 return null;
1579                         }
1580                 }
1581
1582                 void IMemberDefinition.SetIsAssigned ()
1583                 {
1584                 }
1585
1586                 void IMemberDefinition.SetIsUsed ()
1587                 {
1588                 }
1589
1590                 #endregion
1591         }
1592
1593         //
1594         // Common base class for composite types
1595         //
1596         public abstract class ElementTypeSpec : TypeSpec, ITypeDefinition
1597         {
1598                 protected ElementTypeSpec (MemberKind kind, TypeSpec element, MetaType info)
1599                         : base (kind, element.DeclaringType, null, info, element.Modifiers)
1600                 {
1601                         this.Element = element;
1602
1603                         state &= ~SharedStateFlags;
1604                         state |= (element.state & SharedStateFlags);
1605
1606                         if (element.BuiltinType == BuiltinTypeSpec.Type.Dynamic)
1607                                 state |= StateFlags.HasDynamicElement;
1608
1609                         // Has to use its own type definition instead of just element definition to
1610                         // correctly identify itself for cases like x.MemberDefininition == predefined.MemberDefinition
1611                         this.definition = this;
1612
1613                         cache = MemberCache.Empty;
1614                 }
1615
1616                 #region Properties
1617
1618                 public TypeSpec Element { get; private set; }
1619
1620                 bool ITypeDefinition.IsComImport {
1621                         get {
1622                                 return false;
1623                         }
1624                 }
1625
1626                 bool ITypeDefinition.IsPartial {
1627                         get {
1628                                 return false;
1629                         }
1630                 }
1631
1632                 bool ITypeDefinition.IsTypeForwarder {
1633                         get {
1634                                 return false;
1635                         }
1636                 }
1637
1638                 bool ITypeDefinition.IsCyclicTypeForwarder {
1639                         get {
1640                                 return false;
1641                         }
1642                 }
1643
1644                 public override string Name {
1645                         get {
1646                                 throw new NotSupportedException ();
1647                         }
1648                 }
1649
1650                 #endregion
1651
1652                 public override ObsoleteAttribute GetAttributeObsolete ()
1653                 {
1654                         return Element.GetAttributeObsolete ();
1655                 }
1656
1657                 protected virtual string GetPostfixSignature ()
1658                 {
1659                         return null;
1660                 }
1661
1662                 public override string GetSignatureForDocumentation ()
1663                 {
1664                         return Element.GetSignatureForDocumentation () + GetPostfixSignature ();
1665                 }
1666
1667                 public override string GetSignatureForError ()
1668                 {
1669                         return Element.GetSignatureForError () + GetPostfixSignature ();
1670                 }
1671
1672                 public override TypeSpec Mutate (TypeParameterMutator mutator)
1673                 {
1674                         var me = Element.Mutate (mutator);
1675                         if (me == Element)
1676                                 return this;
1677
1678                         var mutated = (ElementTypeSpec) MemberwiseClone ();
1679                         mutated.Element = me;
1680                         mutated.info = null;
1681                         return mutated;
1682                 }
1683
1684                 #region ITypeDefinition Members
1685
1686                 IAssemblyDefinition ITypeDefinition.DeclaringAssembly {
1687                         get {
1688                                 return Element.MemberDefinition.DeclaringAssembly;
1689                         }
1690                 }
1691
1692                 bool ITypeDefinition.IsInternalAsPublic (IAssemblyDefinition assembly)
1693                 {
1694                         return Element.MemberDefinition.IsInternalAsPublic (assembly);
1695                 }
1696
1697                 public string Namespace {
1698                         get { throw new NotImplementedException (); }
1699                 }
1700
1701                 public int TypeParametersCount {
1702                         get {
1703                                 return 0;
1704                         }
1705                 }
1706
1707                 public TypeParameterSpec[] TypeParameters {
1708                         get {
1709                                 throw new NotSupportedException ();
1710                         }
1711                 }
1712
1713                 public TypeSpec GetAttributeCoClass ()
1714                 {
1715                         return Element.MemberDefinition.GetAttributeCoClass ();
1716                 }
1717
1718                 public string GetAttributeDefaultMember ()
1719                 {
1720                         return Element.MemberDefinition.GetAttributeDefaultMember ();
1721                 }
1722
1723                 public void LoadMembers (TypeSpec declaringType, bool onlyTypes, ref MemberCache cache)
1724                 {
1725                         Element.MemberDefinition.LoadMembers (declaringType, onlyTypes, ref cache);
1726                 }
1727
1728                 public bool IsImported {
1729                         get {
1730                                 return Element.MemberDefinition.IsImported;
1731                         }
1732                 }
1733
1734                 public string[] ConditionalConditions ()
1735                 {
1736                         return Element.MemberDefinition.ConditionalConditions ();
1737                 }
1738
1739                 bool? IMemberDefinition.CLSAttributeValue {
1740                         get {
1741                                 return Element.MemberDefinition.CLSAttributeValue;
1742                         }
1743                 }
1744
1745                 public void SetIsAssigned ()
1746                 {
1747                         Element.MemberDefinition.SetIsAssigned ();
1748                 }
1749
1750                 public void SetIsUsed ()
1751                 {
1752                         Element.MemberDefinition.SetIsUsed ();
1753                 }
1754
1755                 #endregion
1756         }
1757
1758         public class ArrayContainer : ElementTypeSpec
1759         {
1760                 public struct TypeRankPair : IEquatable<TypeRankPair>
1761                 {
1762                         TypeSpec ts;
1763                         int rank;
1764
1765                         public TypeRankPair (TypeSpec ts, int rank)
1766                         {
1767                                 this.ts = ts;
1768                                 this.rank = rank;
1769                         }
1770
1771                         public override int GetHashCode ()
1772                         {
1773                                 return ts.GetHashCode () ^ rank.GetHashCode ();
1774                         }
1775
1776                         #region IEquatable<Tuple<T1,T2>> Members
1777
1778                         public bool Equals (TypeRankPair other)
1779                         {
1780                                 return other.ts == ts && other.rank == rank;
1781                         }
1782
1783                         #endregion
1784                 }
1785
1786                 readonly int rank;
1787                 readonly ModuleContainer module;
1788
1789                 private ArrayContainer (ModuleContainer module, TypeSpec element, int rank)
1790                         : base (MemberKind.ArrayType, element, null)
1791                 {
1792                         this.module = module;
1793                         this.rank = rank;
1794                 }
1795
1796                 public int Rank {
1797                         get {
1798                                 return rank;
1799                         }
1800                 }
1801
1802                 public MethodInfo GetConstructor ()
1803                 {
1804                         var mb = module.Builder;
1805
1806                         var arg_types = new MetaType[rank];
1807                         for (int i = 0; i < rank; i++)
1808                                 arg_types[i] = module.Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Int.GetMetaInfo ();
1809
1810                         var ctor = mb.GetArrayMethod (
1811                                 GetMetaInfo (), Constructor.ConstructorName,
1812                                 CallingConventions.HasThis,
1813                                 null, arg_types);
1814
1815                         return ctor;
1816                 }
1817
1818                 public MethodInfo GetAddressMethod ()
1819                 {
1820                         var mb = module.Builder;
1821
1822                         var arg_types = new MetaType[rank];
1823                         for (int i = 0; i < rank; i++)
1824                                 arg_types[i] = module.Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Int.GetMetaInfo ();
1825
1826                         var address = mb.GetArrayMethod (
1827                                 GetMetaInfo (), "Address",
1828                                 CallingConventions.HasThis | CallingConventions.Standard,
1829                                 ReferenceContainer.MakeType (module, Element).GetMetaInfo (), arg_types);
1830
1831                         return address;
1832                 }
1833
1834                 public MethodInfo GetGetMethod ()
1835                 {
1836                         var mb = module.Builder;
1837
1838                         var arg_types = new MetaType[rank];
1839                         for (int i = 0; i < rank; i++)
1840                                 arg_types[i] = module.Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Int.GetMetaInfo ();
1841
1842                         var get = mb.GetArrayMethod (
1843                                 GetMetaInfo (), "Get",
1844                                 CallingConventions.HasThis | CallingConventions.Standard,
1845                                 Element.GetMetaInfo (), arg_types);
1846
1847                         return get;
1848                 }
1849
1850                 public MethodInfo GetSetMethod ()
1851                 {
1852                         var mb = module.Builder;
1853
1854                         var arg_types = new MetaType[rank + 1];
1855                         for (int i = 0; i < rank; i++)
1856                                 arg_types[i] = module.Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Int.GetMetaInfo ();
1857
1858                         arg_types[rank] = Element.GetMetaInfo ();
1859
1860                         var set = mb.GetArrayMethod (
1861                                 GetMetaInfo (), "Set",
1862                                 CallingConventions.HasThis | CallingConventions.Standard,
1863                                 module.Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Void.GetMetaInfo (), arg_types);
1864
1865                         return set;
1866                 }
1867
1868                 public override MetaType GetMetaInfo ()
1869                 {
1870                         if (info == null) {
1871                                 if (rank == 1)
1872                                         info = Element.GetMetaInfo ().MakeArrayType ();
1873                                 else
1874                                         info = Element.GetMetaInfo ().MakeArrayType (rank);
1875                         }
1876
1877                         return info;
1878                 }
1879
1880                 protected override string GetPostfixSignature()
1881                 {
1882                         return GetPostfixSignature (rank);
1883                 }
1884
1885                 public static string GetPostfixSignature (int rank)
1886                 {
1887                         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder ();
1888                         sb.Append ("[");
1889                         for (int i = 1; i < rank; i++) {
1890                                 sb.Append (",");
1891                         }
1892                         sb.Append ("]");
1893
1894                         return sb.ToString ();
1895                 }
1896
1897                 public override string GetSignatureForDocumentation ()
1898                 {
1899                         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder ();
1900                         GetElementSignatureForDocumentation (sb);
1901                         return sb.ToString ();
1902                 }
1903
1904                 void GetElementSignatureForDocumentation (StringBuilder sb)
1905                 {
1906                         var ac = Element as ArrayContainer;
1907                         if (ac == null)
1908                                 sb.Append (Element.GetSignatureForDocumentation ());
1909                         else
1910                                 ac.GetElementSignatureForDocumentation (sb);
1911
1912                         sb.Append ("[");
1913                         for (int i = 1; i < rank; i++) {
1914                                 if (i == 1)
1915                                         sb.Append ("0:");
1916
1917                                 sb.Append (",0:");
1918                         }
1919                         sb.Append ("]");
1920                 }
1921
1922                 public static ArrayContainer MakeType (ModuleContainer module, TypeSpec element)
1923                 {
1924                         return MakeType (module, element, 1);
1925                 }
1926
1927                 public static ArrayContainer MakeType (ModuleContainer module, TypeSpec element, int rank)
1928                 {
1929                         ArrayContainer ac;
1930                         var key = new TypeRankPair (element, rank);
1931                         if (!module.ArrayTypesCache.TryGetValue (key, out ac)) {
1932                                 ac = new ArrayContainer (module, element, rank);
1933                                 ac.BaseType = module.Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Array;
1934                                 ac.Interfaces = ac.BaseType.Interfaces;
1935
1936                                 module.ArrayTypesCache.Add (key, ac);
1937                         }
1938
1939                         return ac;
1940                 }
1941
1942                 public override List<MissingTypeSpecReference> ResolveMissingDependencies (MemberSpec caller)
1943                 {
1944                         return Element.ResolveMissingDependencies (caller);
1945                 }
1946         }
1947
1948         class ReferenceContainer : ElementTypeSpec
1949         {
1950                 private ReferenceContainer (TypeSpec element)
1951                         : base (MemberKind.Class, element, null)        // TODO: Kind.Class is most likely wrong
1952                 {
1953                 }
1954
1955                 public override MetaType GetMetaInfo ()
1956                 {
1957                         if (info == null) {
1958                                 info = Element.GetMetaInfo ().MakeByRefType ();
1959                         }
1960
1961                         return info;
1962                 }
1963
1964                 public static ReferenceContainer MakeType (ModuleContainer module, TypeSpec element)
1965                 {
1966                         ReferenceContainer pc;
1967                         if (!module.ReferenceTypesCache.TryGetValue (element, out pc)) {
1968                                 pc = new ReferenceContainer (element);
1969                                 module.ReferenceTypesCache.Add (element, pc);
1970                         }
1971
1972                         return pc;
1973                 }
1974         }
1975
1976         class PointerContainer : ElementTypeSpec
1977         {
1978                 private PointerContainer (TypeSpec element)
1979                         : base (MemberKind.PointerType, element, null)
1980                 {
1981                         // It's never CLS-Compliant
1982                         state &= ~StateFlags.CLSCompliant_Undetected;
1983                 }
1984
1985                 public override MetaType GetMetaInfo ()
1986                 {
1987                         if (info == null) {
1988                                 info = Element.GetMetaInfo ().MakePointerType ();
1989                         }
1990
1991                         return info;
1992                 }
1993
1994                 protected override string GetPostfixSignature()
1995                 {
1996                         return "*";
1997                 }
1998
1999                 public static PointerContainer MakeType (ModuleContainer module, TypeSpec element)
2000                 {
2001                         PointerContainer pc;
2002                         if (!module.PointerTypesCache.TryGetValue (element, out pc)) {
2003                                 pc = new PointerContainer (element);
2004                                 module.PointerTypesCache.Add (element, pc);
2005                         }
2006
2007                         return pc;
2008                 }
2009         }
2010
2011         public class MissingTypeSpecReference
2012         {
2013                 public MissingTypeSpecReference (TypeSpec type, MemberSpec caller)
2014                 {
2015                         Type = type;
2016                         Caller = caller;
2017                 }
2018
2019                 public TypeSpec Type { get; private set; }
2020                 public MemberSpec Caller { get; private set; }
2021         }
2022 }