mcs/class/corlib/System.Runtime.InteropServices/Marshal.cs

   1 // System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.cs
   2 //
   3 // Sean MacIsaac (macisaac@ximian.com)
   4 // Paolo Molaro (lupus@ximian.com)
   5 // Dietmar Maurer (dietmar@ximian.com)
   6 // Jonathan Chambers (joncham@gmail.com)
   7 //
   8 // (C) 2001-2002 Ximian, Inc.
   9
  10 //
  11 // Copyright (C) 2004 Novell, Inc (http://www.novell.com)
  12 //
  13 // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
  14 // a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
  15 // "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
  16 // without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
  17 // distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
  18 // permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
  19 // the following conditions:
  20 //
  21 // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
  22 // included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  23 //
  24 // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
  25 // EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
  26 // MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
  27 // NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
  28 // LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
  29 // OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
  30 // WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
  31 //
  32
  33 using System.Collections;
  34 using System.Collections.Generic;
  35 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
  36 using System;
  37 using System.Security;
  38 using System.Reflection;
  39 using System.Threading;
  40
  41 using System.Runtime.ConstrainedExecution;
  42 #if !FULL_AOT_RUNTIME
  43 using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;
  44 using Mono.Interop;
  45 #endif
  46
  47 namespace System.Runtime.InteropServices
  48 {
  49         public static class Marshal
  50         {
  51                 /* fields */
  52                 public static readonly int SystemMaxDBCSCharSize = 2; // don't know what this is
  53                 public static readonly int SystemDefaultCharSize = Environment.IsRunningOnWindows ? 2 : 1;
  54
  55 #if !MOBILE
  56                 [MethodImplAttribute (MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
  57                 private extern static int AddRefInternal (IntPtr pUnk);
  58 #endif
  59
  60                 public static int AddRef (IntPtr pUnk)
  61                 {
  62 #if !MOBILE
  63                         if (pUnk == IntPtr.Zero)
  64                                 throw new ArgumentException ("Value cannot be null.", "pUnk");
  65                         return AddRefInternal (pUnk);
  66 #else
  67                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
  68 #endif
  69                 }
  70
  71                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
  72                 public extern static IntPtr AllocCoTaskMem (int cb);
  73
  74                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
  75                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.MayFail)]
  76                 public extern static IntPtr AllocHGlobal (IntPtr cb);
  77
  78                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.MayFail)]
  79                 public static IntPtr AllocHGlobal (int cb)
  80                 {
  81                         return AllocHGlobal ((IntPtr)cb);
  82                 }
  83
  84                 [MonoTODO]
  85                 public static object BindToMoniker (string monikerName)
  86                 {
  87                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
  88                 }
  89
  90                 [MonoTODO]
  91                 public static void ChangeWrapperHandleStrength (object otp, bool fIsWeak)
  92                 {
  93                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
  94                 }
  95
  96                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
  97                 internal extern static void copy_to_unmanaged (Array source, int startIndex,
  98                                                                IntPtr destination, int length);
  99
 100                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 101                 internal extern static void copy_from_unmanaged (IntPtr source, int startIndex,
 102                                                                  Array destination, int length);
 103
 104                 public static void Copy (byte[] source, int startIndex, IntPtr destination, int length)
 105                 {
 106                         copy_to_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 107                 }
 108
 109                 public static void Copy (char[] source, int startIndex, IntPtr destination, int length)
 110                 {
 111                         copy_to_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 112                 }
 113
 114                 public static void Copy (short[] source, int startIndex, IntPtr destination, int length)
 115                 {
 116                         copy_to_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 117                 }
 118
 119                 public static void Copy (int[] source, int startIndex, IntPtr destination, int length)
 120                 {
 121                         copy_to_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 122                 }
 123
 124                 public static void Copy (long[] source, int startIndex, IntPtr destination, int length)
 125                 {
 126                         copy_to_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 127                 }
 128
 129                 public static void Copy (float[] source, int startIndex, IntPtr destination, int length)
 130                 {
 131                         copy_to_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 132                 }
 133
 134                 public static void Copy (double[] source, int startIndex, IntPtr destination, int length)
 135                 {
 136                         copy_to_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 137                 }
 138
 139                 public static void Copy (IntPtr[] source, int startIndex, IntPtr destination, int length)
 140                 {
 141                         copy_to_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 142                 }
 143
 144                 public static void Copy (IntPtr source, byte[] destination, int startIndex, int length)
 145                 {
 146                         copy_from_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 147                 }
 148
 149                 public static void Copy (IntPtr source, char[] destination, int startIndex, int length)
 150                 {
 151                         copy_from_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 152                 }
 153
 154                 public static void Copy (IntPtr source, short[] destination, int startIndex, int length)
 155                 {
 156                         copy_from_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 157                 }
 158
 159                 public static void Copy (IntPtr source, int[] destination, int startIndex, int length)
 160                 {
 161                         copy_from_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 162                 }
 163
 164                 public static void Copy (IntPtr source, long[] destination, int startIndex, int length)
 165                 {
 166                         copy_from_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 167                 }
 168
 169                 public static void Copy (IntPtr source, float[] destination, int startIndex, int length)
 170                 {
 171                         copy_from_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 172                 }
 173
 174                 public static void Copy (IntPtr source, double[] destination, int startIndex, int length)
 175                 {
 176                         copy_from_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 177                 }
 178
 179                 public static void Copy (IntPtr source, IntPtr[] destination, int startIndex, int length)
 180                 {
 181                         copy_from_unmanaged (source, startIndex, destination, length);
 182                 }
 183
 184                 public static IntPtr CreateAggregatedObject (IntPtr pOuter,
 185                                                              object o)
 186                 {
 187                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 188                 }
 189
 190                 public static IntPtr CreateAggregatedObject<T> (IntPtr pOuter, T o) {
 191                         return CreateAggregatedObject (pOuter, (object)o);
 192                 }
 193
 194 #if !FULL_AOT_RUNTIME
 195                 public static object CreateWrapperOfType (object o, Type t)
 196                 {
 197                         __ComObject co = o as __ComObject;
 198                         if (co == null)
 199                                 throw new ArgumentException ("o must derive from __ComObject", "o");
 200                         if (t == null)
 201                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("t");
 202
 203                         Type[] itfs = o.GetType ().GetInterfaces ();
 204                         foreach (Type itf in itfs) {
 205                                 if (itf.IsImport && co.GetInterface (itf) == IntPtr.Zero)
 206                                         throw new InvalidCastException ();
 207                         }
 208
 209                         return ComInteropProxy.GetProxy (co.IUnknown, t).GetTransparentProxy ();
 210                 }
 211
 212                 public static TWrapper CreateWrapperOfType<T, TWrapper> (T o) {
 213                         return (TWrapper)CreateWrapperOfType ((object)o, typeof (TWrapper));
 214                 }
 215 #endif
 216
 217                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 218                 [ComVisible (true)]
 219                 public extern static void DestroyStructure (IntPtr ptr, Type structuretype);
 220
 221                 public static void DestroyStructure<T> (IntPtr ptr) {
 222                         DestroyStructure (ptr, typeof (T));
 223                 }
 224
 225                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 226                 public extern static void FreeBSTR (IntPtr ptr);
 227
 228                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 229                 public extern static void FreeCoTaskMem (IntPtr ptr);
 230
 231                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 232                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 233                 public extern static void FreeHGlobal (IntPtr hglobal);
 234
 235                 static void ClearBSTR (IntPtr ptr)
 236                 {
 237                         int len = ReadInt32 (ptr, -4);
 238
 239                         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
 240                                 WriteByte (ptr, i, 0);
 241                 }
 242
 243                 public static void ZeroFreeBSTR (IntPtr s)
 244                 {
 245                         ClearBSTR (s);
 246                         FreeBSTR (s);
 247                 }
 248
 249                 static void ClearAnsi (IntPtr ptr)
 250                 {
 251                         for (int i = 0; ReadByte (ptr, i) != 0; i++)
 252                                 WriteByte (ptr, i, 0);
 253                 }
 254
 255                 static void ClearUnicode (IntPtr ptr)
 256                 {
 257                         for (int i = 0; ReadInt16 (ptr, i) != 0; i += 2)
 258                                 WriteInt16 (ptr, i, 0);
 259                 }
 260
 261                 public static void ZeroFreeCoTaskMemAnsi (IntPtr s)
 262                 {
 263                         ClearAnsi (s);
 264                         FreeCoTaskMem (s);
 265                 }
 266
 267                 public static void ZeroFreeCoTaskMemUnicode (IntPtr s)
 268                 {
 269                         ClearUnicode (s);
 270                         FreeCoTaskMem (s);
 271                 }
 272
 273                 public static void ZeroFreeGlobalAllocAnsi (IntPtr s)
 274                 {
 275                         ClearAnsi (s);
 276                         FreeHGlobal (s);
 277                 }
 278
 279                 public static void ZeroFreeGlobalAllocUnicode (IntPtr s)
 280                 {
 281                         ClearUnicode (s);
 282                         FreeHGlobal (s);
 283                 }
 284
 285 #if !FULL_AOT_RUNTIME
 286                 public static Guid GenerateGuidForType (Type type)
 287                 {
 288                         return type.GUID;
 289                 }
 290
 291                 public static string GenerateProgIdForType (Type type)
 292                 {
 293                         IList<CustomAttributeData> attrs = CustomAttributeData.GetCustomAttributes (type);
 294
 295                         foreach (var a in attrs)
 296                         {
 297                                 var dt = a.Constructor.DeclaringType;
 298                                 string name = dt.Name;
 299                                 if (name == "ProgIdAttribute")
 300                                 {
 301                                         var args = a.ConstructorArguments;
 302                                         string text = a.ConstructorArguments[0].Value as string;
 303                                         if (text == null)
 304                                         {
 305                                                 text = string.Empty;
 306                                         }
 307                                         return text;
 308                                 }
 309                         }
 310
 311                         return type.FullName;
 312                 }
 313
 314                 [MonoTODO]
 315                 public static object GetActiveObject (string progID)
 316                 {
 317                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 318                 }
 319
 320 #if !MOBILE
 321                 [MethodImplAttribute (MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 322                 private extern static IntPtr GetCCW (object o, Type T);
 323
 324                 private static IntPtr GetComInterfaceForObjectInternal (object o, Type T)
 325                 {
 326                         if (IsComObject (o))
 327                                 return ((__ComObject)o).GetInterface (T);
 328                         else
 329                                 return GetCCW (o, T);
 330                 }
 331 #endif
 332
 333                 public static IntPtr GetComInterfaceForObject (object o, Type T)
 334                 {
 335 #if !MOBILE
 336                         IntPtr pItf = GetComInterfaceForObjectInternal (o, T);
 337                         AddRef (pItf);
 338                         return pItf;
 339 #else
 340                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 341 #endif
 342                 }
 343
 344                 public static IntPtr GetComInterfaceForObject<T, TInterface> (T o) {
 345                         return GetComInterfaceForObject ((object)o, typeof (T));
 346                 }
 347
 348                 [MonoTODO]
 349                 public static IntPtr GetComInterfaceForObjectInContext (object o, Type t)
 350                 {
 351                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 352                 }
 353
 354                 [MonoNotSupportedAttribute ("MSDN states user code should never need to call this method.")]
 355                 public static object GetComObjectData (object obj, object key)
 356                 {
 357                         throw new NotSupportedException ("MSDN states user code should never need to call this method.");
 358                 }
 359
 360 #if !MOBILE
 361                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 362                 private extern static int GetComSlotForMethodInfoInternal (MemberInfo m);
 363 #endif
 364
 365                 public static int GetComSlotForMethodInfo (MemberInfo m)
 366                 {
 367 #if !MOBILE
 368                         if (m == null)
 369                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("m");
 370                         if (!(m is MethodInfo))
 371                                 throw new ArgumentException ("The MemberInfo must be an interface method.", "m");
 372                         if (!m.DeclaringType.IsInterface)
 373                                 throw new ArgumentException ("The MemberInfo must be an interface method.", "m");
 374                         return GetComSlotForMethodInfoInternal (m);
 375 #else
 376                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 377 #endif
 378                 }
 379
 380                 [MonoTODO]
 381                 public static int GetEndComSlot (Type t)
 382                 {
 383                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 384                 }
 385
 386                 [MonoTODO]
 387                 public static int GetExceptionCode()
 388                 {
 389                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 390                 }
 391
 392                 [MonoTODO]
 393                 [ComVisible (true)]
 394                 public static IntPtr GetExceptionPointers()
 395                 {
 396                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 397                 }
 398
 399                 public static IntPtr GetHINSTANCE (Module m)
 400                 {
 401                         if (m == null)
 402                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("m");
 403
 404                         return m.GetHINSTANCE ();
 405                 }
 406 #endif // !FULL_AOT_RUNTIME
 407
 408 #if !FULL_AOT_RUNTIME
 409                 public static int GetHRForException (Exception e)
 410                 {
 411 #if FEATURE_COMINTEROP
 412                         var errorInfo = new ManagedErrorInfo(e);
 413                         SetErrorInfo (0, errorInfo);
 414
 415                         return e._HResult;
 416 #else
 417                         return -1;
 418 #endif
 419                 }
 420
 421                 [MonoTODO]
 422                 [ReliabilityContract (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 423                 public static int GetHRForLastWin32Error()
 424                 {
 425                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 426                 }
 427
 428                 [MethodImplAttribute (MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 429                 private extern static IntPtr GetIDispatchForObjectInternal (object o);
 430
 431                 public static IntPtr GetIDispatchForObject (object o)
 432                 {
 433                         IntPtr pUnk = GetIDispatchForObjectInternal (o);
 434                         // Internal method does not AddRef
 435                         AddRef (pUnk);
 436                         return pUnk;
 437                 }
 438
 439                 [MonoTODO]
 440                 public static IntPtr GetIDispatchForObjectInContext (object o)
 441                 {
 442                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 443                 }
 444
 445                 [MonoTODO]
 446                 public static IntPtr GetITypeInfoForType (Type t)
 447                 {
 448                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 449                 }
 450
 451                 [MethodImplAttribute (MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 452                 private extern static IntPtr GetIUnknownForObjectInternal (object o);
 453
 454                 public static IntPtr GetIUnknownForObject (object o)
 455                 {
 456                         IntPtr pUnk = GetIUnknownForObjectInternal (o);
 457                         // Internal method does not AddRef
 458                         AddRef (pUnk);
 459                         return pUnk;
 460                 }
 461
 462                 [MonoTODO]
 463                 public static IntPtr GetIUnknownForObjectInContext (object o)
 464                 {
 465                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 466                 }
 467
 468                 [MonoTODO]
 469                 [Obsolete ("This method has been deprecated")]
 470                 public static IntPtr GetManagedThunkForUnmanagedMethodPtr (IntPtr pfnMethodToWrap, IntPtr pbSignature, int cbSignature)
 471                 {
 472                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 473                 }
 474
 475                 [MonoTODO]
 476                 public static MemberInfo GetMethodInfoForComSlot (Type t, int slot, ref ComMemberType memberType)
 477                 {
 478                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 479                 }
 480
 481                 public static void GetNativeVariantForObject (object obj, IntPtr pDstNativeVariant)
 482                 {
 483                         Variant vt = new Variant();
 484                         vt.SetValue(obj);
 485                         Marshal.StructureToPtr(vt, pDstNativeVariant, false);
 486                 }
 487
 488                 public static void GetNativeVariantForObject<T> (T obj, IntPtr pDstNativeVariant) {
 489                         GetNativeVariantForObject ((object)obj, pDstNativeVariant);
 490                 }
 491
 492 #if !MOBILE
 493                 [MethodImplAttribute (MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 494                 private static extern object GetObjectForCCW (IntPtr pUnk);
 495 #endif
 496
 497                 public static object GetObjectForIUnknown (IntPtr pUnk)
 498                 {
 499 #if !MOBILE
 500                         object obj = GetObjectForCCW (pUnk);
 501                         // was not a CCW
 502                         if (obj == null) {
 503                                 ComInteropProxy proxy = ComInteropProxy.GetProxy (pUnk, typeof (__ComObject));
 504                                 obj = proxy.GetTransparentProxy ();
 505                         }
 506                         return obj;
 507 #else
 508                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 509 #endif
 510                 }
 511
 512                 public static object GetObjectForNativeVariant (IntPtr pSrcNativeVariant)
 513                 {
 514                         Variant vt = (Variant)Marshal.PtrToStructure(pSrcNativeVariant, typeof(Variant));
 515                         return vt.GetValue();
 516                 }
 517
 518                 public static T GetObjectForNativeVariant<T> (IntPtr pSrcNativeVariant) {
 519                         Variant vt = (Variant)Marshal.PtrToStructure(pSrcNativeVariant, typeof(Variant));
 520                         return (T)vt.GetValue();
 521                 }
 522
 523                 public static object[] GetObjectsForNativeVariants (IntPtr aSrcNativeVariant, int cVars)
 524                 {
 525                         if (cVars < 0)
 526                                 throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException ("cVars", "cVars cannot be a negative number.");
 527                         object[] objects = new object[cVars];
 528                         for (int i = 0; i < cVars; i++)
 529                                 objects[i] = GetObjectForNativeVariant ((IntPtr)(aSrcNativeVariant.ToInt64 () +
 530                                         i * SizeOf (typeof(Variant))));
 531                         return objects;
 532                 }
 533
 534                 public static T[] GetObjectsForNativeVariants<T> (IntPtr aSrcNativeVariant, int cVars) {
 535                         if (cVars < 0)
 536                                 throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException ("cVars", "cVars cannot be a negative number.");
 537                         T[] objects = new T[cVars];
 538                         for (int i = 0; i < cVars; i++)
 539                                 objects[i] = GetObjectForNativeVariant<T> ((IntPtr)(aSrcNativeVariant.ToInt64 () +
 540                                         i * SizeOf (typeof(Variant))));
 541                         return objects;
 542                 }
 543
 544                 [MonoTODO]
 545                 public static int GetStartComSlot (Type t)
 546                 {
 547                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 548                 }
 549
 550                 [MonoTODO]
 551                 [Obsolete ("This method has been deprecated")]
 552                 public static Thread GetThreadFromFiberCookie (int cookie)
 553                 {
 554                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 555                 }
 556
 557                 public static object GetTypedObjectForIUnknown (IntPtr pUnk, Type t)
 558                 {
 559                         ComInteropProxy proxy = new ComInteropProxy (pUnk, t);
 560                         __ComObject co = (__ComObject)proxy.GetTransparentProxy ();
 561                         foreach (Type itf in t.GetInterfaces ()) {
 562                                 if ((itf.Attributes & TypeAttributes.Import) == TypeAttributes.Import) {
 563                                         if (co.GetInterface (itf) == IntPtr.Zero)
 564                                                 return null;
 565                                 }
 566                         }
 567                         return co;
 568                 }
 569
 570                 [MonoTODO]
 571                 public static Type GetTypeForITypeInfo (IntPtr piTypeInfo)
 572                 {
 573                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 574                 }
 575
 576                 public static Type GetTypeFromCLSID (Guid clsid)
 577                 {
 578                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 579                 }
 580
 581 #if !FULL_AOT_RUNTIME
 582                 [Obsolete]
 583                 [MonoTODO]
 584                 public static string GetTypeInfoName (UCOMITypeInfo pTI)
 585                 {
 586                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 587                 }
 588
 589                 public static string GetTypeInfoName (ITypeInfo typeInfo)
 590                 {
 591                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 592                 }
 593
 594                 [Obsolete]
 595                 [MonoTODO]
 596                 public static Guid GetTypeLibGuid (UCOMITypeLib pTLB)
 597                 {
 598                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 599                 }
 600
 601                 [MonoTODO]
 602                 public static Guid GetTypeLibGuid (ITypeLib typelib)
 603                 {
 604                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 605                 }
 606
 607                 [MonoTODO]
 608                 public static Guid GetTypeLibGuidForAssembly (Assembly asm)
 609                 {
 610                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 611                 }
 612
 613                 [Obsolete]
 614                 [MonoTODO]
 615                 public static int GetTypeLibLcid (UCOMITypeLib pTLB)
 616                 {
 617                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 618                 }
 619
 620                 [MonoTODO]
 621                 public static int GetTypeLibLcid (ITypeLib typelib)
 622                 {
 623                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 624                 }
 625
 626                 [Obsolete]
 627                 [MonoTODO]
 628                 public static string GetTypeLibName (UCOMITypeLib pTLB)
 629                 {
 630                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 631                 }
 632
 633                 [MonoTODO]
 634                 public static string GetTypeLibName (ITypeLib typelib)
 635                 {
 636                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 637                 }
 638
 639                 [MonoTODO]
 640                 public static void GetTypeLibVersionForAssembly (Assembly inputAssembly, out int majorVersion, out int minorVersion)
 641                 {
 642                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 643                 }
 644
 645                 public static object GetUniqueObjectForIUnknown (IntPtr unknown)
 646                 {
 647                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 648                 }
 649 #endif
 650
 651                 [MonoTODO]
 652                 [Obsolete ("This method has been deprecated")]
 653                 public static IntPtr GetUnmanagedThunkForManagedMethodPtr (IntPtr pfnMethodToWrap, IntPtr pbSignature, int cbSignature)
 654                 {
 655                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 656                 }
 657
 658 #if !MOBILE
 659                 [MethodImplAttribute (MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 660                 public extern static bool IsComObject (object o);
 661 #else
 662                 public static bool IsComObject (object o)
 663                 {
 664                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 665                 }
 666 #endif
 667
 668                 [MonoTODO]
 669                 public static bool IsTypeVisibleFromCom (Type t)
 670                 {
 671                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 672                 }
 673
 674                 [MonoTODO]
 675                 public static int NumParamBytes (MethodInfo m)
 676                 {
 677                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 678                 }
 679 #endif
 680
 681                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 682                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 683                 public static extern int GetLastWin32Error();
 684
 685                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 686                 public extern static IntPtr OffsetOf (Type t, string fieldName);
 687
 688                 public static IntPtr OffsetOf<T> (string fieldName) {
 689                         return OffsetOf (typeof (T), fieldName);
 690                 }
 691
 692                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 693                 public extern static void Prelink (MethodInfo m);
 694
 695                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 696                 public extern static void PrelinkAll (Type c);
 697
 698                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 699                 public extern static string PtrToStringAnsi (IntPtr ptr);
 700
 701                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 702                 public extern static string PtrToStringAnsi (IntPtr ptr, int len);
 703
 704                 public static string PtrToStringAuto (IntPtr ptr)
 705                 {
 706                         return SystemDefaultCharSize == 2
 707                                 ? PtrToStringUni (ptr) : PtrToStringAnsi (ptr);
 708                 }
 709
 710                 public static string PtrToStringAuto (IntPtr ptr, int len)
 711                 {
 712                         return SystemDefaultCharSize == 2
 713                                 ? PtrToStringUni (ptr, len) : PtrToStringAnsi (ptr, len);
 714                 }
 715
 716                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 717                 public extern static string PtrToStringUni (IntPtr ptr);
 718
 719                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 720                 public extern static string PtrToStringUni (IntPtr ptr, int len);
 721
 722 #if !MOBILE
 723                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 724                 public extern static string PtrToStringBSTR (IntPtr ptr);
 725 #else
 726                 public static string PtrToStringBSTR (IntPtr ptr)
 727                 {
 728                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 729                 }
 730 #endif
 731
 732                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 733                 [ComVisible (true)]
 734                 public extern static void PtrToStructure (IntPtr ptr, object structure);
 735
 736                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 737                 [ComVisible (true)]
 738                 public extern static object PtrToStructure (IntPtr ptr, Type structureType);
 739
 740                 public static void PtrToStructure<T> (IntPtr ptr, T structure) {
 741                         PtrToStructure (ptr, (object)structure);
 742                 }
 743
 744                 public static T PtrToStructure<T> (IntPtr ptr) {
 745                         return (T) PtrToStructure (ptr, typeof (T));
 746                 }
 747
 748 #if !MOBILE
 749                 [MethodImplAttribute (MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 750                 private extern static int QueryInterfaceInternal (IntPtr pUnk, ref Guid iid, out IntPtr ppv);
 751 #endif
 752
 753                 public static int QueryInterface (IntPtr pUnk, ref Guid iid, out IntPtr ppv)
 754                 {
 755 #if !MOBILE
 756                         if (pUnk == IntPtr.Zero)
 757                                 throw new ArgumentException ("Value cannot be null.", "pUnk");
 758                         return QueryInterfaceInternal (pUnk, ref iid, out ppv);
 759 #else
 760                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 761 #endif
 762                 }
 763
 764                 public static byte ReadByte (IntPtr ptr)
 765                 {
 766                         unsafe {
 767                                 return *(byte*)ptr;
 768                         }
 769                 }
 770
 771                 public static byte ReadByte (IntPtr ptr, int ofs) {
 772                         unsafe {
 773                                 return *((byte*)ptr + ofs);
 774                         }
 775                 }
 776
 777                 [MonoTODO]
 778                 [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
 779                 public static byte ReadByte ([In, MarshalAs (UnmanagedType.AsAny)] object ptr, int ofs)
 780                 {
 781                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 782                 }
 783
 784                 public unsafe static short ReadInt16 (IntPtr ptr)
 785                 {
 786                         byte *addr = (byte *) ptr;
 787
 788                         // The mono JIT can't inline this due to the hight number of calls
 789                         // return ReadInt16 (ptr, 0);
 790
 791                         if (((uint)addr & 1) == 0)
 792                                 return *(short*)addr;
 793
 794                         short s;
 795                         Buffer.Memcpy ((byte*)&s, (byte*)ptr, 2);
 796                         return s;
 797                 }
 798
 799                 public unsafe static short ReadInt16 (IntPtr ptr, int ofs)
 800                 {
 801                         byte *addr = ((byte *) ptr) + ofs;
 802
 803                         if (((uint) addr & 1) == 0)
 804                                 return *(short*)addr;
 805
 806                         short s;
 807                         Buffer.Memcpy ((byte*)&s, addr, 2);
 808                         return s;
 809                 }
 810
 811                 [MonoTODO]
 812                 [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
 813                 public static short ReadInt16 ([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.AsAny)] object ptr, int ofs)
 814                 {
 815                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 816                 }
 817
 818                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 819                 public unsafe static int ReadInt32 (IntPtr ptr)
 820                 {
 821                         byte *addr = (byte *) ptr;
 822
 823                         if (((uint)addr & 3) == 0)
 824                                 return *(int*)addr;
 825
 826                         int s;
 827                         Buffer.Memcpy ((byte*)&s, addr, 4);
 828                         return s;
 829                 }
 830
 831                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 832                 public unsafe static int ReadInt32 (IntPtr ptr, int ofs)
 833                 {
 834                         byte *addr = ((byte *) ptr) + ofs;
 835
 836                         if ((((int) addr) & 3) == 0)
 837                                 return *(int*)addr;
 838                         else {
 839                                 int s;
 840                                 Buffer.Memcpy ((byte*)&s, addr, 4);
 841                                 return s;
 842                         }
 843                 }
 844
 845                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 846                 [MonoTODO]
 847                 [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
 848                 public static int ReadInt32 ([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.AsAny)] object ptr, int ofs)
 849                 {
 850                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 851                 }
 852
 853                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 854                 public unsafe static long ReadInt64 (IntPtr ptr)
 855                 {
 856                         byte *addr = (byte *) ptr;
 857
 858                         // The real alignment might be 4 on some platforms, but this is just an optimization,
 859                         // so it doesn't matter.
 860                         if (((uint) addr & 7) == 0)
 861                                 return *(long*)ptr;
 862
 863                         long s;
 864                         Buffer.Memcpy ((byte*)&s, addr, 8);
 865                         return s;
 866                 }
 867
 868                 public unsafe static long ReadInt64 (IntPtr ptr, int ofs)
 869                 {
 870                         byte *addr = ((byte *) ptr) + ofs;
 871
 872                         if (((uint) addr & 7) == 0)
 873                                 return *(long*)addr;
 874
 875                         long s;
 876                         Buffer.Memcpy ((byte*)&s, addr, 8);
 877                         return s;
 878                 }
 879
 880                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 881                 [MonoTODO]
 882                 [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
 883                 public static long ReadInt64 ([In, MarshalAs (UnmanagedType.AsAny)] object ptr, int ofs)
 884                 {
 885                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 886                 }
 887
 888                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 889                 public static IntPtr ReadIntPtr (IntPtr ptr)
 890                 {
 891                         if (IntPtr.Size == 4)
 892                                 return (IntPtr)ReadInt32 (ptr);
 893                         else
 894                                 return (IntPtr)ReadInt64 (ptr);
 895                 }
 896
 897                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 898                 public static IntPtr ReadIntPtr (IntPtr ptr, int ofs)
 899                 {
 900                         if (IntPtr.Size == 4)
 901                                 return (IntPtr)ReadInt32 (ptr, ofs);
 902                         else
 903                                 return (IntPtr)ReadInt64 (ptr, ofs);
 904                 }
 905
 906                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 907                 [MonoTODO]
 908                 public static IntPtr ReadIntPtr ([In, MarshalAs (UnmanagedType.AsAny)] object ptr, int ofs)
 909                 {
 910                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 911                 }
 912
 913                 [MethodImplAttribute (MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 914                 public extern static IntPtr ReAllocCoTaskMem (IntPtr pv, int cb);
 915
 916                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 917                 public extern static IntPtr ReAllocHGlobal (IntPtr pv, IntPtr cb);
 918
 919 #if !MOBILE
 920                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 921                 [MethodImplAttribute (MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 922                 private extern static int ReleaseInternal (IntPtr pUnk);
 923 #endif
 924
 925                 [ReliabilityContract (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.Success)]
 926                 public static int Release (IntPtr pUnk)
 927                 {
 928 #if !MOBILE
 929                         if (pUnk == IntPtr.Zero)
 930                                 throw new ArgumentException ("Value cannot be null.", "pUnk");
 931
 932                         return ReleaseInternal (pUnk);
 933 #else
 934                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 935 #endif
 936                 }
 937
 938 #if !FULL_AOT_RUNTIME
 939                 [MethodImplAttribute (MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 940                 private extern static int ReleaseComObjectInternal (object co);
 941
 942                 public static int ReleaseComObject (object o)
 943                 {
 944                         if (o == null)
 945                                 throw new ArgumentException ("Value cannot be null.", "o");
 946                         if (!IsComObject (o))
 947                                 throw new ArgumentException ("Value must be a Com object.", "o");
 948                         return ReleaseComObjectInternal (o);
 949                 }
 950
 951                 [Obsolete]
 952                 [MonoTODO]
 953                 public static void ReleaseThreadCache()
 954                 {
 955                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
 956                 }
 957
 958                 [MonoNotSupportedAttribute ("MSDN states user code should never need to call this method.")]
 959                 public static bool SetComObjectData (object obj, object key, object data)
 960                 {
 961                         throw new NotSupportedException ("MSDN states user code should never need to call this method.");
 962                 }
 963 #endif
 964
 965                 [ComVisible (true)]
 966                 public static int SizeOf (object structure)
 967                 {
 968                         return SizeOf (structure.GetType ());
 969                 }
 970
 971                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 972                 public extern static int SizeOf (Type t);
 973
 974                 public static int SizeOf<T> () {
 975                         return SizeOf (typeof (T));
 976                 }
 977
 978                 public static int SizeOf<T> (T structure) {
 979                         return SizeOf (structure.GetType ());
 980                 }
 981
 982                 internal static uint SizeOfType (Type type)
 983                 {
 984                         return (uint) SizeOf (type);
 985                 }
 986
 987                 internal static uint AlignedSizeOf<T> () where T : struct
 988                 {
 989                         uint size = SizeOfType (typeof (T));
 990                         if (size == 1 || size == 2)
 991                                 return size;
 992                         if (IntPtr.Size == 8 && size == 4)
 993                                 return size;
 994                         return (size + 3) & (~((uint)3));
 995                 }
 996
 997                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
 998                 public extern static IntPtr StringToBSTR (string s);
 999
1000                 //
1001                 // I believe this is wrong, because in Mono and in P/Invoke
1002                 // we treat "Ansi" conversions as UTF-8 conversions, while
1003                 // this one does not do this
1004                 //
1005                 public static IntPtr StringToCoTaskMemAnsi (string s)
1006                 {
1007                         int length = s.Length + 1;
1008                         IntPtr ctm = AllocCoTaskMem (length);
1009
1010                         byte[] asBytes = new byte[length];
1011                         for (int i = 0; i < s.Length; i++)
1012                                 asBytes[i] = (byte)s[i];
1013                         asBytes[s.Length] = 0;
1014
1015                         copy_to_unmanaged (asBytes, 0, ctm, length);
1016                         return ctm;
1017                 }
1018
1019                 public static IntPtr StringToCoTaskMemAuto (string s)
1020                 {
1021                         return SystemDefaultCharSize == 2
1022                                 ? StringToCoTaskMemUni (s) : StringToCoTaskMemAnsi (s);
1023                 }
1024
1025                 public static IntPtr StringToCoTaskMemUni (string s)
1026                 {
1027                         int length = s.Length + 1;
1028                         IntPtr ctm = AllocCoTaskMem (length * 2);
1029
1030                         char[] asChars = new char[length];
1031                         s.CopyTo (0, asChars, 0, s.Length);
1032                         asChars[s.Length] = '\0';
1033
1034                         copy_to_unmanaged (asChars, 0, ctm, length);
1035                         return ctm;
1036                 }
1037
1038                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
1039                 public extern static IntPtr StringToHGlobalAnsi (string s);
1040
1041                 public static IntPtr StringToHGlobalAuto (string s)
1042                 {
1043                         return SystemDefaultCharSize == 2
1044                                 ? StringToHGlobalUni (s) : StringToHGlobalAnsi (s);
1045                 }
1046
1047                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
1048                 public extern static IntPtr StringToHGlobalUni (string s);
1049
1050                 public static IntPtr SecureStringToBSTR (SecureString s)
1051                 {
1052                         if (s == null)
1053                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("s");
1054
1055                         byte[] buffer = s.GetBuffer ();
1056                         int len = s.Length;
1057
1058                         // SecureString doesn't take endian-ness into account.
1059                         // Therefore swap bytes here before we send it to c-side if little-endian.
1060                         if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian) {
1061                                 for (int i = 0; i < buffer.Length; i += 2) {
1062                                         byte b = buffer[i];
1063                                         buffer[i] = buffer[i + 1];
1064                                         buffer[i + 1] = b;
1065                                 }
1066                         }
1067                         return BufferToBSTR (buffer, len);
1068         }
1069
1070                 public static IntPtr SecureStringToCoTaskMemAnsi (SecureString s)
1071                 {
1072                         if (s == null)
1073                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("s");
1074                         int len = s.Length;
1075                         IntPtr ctm = AllocCoTaskMem (len + 1);
1076                         byte [] copy = new byte [len+1];
1077
1078                         try {
1079                                 byte [] buffer = s.GetBuffer ();
1080                                 int i = 0, j = 0;
1081                                 for (; i < len; i++, j += 2){
1082                                         copy [i] = buffer [j+1];
1083                                         buffer [j] = 0;
1084                                         buffer [j+1] = 0;
1085                                 }
1086                                 copy [i] = 0;
1087                                 copy_to_unmanaged (copy, 0, ctm, len+1);
1088                         } finally {
1089                                 // Ensure that we clear the buffer.
1090                                 for (int i = len; i > 0; ){
1091                                         i--;
1092                                         copy [i] = 0;
1093                                 }
1094                         }
1095                         return ctm;
1096                 }
1097
1098                 public static IntPtr SecureStringToCoTaskMemUnicode (SecureString s)
1099                 {
1100                         if (s == null)
1101                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("s");
1102                         int len = s.Length;
1103                         IntPtr ctm = AllocCoTaskMem (len * 2 + 2);
1104                         byte [] buffer = null;
1105                         try {
1106                                 buffer = s.GetBuffer ();
1107                                 for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
1108                                         WriteInt16 (ctm, i * 2, (short) ((buffer [(i*2)] << 8) | (buffer [i*2+1])));
1109                                 WriteInt16 (ctm, buffer.Length, 0);
1110                         } finally {
1111                                 if (buffer != null)
1112                                         for (int i = buffer.Length; i > 0; ){
1113                                                 i--;
1114                                                 buffer [i] = 0;
1115                                         }
1116                         }
1117                         return ctm;
1118                 }
1119
1120                 public static IntPtr SecureStringToGlobalAllocAnsi (SecureString s)
1121                 {
1122                         if (s == null)
1123                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("s");
1124                         return SecureStringToCoTaskMemAnsi (s);
1125                 }
1126
1127                 public static IntPtr SecureStringToGlobalAllocUnicode (SecureString s)
1128                 {
1129                         if (s == null)
1130                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("s");
1131                         return SecureStringToCoTaskMemUnicode (s);
1132                 }
1133
1134                 [ReliabilityContractAttribute (Consistency.WillNotCorruptState, Cer.MayFail)]
1135                 [ComVisible (true)]
1136                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
1137                 public extern static void StructureToPtr (object structure, IntPtr ptr, bool fDeleteOld);
1138
1139                 public static void StructureToPtr<T> (T structure, IntPtr ptr, bool fDeleteOld) {
1140                         StructureToPtr ((object)structure, ptr, fDeleteOld);
1141                 }
1142
1143                 public static void ThrowExceptionForHR (int errorCode) {
1144                         Exception ex = GetExceptionForHR (errorCode);
1145                         if (ex != null)
1146                                 throw ex;
1147                 }
1148
1149                 public static void ThrowExceptionForHR (int errorCode, IntPtr errorInfo) {
1150                         Exception ex = GetExceptionForHR (errorCode, errorInfo);
1151                         if (ex != null)
1152                                 throw ex;
1153                 }
1154
1155
1156                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
1157                 public extern static IntPtr BufferToBSTR (Array ptr, int slen);
1158
1159                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
1160                 public extern static IntPtr UnsafeAddrOfPinnedArrayElement (Array arr, int index);
1161
1162                 public static IntPtr UnsafeAddrOfPinnedArrayElement<T> (T[] arr, int index) {
1163                         return UnsafeAddrOfPinnedArrayElement ((Array)arr, index);
1164                 }
1165
1166                 public static void WriteByte (IntPtr ptr, byte val)
1167                 {
1168                         unsafe {
1169                                 *(byte*)ptr = val;
1170                         }
1171                 }
1172
1173                 public static void WriteByte (IntPtr ptr, int ofs, byte val) {
1174                         unsafe {
1175                                 *(byte*)(IntPtr.Add (ptr, ofs)) = val;
1176                         }
1177                 }
1178
1179                 [MonoTODO]
1180                 [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
1181                 public static void WriteByte ([In, Out, MarshalAs (UnmanagedType.AsAny)] object ptr, int ofs, byte val)
1182                 {
1183                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
1184                 }
1185
1186                 public static unsafe void WriteInt16 (IntPtr ptr, short val)
1187                 {
1188                         byte *addr = (byte *) ptr;
1189
1190                         if (((uint)addr & 1) == 0)
1191                                 *(short*)addr = val;
1192                         else
1193                                 Buffer.Memcpy (addr, (byte*)&val, 2);
1194                 }
1195
1196                 public static unsafe void WriteInt16 (IntPtr ptr, int ofs, short val)
1197                 {
1198                         byte *addr = ((byte *) ptr) + ofs;
1199
1200                         if (((uint)addr & 1) == 0)
1201                                 *(short*)addr = val;
1202                         else {
1203                                 Buffer.Memcpy (addr, (byte*)&val, 2);
1204                         }
1205                 }
1206
1207                 [MonoTODO]
1208                 [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
1209                 public static void WriteInt16 ([In, Out, MarshalAs (UnmanagedType.AsAny)] object ptr, int ofs, short val)
1210                 {
1211                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
1212                 }
1213
1214                 public static void WriteInt16 (IntPtr ptr, char val)
1215                 {
1216                         WriteInt16 (ptr, 0, (short)val);
1217                 }
1218
1219                 public static void WriteInt16 (IntPtr ptr, int ofs, char val)
1220                 {
1221                         WriteInt16 (ptr, ofs, (short)val);
1222                 }
1223
1224                 [MonoTODO]
1225                 public static void WriteInt16([In, Out] object ptr, int ofs, char val)
1226                 {
1227                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
1228                 }
1229
1230                 public static unsafe void WriteInt32 (IntPtr ptr, int val)
1231                 {
1232                         byte *addr = (byte *) ptr;
1233
1234                         if (((uint)addr & 3) == 0)
1235                                 *(int*)addr = val;
1236                         else {
1237                                 Buffer.Memcpy (addr, (byte*)&val, 4);
1238                         }
1239                 }
1240
1241                 public unsafe static void WriteInt32 (IntPtr ptr, int ofs, int val)
1242                 {
1243                         byte *addr = ((byte *) ptr) + ofs;
1244
1245                         if (((uint)addr & 3) == 0)
1246                                 *(int*)addr = val;
1247                         else {
1248                                 Buffer.Memcpy (addr, (byte*)&val, 4);
1249                         }
1250                 }
1251
1252                 [MonoTODO]
1253                 [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
1254                 public static void WriteInt32([In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.AsAny)] object ptr, int ofs, int val)
1255                 {
1256                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
1257                 }
1258
1259                 public static unsafe void WriteInt64 (IntPtr ptr, long val)
1260                 {
1261                         byte *addr = (byte *) ptr;
1262
1263                         // The real alignment might be 4 on some platforms, but this is just an optimization,
1264                         // so it doesn't matter.
1265                         if (((uint)addr & 7) == 0)
1266                                 *(long*)addr = val;
1267                         else
1268                                 Buffer.Memcpy (addr, (byte*)&val, 8);
1269                 }
1270
1271                 public static unsafe void WriteInt64 (IntPtr ptr, int ofs, long val)
1272                 {
1273                         byte *addr = ((byte *) ptr) + ofs;
1274
1275                         // The real alignment might be 4 on some platforms, but this is just an optimization,
1276                         // so it doesn't matter.
1277                         if (((uint)addr & 7) == 0)
1278                                 *(long*)addr = val;
1279                         else
1280                                 Buffer.Memcpy (addr, (byte*)&val, 8);
1281                 }
1282
1283                 [MonoTODO]
1284                 [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity]
1285                 public static void WriteInt64 ([In, Out, MarshalAs (UnmanagedType.AsAny)] object ptr, int ofs, long val)
1286                 {
1287                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
1288                 }
1289
1290                 public static void WriteIntPtr (IntPtr ptr, IntPtr val)
1291                 {
1292                         if (IntPtr.Size == 4)
1293                                 WriteInt32 (ptr, (int)val);
1294                         else
1295                                 WriteInt64 (ptr, (long)val);
1296                 }
1297
1298                 public static void WriteIntPtr (IntPtr ptr, int ofs, IntPtr val)
1299                 {
1300                         if (IntPtr.Size == 4)
1301                                 WriteInt32 (ptr, ofs, (int)val);
1302                         else
1303                                 WriteInt64 (ptr, ofs, (long)val);
1304                 }
1305
1306                 [MonoTODO]
1307                 public static void WriteIntPtr([In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.AsAny)] object ptr, int ofs, IntPtr val)
1308                 {
1309                         throw new NotImplementedException ();
1310                 }
1311
1312                 private static Exception ConvertHrToException (int errorCode)
1313                 {
1314                         const int MSEE_E_APPDOMAINUNLOADED = unchecked ((int)0x80131014L);
1315                         const int COR_E_APPLICATION = unchecked ((int)0x80131600L);
1316                         const int E_INVALIDARG = unchecked ((int)0x80070057);
1317                         const int COR_E_ARGUMENTOUTOFRANGE = unchecked ((int)0x80131502L);
1318                         const int COR_E_ARITHMETIC = unchecked ((int)0x80070216);
1319                         const int COR_E_ARRAYTYPEMISMATCH = unchecked ((int)0x80131503L);
1320                         const int COR_E_BADIMAGEFORMAT = unchecked ((int)0x8007000BL);
1321                         const int ERROR_BAD_FORMAT = unchecked ((int)0x0B);
1322                         //const int COR_E_COMEMULATE_ERROR = unchecked ((int)?);
1323                         const int COR_E_CONTEXTMARSHAL = unchecked ((int)0x80131504L);
1324                         //const int COR_E_CORE = unchecked ((int)?);
1325                         const int NTE_FAIL = unchecked ((int)0x80090020L);
1326                         const int COR_E_DIRECTORYNOTFOUND = unchecked ((int)0x80070003L);
1327                         const int ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND = unchecked ((int)0x03);
1328                         const int COR_E_DIVIDEBYZERO = unchecked ((int)0x80020012L);
1329                         const int COR_E_DUPLICATEWAITOBJECT = unchecked ((int)0x80131529L);
1330                         const int COR_E_ENDOFSTREAM = unchecked ((int)0x80070026L);
1331                         const int COR_E_TYPELOAD = unchecked ((int)0x80131522L);
1332                         const int COR_E_EXCEPTION = unchecked ((int)0x80131500L);
1333                         const int COR_E_EXECUTIONENGINE = unchecked ((int)0x80131506L);
1334                         const int COR_E_FIELDACCESS = unchecked ((int)0x80131507L);
1335                         const int COR_E_FILENOTFOUND = unchecked ((int)0x80070002L);
1336                         const int ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND = unchecked ((int)0x02);
1337                         const int COR_E_FORMAT = unchecked ((int)0x80131537L);
1338                         const int COR_E_INDEXOUTOFRANGE = unchecked ((int)0x80131508L);
1339                         const int COR_E_INVALIDCAST = unchecked ((int)0x80004002L);
1340                         const int COR_E_INVALIDCOMOBJECT = unchecked ((int)0x80131527L);
1341                         const int COR_E_INVALIDFILTERCRITERIA = unchecked ((int)0x80131601L);
1342                         const int COR_E_INVALIDOLEVARIANTTYPE = unchecked ((int)0x80131531L);
1343                         const int COR_E_INVALIDOPERATION = unchecked ((int)0x80131509L);
1344                         const int COR_E_IO = unchecked ((int)0x80131620L);
1345                         const int COR_E_MEMBERACCESS = unchecked ((int)0x8013151AL);
1346                         const int COR_E_METHODACCESS = unchecked ((int)0x80131510L);
1347                         const int COR_E_MISSINGFIELD = unchecked ((int)0x80131511L);
1348                         const int COR_E_MISSINGMANIFESTRESOURCE = unchecked ((int)0x80131532L);
1349                         const int COR_E_MISSINGMEMBER = unchecked ((int)0x80131512L);
1350                         const int COR_E_MISSINGMETHOD = unchecked ((int)0x80131513L);
1351                         const int COR_E_MULTICASTNOTSUPPORTED = unchecked ((int)0x80131514L);
1352                         const int COR_E_NOTFINITENUMBER = unchecked ((int)0x80131528L);
1353                         const int E_NOTIMPL = unchecked ((int)0x80004001L);
1354                         const int COR_E_NOTSUPPORTED = unchecked ((int)0x80131515L);
1355                         const int COR_E_NULLREFERENCE = unchecked ((int)0x80004003L);
1356                         const int E_OUTOFMEMORY = unchecked ((int)0x8007000EL);
1357                         const int COR_E_OVERFLOW = unchecked ((int)0x80131516L);
1358                         const int COR_E_PATHTOOLONG = unchecked ((int)0x800700CEL);
1359                         const int ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE = unchecked ((int)0xCE);
1360                         const int COR_E_RANK = unchecked ((int)0x80131517L);
1361                         const int COR_E_REFLECTIONTYPELOAD = unchecked ((int)0x80131602L);
1362                         const int COR_E_REMOTING = unchecked ((int)0x8013150BL);
1363                         const int COR_E_SAFEARRAYTYPEMISMATCH = unchecked ((int)0x80131533L);
1364                         const int COR_E_SECURITY = unchecked ((int)0x8013150AL);
1365                         const int COR_E_SERIALIZATION = unchecked ((int)0x8013150CL);
1366                         const int COR_E_STACKOVERFLOW = unchecked ((int)0x800703E9L);
1367                         const int ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW = unchecked ((int)0x03E9);
1368                         const int COR_E_SYNCHRONIZATIONLOCK = unchecked ((int)0x80131518L);
1369                         const int COR_E_SYSTEM = unchecked ((int)0x80131501L);
1370                         const int COR_E_TARGET = unchecked ((int)0x80131603L);
1371                         const int COR_E_TARGETINVOCATION = unchecked ((int)0x80131604L);
1372                         const int COR_E_TARGETPARAMCOUNT = unchecked ((int)0x8002000EL);
1373                         const int COR_E_THREADABORTED = unchecked ((int)0x80131530L);
1374                         const int COR_E_THREADINTERRUPTED = unchecked ((int)0x80131519L);
1375                         const int COR_E_THREADSTATE = unchecked ((int)0x80131520L);
1376                         const int COR_E_THREADSTOP = unchecked ((int)0x80131521L);
1377                         const int COR_E_TYPEINITIALIZATION = unchecked ((int)0x80131534L);
1378                         const int COR_E_VERIFICATION = unchecked ((int)0x8013150DL);
1379                         //const int COR_E_WEAKREFERENCE = unchecked ((int)?);
1380                         //const int COR_E_VTABLECALLSNOTSUPPORTED = unchecked ((int));
1381
1382                         switch (errorCode) {
1383                                 case MSEE_E_APPDOMAINUNLOADED:
1384                                         return new AppDomainUnloadedException ();
1385                                 case COR_E_APPLICATION:
1386                                         return new ApplicationException ();
1387                                 case E_INVALIDARG:
1388                                         return new ArgumentException ();
1389                                 case COR_E_ARGUMENTOUTOFRANGE:
1390                                         return new ArgumentOutOfRangeException ();
1391                                 case COR_E_ARITHMETIC:
1392                                         return new ArithmeticException ();
1393                                 case COR_E_ARRAYTYPEMISMATCH:
1394                                         return new ArrayTypeMismatchException ();
1395                                 case COR_E_BADIMAGEFORMAT:
1396                                 case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT:
1397                                         return new BadImageFormatException ();
1398 //                              case COR_E_COMEMULATE_ERROR:
1399 //                                      return new COMEmulateException ();
1400                                 case COR_E_CONTEXTMARSHAL:
1401                                         return new ContextMarshalException ();
1402 //                              case COR_E_CORE:
1403 //                                      return new CoreException ();
1404                                 case NTE_FAIL:
1405                                         return new System.Security.Cryptography.CryptographicException ();
1406                                 case COR_E_DIRECTORYNOTFOUND:
1407                                 case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
1408                                         return new System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException ();
1409                                 case COR_E_DIVIDEBYZERO:
1410                                         return new DivideByZeroException ();
1411                                 case COR_E_DUPLICATEWAITOBJECT:
1412                                         return new DuplicateWaitObjectException ();
1413                                 case COR_E_ENDOFSTREAM:
1414                                         return new System.IO.EndOfStreamException ();
1415                                 case COR_E_EXCEPTION:
1416                                         return new Exception ();
1417                                 case COR_E_EXECUTIONENGINE:
1418                                         return new ExecutionEngineException ();
1419                                 case COR_E_FIELDACCESS:
1420                                         return new FieldAccessException ();
1421                                 case COR_E_FILENOTFOUND:
1422                                 case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
1423                                         return new System.IO.FileNotFoundException ();
1424                                 case COR_E_FORMAT:
1425                                         return new FormatException ();
1426                                 case COR_E_INDEXOUTOFRANGE:
1427                                         return new IndexOutOfRangeException ();
1428                                 case COR_E_INVALIDCAST:
1429                                 // E_NOINTERFACE has same value as COR_E_INVALIDCAST
1430                                         return new InvalidCastException ();
1431                                 case COR_E_INVALIDCOMOBJECT:
1432                                         return new InvalidComObjectException ();
1433                                 case COR_E_INVALIDFILTERCRITERIA:
1434                                         return new InvalidFilterCriteriaException ();
1435                                 case COR_E_INVALIDOLEVARIANTTYPE:
1436                                         return new InvalidOleVariantTypeException ();
1437                                 case COR_E_INVALIDOPERATION:
1438                                         return new InvalidOperationException ();
1439                                 case COR_E_IO:
1440                                         return new System.IO.IOException ();
1441                                 case COR_E_MEMBERACCESS:
1442                                         return new MemberAccessException ();
1443                                 case COR_E_METHODACCESS:
1444                                         return new MethodAccessException ();
1445                                 case COR_E_MISSINGFIELD:
1446                                         return new MissingFieldException ();
1447                                 case COR_E_MISSINGMANIFESTRESOURCE:
1448                                         return new System.Resources.MissingManifestResourceException ();
1449                                 case COR_E_MISSINGMEMBER:
1450                                         return new MissingMemberException ();
1451                                 case COR_E_MISSINGMETHOD:
1452                                         return new MissingMethodException ();
1453                                 case COR_E_MULTICASTNOTSUPPORTED:
1454                                         return new MulticastNotSupportedException ();
1455                                 case COR_E_NOTFINITENUMBER:
1456                                         return new NotFiniteNumberException ();
1457                                 case E_NOTIMPL:
1458                                         return new NotImplementedException ();
1459                                 case COR_E_NOTSUPPORTED:
1460                                         return new NotSupportedException ();
1461                                 case COR_E_NULLREFERENCE:
1462                                 // E_POINTER has the same value as COR_E_NULLREFERENCE
1463                                         return new NullReferenceException ();
1464                                 case E_OUTOFMEMORY:
1465                                 // COR_E_OUTOFMEMORY has the same value as E_OUTOFMEMORY
1466                                         return new OutOfMemoryException ();
1467                                 case COR_E_OVERFLOW:
1468                                         return new OverflowException ();
1469                                 case COR_E_PATHTOOLONG:
1470                                 case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE:
1471                                         return new System.IO.PathTooLongException ();
1472                                 case COR_E_RANK:
1473                                         return new RankException ();
1474                                 case COR_E_REFLECTIONTYPELOAD:
1475                                         return new System.Reflection.ReflectionTypeLoadException (new Type[] { }, new Exception[] { });
1476                                 case COR_E_REMOTING:
1477                                         return new System.Runtime.Remoting.RemotingException ();
1478                                 case COR_E_SAFEARRAYTYPEMISMATCH:
1479                                         return new SafeArrayTypeMismatchException ();
1480                                 case COR_E_SECURITY:
1481                                         return new SecurityException ();
1482                                 case COR_E_SERIALIZATION:
1483                                         return new System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationException ();
1484                                 case COR_E_STACKOVERFLOW:
1485                                 case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW:
1486                                         return new StackOverflowException ();
1487                                 case COR_E_SYNCHRONIZATIONLOCK:
1488                                         return new SynchronizationLockException ();
1489                                 case COR_E_SYSTEM:
1490                                         return new SystemException ();
1491                                 case COR_E_TARGET:
1492                                         return new TargetException ();
1493                                 case COR_E_TARGETINVOCATION:
1494                                         return new System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException (null);
1495                                 case COR_E_TARGETPARAMCOUNT:
1496                                         return new TargetParameterCountException ();
1497 //                              case COR_E_THREADABORTED:
1498 //                                      ThreadAbortException c'tor is inaccessible
1499 //                                      return new System.Threading.ThreadAbortException ();
1500                                 case COR_E_THREADINTERRUPTED:
1501                                         return new ThreadInterruptedException ();
1502                                 case COR_E_THREADSTATE:
1503                                         return new ThreadStateException ();
1504 //                              case COR_E_THREADSTOP:
1505 //                                      ThreadStopException does not exist
1506 //                                      return new System.Threading.ThreadStopException ();
1507                                 case COR_E_TYPELOAD:
1508                                         return new TypeLoadException ();
1509                                 // MSDN lists COR_E_TYPELOAD twice with different exceptions.
1510                                 // return new EntryPointNotFoundException ();
1511                                 case COR_E_TYPEINITIALIZATION:
1512                                         return new TypeInitializationException("", null);
1513                                 case COR_E_VERIFICATION:
1514                                         return new VerificationException ();
1515 //                              case COR_E_WEAKREFERENCE:
1516 //                                      return new WeakReferenceException ();
1517 //                              case COR_E_VTABLECALLSNOTSUPPORTED:
1518 //                                      return new VTableCallsNotSupportedException ();
1519                         }
1520                         if (errorCode < 0)
1521                                 return new COMException ("", errorCode);
1522                         return null;
1523                 }
1524
1525 #if FEATURE_COMINTEROP
1526                 [DllImport ("oleaut32.dll", CharSet=CharSet.Unicode, EntryPoint = "SetErrorInfo")]
1527                 static extern int _SetErrorInfo (int dwReserved,
1528                         [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IErrorInfo pIErrorInfo);
1529
1530                 [DllImport ("oleaut32.dll", CharSet=CharSet.Unicode, EntryPoint = "GetErrorInfo")]
1531                 static extern int _GetErrorInfo (int dwReserved,
1532                         [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] out IErrorInfo ppIErrorInfo);
1533
1534                 static bool SetErrorInfoNotAvailable;
1535                 static bool GetErrorInfoNotAvailable;
1536
1537                 internal static int SetErrorInfo (int dwReserved, IErrorInfo errorInfo)
1538                 {
1539                         int retVal = 0;
1540                         errorInfo = null;
1541
1542                         if (SetErrorInfoNotAvailable)
1543                                 return -1;
1544
1545                         try {
1546                                 retVal = _SetErrorInfo (dwReserved, errorInfo);
1547                         }
1548                         catch (Exception) {
1549                                 // ignore any exception - probably there's no suitable SetErrorInfo
1550                                 // method available.
1551                                 SetErrorInfoNotAvailable = true;
1552                         }
1553                         return retVal;
1554                 }
1555
1556                 internal static int GetErrorInfo (int dwReserved, out IErrorInfo errorInfo)
1557                 {
1558                         int retVal = 0;
1559                         errorInfo = null;
1560
1561                         if (GetErrorInfoNotAvailable)
1562                                 return -1;
1563
1564                         try {
1565                                 retVal = _GetErrorInfo (dwReserved, out errorInfo);
1566                         }
1567                         catch (Exception) {
1568                                 // ignore any exception - probably there's no suitable GetErrorInfo
1569                                 // method available.
1570                                 GetErrorInfoNotAvailable = true;
1571                         }
1572                         return retVal;
1573                 }
1574 #endif
1575                 public static Exception GetExceptionForHR (int errorCode)
1576                 {
1577                         return GetExceptionForHR (errorCode, IntPtr.Zero);
1578                 }
1579
1580                 public static Exception GetExceptionForHR (int errorCode, IntPtr errorInfo)
1581                 {
1582 #if FEATURE_COMINTEROP
1583                         IErrorInfo info = null;
1584                         if (errorInfo != (IntPtr)(-1)) {
1585                                 if (errorInfo == IntPtr.Zero) {
1586                                         if (GetErrorInfo (0, out info) != 0) {
1587                                                 info  = null;
1588                                         }
1589                                 } else {
1590                                         info  = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown (errorInfo) as IErrorInfo;
1591                                 }
1592                         }
1593
1594                         if (info is ManagedErrorInfo && ((ManagedErrorInfo) info).Exception._HResult == errorCode) {
1595                                 return ((ManagedErrorInfo) info).Exception;
1596                         }
1597
1598                         Exception e = ConvertHrToException (errorCode);
1599                         if (info != null && e != null) {
1600                                 uint helpContext;
1601                                 info.GetHelpContext (out helpContext);
1602                                 string str;
1603                                 info.GetSource (out str);
1604                                 e.Source = str;
1605                                 info.GetDescription (out str);
1606                                 e.SetMessage (str);
1607                                 info.GetHelpFile (out str);
1608
1609                                 if (helpContext == 0) {
1610                                         e.HelpLink = str;
1611                                 } else {
1612                                         e.HelpLink = string.Format ("{0}#{1}", str, helpContext);
1613                                 }
1614                         }
1615                         return e;
1616 #else
1617                         return ConvertHrToException (errorCode);
1618 #endif
1619                 }
1620
1621 #if !FULL_AOT_RUNTIME
1622                 public static int FinalReleaseComObject (object o)
1623                 {
1624                         while (ReleaseComObject (o) != 0);
1625                         return 0;
1626                 }
1627 #endif
1628
1629                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
1630                 private static extern Delegate GetDelegateForFunctionPointerInternal (IntPtr ptr, Type t);
1631
1632                 public static Delegate GetDelegateForFunctionPointer (IntPtr ptr, Type t)
1633                 {
1634                         if (t == null)
1635                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("t");
1636                         if (!t.IsSubclassOf (typeof (MulticastDelegate)) || (t == typeof (MulticastDelegate)))
1637                                 throw new ArgumentException ("Type is not a delegate", "t");
1638                         if (t.IsGenericType)
1639                                 throw new ArgumentException ("The specified Type must not be a generic type definition.");
1640                         if (ptr == IntPtr.Zero)
1641                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("ptr");
1642
1643                         return GetDelegateForFunctionPointerInternal (ptr, t);
1644                 }
1645
1646                 public static TDelegate GetDelegateForFunctionPointer<TDelegate> (IntPtr ptr) {
1647                         return (TDelegate) (object) GetDelegateForFunctionPointer (ptr, typeof (TDelegate));
1648                 }
1649
1650                 [MethodImplAttribute(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall)]
1651                 private static extern IntPtr GetFunctionPointerForDelegateInternal (Delegate d);
1652
1653                 public static IntPtr GetFunctionPointerForDelegate (Delegate d)
1654                 {
1655                         if (d == null)
1656                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("d");
1657
1658                         return GetFunctionPointerForDelegateInternal (d);
1659                 }
1660
1661                 public static IntPtr GetFunctionPointerForDelegate<TDelegate> (TDelegate d) {
1662                         if (d == null)
1663                                 throw new ArgumentNullException ("d");
1664
1665                         return GetFunctionPointerForDelegateInternal ((Delegate)(object)d);
1666                 }
1667
1668                 internal static void SetLastWin32Error (int error)
1669                 {
1670                 }
1671         }
1672 }