Most of the atomic_ops functionality is available under Win32 with the Microsoft tools, but the build process currently is considerably more primitive than on Linux/Unix platforms. To build: 1) Go to the src directory in the distribution. 2) Make sure the Microsoft command-line tools (e.g. nmake) are available. 3) Run "nmake -f Makefile.msft". This should run some tests, which may print warnings about the types of the "Interlocked" functions. I haven't been able to make all versions of VC++ happy. If you know how to, please send a patch. 4) To compile applications, you will need to retain or copy the following pieces from the resulting src directory contents: "atomic_ops.h" - Header file defining low-level primitives. This includes files from: "atomic_ops"- Subdirectory containing implementation header files. "atomic_ops_stack.h" - Header file describing almost lock-free stack. "atomic_ops_malloc.h" - Header file describing almost lock-free malloc. "libatomic_ops_gpl.lib" - Library containing implementation of the above two. The atomic_ops.h implementation is entirely in the header files in Win32. Most clients of atomic_ops.h will need to define AO_ASSUME_WINDOWS98 before including it. Compare_and_swap is otherwise not available. Note that the library is covered by the GNU General Public License, while the top 2 of these pieces allow use in proprietary code.