GNU header update.
[cacao.git] / src / vm / loader.c
index 3864f29af0818707d2788f054e8dfc44efb89f30..0bbab113c63660d9150c9bf5441928d147fa48dd 100644 (file)
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-/* loader.c - class loader functions
+/* vm/loader.c - class loader functions
 
-   Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003
-   R. Grafl, A. Krall, C. Kruegel, C. Oates, R. Obermaisser,
-   M. Probst, S. Ring, E. Steiner, C. Thalinger, D. Thuernbeck,
-   P. Tomsich, J. Wenninger
+   Copyright (C) 1996-2005 R. Grafl, A. Krall, C. Kruegel, C. Oates,
+   R. Obermaisser, M. Platter, M. Probst, S. Ring, E. Steiner,
+   C. Thalinger, D. Thuernbeck, P. Tomsich, C. Ullrich, J. Wenninger,
+   Institut f. Computersprachen - TU Wien
 
    This file is part of CACAO.
 
    Contact: cacao@complang.tuwien.ac.at
 
    Authors: Reinhard Grafl
+
    Changes: Andreas Krall
             Roman Obermaiser
             Mark Probst
-                       Edwin Steiner
+            Edwin Steiner
+            Christian Thalinger
 
-   $Id: loader.c 1110 2004-05-28 21:45:51Z jowenn $
+   $Id: loader.c 1735 2004-12-07 14:33:27Z twisti $
 
 */
 
 #include <string.h>
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include "global.h"
-#include "loader.h"
-#include "main.h"
-#include "native.h"
-#include "tables.h"
-#include "builtin.h"
-#include "jit.h"
-#include "asmpart.h"
-#include "toolbox/memory.h"
+
+#include "mm/memory.h"
+#include "native/native.h"
+#include "native/include/java_lang_Throwable.h"
+
+#if defined(USE_THREADS)
+# if defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+#  include "threads/native/threads.h"
+# else
+#  include "threads/green/threads.h"
+#  include "threads/green/locks.h"
+# endif
+#endif
+
 #include "toolbox/logging.h"
-#include "threads/thread.h"
-#include "threads/locks.h"
-#include "nat/java_lang_Throwable.h"
+#include "vm/exceptions.h"
+#include "vm/builtin.h"
+#include "vm/global.h"
+#include "vm/loader.h"
+#include "vm/options.h"
+#include "vm/statistics.h"
+#include "vm/tables.h"
 
-#ifdef USE_ZLIB
-#include "unzip.h"
+#if defined(USE_ZLIB)
+# include "vm/unzip.h"
 #endif
 
+#include "vm/jit/asmpart.h"
+#include "vm/jit/jit.h"
+
+
 #undef JOWENN_DEBUG
 #undef JOWENN_DEBUG1
 #undef JOWENN_DEBUG2
 
 /* global variables ***********************************************************/
 
-int count_class_infos = 0;      /* variables for measurements                 */
-int count_const_pool_len = 0;
-int count_vftbl_len = 0;
-int count_all_methods = 0;
-int count_vmcode_len = 0;
-int count_extable_len = 0;
-int count_class_loads = 0;
-int count_class_inits = 0;
-
 static s4 interfaceindex;       /* sequential numbering of interfaces         */
 static s4 classvalue;
 
@@ -96,6 +102,8 @@ static utf *utf_initialize;
 static utf *utf_initializedesc;
 static utf *utf_java_lang_Object;   /* java/lang/Object                       */
 
+utf *utf_fillInStackTrace_name;
+utf *utf_fillInStackTrace_desc;
 
 utf* clinit_desc(){
        return utf_fidesc;
@@ -116,7 +124,7 @@ classinfo *class_java_io_Serializable;
 classinfo *pseudo_class_Arraystub = NULL;
 classinfo *pseudo_class_Null = NULL;
 classinfo *pseudo_class_New = NULL;
-vftbl *pseudo_class_Arraystub_vftbl = NULL;
+vftbl_t *pseudo_class_Arraystub_vftbl = NULL;
 
 utf *array_packagename = NULL;
 
@@ -125,7 +133,8 @@ utf *array_packagename = NULL;
    list of classpath entries (either filesystem directories or 
    ZIP/JAR archives
 ********************************************************************/
-static classpath_info *classpath_entries=0;
+
+static classpath_info *classpath_entries = NULL;
 
 
 /******************************************************************************
@@ -152,11 +161,6 @@ primitivetypeinfo primitivetype_table[PRIMITIVETYPE_COUNT] = {
 };
 
 
-/* instances of important system classes **************************************/
-
-java_objectheader *proto_java_lang_NullPointerException;
-
-
 /************* functions for reading classdata *********************************
 
     getting classdata in blocks of variable size
@@ -164,49 +168,53 @@ java_objectheader *proto_java_lang_NullPointerException;
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static char *classpath    = "";     /* searchpath for classfiles              */
+/* check_classbuffer_size ******************************************************
+
+   assert that at least <len> bytes are left to read
+   <len> is limited to the range of non-negative s4 values
+
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+static inline bool check_classbuffer_size(classbuffer *cb, s4 len)
+{
+       if (len < 0 || ((cb->data + cb->size) - cb->pos - 1) < len) {
+               *exceptionptr =
+                       new_classformaterror((cb)->class, "Truncated class file");
+
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       return true;
+}
+
 
+/* suck_nbytes *****************************************************************
 
-/* assert that at least <len> bytes are left to read                          */
-/* <len> is limited to the range of non-negative s4 values                    */
+   transfer block of classfile data into a buffer
 
-#define ASSERT_LEFT(cb, len) \
-    do { \
-        if (((s4) (len)) < 0 || \
-            (((cb)->data + (cb)->size) - (cb)->pos - 1) < (len)) { \
-            char message[MAXLOGTEXT]; \
-            utf_sprint_classname(message, (cb)->class->name); \
-            sprintf(message + strlen(message), " (Truncated class file)"); \
-            *exceptionptr = \
-                new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError, \
-                                      message); \
-            throw_exception_exit(); \
-        } \
-    } while (0)
+*******************************************************************************/
 
+inline void suck_nbytes(u1 *buffer, classbuffer *cb, s4 len)
+{
+       memcpy(buffer, cb->pos + 1, len);
+       cb->pos += len;
+}
 
-/* transfer block of classfile data into a buffer */
 
-#define suck_nbytes(buffer, cb, len) \
-    do { \
-        ASSERT_LEFT((cb), (len)); \
-        memcpy((buffer), (cb)->pos + 1, (len)); \
-        (cb)->pos += (len); \
-    } while (0)
+/* skip_nbytes ****************************************************************
 
+   skip block of classfile data
 
-/* skip block of classfile data */
+*******************************************************************************/
 
-#define skip_nbytes(cb, len) \
-    do { \
-        ASSERT_LEFT((cb), (len)); \
-        (cb)->pos += (len); \
-    } while (0)
+inline void skip_nbytes(classbuffer *cb, s4 len)
+{
+       cb->pos += len;
+}
 
 
 inline u1 suck_u1(classbuffer *cb)
 {
-       ASSERT_LEFT(cb, 1);
        return *++(cb->pos);
 }
 
@@ -228,11 +236,6 @@ inline u4 suck_u4(classbuffer *cb)
        return ((u4) a << 24) + ((u4) b << 16) + ((u4) c << 8) + (u4) d;
 }
 
-#define suck_s8(a) (s8) suck_u8((a))
-#define suck_s2(a) (s2) suck_u2((a))
-#define suck_s4(a) (s4) suck_u4((a))
-#define suck_s1(a) (s1) suck_u1((a))
-
 
 /* get u8 from classfile data */
 static u8 suck_u8(classbuffer *cb)
@@ -251,6 +254,12 @@ static u8 suck_u8(classbuffer *cb)
 }
 
 
+#define suck_s8(a) (s8) suck_u8((a))
+#define suck_s2(a) (s2) suck_u2((a))
+#define suck_s4(a) (s4) suck_u4((a))
+#define suck_s1(a) (s1) suck_u1((a))
+
+
 /* get float from classfile data */
 static float suck_float(classbuffer *cb)
 {
@@ -264,14 +273,13 @@ static float suck_float(classbuffer *cb)
                buffer[3 - i] = suck_u1(cb);
 
        memcpy((u1*) (&f), buffer, 4);
-#else 
+#else
        suck_nbytes((u1*) (&f), cb, 4);
 #endif
 
        if (sizeof(float) != 4) {
-               *exceptionptr =
-                       new_exception_message(string_java_lang_InternalError,
-                                                                 "Incompatible float-format");
+               *exceptionptr = new_exception_message(string_java_lang_InternalError,
+                                                                                         "Incompatible float-format");
 
                /* XXX should we exit in such a case? */
                throw_exception_exit();
@@ -299,9 +307,8 @@ static double suck_double(classbuffer *cb)
 #endif
 
        if (sizeof(double) != 8) {
-               *exceptionptr =
-                       new_exception_message(string_java_lang_InternalError,
-                                                                 "Incompatible double-format");
+               *exceptionptr = new_exception_message(string_java_lang_InternalError,
+                                                                                         "Incompatible double-format");
 
                /* XXX should we exit in such a case? */
                throw_exception_exit();
@@ -317,97 +324,94 @@ static double suck_double(classbuffer *cb)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-void suck_init(char *cpath)
+void suck_init(char *classpath)
 {
-       char *filename=0;
        char *start;
        char *end;
-       int isZip;
-       int filenamelen;
-       union classpath_info *tmp;
-       union classpath_info *insertAfter=0;
+       char *filename;
+       s4 filenamelen;
+       bool is_zip;
+       classpath_info *cpi;
+       classpath_info *lastcpi;
 
-       if (!cpath)
+       if (!classpath)
                return;
 
-       classpath = cpath;
-       
-       if (classpath_entries)
-               panic("suck_init should be called only once");
-
        for (start = classpath; (*start) != '\0';) {
+
+               /* search for ':' delimiter to get the end of the current entry */
                for (end = start; ((*end) != '\0') && ((*end) != ':'); end++);
 
                if (start != end) {
-                       isZip = 0;
+                       is_zip = false;
                        filenamelen = end - start;
 
-                       if (filenamelen>3) {
+                       if (filenamelen > 3) {
                                if (strncasecmp(end - 3, "zip", 3) == 0 ||
                                        strncasecmp(end - 3, "jar", 3) == 0) {
-                                       isZip = 1;
+                                       is_zip = true;
                                }
                        }
 
-                       if (filenamelen >= (CLASSPATH_MAXFILENAME - 1))
-                               panic("path length >= MAXFILENAME in suck_init");
-
-                       if (!filename)
-                               filename = MNEW(char*, CLASSPATH_MAXFILENAME);
+                       /* allocate memory for filename and fill it */
 
+                       filename = MNEW(char, filenamelen + 2);  /* 2 = "/\0" */
                        strncpy(filename, start, filenamelen);
                        filename[filenamelen + 1] = '\0';
-                       tmp = 0;
+                       cpi = NULL;
 
-                       if (isZip) {
-#ifdef USE_ZLIB
+                       if (is_zip) {
+#if defined(USE_ZLIB)
                                unzFile uf = unzOpen(filename);
 
                                if (uf) {
-                                       tmp = (union classpath_info *) NEW(classpath_info);
-                                       tmp->archive.type = CLASSPATH_ARCHIVE;
-                                       tmp->archive.uf = uf;
-                                       tmp->archive.next = 0;
-                                       filename = 0;
+                                       cpi = (union classpath_info *) NEW(classpath_info);
+                                       cpi->archive.type = CLASSPATH_ARCHIVE;
+                                       cpi->archive.uf = uf;
+                                       cpi->archive.next = NULL;
                                }
 #else
-                               panic("Zip/JAR not supported");
+                               throw_cacao_exception_exit(string_java_lang_InternalError,
+                                                                                  "zip/jar files not supported");
 #endif
                                
                        } else {
-                               tmp = (union classpath_info *) NEW(classpath_info);
-                               tmp->filepath.type = CLASSPATH_PATH;
-                               tmp->filepath.next = 0;
+                               cpi = (union classpath_info *) NEW(classpath_info);
+                               cpi->filepath.type = CLASSPATH_PATH;
+                               cpi->filepath.next = NULL;
 
                                if (filename[filenamelen - 1] != '/') {/*PERHAPS THIS SHOULD BE READ FROM A GLOBAL CONFIGURATION */
                                        filename[filenamelen] = '/';
                                        filename[filenamelen + 1] = '\0';
                                        filenamelen++;
                                }
-                       
-                               tmp->filepath.filename = filename;
-                               tmp->filepath.pathlen = filenamelen;                            
-                               filename = 0;
+
+                               cpi->filepath.path = filename;
+                               cpi->filepath.pathlen = filenamelen;
                        }
 
-                       if (tmp) {
-                               if (insertAfter) {
-                                       insertAfter->filepath.next = tmp;
+                       /* attach current classpath entry */
+
+                       if (cpi) {
+                               if (!classpath_entries) {
+                                       classpath_entries = cpi;
 
                                } else {
-                                       classpath_entries = tmp;
+                                       lastcpi->filepath.next = cpi;
                                }
-                               insertAfter = tmp;
+
+                               lastcpi = cpi;
                        }
                }
 
-               if ((*end) == ':')
+               /* goto next classpath entry, skip ':' delimiter */
+
+               if ((*end) == ':') {
                        start = end + 1;
-               else
+
+               } else {
                        start = end;
-       
-               if (filename)
-                       MFREE(filename, char*, CLASSPATH_MAXFILENAME);
+               }
        }
 }
 
@@ -418,7 +422,6 @@ void create_all_classes()
 
        for (cpi = classpath_entries; cpi != 0; cpi = cpi->filepath.next) {
 #if defined(USE_ZLIB)
-               unz_file_info file_info;
                if (cpi->filepath.type == CLASSPATH_ARCHIVE) {
                        cacao_entry_s *ce;
                        unz_s *s;
@@ -451,16 +454,19 @@ void create_all_classes()
 
 classbuffer *suck_start(classinfo *c)
 {
-       classpath_info *currPos;
-       char *utf_ptr;
-       char ch;
-       char filename[CLASSPATH_MAXFILENAME+10];  /* room for '.class'            */
-       int  filenamelen=0;
+       classpath_info *cpi;
+/*     char *utf_ptr; */
+/*     char ch; */
+       char *filename;
+       s4    filenamelen;
+       char *path;
        FILE *classfile;
-       int  err;
+       bool found;
+       s4 len;
        struct stat buffer;
        classbuffer *cb;
 
+#if 0
        utf_ptr = c->name->text;
 
        while (utf_ptr < utf_end(c->name)) {
@@ -478,73 +484,101 @@ classbuffer *suck_start(classinfo *c)
                        ch = '?';
                filename[filenamelen++] = ch;
        }
+#endif
+
+       /* initialize return value */
 
-       strcpy(filename + filenamelen, ".class");
-       filenamelen += 6;
+       found = false;
+       cb = NULL;
 
-       for (currPos = classpath_entries; currPos != 0; currPos = currPos->filepath.next) {
-#ifdef USE_ZLIB
-               if (currPos->filepath.type == CLASSPATH_ARCHIVE) {
-                       if (cacao_locate(currPos->archive.uf, c->name) == UNZ_OK) {
+       filenamelen = utf_strlen(c->name) + 7;  /* 7 = ".class\0" */
+       filename = MNEW(char, filenamelen);
+
+       utf_sprint(filename, c->name);
+       strcat(filename, ".class");
+
+       /* walk through all classpath entries */
+
+       for (cpi = classpath_entries; cpi != NULL && cb == NULL; cpi = cpi->filepath.next) {
+#if defined(USE_ZLIB)
+               if (cpi->filepath.type == CLASSPATH_ARCHIVE) {
+                       if (cacao_locate(cpi->archive.uf, c->name) == UNZ_OK) {
                                unz_file_info file_info;
-                               /*log_text("Class found in zip file");*/
-                               if (unzGetCurrentFileInfo(currPos->archive.uf, &file_info, filename,
-                                               sizeof(filename), NULL, 0, NULL, 0) == UNZ_OK) {
-                                       if (unzOpenCurrentFile(currPos->archive.uf) == UNZ_OK) {
+
+                               if (unzGetCurrentFileInfo(cpi->archive.uf, &file_info, filename,
+                                                                                 sizeof(filename), NULL, 0, NULL, 0) == UNZ_OK) {
+                                       if (unzOpenCurrentFile(cpi->archive.uf) == UNZ_OK) {
                                                cb = NEW(classbuffer);
                                                cb->class = c;
                                                cb->size = file_info.uncompressed_size;
                                                cb->data = MNEW(u1, cb->size);
                                                cb->pos = cb->data - 1;
-                                               /*printf("classfile size: %d\n",file_info.uncompressed_size);*/
-                                               if (unzReadCurrentFile(currPos->archive.uf, cb->data, cb->size) == cb->size) {
-                                                       unzCloseCurrentFile(currPos->archive.uf);
-                                                       return cb;
 
-                                               } else {
-                                                       MFREE(cb->data, u1, cb->size);
-                                                       FREE(cb, classbuffer);
+                                               len = unzReadCurrentFile(cpi->archive.uf, cb->data, cb->size);
+
+                                               if (len != cb->size) {
+                                                       suck_stop(cb);
                                                        log_text("Error while unzipping");
+
+                                               } else {
+                                                       found = true;
                                                }
-                                       } else log_text("Error while opening file in archive");
-                               } else log_text("Error while retrieving fileinfo");
+
+                                       } else {
+                                               log_text("Error while opening file in archive");
+                                       }
+
+                               } else {
+                                       log_text("Error while retrieving fileinfo");
+                               }
                        }
-                       unzCloseCurrentFile(currPos->archive.uf);
+                       unzCloseCurrentFile(cpi->archive.uf);
 
                } else {
-#endif
-                       if ((currPos->filepath.pathlen + filenamelen) >= CLASSPATH_MAXFILENAME) continue;
-                       strcpy(currPos->filepath.filename + currPos->filepath.pathlen, filename);
-                       classfile = fopen(currPos->filepath.filename, "r");
-                       if (classfile) {                                       /* file exists */
-
-                               /* determine size of classfile */
+#endif /* USE_ZLIB */
+                       
+                       path = MNEW(char, cpi->filepath.pathlen + filenamelen + 1);
+                       strcpy(path, cpi->filepath.path);
+                       strcat(path, filename);
 
-                               /* dolog("File: %s",filename); */
-                               err = stat(currPos->filepath.filename, &buffer);
+                       classfile = fopen(path, "r");
 
-                               if (!err) {                            /* read classfile data */
+                       if (classfile) {                                   /* file exists */
+                               if (!stat(path, &buffer)) {            /* read classfile data */
                                        cb = NEW(classbuffer);
                                        cb->class = c;
                                        cb->size = buffer.st_size;
                                        cb->data = MNEW(u1, cb->size);
                                        cb->pos = cb->data - 1;
-                                       fread(cb->data, 1, cb->size, classfile);
-                                       fclose(classfile);
 
-                                       return cb;
+                                       /* read class data */
+                                       len = fread(cb->data, 1, cb->size, classfile);
+
+                                       if (len != buffer.st_size) {
+                                               suck_stop(cb);
+/*                                             if (ferror(classfile)) { */
+/*                                             } */
+
+                                       } else {
+                                               found = true;
+                                       }
                                }
                        }
-#ifdef USE_ZLIB
+
+                       MFREE(path, char, cpi->filepath.pathlen + filenamelen + 1);
+#if defined(USE_ZLIB)
                }
 #endif
        }
 
-       if (verbose) {
-               dolog("Warning: Can not open class file '%s'", filename);
+       if (opt_verbose) {
+               if (!found)
+                       dolog("Warning: Can not open class file '%s'", filename);
        }
 
-       return NULL;
+       MFREE(filename, char, filenamelen);
+
+       return cb;
 }
 
 
@@ -603,47 +637,76 @@ void printflags(u2 f)
 }
 
 
-/************************* Function: skipattribute *****************************
-
-       skips a (1) 'attribute' structure in the class file
+/********************** Function: skipattributebody ****************************
 
+       skips an attribute after the 16 bit reference to attribute_name has already
+       been read
+       
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void skipattribute(classbuffer *cb)
+static bool skipattributebody(classbuffer *cb)
 {
        u4 len;
-       suck_u2(cb);
+
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 4))
+               return false;
+
        len = suck_u4(cb);
+
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, len))
+               return false;
+
        skip_nbytes(cb, len);
+
+       return true;
 }
 
 
-/********************** Function: skipattributebody ****************************
+/************************* Function: skipattributes ****************************
 
-       skips an attribute after the 16 bit reference to attribute_name has already
-       been read
+       skips num attribute structures
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void skipattributebody(classbuffer *cb)
+static bool skipattributes(classbuffer *cb, u4 num)
 {
+       u4 i;
        u4 len;
-       len = suck_u4(cb);
-       skip_nbytes(cb, len);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+               if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2 + 4))
+                       return false;
+
+               suck_u2(cb);
+               len = suck_u4(cb);
+
+               if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, len))
+                       return false;
+
+               skip_nbytes(cb, len);
+       }
+
+       return true;
 }
 
 
-/************************* Function: skipattributes ****************************
+/******************** function:: class_getconstant *****************************
+
+       retrieves the value at position 'pos' of the constantpool of a class
+       if the type of the value is other than 'ctype' the system is stopped
 
-       skips num attribute structures
-       
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void skipattributes(classbuffer *cb, u4 num)
+voidptr class_getconstant(classinfo *c, u4 pos, u4 ctype)
 {
-       u4 i;
-       for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
-               skipattribute(cb);
+       /* check index and type of constantpool entry */
+       /* (pos == 0 is caught by type comparison) */
+       if (pos >= c->cpcount || c->cptags[pos] != ctype) {
+               *exceptionptr = new_classformaterror(c, "Illegal constant pool index");
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       return c->cpinfos[pos];
 }
 
 
@@ -653,11 +716,13 @@ static void skipattributes(classbuffer *cb, u4 num)
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-voidptr innerclass_getconstant(classinfo *c, u4 pos, u4 ctype) 
+voidptr innerclass_getconstant(classinfo *c, u4 pos, u4 ctype)
 {
        /* invalid position in constantpool */
-       if (pos >= c->cpcount)
-               panic("Attempt to access constant outside range");
+       if (pos >= c->cpcount) {
+               *exceptionptr = new_classformaterror(c, "Illegal constant pool index");
+               return NULL;
+       }
 
        /* constantpool entry of type 0 */      
        if (!c->cptags[pos])
@@ -665,63 +730,118 @@ voidptr innerclass_getconstant(classinfo *c, u4 pos, u4 ctype)
 
        /* check type of constantpool entry */
        if (c->cptags[pos] != ctype) {
-               error("Type mismatch on constant: %d requested, %d here (innerclass_getconstant)",
-                         (int) ctype, (int) c->cptags[pos] );
+               *exceptionptr = new_classformaterror(c, "Illegal constant pool index");
+               return NULL;
        }
                
        return c->cpinfos[pos];
 }
 
 
+/********************* Function: class_constanttype ****************************
+
+       Determines the type of a class entry in the ConstantPool
+       
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+u4 class_constanttype(classinfo *c, u4 pos)
+{
+       if (pos <= 0 || pos >= c->cpcount) {
+               *exceptionptr = new_classformaterror(c, "Illegal constant pool index");
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       return c->cptags[pos];
+}
+
+
 /************************ function: attribute_load ****************************
 
     read attributes from classfile
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void attribute_load(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c, u4 num)
+static bool attribute_load(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c, u4 num)
 {
+       utf *aname;
        u4 i, j;
 
        for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
                /* retrieve attribute name */
-               utf *aname = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8);
+               if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+                       return false;
+
+               if (!(aname = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8)))
+                       return false;
 
                if (aname == utf_innerclasses) {
                        /* innerclasses attribute */
-
-                       if (c->innerclass != NULL)
-                               panic("Class has more than one InnerClasses attribute");
+                       if (c->innerclass) {
+                               *exceptionptr =
+                                       new_classformaterror(c, "Multiple InnerClasses attributes");
+                               return false;
+                       }
                                
-                       /* skip attribute length */                                             
-                       suck_u4(cb); 
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 4 + 2))
+                               return false;
+
+                       /* skip attribute length */
+                       suck_u4(cb);
+
                        /* number of records */
                        c->innerclasscount = suck_u2(cb);
+
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, (2 + 2 + 2 + 2) * c->innerclasscount))
+                               return false;
+
                        /* allocate memory for innerclass structure */
                        c->innerclass = MNEW(innerclassinfo, c->innerclasscount);
 
                        for (j = 0; j < c->innerclasscount; j++) {
-                               /*  The innerclass structure contains a class with an encoded name, 
-                                   its defining scope, its simple name  and a bitmask of the access flags. 
-                                   If an inner class is not a member, its outer_class is NULL, 
-                                   if a class is anonymous, its name is NULL.                              */
+                               /* The innerclass structure contains a class with an encoded
+                                  name, its defining scope, its simple name and a bitmask of
+                                  the access flags. If an inner class is not a member, its
+                                  outer_class is NULL, if a class is anonymous, its name is
+                                  NULL. */
                                                                
                                innerclassinfo *info = c->innerclass + j;
 
-                               info->inner_class = innerclass_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Class); /* CONSTANT_Class_info index */
-                               info->outer_class = innerclass_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Class); /* CONSTANT_Class_info index */
-                               info->name  = innerclass_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8);        /* CONSTANT_Utf8_info index  */
-                               info->flags = suck_u2(cb);                                                /* access_flags bitmask      */
+                               info->inner_class =
+                                       innerclass_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Class);
+                               info->outer_class =
+                                       innerclass_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Class);
+                               info->name =
+                                       innerclass_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8);
+                               info->flags = suck_u2(cb);
                        }
-               } else if (aname==utf_sourcefile) {
-                       suck_u4(cb);
-                       /*log_text("source file attribute found");*/
-                       c->sourcefile = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8);
+
+               } else if (aname == utf_sourcefile) {
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 4 + 2))
+                               return false;
+
+                       if (suck_u4(cb) != 2) {
+                               *exceptionptr =
+                                       new_classformaterror(c, "Wrong size for VALUE attribute");
+                               return false;
+                       }
+
+                       if (c->sourcefile) {
+                               *exceptionptr =
+                                       new_classformaterror(c, "Multiple SourceFile attributes");
+                               return false;
+                       }
+
+                       if (!(c->sourcefile = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8)))
+                               return false;
+
                } else {
                        /* unknown attribute */
-                       skipattributebody(cb);
+                       if (!skipattributebody(cb))
+                               return false;
                }
        }
+
+       return true;
 }
 
 
@@ -784,14 +904,18 @@ static void checkfielddescriptor (char *utf_ptr, char *end_pos)
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static int checkmethoddescriptor (utf *d)
+static int checkmethoddescriptor(classinfo *c, utf *descriptor)
 {
-       char *utf_ptr = d->text;     /* current position in utf text   */
-       char *end_pos = utf_end(d);  /* points behind utf string       */
-       int argcount = 0;            /* number of arguments            */
+       char *utf_ptr;                      /* current position in utf text       */
+       char *end_pos;                      /* points behind utf string           */
+       s4 argcount = 0;                    /* number of arguments                */
+
+       utf_ptr = descriptor->text;
+       end_pos = utf_end(descriptor);
 
        /* method descriptor must start with parenthesis */
-       if (utf_ptr == end_pos || *utf_ptr++ != '(') panic ("Missing '(' in method descriptor");
+       if (utf_ptr == end_pos || *utf_ptr++ != '(')
+               panic ("Missing '(' in method descriptor");
 
     /* check arguments */
     while (utf_ptr != end_pos && *utf_ptr != ')') {
@@ -807,16 +931,24 @@ static int checkmethoddescriptor (utf *d)
                                                          | CLASSLOAD_NOVOID);
        }
 
-       if (utf_ptr == end_pos) panic("Missing ')' in method descriptor");
+       if (utf_ptr == end_pos)
+               panic("Missing ')' in method descriptor");
+
     utf_ptr++; /* skip ')' */
 
-       class_from_descriptor(utf_ptr,end_pos,NULL,
-                                                 CLASSLOAD_NEW
-                                                 | CLASSLOAD_NULLPRIMITIVE
-                                                 | CLASSLOAD_CHECKEND);
+       class_from_descriptor(utf_ptr,
+                                                 end_pos,
+                                                 NULL,
+                                                 CLASSLOAD_NEW |
+                                                 CLASSLOAD_NULLPRIMITIVE |
+                                                 CLASSLOAD_CHECKEND);
+
+       if (argcount > 255) {
+               *exceptionptr =
+                       new_classformaterror(c, "Too many arguments in signature");
 
-       if (argcount > 255)
-               panic("Invalid method descriptor: too many arguments");
+               return 0;
+       }
 
        return argcount;
 
@@ -903,59 +1035,79 @@ void print_arraydescriptor(FILE *file, arraydescriptor *desc)
 /******************************************************************************/
 
 
-/************************ Function: field_load *********************************
+/* field_load ******************************************************************
 
-       Load everything about a class field from the class file and fill a
-       'fieldinfo' structure. For static fields, space in the data segment is
-       allocated.
+   Load everything about a class field from the class file and fill a
+   'fieldinfo' structure. For static fields, space in the data segment is
+   allocated.
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
 #define field_load_NOVALUE  0xffffffff /* must be bigger than any u2 value! */
 
-static fieldinfo *field_load(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c, fieldinfo *f)
+static bool field_load(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c, fieldinfo *f)
 {
-       u4 attrnum,i;
+       u4 attrnum, i;
        u4 jtype;
-       u4 pindex = field_load_NOVALUE;                               /* constantvalue_index */
+       u4 pindex = field_load_NOVALUE;     /* constantvalue_index */
+       utf *u;
+
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2 + 2 + 2))
+               return false;
+
+       f->flags = suck_u2(cb);
+
+       if (!(u = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8)))
+               return false;
+       f->name = u;
+
+       if (!(u = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8)))
+               return false;
+       f->descriptor = u;
 
-       f->flags = suck_u2(cb);                                           /* ACC flags         */
-       f->name = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8);       /* name of field     */
-       f->descriptor = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8); /* JavaVM descriptor */
-       
        if (opt_verify) {
                /* check name */
                if (!is_valid_name_utf(f->name) || f->name->text[0] == '<')
                        panic("Field with invalid name");
                
                /* check flag consistency */
-               i = (f->flags & (ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_PROTECTED));
-               if (i != 0 && i != ACC_PUBLIC && i != ACC_PRIVATE && i != ACC_PROTECTED)
-                       panic("Field has invalid access flags");
-               if ((f->flags & (ACC_FINAL | ACC_VOLATILE)) == (ACC_FINAL | ACC_VOLATILE))
-                       panic("Field is declared final and volatile");
-               if ((c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) != 0) {
-                       if ((f->flags & (ACC_STATIC | ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_FINAL))
-                               != (ACC_STATIC | ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_FINAL))
-                               panic("Interface field is not declared static final public");
-                       if ((f->flags & ACC_TRANSIENT) != 0)
-                               panic("Interface field declared transient");
+               i = f->flags & (ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_PROTECTED);
+
+               if ((i != 0 && i != ACC_PUBLIC && i != ACC_PRIVATE && i != ACC_PROTECTED) ||
+                       ((f->flags & (ACC_FINAL | ACC_VOLATILE)) == (ACC_FINAL | ACC_VOLATILE))) {
+                       *exceptionptr =
+                               new_classformaterror(c,
+                                                                        "Illegal field modifiers: 0x%X",
+                                                                        f->flags);
+                       return false;
+               }
+
+               if (c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) {
+                       if (((f->flags & (ACC_STATIC | ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_FINAL))
+                               != (ACC_STATIC | ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_FINAL)) ||
+                               f->flags & ACC_TRANSIENT) {
+                               *exceptionptr =
+                                       new_classformaterror(c,
+                                                                                "Illegal field modifiers: 0x%X",
+                                                                                f->flags);
+                               return false;
+                       }
                }
 
                /* check descriptor */
-               checkfielddescriptor(f->descriptor->text,utf_end(f->descriptor));
+               checkfielddescriptor(f->descriptor->text, utf_end(f->descriptor));
        }
                
-       f->type = jtype = desc_to_type(f->descriptor);                      /* data type         */
-       f->offset = 0;                                                            /* offset from start of object */
+       f->type = jtype = desc_to_type(f->descriptor);    /* data type            */
+       f->offset = 0;                             /* offset from start of object */
        f->class = c;
        f->xta = NULL;
        
        switch (f->type) {
-       case TYPE_INT:        f->value.i = 0; break;
-       case TYPE_FLOAT:      f->value.f = 0.0; break;
-       case TYPE_DOUBLE:     f->value.d = 0.0; break;
-       case TYPE_ADDRESS:    f->value.a = NULL; break;
+       case TYPE_INT:     f->value.i = 0; break;
+       case TYPE_FLOAT:   f->value.f = 0.0; break;
+       case TYPE_DOUBLE:  f->value.d = 0.0; break;
+       case TYPE_ADDRESS: f->value.a = NULL; break;
        case TYPE_LONG:
 #if U8_AVAILABLE
                f->value.l = 0; break;
@@ -965,25 +1117,35 @@ static fieldinfo *field_load(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c, fieldinfo *f)
        }
 
        /* read attributes */
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+               return false;
+
        attrnum = suck_u2(cb);
        for (i = 0; i < attrnum; i++) {
-               utf *aname;
+               if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+                       return false;
 
-               aname = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8);
-               
-               if (aname != utf_constantvalue) {
-                       /* unknown attribute */
-                       skipattributebody(cb);
+               if (!(u = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8)))
+                       return false;
 
-               } else {
-                       /* constant value attribute */
+               if (u == utf_constantvalue) {
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 4 + 2))
+                               return false;
 
-                       if (pindex != field_load_NOVALUE)
-                               panic("Field has more than one ConstantValue attribute");
-                       
                        /* check attribute length */
-                       if (suck_u4(cb) != 2)
-                               panic("ConstantValue attribute has invalid length");
+                       if (suck_u4(cb) != 2) {
+                               *exceptionptr =
+                                       new_classformaterror(c, "Wrong size for VALUE attribute");
+                               return false;
+                       }
+                       
+                       /* constant value attribute */
+                       if (pindex != field_load_NOVALUE) {
+                               *exceptionptr =
+                                       new_classformaterror(c,
+                                                                                "Multiple ConstantValue attributes");
+                               return false;
+                       }
                        
                        /* index of value in constantpool */            
                        pindex = suck_u2(cb);
@@ -991,49 +1153,67 @@ static fieldinfo *field_load(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c, fieldinfo *f)
                        /* initialize field with value from constantpool */             
                        switch (jtype) {
                        case TYPE_INT: {
-                               constant_integer *ci = 
-                                       class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Integer);
+                               constant_integer *ci; 
+
+                               if (!(ci = class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Integer)))
+                                       return false;
+
                                f->value.i = ci->value;
                        }
                        break;
                                        
                        case TYPE_LONG: {
-                               constant_long *cl = 
-                                       class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Long);
+                               constant_long *cl; 
+
+                               if (!(cl = class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Long)))
+                                       return false;
+
                                f->value.l = cl->value;
                        }
                        break;
 
                        case TYPE_FLOAT: {
-                               constant_float *cf = 
-                                       class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Float);
+                               constant_float *cf;
+
+                               if (!(cf = class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Float)))
+                                       return false;
+
                                f->value.f = cf->value;
                        }
                        break;
                                                                                        
                        case TYPE_DOUBLE: {
-                               constant_double *cd = 
-                                       class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Double);
+                               constant_double *cd;
+
+                               if (!(cd = class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Double)))
+                                       return false;
+
                                f->value.d = cd->value;
                        }
                        break;
                                                
-                       case TYPE_ADDRESS: { 
-                               utf *u = class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_String);
-                               /* create javastring from compressed utf8-string */                                     
+                       case TYPE_ADDRESS:
+                               if (!(u = class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_String)))
+                                       return false;
+
+                               /* create javastring from compressed utf8-string */
                                f->value.a = literalstring_new(u);
-                       }
-                       break;
+                               break;
        
                        default: 
-                               log_text ("Invalid Constant - Type");
+                               log_text("Invalid Constant - Type");
                        }
+
+               } else {
+                       /* unknown attribute */
+                       if (!skipattributebody(cb))
+                               return false;
                }
        }
 
-       /* just return fieldinfo* to signal everything was ok */
+       /* everything was ok */
 
-       return f;
+       return true;
 }
 
 
@@ -1064,20 +1244,26 @@ void field_display(fieldinfo *f)
 /******************************************************************************/
 
 
-/*********************** Function: method_load *********************************
+/* method_load *****************************************************************
 
-       Loads a method from the class file and fills an existing 'methodinfo'
-       structure. For native methods, the function pointer field is set to the
-       real function pointer, for JavaVM methods a pointer to the compiler is used
-       preliminarily.
+   Loads a method from the class file and fills an existing 'methodinfo'
+   structure. For native methods, the function pointer field is set to the
+   real function pointer, for JavaVM methods a pointer to the compiler is used
+   preliminarily.
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static methodinfo *method_load(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c, methodinfo *m)
+static bool method_load(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c, methodinfo *m)
 {
-       u4 attrnum, i, e;
        s4 argcount;
-       char msg[MAXLOGTEXT];              /* maybe we get an exception           */
+       s4 i, j;
+       u4 attrnum;
+       u4 codeattrnum;
+       utf *u;
+
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       initObjectLock(&m->header);
+#endif
 
 #ifdef STATISTICS
        if (opt_stat)
@@ -1088,66 +1274,95 @@ static methodinfo *method_load(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c, methodinfo *m)
        m->linenumbercount = 0;
        m->linenumbers = 0;
        m->class = c;
+       m->nativelyoverloaded = false;
        
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2 + 2 + 2))
+               return false;
+
        m->flags = suck_u2(cb);
-       m->name = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8);
+
+       if (!(u = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8)))
+               return false;
+       m->name = u;
+
+       if (!(u = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8)))
+               return false;
+       m->descriptor = u;
 
        if (opt_verify) {
                if (!is_valid_name_utf(m->name))
                        panic("Method with invalid name");
+
                if (m->name->text[0] == '<'
                        && m->name != utf_init && m->name != utf_clinit)
                        panic("Method with invalid special name");
        }
        
-       m->descriptor = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8);
-       argcount = checkmethoddescriptor(m->descriptor);
+       argcount = checkmethoddescriptor(c, m->descriptor);
+
        if (!(m->flags & ACC_STATIC))
                argcount++; /* count the 'this' argument */
 
        if (opt_verify) {
-               if (argcount > 255)
-                       panic("Too many arguments in signature");
+               if (argcount > 255) {
+                       *exceptionptr =
+                               new_classformaterror(c, "Too many arguments in signature");
+                       return false;
+               }
 
                /* check flag consistency */
                if (m->name != utf_clinit) {
                        i = (m->flags & (ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_PROTECTED));
-                       if (i != 0 && i != ACC_PUBLIC && i != ACC_PRIVATE && i != ACC_PROTECTED)
-                               panic("Method has invalid access flags");
 
-                       if ((m->flags & ACC_ABSTRACT) != 0) {
+                       if (i != 0 && i != ACC_PUBLIC && i != ACC_PRIVATE && i != ACC_PROTECTED) {
+                               *exceptionptr =
+                                       new_classformaterror(c,
+                                                                                "Illegal method modifiers: 0x%X",
+                                                                                m->flags);
+                               return false;
+                       }
+
+                       if (m->flags & ACC_ABSTRACT) {
                                if ((m->flags & (ACC_FINAL | ACC_NATIVE | ACC_PRIVATE |
                                                                 ACC_STATIC | ACC_STRICT | ACC_SYNCHRONIZED))) {
-                                       utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
-                                       sprintf(msg + strlen(msg), " (Illegal method modifiers: 0x%x)", m->flags);
-
                                        *exceptionptr =
-                                               new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError,
-                                                                                         msg);
-
-                                       return NULL;
+                                               new_classformaterror(c,
+                                                                                        "Illegal method modifiers: 0x%X",
+                                                                                        m->flags);
+                                       return false;
                                }
                        }
 
-                       if ((c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) != 0) {
-                               if ((m->flags & (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_PUBLIC))
-                                       != (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_PUBLIC))
-                                       panic("Interface method is not declared abstract and public");
+                       if (c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) {
+                               if ((m->flags & (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_PUBLIC)) != (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_PUBLIC)) {
+                                       *exceptionptr =
+                                               new_classformaterror(c,
+                                                                                        "Illegal method modifiers: 0x%X",
+                                                                                        m->flags);
+                                       return false;
+                               }
                        }
 
                        if (m->name == utf_init) {
-                               if ((m->flags & (ACC_STATIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_SYNCHRONIZED
-                                                                | ACC_NATIVE | ACC_ABSTRACT)) != 0)
+                               if (m->flags & (ACC_STATIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_SYNCHRONIZED |
+                                                               ACC_NATIVE | ACC_ABSTRACT))
                                        panic("Instance initialization method has invalid flags set");
                        }
                }
        }
                
        m->jcode = NULL;
+       m->basicblockcount = 0;
+       m->basicblocks = NULL;
+       m->basicblockindex = NULL;
+       m->instructioncount = 0;
+       m->instructions = NULL;
+       m->stackcount = 0;
+       m->stack = NULL;
        m->exceptiontable = NULL;
-       m->entrypoint = NULL;
-       m->mcode = NULL;
        m->stubroutine = NULL;
+       m->mcode = NULL;
+       m->entrypoint = NULL;
        m->methodUsed = NOTUSED;    
        m->monoPoly = MONO;    
        m->subRedefs = 0;
@@ -1159,160 +1374,211 @@ static methodinfo *method_load(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c, methodinfo *m)
                m->stubroutine = createcompilerstub(m);
 
        } else {
+               /*if (useinlining) {
+                       log_text("creating native stub:");
+                       method_display(m);
+               }*/
                functionptr f = native_findfunction(c->name, m->name, m->descriptor, 
-                                                                                       (m->flags & ACC_STATIC) != 0);
-               if (f) {
+                                                       (m->flags & ACC_STATIC) != 0);
+#ifdef STATIC_CLASSPATH
+               if (f) 
+#endif
+                {
                        m->stubroutine = createnativestub(f, m);
                }
        }
        
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+               return false;
        
        attrnum = suck_u2(cb);
        for (i = 0; i < attrnum; i++) {
                utf *aname;
 
-               aname = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8);
-
-               if (aname != utf_code) {
-                       if (aname == utf_exceptions) {
-                               u2 exceptionCount;
-                               u2 exceptionID;
-                               suck_u4(cb); /*length*/
-                               exceptionCount=suck_u2(cb);
-                               m->thrownexceptionscount=exceptionCount;
-                               m->thrownexceptions=MNEW(classinfo*,exceptionCount);
-                               for (exceptionID=0;exceptionID<exceptionCount;exceptionID++) {
-                                       (m->thrownexceptions)[exceptionID]=class_getconstant(c,suck_u2(cb),CONSTANT_Class);
-                               }
-                       }
-                       else
-                       skipattributebody(cb);
+               if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+                       return false;
 
-               } else {
-                       u4 codelen;
-                       if (m->flags & (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_NATIVE)) {
-                                       utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
-                                       sprintf(msg + strlen(msg),
-                                                       " (Code attribute in native or abstract methods)");
+               if (!(aname = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8)))
+                       return false;
 
+               if (aname == utf_code) {
+                       if (m->flags & (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_NATIVE)) {
                                        *exceptionptr =
-                                               new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError,
-                                                                                         msg);
+                                               new_classformaterror(c,
+                                                                                        "Code attribute in native or abstract methods");
 
-                                       return NULL;
+                                       return false;
                        }
                        
                        if (m->jcode) {
-                               utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
-                               sprintf(msg + strlen(msg), " (Multiple Code attributes)");
-
                                *exceptionptr =
-                                       new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError,
-                                                                                 msg);
+                                       new_classformaterror(c, "Multiple Code attributes");
 
-                               return NULL;
+                               return false;
                        }
 
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 4 + 2 + 2))
+                               return false;
+
                        suck_u4(cb);
                        m->maxstack = suck_u2(cb);
                        m->maxlocals = suck_u2(cb);
-                       if (m->maxlocals < argcount) {
-                               utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
-                               sprintf(msg + strlen(msg),
-                                               " (Arguments can't fit into locals)");
 
+                       if (m->maxlocals < argcount) {
                                *exceptionptr =
-                                       new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError,
-                                                                                 msg);
+                                       new_classformaterror(c, "Arguments can't fit into locals");
 
-                               return NULL;
+                               return false;
                        }
                        
-                       codelen = suck_u4(cb);
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 4))
+                               return false;
 
-                       if (codelen == 0)
-                               panic("bytecode has zero length");
+                       m->jcodelength = suck_u4(cb);
 
-                       if (codelen > 65535) {
-                               utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
-                               sprintf(msg + strlen(msg),
-                                               " (Code of a method longer than 65535 bytes)");
+                       if (m->jcodelength == 0) {
+                               *exceptionptr =
+                                       new_classformaterror(c, "Code of a method has length 0");
 
+                               return false;
+                       }
+                       
+                       if (m->jcodelength > 65535) {
                                *exceptionptr =
-                                       new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError,
-                                                                                 msg);
+                                       new_classformaterror(c,
+                                                                                "Code of a method longer than 65535 bytes");
 
-                               return NULL;
+                               return false;
                        }
 
-                       m->jcodelength = codelen;
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, m->jcodelength))
+                               return false;
+
                        m->jcode = MNEW(u1, m->jcodelength);
                        suck_nbytes(m->jcode, cb, m->jcodelength);
 
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+                               return false;
+
                        m->exceptiontablelength = suck_u2(cb);
-                       m->exceptiontable = 
-                               MNEW(exceptiontable, m->exceptiontablelength);
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, (2 + 2 + 2 + 2) * m->exceptiontablelength))
+                               return false;
 
-#ifdef STATISTICS
+                       m->exceptiontable = MNEW(exceptiontable, m->exceptiontablelength);
+
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
                        if (opt_stat) {
                                count_vmcode_len += m->jcodelength + 18;
                                count_extable_len += 8 * m->exceptiontablelength;
                        }
 #endif
 
-                       for (e = 0; e < m->exceptiontablelength; e++) {
+                       for (j = 0; j < m->exceptiontablelength; j++) {
                                u4 idx;
-                               m->exceptiontable[e].startpc = suck_u2(cb);
-                               m->exceptiontable[e].endpc = suck_u2(cb);
-                               m->exceptiontable[e].handlerpc = suck_u2(cb);
+                               m->exceptiontable[j].startpc = suck_u2(cb);
+                               m->exceptiontable[j].endpc = suck_u2(cb);
+                               m->exceptiontable[j].handlerpc = suck_u2(cb);
 
                                idx = suck_u2(cb);
                                if (!idx) {
-                                       m->exceptiontable[e].catchtype = NULL;
+                                       m->exceptiontable[j].catchtype = NULL;
 
                                } else {
-                                       m->exceptiontable[e].catchtype =
-                                               class_getconstant(c, idx, CONSTANT_Class);
+                                       if (!(m->exceptiontable[j].catchtype =
+                                                 class_getconstant(c, idx, CONSTANT_Class)))
+                                               return false;
                                }
-                       }                       
-                       {
-                               u2 codeattrnum;
-                               for (codeattrnum=suck_u2(cb);codeattrnum>0;codeattrnum--) {
-                                       utf * caname = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8);
-                                       if (caname==utf_linenumbertable) {
-                                               u2 lncid;
-                                               /*log_text("LineNumberTable found");*/
-                                               suck_u4(cb);
-                                               m->linenumbercount=suck_u2(cb);
-                                               /*printf("length:%d\n",m->linenumbercount);*/
-                                               m->linenumbers=MNEW(lineinfo,m->linenumbercount);
-                                               for (lncid=0;lncid<m->linenumbercount;lncid++) {
-                                                       m->linenumbers[lncid].start_pc=suck_u2(cb);
-                                                       m->linenumbers[lncid].line_number=suck_u2(cb);
-                                               }
-                                               codeattrnum--;
-                                               skipattributes(cb, codeattrnum);
-                                               break;
-                                       } else skipattributebody(cb);
+                       }
+
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+                               return false;
+
+                       codeattrnum = suck_u2(cb);
+
+                       for (; codeattrnum > 0; codeattrnum--) {
+                               utf *caname;
+
+                               if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+                                       return false;
+
+                               if (!(caname = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Utf8)))
+                                       return false;
+
+                               if (caname == utf_linenumbertable) {
+                                       u2 lncid;
+
+                                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 4 + 2))
+                                               return false;
+
+                                       suck_u4(cb);
+                                       m->linenumbercount = suck_u2(cb);
+
+                                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb,
+                                                                                               (2 + 2) * m->linenumbercount))
+                                               return false;
+
+                                       m->linenumbers = MNEW(lineinfo, m->linenumbercount);
+                                       
+                                       for (lncid = 0; lncid < m->linenumbercount; lncid++) {
+                                               m->linenumbers[lncid].start_pc = suck_u2(cb);
+                                               m->linenumbers[lncid].line_number = suck_u2(cb);
+                                       }
+                                       codeattrnum--;
+
+                                       if (!skipattributes(cb, codeattrnum))
+                                               return false;
                                        
-                               }                               
+                                       break;
+
+                               } else {
+                                       if (!skipattributebody(cb))
+                                               return false;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+               } else if (aname == utf_exceptions) {
+                       s4 j;
+
+                       if (m->thrownexceptions) {
+                               *exceptionptr =
+                                       new_classformaterror(c, "Multiple Exceptions attributes");
+                               return false;
                        }
+
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 4 + 2))
+                               return false;
+
+                       suck_u4(cb); /* length */
+                       m->thrownexceptionscount = suck_u2(cb);
+
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2 * m->thrownexceptionscount))
+                               return false;
+
+                       m->thrownexceptions = MNEW(classinfo*, m->thrownexceptionscount);
+
+                       for (j = 0; j < m->thrownexceptionscount; j++) {
+                               if (!((m->thrownexceptions)[j] =
+                                         class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Class)))
+                                       return false;
+                       }
+                               
+               } else {
+                       if (!skipattributebody(cb))
+                               return false;
                }
        }
 
        if (!m->jcode && !(m->flags & (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_NATIVE))) {
-               utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
-               sprintf(msg + strlen(msg), " (Missing Code attribute)");
-
-               *exceptionptr =
-                       new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError, msg);
+               *exceptionptr = new_classformaterror(c, "Missing Code attribute");
 
-               return NULL;
+               return false;
        }
 
-       /* just return methodinfo* to signal everything was ok */
+       /* everything was ok */
+       /*              utf_display(m->name);
+                       printf("\nexceptiontablelength:%ld\n",m->exceptiontablelength);*/
 
-       return m;
+       return true;
 }
 
 
@@ -1357,6 +1623,24 @@ void method_display(methodinfo *m)
        printf("\n");
 }
 
+/************** Function: method_display_w_class  (debugging only) **************/
+
+void method_display_w_class(methodinfo *m)
+{
+        printflags(m->class->flags);
+        printf(" "); fflush(stdout);
+        utf_display(m->class->name);
+        printf(".");fflush(stdout);
+
+        printf("   ");
+        printflags(m->flags);
+        printf(" "); fflush(stdout);
+        utf_display(m->name);
+        printf(" "); fflush(stdout);
+        utf_display(m->descriptor);
+        printf("\n"); fflush(stdout);
+}
+
 /************** Function: method_display_flags_last  (debugging only) **************/
 
 void method_display_flags_last(methodinfo *m)
@@ -1387,52 +1671,6 @@ static bool method_canoverwrite(methodinfo *m, methodinfo *old)
 }
 
 
-/******************************************************************************/
-/************************ Functions for class *********************************/
-/******************************************************************************/
-
-
-/******************** function:: class_getconstant *****************************
-
-       retrieves the value at position 'pos' of the constantpool of a class
-       if the type of the value is other than 'ctype' the system is stopped
-
-*******************************************************************************/
-
-voidptr class_getconstant(classinfo *c, u4 pos, u4 ctype)
-{
-       /* invalid position in constantpool */
-       /* (pos == 0 is caught by type comparison) */
-       if (pos >= c->cpcount)
-               panic("Attempt to access constant outside range");
-
-       /* check type of constantpool entry */
-
-       if (c->cptags[pos] != ctype) {
-               class_showconstantpool(c);
-               error("Type mismatch on constant: %d requested, %d here (class_getconstant)",
-                         (int) ctype, (int) c->cptags[pos]);
-       }
-               
-       return c->cpinfos[pos];
-}
-
-
-/********************* Function: class_constanttype ****************************
-
-       Determines the type of a class entry in the ConstantPool
-       
-*******************************************************************************/
-
-u4 class_constanttype(classinfo *c, u4 pos)
-{
-       if (pos >= c->cpcount)
-               panic("Attempt to access constant outside range");
-
-       return c->cptags[pos];
-}
-
-
 /******************** function: class_loadcpool ********************************
 
        loads the constantpool of a class, 
@@ -1442,7 +1680,7 @@ u4 class_constanttype(classinfo *c, u4 pos)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void class_loadcpool(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c)
+static bool class_loadcpool(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c)
 {
 
        /* The following structures are used to save information which cannot be 
@@ -1450,17 +1688,17 @@ static void class_loadcpool(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c)
           been traversed the references can be resolved. 
           (only in specific order)                                                */
        
-       /* CONSTANT_Class_info entries */
-       typedef struct forward_class {      
-               struct forward_class *next; 
-               u2 thisindex;               
-               u2 name_index;              
-       } forward_class;                    
-                                        
-       /* CONSTANT_String */                                      
-       typedef struct forward_string { 
-               struct forward_string *next; 
-               u2 thisindex;                
+       /* CONSTANT_Class entries */
+       typedef struct forward_class {
+               struct forward_class *next;
+               u2 thisindex;
+               u2 name_index;
+       } forward_class;
+
+       /* CONSTANT_String */
+       typedef struct forward_string {
+               struct forward_string *next;
+               u2 thisindex;
                u2 string_index;
        } forward_string;
 
@@ -1473,7 +1711,7 @@ static void class_loadcpool(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c)
        } forward_nameandtype;
 
        /* CONSTANT_Fieldref, CONSTANT_Methodref or CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref */
-       typedef struct forward_fieldmethint {   
+       typedef struct forward_fieldmethint {
                struct forward_fieldmethint *next;
                u2 thisindex;
                u1 tag;
@@ -1483,25 +1721,39 @@ static void class_loadcpool(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c)
 
 
        u4 idx;
-       long int dumpsize = dump_size ();
 
        forward_class *forward_classes = NULL;
        forward_string *forward_strings = NULL;
        forward_nameandtype *forward_nameandtypes = NULL;
        forward_fieldmethint *forward_fieldmethints = NULL;
 
+       forward_class *nfc;
+       forward_string *nfs;
+       forward_nameandtype *nfn;
+       forward_fieldmethint *nff;
+
+       u4 cpcount;
+       u1 *cptags;
+       voidptr *cpinfos;
+
        /* number of entries in the constant_pool table plus one */
-       u4 cpcount       = c->cpcount = suck_u2(cb);
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+               return false;
+
+       cpcount = c->cpcount = suck_u2(cb);
 
        /* allocate memory */
-       u1 *cptags       = c->cptags  = MNEW(u1, cpcount);
-       voidptr *cpinfos = c->cpinfos = MNEW(voidptr, cpcount);
+       cptags  = c->cptags  = MNEW(u1, cpcount);
+       cpinfos = c->cpinfos = MNEW(voidptr, cpcount);
 
-       if (!cpcount)
-               panic("Invalid constant_pool_count (0)");
+       if (cpcount < 1) {
+               *exceptionptr = new_classformaterror(c, "Illegal constant pool size");
+               return false;
+       }
        
-#ifdef STATISTICS
-       count_const_pool_len += (sizeof(voidptr) + 1) * cpcount;
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
+       if (opt_stat)
+               count_const_pool_len += (sizeof(voidptr) + 1) * cpcount;
 #endif
        
        /* initialize constantpool */
@@ -1517,83 +1769,105 @@ static void class_loadcpool(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c)
                   
        idx = 1;
        while (idx < cpcount) {
+               u4 t;
+
                /* get constant type */
-               u4 t = suck_u1(cb);
+               if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 1))
+                       return false;
+
+               t = suck_u1(cb);
 
                switch (t) {
-               case CONSTANT_Class: { 
-                       forward_class *nfc = DNEW(forward_class);
+               case CONSTANT_Class:
+                       nfc = NEW(forward_class);
 
-                       nfc->next = forward_classes;                                                                                    
+                       nfc->next = forward_classes;
                        forward_classes = nfc;
 
                        nfc->thisindex = idx;
                        /* reference to CONSTANT_NameAndType */
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+                               return false;
+
                        nfc->name_index = suck_u2(cb);
 
                        idx++;
                        break;
-               }
                        
-               case CONSTANT_Fieldref:
-               case CONSTANT_Methodref:
-               case CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: { 
-                       forward_fieldmethint *nff = DNEW(forward_fieldmethint);
-                               
-                       nff->next = forward_fieldmethints;
-                       forward_fieldmethints = nff;
-
-                       nff->thisindex = idx;
-                       /* constant type */
-                       nff->tag = t;
-                       /* class or interface type that contains the declaration of the
-                          field or method */
-                       nff->class_index = suck_u2(cb);
-                       /* name and descriptor of the field or method */
-                       nff->nameandtype_index = suck_u2(cb);
-
-                       idx++;
-                       break;
-               }
-                               
-               case CONSTANT_String: {
-                       forward_string *nfs = DNEW(forward_string);
+               case CONSTANT_String:
+                       nfs = NEW(forward_string);
                                
                        nfs->next = forward_strings;
                        forward_strings = nfs;
                                
                        nfs->thisindex = idx;
+
                        /* reference to CONSTANT_Utf8_info with string characters */
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+                               return false;
+
                        nfs->string_index = suck_u2(cb);
                                
                        idx++;
                        break;
-               }
 
-               case CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
-                       forward_nameandtype *nfn = DNEW(forward_nameandtype);
+               case CONSTANT_NameAndType:
+                       nfn = NEW(forward_nameandtype);
                                
                        nfn->next = forward_nameandtypes;
                        forward_nameandtypes = nfn;
                                
                        nfn->thisindex = idx;
+
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2 + 2))
+                               return false;
+
                        /* reference to CONSTANT_Utf8_info containing simple name */
                        nfn->name_index = suck_u2(cb);
+
                        /* reference to CONSTANT_Utf8_info containing field or method
                           descriptor */
                        nfn->sig_index = suck_u2(cb);
                                
                        idx++;
                        break;
-               }
 
+               case CONSTANT_Fieldref:
+               case CONSTANT_Methodref:
+               case CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
+                       nff = NEW(forward_fieldmethint);
+                       
+                       nff->next = forward_fieldmethints;
+                       forward_fieldmethints = nff;
+
+                       nff->thisindex = idx;
+                       /* constant type */
+                       nff->tag = t;
+
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2 + 2))
+                               return false;
+
+                       /* class or interface type that contains the declaration of the
+                          field or method */
+                       nff->class_index = suck_u2(cb);
+
+                       /* name and descriptor of the field or method */
+                       nff->nameandtype_index = suck_u2(cb);
+
+                       idx++;
+                       break;
+                               
                case CONSTANT_Integer: {
                        constant_integer *ci = NEW(constant_integer);
 
-#ifdef STATISTICS
-                       count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_integer);
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
+                       if (opt_stat)
+                               count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_integer);
 #endif
 
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 4))
+                               return false;
+
                        ci->value = suck_s4(cb);
                        cptags[idx] = CONSTANT_Integer;
                        cpinfos[idx] = ci;
@@ -1605,10 +1879,14 @@ static void class_loadcpool(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c)
                case CONSTANT_Float: {
                        constant_float *cf = NEW(constant_float);
 
-#ifdef STATISTICS
-                       count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_float);
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
+                       if (opt_stat)
+                               count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_float);
 #endif
 
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 4))
+                               return false;
+
                        cf->value = suck_float(cb);
                        cptags[idx] = CONSTANT_Float;
                        cpinfos[idx] = cf;
@@ -1620,57 +1898,82 @@ static void class_loadcpool(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c)
                case CONSTANT_Long: {
                        constant_long *cl = NEW(constant_long);
                                        
-#ifdef STATISTICS
-                       count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_long);
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
+                       if (opt_stat)
+                               count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_long);
 #endif
 
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 8))
+                               return false;
+
                        cl->value = suck_s8(cb);
                        cptags[idx] = CONSTANT_Long;
                        cpinfos[idx] = cl;
                        idx += 2;
-                       if (idx > cpcount)
-                               panic("Long constant exceeds constant pool");
+                       if (idx > cpcount) {
+                               *exceptionptr =
+                                       new_classformaterror(c, "Invalid constant pool entry");
+                               return false;
+                       }
                        break;
                }
                        
                case CONSTANT_Double: {
                        constant_double *cd = NEW(constant_double);
                                
-#ifdef STATISTICS
-                       count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_double);
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
+                       if (opt_stat)
+                               count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_double);
 #endif
 
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 8))
+                               return false;
+
                        cd->value = suck_double(cb);
                        cptags[idx] = CONSTANT_Double;
                        cpinfos[idx] = cd;
                        idx += 2;
-                       if (idx > cpcount)
-                               panic("Double constant exceeds constant pool");
+                       if (idx > cpcount) {
+                               *exceptionptr =
+                                       new_classformaterror(c, "Invalid constant pool entry");
+                               return false;
+                       }
                        break;
                }
                                
                case CONSTANT_Utf8: { 
+                       u4 length;
+
                        /* number of bytes in the bytes array (not string-length) */
-                       u4 length = suck_u2(cb);
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+                               return false;
+
+                       length = suck_u2(cb);
                        cptags[idx] = CONSTANT_Utf8;
+
                        /* validate the string */
-                       ASSERT_LEFT(cb, length);
+                       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, length))
+                               return false;
+
                        if (opt_verify &&
-                               !is_valid_utf(cb->pos + 1, cb->pos + 1 + length)) {
+                               !is_valid_utf((char *) (cb->pos + 1),
+                                                         (char *) (cb->pos + 1 + length))) {
                                dolog("Invalid UTF-8 string (constant pool index %d)",idx);
                                panic("Invalid UTF-8 string");
                        }
                        /* insert utf-string into the utf-symboltable */
-                       cpinfos[idx] = utf_new_int(cb->pos + 1, length);
+                       cpinfos[idx] = utf_new_intern((char *) (cb->pos + 1), length);
 
-                       /* skip bytes of the string */
+                       /* skip bytes of the string (buffer size check above) */
                        skip_nbytes(cb, length);
                        idx++;
                        break;
                }
                                                                                
                default:
-                       error("Unkown constant type: %d",(int) t);
+                       *exceptionptr =
+                               new_classformaterror(c, "Illegal constant pool type");
+                       return false;
                }  /* end switch */
        } /* end while */
 
@@ -1686,27 +1989,47 @@ static void class_loadcpool(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c)
 
                cptags[forward_classes->thisindex] = CONSTANT_Class;
                /* retrieve class from class-table */
-               cpinfos[forward_classes->thisindex] = class_new(name);
+               if (opt_eager) {
+                       classinfo *tc;
+                       tc = class_new_intern(name);
+
+                       if (!class_load(tc))
+                               return false;
+
+                       /* link the class later, because we cannot link the class currently
+                          loading */
+                       list_addfirst(&unlinkedclasses, tc);
+
+                       cpinfos[forward_classes->thisindex] = tc;
+
+               } else {
+                       cpinfos[forward_classes->thisindex] = class_new(name);
+               }
 
+               nfc = forward_classes;
                forward_classes = forward_classes->next;
+               FREE(nfc, forward_class);
        }
 
        while (forward_strings) {
                utf *text =
                        class_getconstant(c, forward_strings->string_index, CONSTANT_Utf8);
 
-               /* resolve utf-string */                
+               /* resolve utf-string */
                cptags[forward_strings->thisindex] = CONSTANT_String;
                cpinfos[forward_strings->thisindex] = text;
                
+               nfs = forward_strings;
                forward_strings = forward_strings->next;
+               FREE(nfs, forward_string);
        }
 
        while (forward_nameandtypes) {
                constant_nameandtype *cn = NEW(constant_nameandtype);   
 
-#ifdef STATISTICS
-               count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_nameandtype);
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
+               if (opt_stat)
+                       count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_nameandtype);
 #endif
 
                /* resolve simple name and descriptor */
@@ -1729,16 +2052,19 @@ static void class_loadcpool(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c)
 
                cptags[forward_nameandtypes->thisindex] = CONSTANT_NameAndType;
                cpinfos[forward_nameandtypes->thisindex] = cn;
-               
+
+               nfn = forward_nameandtypes;
                forward_nameandtypes = forward_nameandtypes->next;
+               FREE(nfn, forward_nameandtype);
        }
 
        while (forward_fieldmethints) {
                constant_nameandtype *nat;
                constant_FMIref *fmi = NEW(constant_FMIref);
 
-#ifdef STATISTICS
-               count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_FMIref);
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
+               if (opt_stat)
+                       count_const_pool_len += sizeof(constant_FMIref);
 #endif
                /* resolve simple name and descriptor */
                nat = class_getconstant(c,
@@ -1761,14 +2087,18 @@ static void class_loadcpool(classbuffer *cb, classinfo *c)
                        break;
                case CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
                case CONSTANT_Methodref: /* check validity of descriptor */
-                       checkmethoddescriptor(fmi->descriptor);
+                       checkmethoddescriptor(c, fmi->descriptor);
                        break;
                }
        
+               nff = forward_fieldmethints;
                forward_fieldmethints = forward_fieldmethints->next;
+               FREE(nff, forward_fieldmethint);
        }
 
-       dump_release(dumpsize);
+       /* everything was ok */
+
+       return true;
 }
 
 
@@ -1791,35 +2121,25 @@ classinfo *class_load(classinfo *c)
 {
        classbuffer *cb;
        classinfo *r;
-       s8 starttime;
-       s8 stoptime;
 
-#if defined(USE_THREADS)
-#if defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
-       compiler_lock();
-       tables_lock();
-#else
-       intsDisable();
-#endif
-#endif
+       /* enter a monitor on the class */
+
+       builtin_monitorenter((java_objectheader *) c);
 
        /* maybe the class is already loaded */
        if (c->loaded) {
-#if defined(USE_THREADS)
-#if defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
-               tables_unlock();
-               compiler_unlock();
-#else
-               intsRestore();
-#endif
-#endif
+               builtin_monitorexit((java_objectheader *) c);
 
                return c;
        }
 
        /* measure time */
+
+       if (getcompilingtime)
+               compilingtime_stop();
+
        if (getloadingtime)
-               starttime = getcputime();
+               loadingtime_start();
 
        /* load classdata, throw exception on error */
 
@@ -1833,14 +2153,7 @@ classinfo *class_load(classinfo *c)
                        new_exception_utfmessage(string_java_lang_NoClassDefFoundError,
                                                                         c->name);
 
-#if defined(USE_THREADS)
-#if defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
-               tables_unlock();
-               compiler_unlock();
-#else
-               intsRestore();
-#endif
-#endif
+               builtin_monitorexit((java_objectheader *) c);
 
                return NULL;
        }
@@ -1849,26 +2162,27 @@ classinfo *class_load(classinfo *c)
        r = class_load_intern(cb);
 
        /* if return value is NULL, we had a problem and the class is not loaded */
-       if (!r)
+       if (!r) {
                c->loaded = false;
 
+               /* now free the allocated memory, otherwise we could ran into a DOS */
+               class_remove(c);
+       }
+
        /* free memory */
        suck_stop(cb);
 
        /* measure time */
-       if (getloadingtime) {
-               stoptime = getcputime();
-               loadingtime += (stoptime - starttime);
-       }
 
-#if defined(USE_THREADS)
-#if defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
-       tables_unlock();
-       compiler_unlock();
-#else
-       intsRestore();
-#endif
-#endif
+       if (getloadingtime)
+               loadingtime_stop();
+
+       if (getcompilingtime)
+               compilingtime_start();
+
+       /* leave the monitor */
+
+       builtin_monitorexit((java_objectheader *) c);
 
        return r;
 }
@@ -1877,9 +2191,9 @@ classinfo *class_load(classinfo *c)
 classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
 {
        classinfo *c;
+       classinfo *tc;
        u4 i;
-       u4 mi, ma;
-       s4 classdata_left;
+       u4 ma, mi;
        char msg[MAXLOGTEXT];               /* maybe we get an exception */
 
        /* get the classbuffer's class */
@@ -1889,8 +2203,9 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
        if (c->loaded)
                return c;
 
-#ifdef STATISTICS
-       count_class_loads++;
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
+       if (opt_stat)
+               count_class_loads++;
 #endif
 
        /* output for debugging purposes */
@@ -1900,13 +2215,12 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
        /* class is somewhat loaded */
        c->loaded = true;
 
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 4 + 2 + 2))
+               return NULL;
+
        /* check signature */
        if (suck_u4(cb) != MAGIC) {
-               utf_sprint_classname(msg, c->name);
-               sprintf(msg + strlen(msg), " (Bad magic number)");
-
-               *exceptionptr =
-                       new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError, msg);
+               *exceptionptr = new_classformaterror(c, "Bad magic number");
 
                return NULL;
        }
@@ -1915,19 +2229,19 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
        mi = suck_u2(cb);
        ma = suck_u2(cb);
 
-       if (ma != MAJOR_VERSION && (ma != MAJOR_VERSION + 1 || mi != 0)) {
-               utf_sprint_classname(msg, c->name);
-               sprintf(msg + strlen(msg), " (Unsupported major.minor version %d.%d)",
-                               ma, mi);
-
+       if (!(ma < MAJOR_VERSION || (ma == MAJOR_VERSION && mi <= MINOR_VERSION))) {
                *exceptionptr =
-                       new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError,
-                                                                 msg);
+                       new_unsupportedclassversionerror(c,
+                                                                                        "Unsupported major.minor version %d.%d",
+                                                                                        ma, mi);
 
                return NULL;
        }
 
-       class_loadcpool(cb, c);
+       /* load the constant pool */
+       if (!class_loadcpool(cb, c))
+               return NULL;
+
        /*JOWENN*/
        c->erroneous_state = 0;
        c->initializing_thread = 0;     
@@ -1936,7 +2250,10 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
        c->impldBy = NULL;
 
        /* ACC flags */
-       c->flags = suck_u2(cb); 
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+               return NULL;
+
+       c->flags = suck_u2(cb);
        /*if (!(c->flags & ACC_PUBLIC)) { log_text("CLASS NOT PUBLIC"); } JOWENN*/
 
        /* check ACC flags consistency */
@@ -1950,12 +2267,9 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
                }
 
                if (c->flags & ACC_FINAL) {
-                       utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
-                       sprintf(msg + strlen(msg),
-                                       " (Illegal class modifiers: 0x%x)", c->flags);
-
                        *exceptionptr =
-                               new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError, msg);
+                               new_classformaterror(c,
+                                                                        "Illegal class modifiers: 0x%X", c->flags);
 
                        return NULL;
                }
@@ -1966,23 +2280,24 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
        }
 
        if ((c->flags & (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_FINAL)) == (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_FINAL)) {
-               utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
-               sprintf(msg + strlen(msg),
-                               " (Illegal class modifiers: 0x%x)", c->flags);
-
                *exceptionptr =
-                       new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError, msg);
+                       new_classformaterror(c, "Illegal class modifiers: 0x%X", c->flags);
 
                return NULL;
        }
 
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2 + 2))
+               return NULL;
+
        /* this class */
        i = suck_u2(cb);
-       if (class_getconstant(c, i, CONSTANT_Class) != c) {
+       if (!(tc = class_getconstant(c, i, CONSTANT_Class)))
+               return NULL;
+
+       if (tc != c) {
                utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
                sprintf(msg + strlen(msg), " (wrong name: ");
-               utf_sprint(msg + strlen(msg),
-                                  ((classinfo *) class_getconstant(c, i, CONSTANT_Class))->name);
+               utf_sprint(msg + strlen(msg), tc->name);
                sprintf(msg + strlen(msg), ")");
 
                *exceptionptr =
@@ -1993,7 +2308,8 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
        
        /* retrieve superclass */
        if ((i = suck_u2(cb))) {
-               c->super = class_getconstant(c, i, CONSTANT_Class);
+               if (!(c->super = class_getconstant(c, i, CONSTANT_Class)))
+                       return NULL;
 
                /* java.lang.Object may not have a super class. */
                if (c->name == utf_java_lang_Object) {
@@ -2019,26 +2335,31 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
 
                /* This is only allowed for java.lang.Object. */
                if (c->name != utf_java_lang_Object) {
-                       utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
-                       sprintf(msg + strlen(msg), " (Bad superclass index)");
-
-                       *exceptionptr =
-                               new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError, msg);
+                       *exceptionptr = new_classformaterror(c, "Bad superclass index");
 
                        return NULL;
                }
-                       
        }
                         
        /* retrieve interfaces */
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+               return NULL;
+
        c->interfacescount = suck_u2(cb);
+
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2 * c->interfacescount))
+               return NULL;
+
        c->interfaces = MNEW(classinfo*, c->interfacescount);
        for (i = 0; i < c->interfacescount; i++) {
-               c->interfaces[i] =
-                       class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Class);
+               if (!(c->interfaces[i] = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(cb), CONSTANT_Class)))
+                       return NULL;
        }
 
        /* load fields */
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+               return NULL;
+
        c->fieldscount = suck_u2(cb);
        c->fields = GCNEW(fieldinfo, c->fieldscount);
 /*     c->fields = MNEW(fieldinfo, c->fieldscount); */
@@ -2048,6 +2369,9 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
        }
 
        /* load methods */
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+               return NULL;
+
        c->methodscount = suck_u2(cb);
        c->methods = GCNEW(methodinfo, c->methodscount);
 /*     c->methods = MNEW(methodinfo, c->methodscount); */
@@ -2088,23 +2412,23 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
 
                /* Check fields */
                memset(hashtab, 0, sizeof(u2) * (hashlen + len));
+
                for (i = 0; i < c->fieldscount; ++i) {
                        fieldinfo *fi = c->fields + i;
+
                        /* It's ok if we lose bits here */
                        index = ((((size_t) fi->name) +
                                          ((size_t) fi->descriptor)) >> shift) % hashlen;
+
                        if ((old = hashtab[index])) {
                                old--;
                                next[i] = old;
                                do {
                                        if (c->fields[old].name == fi->name &&
                                                c->fields[old].descriptor == fi->descriptor) {
-                                               utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
-                                               sprintf(msg + strlen(msg), " (Repetitive field name/signature)");
-
                                                *exceptionptr =
-                                                       new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError,
-                                                                                                 msg);
+                                                       new_classformaterror(c,
+                                                                                                "Repetitive field name/signature");
 
                                                return NULL;
                                        }
@@ -2114,24 +2438,31 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
                }
                
                /* Check methods */
-               memset(hashtab, 0, sizeof(u2) * (hashlen + len));
+               memset(hashtab, 0, sizeof(u2) * (hashlen + hashlen/5));
+
                for (i = 0; i < c->methodscount; ++i) {
                        methodinfo *mi = c->methods + i;
+
                        /* It's ok if we lose bits here */
                        index = ((((size_t) mi->name) +
                                          ((size_t) mi->descriptor)) >> shift) % hashlen;
+
+                       /*{ JOWENN
+                               int dbg;
+                               for (dbg=0;dbg<hashlen+hashlen/5;++dbg){
+                                       printf("Hash[%d]:%d\n",dbg,hashtab[dbg]);
+                               }
+                       }*/
+
                        if ((old = hashtab[index])) {
                                old--;
                                next[i] = old;
                                do {
                                        if (c->methods[old].name == mi->name &&
                                                c->methods[old].descriptor == mi->descriptor) {
-                                               utf_sprint(msg, c->name);
-                                               sprintf(msg + strlen(msg), " (Repetitive method name/signature)");
-
                                                *exceptionptr =
-                                                       new_exception_message(string_java_lang_ClassFormatError,
-                                                                                                 msg);
+                                                       new_classformaterror(c,
+                                                                                                "Repetitive method name/signature");
 
                                                return NULL;
                                        }
@@ -2143,7 +2474,7 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
                MFREE(hashtab, u2, (hashlen + len));
        }
 
-#ifdef STATISTICS
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
        if (opt_stat) {
                count_class_infos += sizeof(classinfo*) * c->interfacescount;
                count_class_infos += sizeof(fieldinfo) * c->fieldscount;
@@ -2151,20 +2482,27 @@ classinfo *class_load_intern(classbuffer *cb)
        }
 #endif
 
-       /* load variable-length attribute structures */ 
-       attribute_load(cb, c, suck_u2(cb));
+       /* load attribute structures */
+       if (!check_classbuffer_size(cb, 2))
+               return NULL;
+
+       if (!attribute_load(cb, c, suck_u2(cb)))
+               return NULL;
 
 #if 0
-       /* XXX TWISTI is this still in the JVM spec? SUN and IBM don't complain about it */
-       
-       /* check if all data has been read */
-       classdata_left = ((cb->data + cb->size) - cb->pos - 1);
-
-       if (classdata_left > 0) {
-               /* surplus */           
-               dolog("There are %d extra bytes at end of classfile", classdata_left);
-               /* The JVM spec disallows extra bytes. */
-               panic("Extra bytes at end of classfile");
+       /* Pre java 1.5 version don't check this. This implementation is like
+          java 1.5 do it: for class file version 45.3 we don't check it, older
+          versions are checked.
+        */
+       if ((ma == 45 && mi > 3) || ma > 45) {
+               /* check if all data has been read */
+               s4 classdata_left = ((cb->data + cb->size) - cb->pos - 1);
+
+               if (classdata_left > 0) {
+                       *exceptionptr =
+                               new_classformaterror(c, "Extra bytes at the end of class file");
+                       return NULL;
+               }
        }
 #endif
 
@@ -2188,13 +2526,8 @@ static s4 class_highestinterface(classinfo *c)
        s4 h;
        s4 i;
        
-       if (!(c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)) {
-               char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
-               sprintf(logtext, "Interface-methods count requested for non-interface:  ");
-       utf_sprint(logtext + strlen(logtext), c->name);
-       error("%s",logtext);
-       }
-    
+    /* check for ACC_INTERFACE bit already done in class_link_intern */
+
     h = c->index;
        for (i = 0; i < c->interfacescount; i++) {
                s4 h2 = class_highestinterface(c->interfaces[i]);
@@ -2207,33 +2540,33 @@ static s4 class_highestinterface(classinfo *c)
 
 /* class_addinterface **********************************************************
 
-       Is needed by class_link for adding a VTBL to a class. All interfaces
-       implemented by ic are added as well.
+   Is needed by class_link for adding a VTBL to a class. All interfaces
+   implemented by ic are added as well.
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
 static void class_addinterface(classinfo *c, classinfo *ic)
 {
        s4     j, m;
-       s4     i     = ic->index;
-       vftbl *vftbl = c->vftbl;
+       s4     i   = ic->index;
+       vftbl_t *v = c->vftbl;
 
-       if (i >= vftbl->interfacetablelength)
+       if (i >= v->interfacetablelength)
                panic ("Inernal error: interfacetable overflow");
 
-       if (vftbl->interfacetable[-i])
+       if (v->interfacetable[-i])
                return;
 
        if (ic->methodscount == 0) {  /* fake entry needed for subtype test */
-               vftbl->interfacevftbllength[i] = 1;
-               vftbl->interfacetable[-i] = MNEW(methodptr, 1);
-               vftbl->interfacetable[-i][0] = NULL;
+               v->interfacevftbllength[i] = 1;
+               v->interfacetable[-i] = MNEW(methodptr, 1);
+               v->interfacetable[-i][0] = NULL;
 
        } else {
-               vftbl->interfacevftbllength[i] = ic->methodscount;
-               vftbl->interfacetable[-i] = MNEW(methodptr, ic->methodscount);
+               v->interfacevftbllength[i] = ic->methodscount;
+               v->interfacetable[-i] = MNEW(methodptr, ic->methodscount);
 
-#ifdef STATISTICS
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
                if (opt_stat)
                        count_vftbl_len += sizeof(methodptr) *
                                (ic->methodscount + (ic->methodscount == 0));
@@ -2245,8 +2578,7 @@ static void class_addinterface(classinfo *c, classinfo *ic)
                                for (m = 0; m < sc->methodscount; m++) {
                                        methodinfo *mi = &(sc->methods[m]);
                                        if (method_canoverwrite(mi, &(ic->methods[j]))) {
-                                               vftbl->interfacetable[-i][j] =
-                                                       vftbl->table[mi->vftblindex];
+                                               v->interfacetable[-i][j] = v->table[mi->vftblindex];
                                                goto foundmethod;
                                        }
                                }
@@ -2281,17 +2613,34 @@ void class_new_array(classinfo *c)
 
        /* Check the component type */
        switch (c->name->text[1]) {
-         case '[':
-                 /* c is an array of arrays. We have to create the component class. */
-                 comp = class_new(utf_new_int(c->name->text + 1, namelen - 1));
-                 break;
+       case '[':
+               /* c is an array of arrays. We have to create the component class. */
+               if (opt_eager) {
+                       comp = class_new_intern(utf_new_intern(c->name->text + 1,
+                                                                                                  namelen - 1));
+                       class_load(comp);
+                       list_addfirst(&unlinkedclasses, comp);
 
-         case 'L':
-                 /* c is an array of objects. */
-                 if (namelen < 4 || c->name->text[namelen - 1] != ';')
-                         panic("Invalid array class name");
-                 comp = class_new(utf_new_int(c->name->text + 2, namelen - 3));
-                 break;
+               } else {
+                       comp = class_new(utf_new_intern(c->name->text + 1, namelen - 1));
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case 'L':
+               /* c is an array of objects. */
+               if (namelen < 4 || c->name->text[namelen - 1] != ';')
+                       panic("Invalid array class name");
+
+               if (opt_eager) {
+                       comp = class_new_intern(utf_new_intern(c->name->text + 2,
+                                                                                                  namelen - 3));
+                       class_load(comp);
+                       list_addfirst(&unlinkedclasses, comp);
+
+               } else {
+                       comp = class_new(utf_new_intern(c->name->text + 2, namelen - 3));
+               }
+               break;
        }
 
        /* Setup the array class */
@@ -2300,8 +2649,24 @@ void class_new_array(classinfo *c)
 
     c->interfacescount = 2;
     c->interfaces = MNEW(classinfo*, 2);
-    c->interfaces[0] = class_new(utf_new_char("java/lang/Cloneable"));
-    c->interfaces[1] = class_new(utf_new_char("java/io/Serializable"));
+
+       if (opt_eager) {
+               classinfo *tc;
+
+               tc = class_new_intern(utf_new_char("java/lang/Cloneable"));
+               class_load(tc);
+               list_addfirst(&unlinkedclasses, tc);
+               c->interfaces[0] = tc;
+
+               tc = class_new_intern(utf_new_char("java/io/Serializable"));
+               class_load(tc);
+               list_addfirst(&unlinkedclasses, tc);
+               c->interfaces[1] = tc;
+
+       } else {
+               c->interfaces[0] = class_new(utf_new_char("java/lang/Cloneable"));
+               c->interfaces[1] = class_new(utf_new_char("java/io/Serializable"));
+       }
 
        c->methodscount = 1;
        c->methods = MNEW(methodinfo, c->methodscount);
@@ -2337,22 +2702,20 @@ static arraydescriptor *class_link_array(classinfo *c)
        classinfo *comp = NULL;
        s4 namelen = c->name->blength;
        arraydescriptor *desc;
-       vftbl *compvftbl;
+       vftbl_t *compvftbl;
 
        /* Check the component type */
        switch (c->name->text[1]) {
        case '[':
                /* c is an array of arrays. */
-/*             comp = class_get(utf_new_int(c->name->text + 1, namelen - 1)); */
-               comp = class_new(utf_new_int(c->name->text + 1, namelen - 1));
+               comp = class_new(utf_new_intern(c->name->text + 1, namelen - 1));
                if (!comp)
                        panic("Could not find component array class.");
                break;
 
        case 'L':
                /* c is an array of objects. */
-/*             comp = class_get(utf_new_int(c->name->text + 2, namelen - 3)); */
-               comp = class_new(utf_new_int(c->name->text + 2, namelen - 3));
+               comp = class_new(utf_new_intern(c->name->text + 2, namelen - 3));
                if (!comp)
                        panic("Could not find component class.");
                break;
@@ -2361,8 +2724,11 @@ static arraydescriptor *class_link_array(classinfo *c)
        /* If the component type has not been linked, link it now */
        if (comp && !comp->linked) {
                if (!comp->loaded)
-                       class_load(comp);
-               class_link(comp);
+                       if (!class_load(comp))
+                               return NULL;
+
+               if (!class_link(comp))
+                       return NULL;
        }
 
        /* Allocate the arraydescriptor */
@@ -2470,35 +2836,25 @@ static classinfo *class_link_intern(classinfo *c);
 classinfo *class_link(classinfo *c)
 {
        classinfo *r;
-       s8 starttime;
-       s8 stoptime;
 
-#if defined(USE_THREADS)
-#if defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
-       compiler_lock();
-       tables_lock();
-#else
-       intsDisable();
-#endif
-#endif
+       /* enter a monitor on the class */
+
+       builtin_monitorenter((java_objectheader *) c);
 
        /* maybe the class is already linked */
        if (c->linked) {
-#if defined(USE_THREADS)
-#if defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
-               tables_unlock();
-               compiler_unlock();
-#else
-               intsRestore();
-#endif
-#endif
+               builtin_monitorexit((java_objectheader *) c);
 
                return c;
        }
 
        /* measure time */
+
+       if (getcompilingtime)
+               compilingtime_stop();
+
        if (getloadingtime)
-               starttime = getcputime();
+               loadingtime_start();
 
        /* call the internal function */
        r = class_link_intern(c);
@@ -2508,20 +2864,18 @@ classinfo *class_link(classinfo *c)
                c->linked = false;
 
        /* measure time */
-       if (getloadingtime) {
-               stoptime = getcputime();
-               loadingtime += (stoptime - starttime);
-       }
 
-#if defined(USE_THREADS)
-#if defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
-       tables_unlock();
-       compiler_unlock();
-#else
-       intsRestore();
-#endif
-#endif
-       if (c->linked) return c; else return 0;
+       if (getloadingtime)
+               loadingtime_stop();
+
+       if (getcompilingtime)
+               compilingtime_start();
+
+       /* leave the monitor */
+
+       builtin_monitorexit((java_objectheader *) c);
+
+       return r;
 }
 
 
@@ -2530,52 +2884,61 @@ static classinfo *class_link_intern(classinfo *c)
        s4 supervftbllength;          /* vftbllegnth of super class               */
        s4 vftbllength;               /* vftbllength of current class             */
        s4 interfacetablelength;      /* interface table length                   */
-       classinfo *super = c->super;  /* super class                              */
-       classinfo *ic, *c2;           /* intermediate class variables             */
-       vftbl *v;                     /* vftbl of current class                   */
+       classinfo *super;             /* super class                              */
+       classinfo *tc;                /* temporary class variable                 */
+       vftbl_t *v;                   /* vftbl of current class                   */
        s4 i;                         /* interface/method/field counter           */
-       arraydescriptor *arraydesc = NULL;  /* descriptor for array classes       */
+       arraydescriptor *arraydesc;   /* descriptor for array classes             */
 
        /* maybe the class is already linked */
        if (c->linked)
                return c;
 
+       /* maybe the class is not loaded */
+       if (!c->loaded)
+               if (!class_load(c))
+                       return NULL;
+
        if (linkverbose)
                log_message_class("Linking class: ", c);
 
        /* ok, this class is somewhat linked */
        c->linked = true;
 
+       arraydesc = NULL;
+
        /* check interfaces */
 
        for (i = 0; i < c->interfacescount; i++) {
-               ic = c->interfaces[i];
+               tc = c->interfaces[i];
 
                /* detect circularity */
-               if (ic == c) {
+               if (tc == c) {
                        *exceptionptr =
                                new_exception_utfmessage(string_java_lang_ClassCircularityError,
                                                                                 c->name);
-
                        return NULL;
                }
 
-               if (!ic->loaded)
-                       class_load(ic);
-
-               if (!ic->linked)
-                       class_link(ic);
+               if (!tc->loaded)
+                       if (!class_load(tc))
+                               return NULL;
 
-               if (!(ic->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)) {
-                       dolog("Specified interface is not declared as interface:");
-                       log_utf(ic->name);
-                       dolog("in");
-                       log_utf(c->name);
-                       panic("Specified interface is not declared as interface");
+               if (!(tc->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)) {
+                       *exceptionptr =
+                               new_exception_message(string_java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError,
+                                                                         "Implementing class");
+                       return NULL;
                }
+
+               if (!tc->linked)
+                       if (!class_link(tc))
+                               return NULL;
        }
        
-       /*  check super class */
+       /* check super class */
+
+       super = c->super;
 
        if (super == NULL) {          /* class java.lang.Object */
                c->index = 0;
@@ -2593,31 +2956,35 @@ static classinfo *class_link_intern(classinfo *c)
                        *exceptionptr =
                                new_exception_utfmessage(string_java_lang_ClassCircularityError,
                                                                                 c->name);
-
                        return NULL;
                }
 
                if (!super->loaded)
-                       class_load(super);
-
-               if (!super->linked)
-                       class_link(super);
+                       if (!class_load(super))
+                               return NULL;
 
-               if (super->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)
+               if (super->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) {
+                       /* java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class a has interface java.lang.Cloneable as super class */
                        panic("Interface specified as super class");
-
-               /* handle array classes */
-               /* The component class must have been linked already. */
-               if (c->name->text[0] == '[') {
-                       if ((arraydesc = class_link_array(c)) == NULL) {
-                               panic("class_link: class_link_array");
-                       }
                }
 
                /* Don't allow extending final classes */
-               if (super->flags & ACC_FINAL)
-                       panic("Trying to extend final class");
+               if (super->flags & ACC_FINAL) {
+                       *exceptionptr =
+                               new_exception_message(string_java_lang_VerifyError,
+                                                                         "Cannot inherit from final class");
+                       return NULL;
+               }
                
+               if (!super->linked)
+                       if (!class_link(super))
+                               return NULL;
+
+               /* handle array classes */
+               if (c->name->text[0] == '[')
+                       if (!(arraydesc = class_link_array(c)))
+                               return NULL;
+
                if (c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)
                        c->index = interfaceindex++;
                else
@@ -2636,26 +3003,26 @@ static classinfo *class_link_intern(classinfo *c)
                methodinfo *m = &(c->methods[i]);
                        
                if (!(m->flags & ACC_STATIC)) { /* is instance method */
-                       classinfo *sc = super;
-                       while (sc) {
+                       tc = super;
+
+                       while (tc) {
                                s4 j;
-                               for (j = 0; j < sc->methodscount; j++) {
-                                       if (method_canoverwrite(m, &(sc->methods[j]))) {
-                                               if ((sc->methods[j].flags & ACC_PRIVATE) != 0)
+                               for (j = 0; j < tc->methodscount; j++) {
+                                       if (method_canoverwrite(m, &(tc->methods[j]))) {
+                                               if (tc->methods[j].flags & ACC_PRIVATE)
                                                        goto notfoundvftblindex;
 
-                                               if ((sc->methods[j].flags & ACC_FINAL) != 0) {
-                                                       log_utf(c->name);
-                                                       log_utf(sc->name);
-                                                       log_utf(sc->methods[j].name);
-                                                       log_utf(sc->methods[j].descriptor);
-                                                       panic("Trying to overwrite final method");
+                                               if (tc->methods[j].flags & ACC_FINAL) {
+                                                       /* class a overrides final method . */
+                                                       *exceptionptr =
+                                                               new_exception(string_java_lang_VerifyError);
+                                                       return NULL;
                                                }
-                                               m->vftblindex = sc->methods[j].vftblindex;
+                                               m->vftblindex = tc->methods[j].vftblindex;
                                                goto foundvftblindex;
                                        }
                                }
-                               sc = sc->super;
+                               tc = tc->super;
                        }
                notfoundvftblindex:
                        m->vftblindex = (vftbllength++);
@@ -2664,38 +3031,37 @@ static classinfo *class_link_intern(classinfo *c)
                }
        }       
        
-#ifdef STATISTICS
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
        if (opt_stat)
                count_vftbl_len +=
-                       sizeof(vftbl) + (sizeof(methodptr) * (vftbllength - 1));
+                       sizeof(vftbl_t) + (sizeof(methodptr) * (vftbllength - 1));
 #endif
 
        /* compute interfacetable length */
 
        interfacetablelength = 0;
-       c2 = c;
-       while (c2) {
-               for (i = 0; i < c2->interfacescount; i++) {
-                       s4 h = class_highestinterface(c2->interfaces[i]) + 1;
+       tc = c;
+       while (tc) {
+               for (i = 0; i < tc->interfacescount; i++) {
+                       s4 h = class_highestinterface(tc->interfaces[i]) + 1;
                        if (h > interfacetablelength)
                                interfacetablelength = h;
                }
-               c2 = c2->super;
+               tc = tc->super;
        }
 
        /* allocate virtual function table */
 
-       v = (vftbl*) mem_alloc(sizeof(vftbl) + sizeof(methodptr) *
+       v = (vftbl_t*) mem_alloc(sizeof(vftbl_t) + sizeof(methodptr) *
                                                   (vftbllength - 1) + sizeof(methodptr*) *
                                                   (interfacetablelength - (interfacetablelength > 0)));
-       v = (vftbl*) (((methodptr*) v) + (interfacetablelength - 1) *
+       v = (vftbl_t*) (((methodptr*) v) + (interfacetablelength - 1) *
                                  (interfacetablelength > 1));
        c->header.vftbl = c->vftbl = v;
-/*     utf_display_classname(c->name);printf(", c->header.vftbl=%p\n", c->header.vftbl); */
        v->class = c;
        v->vftbllength = vftbllength;
        v->interfacetablelength = interfacetablelength;
-       v->arraydesc = arraydesc;
+       v->arraydesc = arraydesc;
 
        /* store interface index in vftbl */
        if (c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)
@@ -2733,7 +3099,7 @@ static classinfo *class_link_intern(classinfo *c)
        
        v->interfacevftbllength = MNEW(s4, interfacetablelength);
 
-#ifdef STATISTICS
+#if defined(STATISTICS)
        if (opt_stat)
                count_vftbl_len += (4 + sizeof(s4)) * v->interfacetablelength;
 #endif
@@ -2745,25 +3111,20 @@ static classinfo *class_link_intern(classinfo *c)
        
        /* add interfaces */
        
-       for (c2 = c; c2 != NULL; c2 = c2->super)
-               for (i = 0; i < c2->interfacescount; i++) {
-                       class_addinterface(c, c2->interfaces[i]);
+       for (tc = c; tc != NULL; tc = tc->super) {
+               for (i = 0; i < tc->interfacescount; i++) {
+                       class_addinterface(c, tc->interfaces[i]);
                }
+       }
 
        /* add finalizer method (not for java.lang.Object) */
 
-       if (super != NULL) {
+       if (super) {
                methodinfo *fi;
-               static utf *finame = NULL;
-               static utf *fidesc = NULL;
 
-               if (finame == NULL)
-                       finame = utf_finalize;
-               if (fidesc == NULL)
-                       fidesc = utf_fidesc;
+               fi = class_findmethod(c, utf_finalize, utf_fidesc);
 
-               fi = class_findmethod(c, finame, fidesc);
-               if (fi != NULL) {
+               if (fi) {
                        if (!(fi->flags & ACC_STATIC)) {
                                c->finalizer = fi;
                        }
@@ -2795,38 +3156,43 @@ static void class_freecpool(classinfo *c)
        u4 tag;
        voidptr info;
        
-       for (idx=0; idx < c->cpcount; idx++) {
-               tag = c->cptags[idx];
-               info = c->cpinfos[idx];
+       if (c->cptags && c->cpinfos) {
+               for (idx = 0; idx < c->cpcount; idx++) {
+                       tag = c->cptags[idx];
+                       info = c->cpinfos[idx];
                
-               if (info != NULL) {
-                       switch (tag) {
-                       case CONSTANT_Fieldref:
-                       case CONSTANT_Methodref:
-                       case CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
-                               FREE(info, constant_FMIref);
-                               break;
-                       case CONSTANT_Integer:
-                               FREE(info, constant_integer);
-                               break;
-                       case CONSTANT_Float:
-                               FREE(info, constant_float);
-                               break;
-                       case CONSTANT_Long:
-                               FREE(info, constant_long);
-                               break;
-                       case CONSTANT_Double:
-                               FREE(info, constant_double);
-                               break;
-                       case CONSTANT_NameAndType:
-                               FREE(info, constant_nameandtype);
-                               break;
+                       if (info != NULL) {
+                               switch (tag) {
+                               case CONSTANT_Fieldref:
+                               case CONSTANT_Methodref:
+                               case CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
+                                       FREE(info, constant_FMIref);
+                                       break;
+                               case CONSTANT_Integer:
+                                       FREE(info, constant_integer);
+                                       break;
+                               case CONSTANT_Float:
+                                       FREE(info, constant_float);
+                                       break;
+                               case CONSTANT_Long:
+                                       FREE(info, constant_long);
+                                       break;
+                               case CONSTANT_Double:
+                                       FREE(info, constant_double);
+                                       break;
+                               case CONSTANT_NameAndType:
+                                       FREE(info, constant_nameandtype);
+                                       break;
+                               }
                        }
                }
        }
 
-       MFREE(c->cptags, u1, c->cpcount);
-       MFREE(c->cpinfos, voidptr, c->cpcount);
+       if (c->cptags)
+               MFREE(c->cptags, u1, c->cpcount);
+
+       if (c->cpinfos)
+               MFREE(c->cpinfos, voidptr, c->cpcount);
 }
 
 
@@ -2836,21 +3202,27 @@ static void class_freecpool(classinfo *c)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void class_free(classinfo *c)
+void class_free(classinfo *c)
 {
        s4 i;
-       vftbl *v;
+       vftbl_t *v;
                
        class_freecpool(c);
 
-       MFREE(c->interfaces, classinfo*, c->interfacescount);
+       if (c->interfaces)
+               MFREE(c->interfaces, classinfo*, c->interfacescount);
 
-       for (i = 0; i < c->fieldscount; i++)
-               field_free(&(c->fields[i]));
+       if (c->fields) {
+               for (i = 0; i < c->fieldscount; i++)
+                       field_free(&(c->fields[i]));
+/*     MFREE(c->fields, fieldinfo, c->fieldscount); */
+       }
        
-       for (i = 0; i < c->methodscount; i++)
-               method_free(&(c->methods[i]));
-       MFREE(c->methods, methodinfo, c->methodscount);
+       if (c->methods) {
+               for (i = 0; i < c->methodscount; i++)
+                       method_free(&(c->methods[i]));
+/*     MFREE(c->methods, methodinfo, c->methodscount); */
+       }
 
        if ((v = c->vftbl) != NULL) {
                if (v->arraydesc)
@@ -2861,15 +3233,15 @@ static void class_free(classinfo *c)
                }
                MFREE(v->interfacevftbllength, s4, v->interfacetablelength);
 
-               i = sizeof(vftbl) + sizeof(methodptr) * (v->vftbllength - 1) +
+               i = sizeof(vftbl_t) + sizeof(methodptr) * (v->vftbllength - 1) +
                    sizeof(methodptr*) * (v->interfacetablelength -
                                         (v->interfacetablelength > 0));
-               v = (vftbl*) (((methodptr*) v) - (v->interfacetablelength - 1) *
+               v = (vftbl_t*) (((methodptr*) v) - (v->interfacetablelength - 1) *
                                             (v->interfacetablelength > 1));
                mem_free(v, i);
        }
 
-       if (c->innerclasscount)
+       if (c->innerclass)
                MFREE(c->innerclass, innerclassinfo, c->innerclasscount);
 
        /*      if (c->classvftbl)
@@ -3155,12 +3527,20 @@ methodinfo *class_resolvemethod_approx(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 
 methodinfo *class_resolvemethod(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 {
+       /*log_text("Trying to resolve a method");
+       utf_display(c->name);
+       utf_display(name);
+       utf_display(desc);*/
+
        while (c) {
+               /*log_text("Looking in:");
+               utf_display(c->name);*/
                methodinfo *m = class_findmethod(c, name, desc);
                if (m) return m;
                /* search superclass */
                c = c->super;
        }
+       /*log_text("method not found:");*/
 
        return NULL;
 }
@@ -3330,27 +3710,67 @@ bool class_issubclass(classinfo *sub, classinfo *super)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
+static classinfo *class_init_intern(classinfo *c);
+
 classinfo *class_init(classinfo *c)
 {
-       methodinfo *m;
-       s4 i;
-#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
-       int b;
-#endif
+       classinfo *r;
 
        if (!makeinitializations)
                return c;
 
-       if (c->initialized)
+       /* enter a monitor on the class */
+
+       builtin_monitorenter((java_objectheader *) c);
+
+       /* maybe the class is already initalized or the current thread, which can
+          pass the monitor, is currently initalizing this class */
+
+       if (c->initialized || c->initializing) {
+               builtin_monitorexit((java_objectheader *) c);
+
                return c;
+       }
+
+       /* this initalizing run begins NOW */
+       c->initializing = true;
+
+       /* call the internal function */
+       r = class_init_intern(c);
+
+       /* if return value is not NULL everything was ok and the class is
+          initialized */
+       if (r)
+               c->initialized = true;
+
+       /* this initalizing run is done */
+       c->initializing = false;
+
+       /* leave the monitor */
 
-       /* class is somewhat initialized */
-       c->initialized = true;
+       builtin_monitorexit((java_objectheader *) c);
+
+       return r;
+}
+
+
+/* this function MUST NOT be called directly, because of thread <clinit>
+   race conditions */
+
+static classinfo *class_init_intern(classinfo *c)
+{
+       methodinfo *m;
+       s4 i;
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       int b;
+#endif
 
+       /* maybe the class is not already loaded */
        if (!c->loaded)
                if (!class_load(c))
                        return NULL;
 
+       /* maybe the class is not already linked */
        if (!c->linked)
                if (!class_link(c))
                        return NULL;
@@ -3361,15 +3781,8 @@ classinfo *class_init(classinfo *c)
 #endif
 
        /* initialize super class */
-       if (c->super) {
-               if (!c->super->loaded)
-                       if (!class_load(c->super))
-                               return NULL;
-
-               if (!c->super->linked)
-                       if (!class_link(c->super))
-                               return NULL;
 
+       if (c->super) {
                if (!c->super->initialized) {
                        if (initverbose) {
                                char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
@@ -3386,15 +3799,8 @@ classinfo *class_init(classinfo *c)
        }
 
        /* initialize interface classes */
-       for (i = 0; i < c->interfacescount; i++) {
-               if (!c->interfaces[i]->loaded)
-                       if (!class_load(c->interfaces[i]))
-                               return NULL;
-
-               if (!c->interfaces[i]->linked)
-                       if (!class_link(c->interfaces[i]))
-                               return NULL;
 
+       for (i = 0; i < c->interfacescount; i++) {
                if (!c->interfaces[i]->initialized) {
                        if (initverbose) {
                                char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
@@ -3424,8 +3830,9 @@ classinfo *class_init(classinfo *c)
                return c;
        }
 
-       if (!(m->flags & ACC_STATIC))
-               panic("Class initializer is not static!");
+       /* Sun's and IBM's JVM don't care about the static flag */
+/*     if (!(m->flags & ACC_STATIC)) { */
+/*             panic("Class initializer is not static!"); */
 
        if (initverbose)
                log_message_class("Starting static class initializer for class: ", c);
@@ -3443,31 +3850,34 @@ classinfo *class_init(classinfo *c)
        blockInts = b;
 #endif
 
-       /* we have an exception */
+       /* we have an exception or error */
        if (*exceptionptr) {
-               java_objectheader *xptr;
-               java_objectheader *cause;
-
                /* class is NOT initialized */
                c->initialized = false;
 
-               /* get the cause */
-               cause = *exceptionptr;
+               /* is this an exception, than wrap it */
+               if (builtin_instanceof(*exceptionptr, class_java_lang_Exception)) {
+                       java_objectheader *xptr;
+                       java_objectheader *cause;
 
-               /* clear exception, because we are calling jit code again */
-               *exceptionptr = NULL;
+                       /* get the cause */
+                       cause = *exceptionptr;
 
-               /* wrap the exception */
-               xptr =
-                       new_exception_throwable(string_java_lang_ExceptionInInitializerError,
-                                                                       (java_lang_Throwable *) cause);
+                       /* clear exception, because we are calling jit code again */
+                       *exceptionptr = NULL;
 
-               if (*exceptionptr) {
-                       panic("problem");
-               }
+                       /* wrap the exception */
+                       xptr =
+                               new_exception_throwable(string_java_lang_ExceptionInInitializerError,
+                                                                               (java_lang_Throwable *) cause);
+
+                       /* XXX should we exit here? */
+                       if (*exceptionptr)
+                               throw_exception();
 
-               /* set new exception */
-               *exceptionptr = xptr;
+                       /* set new exception */
+                       *exceptionptr = xptr;
+               }
 
                return NULL;
        }
@@ -3738,38 +4148,43 @@ void class_showmethods (classinfo *c)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-void create_primitive_classes()
+static bool create_primitive_classes()
 {  
-       int i;
+       s4 i;
 
        for (i = 0; i < PRIMITIVETYPE_COUNT; i++) {
                /* create primitive class */
-               classinfo *c = class_new_int(utf_new_char(primitivetype_table[i].name));
+               classinfo *c =
+                       class_new_intern(utf_new_char(primitivetype_table[i].name));
                c->classUsed = NOTUSED; /* not used initially CO-RT */
                c->impldBy = NULL;
                
                /* prevent loader from loading primitive class */
                c->loaded = true;
-               class_link(c);
+               if (!class_link(c))
+                       return false;
 
                primitivetype_table[i].class_primitive = c;
 
                /* create class for wrapping the primitive type */
-               c = class_new_int(utf_new_char(primitivetype_table[i].wrapname));
+               c = class_new_intern(utf_new_char(primitivetype_table[i].wrapname));
                primitivetype_table[i].class_wrap = c;
                primitivetype_table[i].class_wrap->classUsed = NOTUSED; /* not used initially CO-RT */
                primitivetype_table[i].class_wrap->impldBy = NULL;
 
                /* create the primitive array class */
                if (primitivetype_table[i].arrayname) {
-                       c = class_new_int(utf_new_char(primitivetype_table[i].arrayname));
+                       c = class_new_intern(utf_new_char(primitivetype_table[i].arrayname));
                        primitivetype_table[i].arrayclass = c;
                        c->loaded = true;
                        if (!c->linked)
-                               class_link(c);
+                               if (!class_link(c))
+                                       return false;
                        primitivetype_table[i].arrayvftbl = c->vftbl;
                }
        }
+
+       return true;
 }
 
 
@@ -3838,7 +4253,7 @@ classinfo *class_primitive_from_sig(char sig)
                             * CLASSLOAD_PANIC....abort execution with an error message
                    CLASSLOAD_NOPANIC..return NULL on error
 
-********************************************************************************/
+*******************************************************************************/
 
 classinfo *class_from_descriptor(char *utf_ptr, char *end_ptr,
                                                                 char **next, int mode)
@@ -3879,8 +4294,19 @@ classinfo *class_from_descriptor(char *utf_ptr, char *end_ptr,
                  case '[':
                          if (mode & CLASSLOAD_SKIP) return class_java_lang_Object;
                          name = utf_new(start, utf_ptr - start);
-                         return (mode & CLASSLOAD_LOAD)
-                                 ? class_load(class_new(name)) : class_new(name); /* XXX handle errors */
+                         if (opt_eager) {
+                                 classinfo *tc;
+
+                                 tc = class_new_intern(name);
+                                 class_load(tc);
+                                 list_addfirst(&unlinkedclasses, tc);
+
+                                 return tc;
+
+                         } else {
+                                 return (mode & CLASSLOAD_LOAD)
+                                         ? class_load(class_new(name)) : class_new(name); /* XXX handle errors */
+                         }
                }
        }
 
@@ -3952,7 +4378,7 @@ static void create_pseudo_classes()
 {
     /* pseudo class for Arraystubs (extends java.lang.Object) */
     
-    pseudo_class_Arraystub = class_new_int(utf_new_char("$ARRAYSTUB$"));
+    pseudo_class_Arraystub = class_new_intern(utf_new_char("$ARRAYSTUB$"));
        pseudo_class_Arraystub->loaded = true;
     pseudo_class_Arraystub->super = class_java_lang_Object;
     pseudo_class_Arraystub->interfacescount = 2;
@@ -3966,14 +4392,14 @@ static void create_pseudo_classes()
 
     /* pseudo class representing the null type */
     
-       pseudo_class_Null = class_new_int(utf_new_char("$NULL$"));
+       pseudo_class_Null = class_new_intern(utf_new_char("$NULL$"));
        pseudo_class_Null->loaded = true;
     pseudo_class_Null->super = class_java_lang_Object;
        class_link(pseudo_class_Null);  
 
     /* pseudo class representing new uninitialized objects */
     
-       pseudo_class_New = class_new_int(utf_new_char("$NEW$"));
+       pseudo_class_New = class_new_intern(utf_new_char("$NEW$"));
        pseudo_class_New->loaded = true;
        pseudo_class_New->linked = true;
        pseudo_class_New->super = class_java_lang_Object;
@@ -4011,28 +4437,27 @@ void loader_init(u1 *stackbottom)
        utf_vmclass         = utf_new_char("java/lang/VMClass");
        utf_java_lang_Object= utf_new_char("java/lang/Object");
        array_packagename   = utf_new_char("<the array package>");
+       utf_fillInStackTrace_name = utf_new_char("fillInStackTrace");
+       utf_fillInStackTrace_desc = utf_new_char("()Ljava/lang/Throwable;");
 
        /* create some important classes */
        /* These classes have to be created now because the classinfo
         * pointers are used in the loading code.
         */
-       class_java_lang_Object =
-               class_new_int(utf_java_lang_Object);
+       class_java_lang_Object = class_new_intern(utf_java_lang_Object);
        class_load(class_java_lang_Object);
        class_link(class_java_lang_Object);
 
-       class_java_lang_String =
-               class_new_int(utf_new_char("java/lang/String"));
+       class_java_lang_String = class_new(utf_new_char("java/lang/String"));
        class_load(class_java_lang_String);
        class_link(class_java_lang_String);
 
-       class_java_lang_Cloneable =
-               class_new_int(utf_new_char("java/lang/Cloneable"));
+       class_java_lang_Cloneable = class_new(utf_new_char("java/lang/Cloneable"));
        class_load(class_java_lang_Cloneable);
        class_link(class_java_lang_Cloneable);
 
        class_java_io_Serializable =
-               class_new_int(utf_new_char("java/io/Serializable"));
+               class_new(utf_new_char("java/io/Serializable"));
        class_load(class_java_io_Serializable);
        class_link(class_java_io_Serializable);
 
@@ -4052,26 +4477,22 @@ void loader_init(u1 *stackbottom)
 }
 
 
-static void loader_compute_class_values(classinfo *c)
-{
-       classinfo *subs;
-
-       c->vftbl->baseval = ++classvalue;
+/* loader_compute_subclasses ***************************************************
 
-       subs = c->sub;
-       while (subs != NULL) {
-               loader_compute_class_values(subs);
-               subs = subs->nextsub;
-       }
+   XXX
 
-       c->vftbl->diffval = classvalue - c->vftbl->baseval;
-}
+*******************************************************************************/
 
+static void loader_compute_class_values(classinfo *c);
 
 void loader_compute_subclasses(classinfo *c)
 {
-#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+#if defined(USE_THREADS)
+#if defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       compiler_lock();
+#else
        intsDisable();
+#endif
 #endif
 
        if (!(c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)) {
@@ -4087,6 +4508,7 @@ void loader_compute_subclasses(classinfo *c)
        classvalue = 0;
 
        /* this is the java.lang.Object special case */
+
        if (!class_java_lang_Object) {
                loader_compute_class_values(c);
 
@@ -4094,9 +4516,35 @@ void loader_compute_subclasses(classinfo *c)
                loader_compute_class_values(class_java_lang_Object);
        }
 
-#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+#if defined(USE_THREADS)
+#if defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       compiler_unlock();
+#else
        intsRestore();
 #endif
+#endif
+}
+
+
+/* loader_compute_class_values *************************************************
+
+   XXX
+
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+static void loader_compute_class_values(classinfo *c)
+{
+       classinfo *subs;
+
+       c->vftbl->baseval = ++classvalue;
+
+       subs = c->sub;
+       while (subs) {
+               loader_compute_class_values(subs);
+               subs = subs->nextsub;
+       }
+
+       c->vftbl->diffval = classvalue - c->vftbl->baseval;
 }
 
 
@@ -4108,20 +4556,17 @@ void loader_compute_subclasses(classinfo *c)
 
 void loader_close()
 {
-/*     classinfo *c; */
+       classinfo *c;
+       s4 slot;
 
-/*     while ((c = list_first(&unloadedclasses))) { */
-/*             list_remove(&unloadedclasses, c); */
-/*             class_free(c); */
-/*     } */
-/*     while ((c = list_first(&unlinkedclasses))) { */
-/*             list_remove(&unlinkedclasses, c); */
-/*             class_free(c); */
-/*     } */
-/*     while ((c = list_first(&linkedclasses))) { */
-/*             list_remove(&linkedclasses, c); */
-/*             class_free(c); */
-/*     } */
+       for (slot = 0; slot < class_hash.size; slot++) {
+               c = class_hash.ptr[slot];
+
+               while (c) {
+                       class_free(c);
+                       c = c->hashlink;
+               }
+       }
 }