1 /* global.h ********************************************************************
3 Copyright (c) 1997 A. Krall, R. Grafl, M. Gschwind, M. Probst
5 See file COPYRIGHT for information on usage and disclaimer of warranties
7 Contains global definitions which are used in the whole program, includes
8 some files and contains global used macros.
10 Authors: Reinhard Grafl EMAIL: cacao@complang.tuwien.ac.at
11 Andreas Krall (andi) EMAIL: cacao@complang.tuwien.ac.at
12 Changes: Mark Probst (schani) EMAIL: cacao@complang.tuwien.ac.at
13 Philipp Tomsich (phil) EMAIL: cacao@complang.tuwien.ac.at
15 Last Change: $Id: global.h 132 1999-09-27 15:54:42Z chris $
17 *******************************************************************************/
24 #define NEW_GC /* if enabled, includes the new gc. -- phil. */
26 #define STATISTICS /* if enabled collects program statistics */
29 * JIT_MARKER_SUPPORT is the define used to toggle Just-in-time generated
30 * marker functions on and off.
32 * SIZE_FROM_CLASSINFO toggles between the bitmap_based and the new method
33 * of determining the sizes of objects on the heap.
35 #undef JIT_MARKER_SUPPORT /* phil */
36 #define SIZE_FROM_CLASSINFO
38 /* standard includes **********************************************************/
45 #include "toolbox/memory.h"
46 #include "toolbox/chain.h"
47 #include "toolbox/list.h"
48 #include "toolbox/loging.h"
50 /* system dependent types *****************************************************/
55 /* additional data types ******************************************************/
57 typedef void *voidptr; /* generic pointer */
59 typedef int bool; /* boolean data type */
64 typedef void (*functionptr) (); /* generic function pointer */
67 #define MAX_ALIGN 8 /* most generic alignment for JavaVM values */
70 /* shutdown function **********************************************************/
72 void cacao_shutdown(s4 status);
75 /* basic data types ***********************************************************/
77 #define TYPE_INT 0 /* the JavaVM types must numbered in the */
78 #define TYPE_LONG 1 /* same order as the ICMD_Ixxx to ICMD_Axxx */
79 #define TYPE_FLOAT 2 /* instructions (LOAD and STORE) */
80 #define TYPE_DOUBLE 3 /* integer, long, float, double, address */
81 #define TYPE_ADDRESS 4 /* all other types can be numbered arbitrarly */
86 /* Java class file constants **************************************************/
88 #define MAGIC 0xcafebabe
89 #define MINOR_VERSION 3
90 #define MAJOR_VERSION 45
92 #define CONSTANT_Class 7
93 #define CONSTANT_Fieldref 9
94 #define CONSTANT_Methodref 10
95 #define CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref 11
96 #define CONSTANT_String 8
97 #define CONSTANT_Integer 3
98 #define CONSTANT_Float 4
99 #define CONSTANT_Long 5
100 #define CONSTANT_Double 6
101 #define CONSTANT_NameAndType 12
102 #define CONSTANT_Utf8 1
104 #define CONSTANT_Arraydescriptor 13
105 #define CONSTANT_UNUSED 0
107 #define ACC_PUBLIC 0x0001
108 #define ACC_PRIVATE 0x0002
109 #define ACC_PROTECTED 0x0004
110 #define ACC_STATIC 0x0008
111 #define ACC_FINAL 0x0010
112 #define ACC_SYNCHRONIZED 0x0020
113 #define ACC_VOLATILE 0x0040
114 #define ACC_TRANSIENT 0x0080
115 #define ACC_NATIVE 0x0100
116 #define ACC_INTERFACE 0x0200
117 #define ACC_ABSTRACT 0x0400
120 /* resolve typedef cycles *****************************************************/
122 typedef struct unicode unicode;
123 typedef struct java_objectheader java_objectheader;
124 typedef struct classinfo classinfo;
125 typedef struct vftbl vftbl;
126 typedef u1* methodptr;
129 /* constant pool entries *******************************************************
131 All constant pool entries need a data structure which contain the entrys
132 value. In some cases this structure exist already, in the remaining cases
133 this structure must be generated:
135 kind structure generated?
136 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
137 CONSTANT_Class classinfo no
138 CONSTANT_Fieldref constant_FMIref yes
139 CONSTANT_Methodref constant_FMIref yes
140 CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref constant_FMIref yes
141 CONSTANT_String unicode no
142 CONSTANT_Integer constant_integer yes
143 CONSTANT_Float constant_float yes
144 CONSTANT_Long constant_long yes
145 CONSTANT_Double constant_double yes
146 CONSTANT_NameAndType constant_nameandtype yes
147 CONSTANT_Utf8 unicode no
148 CONSTANT_Arraydescriptor constant_arraydescriptor yes
151 *******************************************************************************/
153 /* data structures of Unicode symbol *******************************************
155 All Unicode symbols are stored in one global (hash) table, every symbol
156 exists only once. Equal symbols have identical pointers.
160 unicode *hashlink; /* link for external hash chain */
161 u4 key; /* hash key (computed from text) */
162 int length; /* text length */
163 u2 *text; /* pointer to text (each character is 16 Bit) */
164 classinfo *class; /* class pointer if it exists, otherwise NULL */
165 java_objectheader *string; /* string pointer if it exists, otherwise NULL*/
169 /* data structures of remaining constant pool entries *************************/
171 typedef struct { /* Fieldref, Methodref and InterfaceMethodref */
172 classinfo *class; /* class containing this field/method/interface */
173 unicode *name; /* field/method/interface name */
174 unicode *descriptor; /* field/method/interface type descriptor string */
177 typedef struct { /* Integer */
181 typedef struct { /* Float */
185 typedef struct { /* Long */
189 typedef struct { /* Double */
193 typedef struct { /* NameAndType (Field or Method) */
194 unicode *name; /* field/method name */
195 unicode *descriptor; /* field/method type descriptor string */
196 } constant_nameandtype;
198 /* arraydescriptor describes array types. Basic array types contain their
199 type in the arraytype field, objectclass contains a class pointer for
200 arrays of objects (arraytype == ARRAYTYPE_OBJECT), elementdescriptor
201 contains a pointer to an arraydescriptor which describes the element
202 types in the case of arrays of arrays (arraytype == ARRAYTYPE_ARRAY).
205 typedef struct constant_arraydescriptor {
207 classinfo *objectclass;
208 struct constant_arraydescriptor *elementdescriptor;
209 } constant_arraydescriptor;
212 /* data structures of the runtime system **************************************/
214 /* objects *********************************************************************
216 All objects (and arrays) which resides on the heap need the following
217 header at the beginning of the data structure.
220 struct java_objectheader { /* header for all objects */
221 vftbl *vftbl; /* pointer to virtual function table */
226 /* arrays **********************************************************************
228 All arrays are objects (they need the object header with a pointer to a
229 vvftbl (array class table). There is only one class for all arrays. The
230 type of an array is stored directly in the array object. Following types
234 #define ARRAYTYPE_INT 0
235 #define ARRAYTYPE_LONG 1
236 #define ARRAYTYPE_FLOAT 2
237 #define ARRAYTYPE_DOUBLE 3
238 #define ARRAYTYPE_BYTE 4
239 #define ARRAYTYPE_CHAR 5
240 #define ARRAYTYPE_SHORT 6
241 #define ARRAYTYPE_BOOLEAN 7
242 #define ARRAYTYPE_OBJECT 8
243 #define ARRAYTYPE_ARRAY 9
245 typedef struct java_arrayheader { /* header for all arrays */
246 java_objectheader objheader; /* object header */
247 s4 size; /* array size */
248 #ifdef SIZE_FROM_CLASSINFO
249 s4 alignedsize; /* phil */
251 s4 arraytype; /* array type from previous list */
256 /* structs for all kinds of arrays ********************************************/
258 typedef struct java_chararray {
259 java_arrayheader header;
263 typedef struct java_floatheader {
264 java_arrayheader header;
268 typedef struct java_doublearray {
269 java_arrayheader header;
273 /* booleanarray and bytearray need identical memory layout (access methods
274 use the same machine code */
276 typedef struct java_booleanarray {
277 java_arrayheader header;
281 typedef struct java_bytearray {
282 java_arrayheader header;
286 typedef struct java_shortarray {
287 java_arrayheader header;
291 typedef struct java_intarray {
292 java_arrayheader header;
296 typedef struct java_longarray {
297 java_arrayheader header;
301 /* objectarray and arrayarray need identical memory layout (access methods
302 use the same machine code */
304 typedef struct java_objectarray {
305 java_arrayheader header;
306 classinfo *elementtype;
307 java_objectheader *data[1];
310 typedef struct java_arrayarray {
311 java_arrayheader header;
312 constant_arraydescriptor *elementdescriptor;
313 java_arrayheader *data[1];
317 /* field, method and class structures *****************************************/
319 /* fieldinfo ******************************************************************/
321 typedef struct fieldinfo {/* field of a class */
322 s4 flags; /* ACC flags */
323 s4 type; /* basic data type */
324 unicode *name; /* name of field */
325 unicode *descriptor; /* JavaVM descriptor string of field */
327 s4 offset; /* offset from start of object (instance variables) */
329 union { /* storage for static values (class variables) */
341 /* exceptiontable *************************************************************/
343 typedef struct xtable { /* exceptiontable entry in a method */
344 s4 startpc; /* start pc of guarded area (inclusive) */
345 struct basicblock *start;
347 s4 endpc; /* end pc of guarded area (exklusive) */
348 struct basicblock *end;
350 s4 handlerpc; /* pc of exception handler */
351 struct basicblock *handler;
353 classinfo *catchtype; /* catchtype of exception (NULL == catchall) */
354 struct xtable *next; /* used to build a list of exception when */
355 /* loops are copied */
356 struct xtable *down; /* instead of the old array, a list is used */
360 typedef struct exceptiontable { /* exceptiontable entry in a method */
361 s4 startpc; /* start pc of guarded area (inclusive) */
362 s4 endpc; /* end pc of guarded area (exklusive) */
363 s4 handlerpc; /* pc of exception handler */
364 classinfo *catchtype; /* catchtype of exception (NULL == catchall) */
368 /* methodinfo *****************************************************************/
370 typedef struct methodinfo { /* method structure */
371 s4 flags; /* ACC flags */
372 unicode *name; /* name of method */
373 unicode *descriptor; /* JavaVM descriptor string of method */
374 s4 returntype; /* only temporary valid, return type */
375 s4 paramcount; /* only temporary valid, parameter count */
376 u1 *paramtypes; /* only temporary valid, parameter types */
377 classinfo *class; /* class, the method belongs to */
378 s4 vftblindex; /* index of method in virtual function table
379 (if it is a virtual method) */
380 s4 maxstack; /* maximum stack depth of method */
381 s4 maxlocals; /* maximum number of local variables */
382 s4 jcodelength; /* length of JavaVM code */
383 u1 *jcode; /* pointer to JavaVM code */
385 s4 exceptiontablelength;/* exceptiontable length */
386 exceptiontable *exceptiontable;
387 /* the exceptiontable */
389 u1 *stubroutine; /* stub for compiling or calling natives */
390 s4 mcodelength; /* legth of generated machine code */
391 u1 *mcode; /* pointer to machine code */
392 u1 *entrypoint; /* entry point in machine code */
397 /* classinfo ******************************************************************/
399 struct classinfo { /* class structure */
400 java_objectheader header; /* classes are also objects */
402 s4 flags; /* ACC flags */
403 unicode *name; /* class name */
405 s4 cpcount; /* number of entries in constant pool */
406 u1 *cptags; /* constant pool tags */
407 voidptr *cpinfos; /* pointer to constant pool info structures */
409 classinfo *super; /* super class pointer */
410 classinfo *sub; /* sub class pointer */
411 classinfo *nextsub; /* pointer to next class in sub class list */
413 s4 interfacescount; /* number of interfaces */
414 classinfo **interfaces; /* pointer to interfaces */
416 s4 fieldscount; /* number of fields */
417 fieldinfo *fields; /* field table */
419 s4 methodscount; /* number of methods */
420 methodinfo *methods; /* method table */
422 listnode listnode; /* linkage */
424 bool initialized; /* true, if class already initialised */
425 bool linked; /* true, if class already linked */
426 s4 index; /* hierarchy depth (classes) or index
428 s4 instancesize; /* size of an instance of this class */
429 #ifdef SIZE_FROM_CLASSINFO
430 s4 alignedsize; /* size of an instance, aligned to the
431 allocation size on the heap */
434 vftbl *vftbl; /* pointer to virtual function table */
436 methodinfo *finalizer; /* finalizer method */
437 #ifdef JIT_MARKER_SUPPORT
443 /* virtual function table ******************************************************
445 The vtbl has a bidirectional layout with open ends at both sides.
446 interfacetablelength gives the number of entries of the interface table at
447 the start of the vftbl. The vftbl pointer points to &interfacetable[0].
448 vftbllength gives the number of entries of table at the end of the vftbl.
450 runtime type check (checkcast):
452 Different methods are used for runtime type check depending on the
453 argument of checkcast/instanceof.
455 A check against a class is implemented via relative numbering on the class
456 hierachy tree. The tree is numbered in a depth first traversal setting
457 the base field and the diff field. The diff field gets the result of
458 (high - base) so that a range check can be implemented by an unsigned
459 compare. A sub type test is done by checking the inclusion of base of
460 the sub class in the range of the superclass.
462 A check against an interface is implemented via the interfacevftbl. If the
463 interfacevftbl contains a nonnull value a class is a subclass of this
468 Like standard virtual methods interface methods are called using
469 virtual function tables. All interfaces are numbered sequentially
470 (starting with zero). For each class there exist an interface table
471 of virtual function tables for each implemented interface. The length
472 of the interface table is determined by the highest number of an
473 implemented interface.
475 The following example assumes a class which implements interface 0 and 3:
477 interfacetablelength = 4
480 +-----------+ | method 2 |---> method z
481 | class | | method 1 |---> method y
482 +-----------+ | method 0 |---> method x
483 | ivftbl 0 |----------> +----------+
484 vftblptr ---> +-----------+
485 | ivftbl -1 |--> NULL +----------+
486 | ivftbl -2 |--> NULL | method 1 |---> method x
487 | ivftbl -3 |-----+ | method 0 |---> method a
488 +-----------+ +----> +----------+
495 interfacevftbllength ---> +---------------+
497 *******************************************************************************/
500 methodptr *interfacetable[1]; /* interface table (access via macro) */
502 classinfo *class; /* class, the vtbl belongs to */
504 s4 vftbllength; /* virtual function table length */
505 s4 interfacetablelength; /* interface table length */
507 s4 baseval; /* base for runtime type check */
508 s4 diffval; /* high - base for runtime type check */
510 s4 *interfacevftbllength; /* length of interface vftbls */
512 methodptr table[1]; /* class vftbl */
515 #define VFTBLINTERFACETABLE(v,i) (v)->interfacetable[-i]
518 /* references to some system classes ******************************************/
520 extern classinfo *class_java_lang_Object;
521 extern classinfo *class_java_lang_String;
522 extern classinfo *class_java_lang_ClassCastException;
523 extern classinfo *class_java_lang_NullPointerException;
524 extern classinfo *class_java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException;
525 extern classinfo *class_java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException;
526 extern classinfo *class_java_lang_OutOfMemoryError;
527 extern classinfo *class_java_lang_ArithmeticException;
528 extern classinfo *class_java_lang_ArrayStoreException;
529 extern classinfo *class_java_lang_ThreadDeath;
531 extern classinfo *class_array;
534 /* instances of some system classes *******************************************/
536 extern java_objectheader *proto_java_lang_ClassCastException;
537 extern java_objectheader *proto_java_lang_NullPointerException;
538 extern java_objectheader *proto_java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException;
539 extern java_objectheader *proto_java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException;
540 extern java_objectheader *proto_java_lang_OutOfMemoryError;
541 extern java_objectheader *proto_java_lang_ArithmeticException;
542 extern java_objectheader *proto_java_lang_ArrayStoreException;
543 extern java_objectheader *proto_java_lang_ThreadDeath;
546 /* flag variables *************************************************************/
548 extern bool compileall;
549 extern bool runverbose;
553 /* statistic variables ********************************************************/
555 extern int count_class_infos;
556 extern int count_const_pool_len;
557 extern int count_vftbl_len;
558 extern int count_unicode_len;
559 extern int count_all_methods;
560 extern int count_vmcode_len;
561 extern int count_extable_len;
567 * These are local overrides for various environment variables in Emacs.
568 * Please do not remove this and leave it at the end of the file, where
569 * Emacs will automagically detect them.
570 * ---------------------------------------------------------------------
573 * indent-tabs-mode: t