* Removed all Id tags.
[cacao.git] / src / vm / jit / x86_64 / codegen.c
index 23732a07cb77db4799f62210ee8c414da6ecdda9..de2ceaed1f96ddeeeee41eb17cfb0b33a074e51f 100644 (file)
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* src/vm/jit/x86_64/codegen.c - machine code generator for x86_64
 
-   Copyright (C) 1996-2005, 2006 R. Grafl, A. Krall, C. Kruegel,
+   Copyright (C) 1996-2005, 2006, 2007 R. Grafl, A. Krall, C. Kruegel,
    C. Oates, R. Obermaisser, M. Platter, M. Probst, S. Ring,
    E. Steiner, C. Thalinger, D. Thuernbeck, P. Tomsich, C. Ullrich,
    J. Wenninger, Institut f. Computersprachen - TU Wien
    Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
    02110-1301, USA.
 
-   Contact: cacao@cacaojvm.org
-
-   Authors: Andreas Krall
-            Christian Thalinger
-            Christian Ullrich
-            Edwin Steiner
-
-   $Id: codegen.c 5945 2006-11-10 16:41:12Z twisti $
-
 */
 
 
 #include "vm/jit/x86_64/emit.h"
 
 #include "mm/memory.h"
+
 #include "native/jni.h"
+#include "native/localref.h"
 #include "native/native.h"
 
-#if defined(ENABLE_THREADS)
-# include "threads/native/lock.h"
-#endif
+#include "threads/lock-common.h"
 
 #include "vm/builtin.h"
 #include "vm/exceptions.h"
 #include "vm/global.h"
-#include "vm/loader.h"
-#include "vm/options.h"
-#include "vm/statistics.h"
 #include "vm/stringlocal.h"
 #include "vm/vm.h"
+
+#include "vm/jit/abi.h"
 #include "vm/jit/asmpart.h"
 #include "vm/jit/codegen-common.h"
 #include "vm/jit/dseg.h"
 #include "vm/jit/patcher.h"
 #include "vm/jit/reg.h"
 #include "vm/jit/replace.h"
+#include "vm/jit/stacktrace.h"
 
 #if defined(ENABLE_LSRA)
 # include "vm/jit/allocator/lsra.h"
 #endif
 
+#include "vmcore/loader.h"
+#include "vmcore/options.h"
+#include "vmcore/statistics.h"
 
-/* codegen *********************************************************************
+
+/* codegen_emit ****************************************************************
 
    Generates machine code.
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
+bool codegen_emit(jitdata *jd)
 {
        methodinfo         *m;
        codeinfo           *code;
@@ -94,7 +89,7 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
        s4                  len, s1, s2, s3, d, disp;
        u2                  currentline;
        ptrint              a;
-       varinfo            *var, *var1, *var2, *dst;
+       varinfo            *var, *dst;
        basicblock         *bptr;
        instruction        *iptr;
        exception_entry    *ex;
@@ -107,7 +102,6 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
        fieldinfo          *fi;
        unresolved_field   *uf;
        s4                  fieldtype;
-       rplpoint           *replacementpoint;
        s4                 varindex;
 
        /* get required compiler data */
@@ -153,8 +147,8 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
        /* create method header */
 
-       (void) dseg_addaddress(cd, code);                      /* CodeinfoPointer */
-       (void) dseg_adds4(cd, cd->stackframesize * 8);         /* FrameSize       */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_address(cd, code);              /* CodeinfoPointer */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, cd->stackframesize * 8); /* FrameSize       */
 
 #if defined(ENABLE_THREADS)
        /* IsSync contains the offset relative to the stack pointer for the
@@ -164,28 +158,29 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
        */
 
        if (checksync && (m->flags & ACC_SYNCHRONIZED))
-               (void) dseg_adds4(cd, (rd->memuse + 1) * 8);       /* IsSync          */
+               (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, (rd->memuse + 1) * 8); /* IsSync        */
        else
 #endif
-               (void) dseg_adds4(cd, 0);                          /* IsSync          */
+               (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, 0);                  /* IsSync          */
                                               
-       (void) dseg_adds4(cd, jd->isleafmethod);               /* IsLeaf          */
-       (void) dseg_adds4(cd, INT_SAV_CNT - rd->savintreguse); /* IntSave         */
-       (void) dseg_adds4(cd, FLT_SAV_CNT - rd->savfltreguse); /* FltSave         */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, jd->isleafmethod);               /* IsLeaf  */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, INT_SAV_CNT - rd->savintreguse); /* IntSave */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, FLT_SAV_CNT - rd->savfltreguse); /* FltSave */
 
        (void) dseg_addlinenumbertablesize(cd);
 
-       (void) dseg_adds4(cd, jd->exceptiontablelength);       /* ExTableSize     */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, jd->exceptiontablelength); /* ExTableSize   */
 
        /* create exception table */
 
        for (ex = jd->exceptiontable; ex != NULL; ex = ex->down) {
-               dseg_addtarget(cd, ex->start);
-               dseg_addtarget(cd, ex->end);
-               dseg_addtarget(cd, ex->handler);
-               (void) dseg_addaddress(cd, ex->catchtype.any);
+               dseg_add_target(cd, ex->start);
+               dseg_add_target(cd, ex->end);
+               dseg_add_target(cd, ex->handler);
+               (void) dseg_add_unique_address(cd, ex->catchtype.any);
        }
-       
+
+#if defined(ENABLE_PROFILING)
        /* generate method profiling code */
 
        if (JITDATA_HAS_FLAG_INSTRUMENT(jd)) {
@@ -196,6 +191,7 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
                PROFILE_CYCLE_START;
        }
+#endif
 
        /* create stack frame (if necessary) */
 
@@ -233,45 +229,35 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                s1 = md->params[p].regoff;
 
                if (IS_INT_LNG_TYPE(t)) {                    /* integer args          */
-                       s2 = rd->argintregs[s1];
                        if (!md->params[p].inmemory) {           /* register arguments    */
-                               if (!IS_INMEMORY(var->flags)) {      /* reg arg -> register   */
-                                       M_INTMOVE(s2, var->vv.regoff);
-
-                               } else {                             /* reg arg -> spilled    */
-                                   M_LST(s2, REG_SP, var->vv.regoff * 8);
-                               }
-
-                       } else {                                 /* stack arguments       */
-                               if (!IS_INMEMORY(var->flags)) {      /* stack arg -> register */
+                               if (!IS_INMEMORY(var->flags))
+                                       M_INTMOVE(s1, var->vv.regoff);
+                               else
+                                   M_LST(s1, REG_SP, var->vv.regoff);
+                       }
+                       else {                                 /* stack arguments       */
+                               if (!IS_INMEMORY(var->flags))
                                        /* + 8 for return address */
-                                       M_LLD(var->vv.regoff, REG_SP, (cd->stackframesize + s1) * 8 + 8);
-
-                               } else {                             /* stack arg -> spilled  */
-                                       var->vv.regoff = cd->stackframesize + s1 + 1;
-                               }
+                                       M_LLD(var->vv.regoff, REG_SP, cd->stackframesize * 8 + s1 + 8);
+                               else
+                                       var->vv.regoff = cd->stackframesize * 8 + s1 + 8;
                        }
-
-               else {                                     /* floating args         */
+               }
+               else {                                     /* floating args         */
                        if (!md->params[p].inmemory) {           /* register arguments    */
-                               s2 = rd->argfltregs[s1];
-                               if (!IS_INMEMORY(var->flags)) {      /* reg arg -> register   */
-                                       M_FLTMOVE(s2, var->vv.regoff);
-
-                               } else {                                         /* reg arg -> spilled    */
-                                       M_DST(s2, REG_SP, var->vv.regoff * 8);
-                               }
-
-                       } else {                                 /* stack arguments       */
-                               if (!IS_INMEMORY(var->flags)) {      /* stack-arg -> register */
-                                       M_DLD(var->vv.regoff, REG_SP, (cd->stackframesize + s1) * 8 + 8);
-
-                               } else {
-                                       var->vv.regoff = cd->stackframesize + s1 + 1;
-                               }
+                               if (!IS_INMEMORY(var->flags))
+                                       M_FLTMOVE(s1, var->vv.regoff);
+                               else
+                                       M_DST(s1, REG_SP, var->vv.regoff);
+                       }
+                       else {                                 /* stack arguments       */
+                               if (!IS_INMEMORY(var->flags))
+                                       M_DLD(var->vv.regoff, REG_SP, cd->stackframesize * 8 + s1 + 8);
+                               else
+                                       var->vv.regoff = cd->stackframesize * 8 + s1 + 8;
                        }
                }
-       }  /* end for */
+       }
 
        /* save monitorenter argument */
 
@@ -285,10 +271,10 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        M_LSUB_IMM((INT_ARG_CNT + FLT_ARG_CNT) * 8, REG_SP);
 
                        for (p = 0; p < INT_ARG_CNT; p++)
-                               M_LST(rd->argintregs[p], REG_SP, p * 8);
+                               M_LST(abi_registers_integer_argument[p], REG_SP, p * 8);
 
                        for (p = 0; p < FLT_ARG_CNT; p++)
-                               M_DST(rd->argfltregs[p], REG_SP, (INT_ARG_CNT + p) * 8);
+                               M_DST(abi_registers_float_argument[p], REG_SP, (INT_ARG_CNT + p) * 8);
 
                        s1 += INT_ARG_CNT + FLT_ARG_CNT;
                }
@@ -300,8 +286,8 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                }
                else {
                        M_TEST(REG_A0);
-                       M_BEQ(0);
-                       codegen_add_nullpointerexception_ref(cd);
+                       M_BNE(8);
+                       M_ALD_MEM(REG_A0, EXCEPTION_HARDWARE_NULLPOINTER);
                }
 
                M_AST(REG_A0, REG_SP, s1 * 8);
@@ -310,10 +296,10 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
                if (opt_verbosecall) {
                        for (p = 0; p < INT_ARG_CNT; p++)
-                               M_LLD(rd->argintregs[p], REG_SP, p * 8);
+                               M_LLD(abi_registers_integer_argument[p], REG_SP, p * 8);
 
                        for (p = 0; p < FLT_ARG_CNT; p++)
-                               M_DLD(rd->argfltregs[p], REG_SP, (INT_ARG_CNT + p) * 8);
+                               M_DLD(abi_registers_float_argument[p], REG_SP, (INT_ARG_CNT + p) * 8);
 
                        M_LADD_IMM((INT_ARG_CNT + FLT_ARG_CNT) * 8, REG_SP);
                }
@@ -329,7 +315,9 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
        /* end of header generation */
 
-       replacementpoint = jd->code->rplpoints;
+       /* create replacement points */
+
+       REPLACEMENT_POINTS_INIT(cd, jd);
 
        /* walk through all basic blocks */
 
@@ -345,22 +333,14 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
                /* handle replacement points */
 
-#if 0
-               if (bptr->bitflags & BBFLAG_REPLACEMENT) {
-                       replacementpoint->pc = (u1*)(ptrint)bptr->mpc; /* will be resolved later */
-                       
-                       replacementpoint++;
-
-                       assert(cd->lastmcodeptr <= cd->mcodeptr);
-                       cd->lastmcodeptr = cd->mcodeptr + 5; /* 5 byte jmp patch */
-               }
-#endif
+               REPLACEMENT_POINT_BLOCK_START(cd, bptr);
 
                /* copy interface registers to their destination */
 
                len = bptr->indepth;
                MCODECHECK(512);
 
+#if defined(ENABLE_PROFILING)
                /* generate basicblock profiling code */
 
                if (JITDATA_HAS_FLAG_INSTRUMENT(jd)) {
@@ -374,6 +354,7 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        if (bptr->type == BBTYPE_EXH)
                                PROFILE_CYCLE_START;
                }
+#endif
 
 #if defined(ENABLE_LSRA)
                if (opt_lsra) {
@@ -430,16 +411,30 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                case ICMD_NOP:        /* ...  ==> ...                                 */
                case ICMD_POP:        /* ..., value  ==> ...                          */
                case ICMD_POP2:       /* ..., value, value  ==> ...                   */
-               case ICMD_INLINE_START: /* internal ICMDs                         */
+                       break;
+
+               case ICMD_INLINE_START:
+
+                       REPLACEMENT_POINT_INLINE_START(cd, iptr);
+                       break;
+
+               case ICMD_INLINE_BODY:
+
+                       REPLACEMENT_POINT_INLINE_BODY(cd, iptr);
+                       dseg_addlinenumber_inline_start(cd, iptr);
+                       dseg_addlinenumber(cd, iptr->line);
+                       break;
+
                case ICMD_INLINE_END:
+
+                       dseg_addlinenumber_inline_end(cd, iptr);
+                       dseg_addlinenumber(cd, iptr->line);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_CHECKNULL:  /* ..., objectref  ==> ..., objectref           */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       M_TEST(s1);
-                       M_BEQ(0);
-                       codegen_add_nullpointerexception_ref(cd);
+                       emit_nullpointer_check(cd, iptr, s1);
                        break;
 
                /* constant operations ************************************************/
@@ -461,7 +456,7 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                case ICMD_FCONST:     /* ...  ==> ..., constant                       */
 
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_FTMP1);
-                       disp = dseg_addfloat(cd, iptr->sx.val.f);
+                       disp = dseg_add_float(cd, iptr->sx.val.f);
                        emit_movdl_membase_reg(cd, RIP, -((cd->mcodeptr + ((d > 7) ? 9 : 8)) - cd->mcodebase) + disp, d);
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
@@ -469,7 +464,7 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                case ICMD_DCONST:     /* ...  ==> ..., constant                       */
 
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_FTMP1);
-                       disp = dseg_adddouble(cd, iptr->sx.val.d);
+                       disp = dseg_add_double(cd, iptr->sx.val.d);
                        emit_movd_membase_reg(cd, RIP, -((cd->mcodeptr + 9) - cd->mcodebase) + disp, d);
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
@@ -507,16 +502,19 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                case ICMD_FLOAD:  
                case ICMD_DLOAD:  
                case ICMD_ISTORE:     /* ..., value  ==> ...                          */
-               case ICMD_ASTORE:     /* dst = local variable                         */
                case ICMD_LSTORE:
                case ICMD_FSTORE:
                case ICMD_DSTORE: 
                case ICMD_COPY:
                case ICMD_MOVE:
                        
-                       emit_copy(jd, iptr, VAROP(iptr->s1), VAROP(iptr->dst));
+                       emit_copy(jd, iptr);
                        break;
 
+               case ICMD_ASTORE:
+                       if (!(iptr->flags.bits & INS_FLAG_RETADDR))
+                               emit_copy(jd, iptr);
+                       break;
 
                /* integer operations *************************************************/
 
@@ -752,96 +750,57 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
                case ICMD_IDIV:       /* ..., val1, val2  ==> ..., val1 / val2        */
 
-                       var1 = VAROP(iptr->s1);
-                       var2 = VAROP(iptr->sx.s23.s2);
-                       dst  = VAROP(iptr->dst);
-
-                       d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_NULL);
-                       if (IS_INMEMORY(var1->flags))
-                               M_ILD(RAX, REG_SP, var1->vv.regoff * 8);
-                       else
-                               M_INTMOVE(var1->vv.regoff, RAX);
-                       
-                       if (IS_INMEMORY(var2->flags))
-                               M_ILD(REG_ITMP3, REG_SP, var2->vv.regoff * 8);
-                       else
-                               M_INTMOVE(var2->vv.regoff, REG_ITMP3);
-                       
-                       if (checknull) {
-                               M_ITEST(REG_ITMP3);
-                               M_BEQ(0);
-                               codegen_add_arithmeticexception_ref(cd);
-                       }
+                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, RAX);
+                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
+                       d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, RAX);
 
-                       emit_alul_imm_reg(cd, ALU_CMP, 0x80000000, RAX); /* check as described in jvm spec */
-                       emit_jcc(cd, CC_NE, 4 + 6);
-                       emit_alul_imm_reg(cd, ALU_CMP, -1, REG_ITMP3);    /* 4 bytes */
-                       emit_jcc(cd, CC_E, 3 + 1 + 3);                /* 6 bytes */
+                       M_INTMOVE(s1, RAX);
+                       M_INTMOVE(s2, REG_ITMP3);
+                       emit_arithmetic_check(cd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
 
-                       emit_mov_reg_reg(cd, RDX, REG_ITMP2); /* save %rdx, cause it's an argument register */
-                       emit_cltd(cd);
-                       emit_idivl_reg(cd, REG_ITMP3);
+                       M_MOV(RDX, REG_ITMP2);    /* save RDX (it's an argument register) */
 
-                       if (IS_INMEMORY(dst->flags)) {
-                               emit_mov_reg_membase(cd, RAX, REG_SP, dst->vv.regoff * 8);
-                               emit_mov_reg_reg(cd, REG_ITMP2, RDX);       /* restore %rdx */
+                       M_ICMP_IMM(0x80000000, RAX);    /* check as described in jvm spec */
+                       M_BNE(4 + 6);
+                       M_ICMP_IMM(-1, REG_ITMP3);                             /* 4 bytes */
+                       M_BEQ(1 + 3);                                          /* 6 bytes */
 
-                       } else {
-                               M_INTMOVE(RAX, dst->vv.regoff);
+                       emit_cltd(cd);                                         /* 1 byte  */
+                       emit_idivl_reg(cd, REG_ITMP3);                         /* 3 bytes */
 
-                               if (dst->vv.regoff != RDX) {
-                                       emit_mov_reg_reg(cd, REG_ITMP2, RDX);   /* restore %rdx */
-                               }
-                       }
+                       M_INTMOVE(RAX, d);
+                       emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
+                       dst = VAROP(iptr->dst);
+                       if (IS_INMEMORY(dst->flags) || (dst->vv.regoff != RDX))
+                               M_MOV(REG_ITMP2, RDX);                         /* restore RDX */
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_IREM:       /* ..., val1, val2  ==> ..., val1 % val2        */
 
-                       var1 = VAROP(iptr->s1);
-                       var2 = VAROP(iptr->sx.s23.s2);
-                       dst  = VAROP(iptr->dst);
-
-                       d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_NULL);
-                       if (IS_INMEMORY(var1->flags))
-                               M_ILD(RAX, REG_SP, var1->vv.regoff * 8);
-                       else
-                               M_INTMOVE(var1->vv.regoff, RAX);
-                       
-                       if (IS_INMEMORY(var2->flags))
-                               M_ILD(REG_ITMP3, REG_SP, var2->vv.regoff * 8);
-                       else
-                               M_INTMOVE(var2->vv.regoff, REG_ITMP3);
-
-                       if (checknull) {
-                               M_ITEST(REG_ITMP3);
-                               M_BEQ(0);
-                               codegen_add_arithmeticexception_ref(cd);
-                       }
-
-                       emit_mov_reg_reg(cd, RDX, REG_ITMP2); /* save %rdx, cause it's an argument register */
-
-                       emit_alul_imm_reg(cd, ALU_CMP, 0x80000000, RAX); /* check as described in jvm spec */
-                       emit_jcc(cd, CC_NE, 2 + 4 + 6);
+                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, RAX);
+                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
+                       d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, RDX);
 
+                       M_INTMOVE(s1, RAX);
+                       M_INTMOVE(s2, REG_ITMP3);
+                       emit_arithmetic_check(cd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
 
-                       emit_alul_reg_reg(cd, ALU_XOR, RDX, RDX);         /* 2 bytes */
-                       emit_alul_imm_reg(cd, ALU_CMP, -1, REG_ITMP3);    /* 4 bytes */
-                       emit_jcc(cd, CC_E, 1 + 3);                    /* 6 bytes */
+                       M_MOV(RDX, REG_ITMP2);    /* save RDX (it's an argument register) */
 
-                       emit_cltd(cd);
-                       emit_idivl_reg(cd, REG_ITMP3);
+                       M_ICMP_IMM(0x80000000, RAX);    /* check as described in jvm spec */
+                       M_BNE(3 + 4 + 6);
+                       M_CLR(RDX);                                            /* 3 bytes */
+                       M_ICMP_IMM(-1, REG_ITMP3);                             /* 4 bytes */
+                       M_BEQ(1 + 3);                                          /* 6 bytes */
 
-                       if (IS_INMEMORY(dst->flags)) {
-                               emit_mov_reg_membase(cd, RDX, REG_SP, dst->vv.regoff * 8);
-                               emit_mov_reg_reg(cd, REG_ITMP2, RDX);       /* restore %rdx */
+                       emit_cltd(cd);                                         /* 1 byte  */
+                       emit_idivl_reg(cd, REG_ITMP3);                         /* 3 byte  */
 
-                       } else {
-                               M_INTMOVE(RDX, dst->vv.regoff);
-
-                               if (dst->vv.regoff != RDX) {
-                                       emit_mov_reg_reg(cd, REG_ITMP2, RDX);   /* restore %rdx */
-                               }
-                       }
+                       M_INTMOVE(RDX, d);
+                       emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
+                       dst = VAROP(iptr->dst);
+                       if (IS_INMEMORY(dst->flags) || (dst->vv.regoff != RDX))
+                               M_MOV(REG_ITMP2, RDX);                         /* restore RDX */
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_IDIVPOW2:   /* ..., value  ==> ..., value >> constant       */
@@ -876,109 +835,61 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
                case ICMD_LDIV:       /* ..., val1, val2  ==> ..., val1 / val2        */
 
-                       var1 = VAROP(iptr->s1);
-                       var2 = VAROP(iptr->sx.s23.s2);
-                       dst  = VAROP(iptr->dst);
-
-                       d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_NULL);
+                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, RAX);
+                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
+                       d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, RAX);
 
-               if (IS_INMEMORY(var1->flags))
-                               M_LLD(RAX, REG_SP, var1->vv.regoff * 8);
-                       else
-                               M_INTMOVE(var1->vv.regoff, RAX);
-                       
-                       if (IS_INMEMORY(var2->flags))
-                               M_LLD(REG_ITMP3, REG_SP, var2->vv.regoff * 8);
-                       else
-                               M_INTMOVE(var2->vv.regoff, REG_ITMP3);
+                       M_INTMOVE(s1, RAX);
+                       M_INTMOVE(s2, REG_ITMP3);
+                       emit_arithmetic_check(cd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
 
-                       if (checknull) {
-                               M_TEST(REG_ITMP3);
-                               M_BEQ(0);
-                               codegen_add_arithmeticexception_ref(cd);
-                       }
+                       M_MOV(RDX, REG_ITMP2);    /* save RDX (it's an argument register) */
 
                        /* check as described in jvm spec */
-                       disp = dseg_adds8(cd, 0x8000000000000000LL);
+                       disp = dseg_add_s8(cd, 0x8000000000000000LL);
                        M_LCMP_MEMBASE(RIP, -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase) + disp, RAX);
                        M_BNE(4 + 6);
-                       M_LCMP_IMM(-1, REG_ITMP3);                              /* 4 bytes */
-                       M_BEQ(3 + 2 + 3);                                      /* 6 bytes */
-
-                       M_MOV(RDX, REG_ITMP2); /* save %rdx, cause it's an argument register */
-                       emit_cqto(cd);
-                       emit_idiv_reg(cd, REG_ITMP3);
-
-                       if (IS_INMEMORY(dst->flags)) {
-                               M_LST(RAX, REG_SP, dst->vv.regoff * 8);
-                               M_MOV(REG_ITMP2, RDX);                        /* restore %rdx */
+                       M_LCMP_IMM(-1, REG_ITMP3);                             /* 4 bytes */
+                       M_BEQ(2 + 3);                                          /* 6 bytes */
 
-                       } else {
-                               M_INTMOVE(RAX, dst->vv.regoff);
+                       emit_cqto(cd);                                         /* 2 bytes */
+                       emit_idiv_reg(cd, REG_ITMP3);                          /* 3 bytes */
 
-                               if (dst->vv.regoff != RDX) {
-                                       M_MOV(REG_ITMP2, RDX);                    /* restore %rdx */
-                               }
-                       }
+                       M_INTMOVE(RAX, d);
+                       emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
+                       dst = VAROP(iptr->dst);
+                       if (IS_INMEMORY(dst->flags) || (dst->vv.regoff != RDX))
+                               M_MOV(REG_ITMP2, RDX);                         /* restore RDX */
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_LREM:       /* ..., val1, val2  ==> ..., val1 % val2        */
 
-                       var1 = VAROP(iptr->s1);
-                       var2 = VAROP(iptr->sx.s23.s2);
-                       dst  = VAROP(iptr->dst);
-
-                       d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_NULL);
-                       
-                       if (IS_INMEMORY(var1->flags))
-                               M_LLD(REG_ITMP1, REG_SP, var1->vv.regoff * 8);
-                       else
-                               M_INTMOVE(var1->vv.regoff, REG_ITMP1);
-                       
-                       if (IS_INMEMORY(var2->flags))
-                               M_LLD(REG_ITMP3, REG_SP, var2->vv.regoff * 8);
-                       else
-                               M_INTMOVE(var2->vv.regoff, REG_ITMP3);
-                       /*
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       M_INTMOVE(s1, REG_ITMP1);
+                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, RAX);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
+                       d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, RDX);
+
+                       M_INTMOVE(s1, RAX);
                        M_INTMOVE(s2, REG_ITMP3);
-                       */
-                       if (checknull) {
-                               M_ITEST(REG_ITMP3);
-                               M_BEQ(0);
-                               codegen_add_arithmeticexception_ref(cd);
-                       }
+                       emit_arithmetic_check(cd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
 
-                       M_MOV(RDX, REG_ITMP2); /* save %rdx, cause it's an argument register */
+                       M_MOV(RDX, REG_ITMP2);    /* save RDX (it's an argument register) */
 
                        /* check as described in jvm spec */
-                       disp = dseg_adds8(cd, 0x8000000000000000LL);
+                       disp = dseg_add_s8(cd, 0x8000000000000000LL);
                        M_LCMP_MEMBASE(RIP, -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase) + disp, REG_ITMP1);
                        M_BNE(3 + 4 + 6);
-
-#if 0
-                       emit_alul_reg_reg(cd, ALU_XOR, RDX, RDX);         /* 2 bytes */
-#endif
                        M_LXOR(RDX, RDX);                                      /* 3 bytes */
-                       M_LCMP_IMM(-1, REG_ITMP3);                              /* 4 bytes */
+                       M_LCMP_IMM(-1, REG_ITMP3);                             /* 4 bytes */
                        M_BEQ(2 + 3);                                          /* 6 bytes */
 
-                       emit_cqto(cd);
-                       emit_idiv_reg(cd, REG_ITMP3);
+                       emit_cqto(cd);                                         /* 2 bytes */
+                       emit_idiv_reg(cd, REG_ITMP3);                          /* 3 bytes */
 
-                       if (IS_INMEMORY(dst->flags)) {
-                               M_LST(RDX, REG_SP, dst->vv.regoff * 8);
-                               M_MOV(REG_ITMP2, RDX);                        /* restore %rdx */
-
-                       } else {
-                               M_INTMOVE(RDX, dst->vv.regoff);
-
-                               if (dst->vv.regoff != RDX) {
-                                       M_MOV(REG_ITMP2, RDX);                    /* restore %rdx */
-                               }
-                       }
+                       M_INTMOVE(RDX, d);
+                       emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
+                       dst = VAROP(iptr->dst);
+                       if (IS_INMEMORY(dst->flags) || (dst->vv.regoff != RDX))
+                               M_MOV(REG_ITMP2, RDX);                         /* restore RDX */
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_LDIVPOW2:   /* ..., value  ==> ..., value >> constant       */
@@ -1272,7 +1183,7 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_FTMP1);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_FTMP3);
-                       disp = dseg_adds4(cd, 0x80000000);
+                       disp = dseg_add_s4(cd, 0x80000000);
                        M_FLTMOVE(s1, d);
                        emit_movss_membase_reg(cd, RIP, -((cd->mcodeptr + 9) - cd->mcodebase) + disp, REG_FTMP2);
                        emit_xorps_reg_reg(cd, REG_FTMP2, d);
@@ -1283,7 +1194,7 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_FTMP1);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_FTMP3);
-                       disp = dseg_adds8(cd, 0x8000000000000000);
+                       disp = dseg_add_s8(cd, 0x8000000000000000);
                        M_FLTMOVE(s1, d);
                        emit_movd_membase_reg(cd, RIP, -((cd->mcodeptr + 9) - cd->mcodebase) + disp, REG_FTMP2);
                        emit_xorpd_reg_reg(cd, REG_FTMP2, d);
@@ -1526,8 +1437,8 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        M_MOV_IMM(1, REG_ITMP1);
                        M_MOV_IMM(-1, REG_ITMP2);
                        emit_ucomiss_reg_reg(cd, s1, s2);
-                       M_CMOVB(REG_ITMP1, d);
-                       M_CMOVA(REG_ITMP2, d);
+                       M_CMOVULT(REG_ITMP1, d);
+                       M_CMOVUGT(REG_ITMP2, d);
                        M_CMOVP(REG_ITMP2, d);                   /* treat unordered as GT */
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
@@ -1542,8 +1453,8 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        M_MOV_IMM(1, REG_ITMP1);
                        M_MOV_IMM(-1, REG_ITMP2);
                        emit_ucomiss_reg_reg(cd, s1, s2);
-                       M_CMOVB(REG_ITMP1, d);
-                       M_CMOVA(REG_ITMP2, d);
+                       M_CMOVULT(REG_ITMP1, d);
+                       M_CMOVUGT(REG_ITMP2, d);
                        M_CMOVP(REG_ITMP1, d);                   /* treat unordered as LT */
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
@@ -1558,8 +1469,8 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        M_MOV_IMM(1, REG_ITMP1);
                        M_MOV_IMM(-1, REG_ITMP2);
                        emit_ucomisd_reg_reg(cd, s1, s2);
-                       M_CMOVB(REG_ITMP1, d);
-                       M_CMOVA(REG_ITMP2, d);
+                       M_CMOVULT(REG_ITMP1, d);
+                       M_CMOVUGT(REG_ITMP2, d);
                        M_CMOVP(REG_ITMP2, d);                   /* treat unordered as GT */
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
@@ -1574,8 +1485,8 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        M_MOV_IMM(1, REG_ITMP1);
                        M_MOV_IMM(-1, REG_ITMP2);
                        emit_ucomisd_reg_reg(cd, s1, s2);
-                       M_CMOVB(REG_ITMP1, d);
-                       M_CMOVA(REG_ITMP2, d);
+                       M_CMOVULT(REG_ITMP1, d);
+                       M_CMOVUGT(REG_ITMP2, d);
                        M_CMOVP(REG_ITMP1, d);                   /* treat unordered as LT */
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
@@ -1587,8 +1498,8 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                       M_ILD(d, s1, OFFSET(java_arrayheader, size));
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       M_ILD(d, s1, OFFSET(java_array_t, size));
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
 
@@ -1597,11 +1508,9 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_movsbq_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_bytearray, data[0]), s1, s2, 0, d);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_movsbq_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_bytearray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 0, d);
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
 
@@ -1610,11 +1519,9 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_movzwq_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_chararray, data[0]), s1, s2, 1, d);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_movzwq_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_chararray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 1, d);
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;                  
 
@@ -1623,11 +1530,9 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_movswq_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_shortarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 1, d);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_movswq_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_shortarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 1, d);
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
 
@@ -1636,11 +1541,9 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_movl_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_intarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 2, d);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_movl_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_intarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 2, d);
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
 
@@ -1649,11 +1552,9 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_mov_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_longarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 3, d);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_mov_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_longarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 3, d);
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
 
@@ -1662,11 +1563,9 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_FTMP3);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_movss_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_floatarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 2, d);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_movss_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_floatarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 2, d);
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
 
@@ -1675,11 +1574,9 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_FTMP3);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_movsd_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_doublearray, data[0]), s1, s2, 3, d);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_movsd_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_doublearray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 3, d);
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
 
@@ -1688,11 +1585,9 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_mov_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_objectarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 3, d);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_mov_memindex_reg(cd, OFFSET(java_objectarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 3, d);
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        break;
 
@@ -1701,108 +1596,90 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
                        s3 = emit_load_s3(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       emit_movb_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_bytearray, data[0]), s1, s2, 0);
+                       emit_movb_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_bytearray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 0);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_CASTORE:    /* ..., arrayref, index, value  ==> ...         */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
                        s3 = emit_load_s3(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       emit_movw_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_chararray, data[0]), s1, s2, 1);
+                       emit_movw_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_chararray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 1);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_SASTORE:    /* ..., arrayref, index, value  ==> ...         */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
                        s3 = emit_load_s3(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       emit_movw_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_shortarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 1);
+                       emit_movw_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_shortarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 1);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_IASTORE:    /* ..., arrayref, index, value  ==> ...         */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
                        s3 = emit_load_s3(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       emit_movl_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_intarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 2);
+                       emit_movl_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_intarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 2);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_LASTORE:    /* ..., arrayref, index, value  ==> ...         */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
                        s3 = emit_load_s3(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       emit_mov_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_longarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
+                       emit_mov_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_longarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_FASTORE:    /* ..., arrayref, index, value  ==> ...         */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
                        s3 = emit_load_s3(jd, iptr, REG_FTMP3);
-                       emit_movss_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_floatarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 2);
+                       emit_movss_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_floatarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 2);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_DASTORE:    /* ..., arrayref, index, value  ==> ...         */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
                        s3 = emit_load_s3(jd, iptr, REG_FTMP3);
-                       emit_movsd_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_doublearray, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
+                       emit_movsd_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_doublearray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_AASTORE:    /* ..., arrayref, index, value  ==> ...         */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
                        s3 = emit_load_s3(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
 
                        M_MOV(s1, REG_A0);
                        M_MOV(s3, REG_A1);
                        M_MOV_IMM(BUILTIN_canstore, REG_ITMP1);
                        M_CALL(REG_ITMP1);
-                       M_TEST(REG_RESULT);
-                       M_BEQ(0);
-                       codegen_add_arraystoreexception_ref(cd);
+                       emit_exception_check(cd, iptr);
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        s3 = emit_load_s3(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
-                       emit_mov_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_objectarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
+                       emit_mov_reg_memindex(cd, s3, OFFSET(java_objectarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
                        break;
 
 
@@ -1810,60 +1687,51 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_movb_imm_memindex(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval, OFFSET(java_bytearray, data[0]), s1, s2, 0);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_movb_imm_memindex(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval, OFFSET(java_bytearray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 0);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_CASTORECONST:   /* ..., arrayref, index  ==> ...            */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_movw_imm_memindex(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval, OFFSET(java_chararray, data[0]), s1, s2, 1);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_movw_imm_memindex(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval, OFFSET(java_chararray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 1);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_SASTORECONST:   /* ..., arrayref, index  ==> ...            */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_movw_imm_memindex(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval, OFFSET(java_shortarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 1);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_movw_imm_memindex(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval, OFFSET(java_shortarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 1);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_IASTORECONST: /* ..., arrayref, index  ==> ...              */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_movl_imm_memindex(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval, OFFSET(java_intarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 2);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_movl_imm_memindex(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval, OFFSET(java_intarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 2);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_LASTORECONST: /* ..., arrayref, index  ==> ...              */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
 
                        if (IS_IMM32(iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval)) {
-                               emit_mov_imm_memindex(cd, (u4) (iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval & 0x00000000ffffffff), OFFSET(java_longarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
-                       } else {
-                               emit_movl_imm_memindex(cd, (u4) (iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval & 0x00000000ffffffff), OFFSET(java_longarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
-                               emit_movl_imm_memindex(cd, (u4) (iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval >> 32), OFFSET(java_longarray, data[0]) + 4, s1, s2, 3);
+                               emit_mov_imm_memindex(cd, (u4) (iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval & 0x00000000ffffffff), OFFSET(java_longarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               emit_movl_imm_memindex(cd, (u4) (iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval & 0x00000000ffffffff), OFFSET(java_longarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
+                               emit_movl_imm_memindex(cd, (u4) (iptr->sx.s23.s3.constval >> 32), OFFSET(java_longarray_t, data[0]) + 4, s1, s2, 3);
                        }
                        break;
 
@@ -1871,11 +1739,9 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                               gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-                               gen_bound_check;
-                       }
-                       emit_mov_imm_memindex(cd, 0, OFFSET(java_objectarray, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                       emit_arrayindexoutofbounds_check(cd, iptr, s1, s2);
+                       emit_mov_imm_memindex(cd, 0, OFFSET(java_objectarray_t, data[0]), s1, s2, 3);
                        break;
 
 
@@ -1884,8 +1750,8 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        if (INSTRUCTION_IS_UNRESOLVED(iptr)) {
                                uf        = iptr->sx.s23.s3.uf;
                                fieldtype = uf->fieldref->parseddesc.fd->type;
-                               disp      = dseg_addaddress(cd, NULL);
-                               disp      = -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase) + disp;
+                               disp      = dseg_add_unique_address(cd, NULL);
+                               disp      = disp + -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase);
 
                                /* must be calculated before codegen_add_patch_ref */
 
@@ -1901,18 +1767,18 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        else {
                                fi        = iptr->sx.s23.s3.fmiref->p.field;
                                fieldtype = fi->type;
-                               disp      = dseg_addaddress(cd, &(fi->value));
-                               disp      = -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase) + disp;
+                               disp      = dseg_add_address(cd, fi->value);
+                               disp      = disp + -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase);
 
                                if (!CLASS_IS_OR_ALMOST_INITIALIZED(fi->class)) {
                                        PROFILE_CYCLE_STOP;
 
                                        codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_clinit, fi->class, 0);
 
+                                       PROFILE_CYCLE_START;
+
                                        if (opt_shownops)
                                                disp -= PATCHER_CALL_SIZE;
-
-                                       PROFILE_CYCLE_START;
                                }
                        }
 
@@ -1948,8 +1814,8 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        if (INSTRUCTION_IS_UNRESOLVED(iptr)) {
                                uf        = iptr->sx.s23.s3.uf;
                                fieldtype = uf->fieldref->parseddesc.fd->type;
-                               disp      = dseg_addaddress(cd, NULL);
-                               disp      = -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase) + disp;
+                               disp      = dseg_add_unique_address(cd, NULL);
+                               disp      = disp + -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase);
 
                                /* must be calculated before codegen_add_patch_ref */
 
@@ -1965,18 +1831,18 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        else {
                                fi        = iptr->sx.s23.s3.fmiref->p.field;
                                fieldtype = fi->type;
-                               disp      = dseg_addaddress(cd, &(fi->value));
-                               disp      = -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase) + disp;
+                               disp      = dseg_add_address(cd, fi->value);
+                               disp      = disp + -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase);
 
                                if (!CLASS_IS_OR_ALMOST_INITIALIZED(fi->class)) {
                                        PROFILE_CYCLE_STOP;
 
                                        codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_clinit, fi->class, 0);
 
+                                       PROFILE_CYCLE_START;
+
                                        if (opt_shownops)
                                                disp -= PATCHER_CALL_SIZE;
-
-                                       PROFILE_CYCLE_START;
                                }
                        }
 
@@ -2013,15 +1879,14 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        if (INSTRUCTION_IS_UNRESOLVED(iptr)) {
                                uf        = iptr->sx.s23.s3.uf;
                                fieldtype = uf->fieldref->parseddesc.fd->type;
-                               disp      = dseg_addaddress(cd, NULL);
-                               disp      = -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase) + disp;
+                               disp      = dseg_add_unique_address(cd, NULL);
+                               disp      = disp + -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase);
 
                                /* must be calculated before codegen_add_patch_ref */
 
                                if (opt_shownops)
                                        disp -= PATCHER_CALL_SIZE;
 
-
 /*                             PROFILE_CYCLE_STOP; */
 
                                codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_get_putstatic, uf, disp);
@@ -2031,18 +1896,18 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        else {
                                fi        = iptr->sx.s23.s3.fmiref->p.field;
                                fieldtype = fi->type;
-                               disp      = dseg_addaddress(cd, &(fi->value));
-                               disp      = -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase) + disp;
+                               disp      = dseg_add_address(cd, fi->value);
+                               disp      = disp + -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase);
 
                                if (!CLASS_IS_OR_ALMOST_INITIALIZED(fi->class)) {
                                        PROFILE_CYCLE_STOP;
 
                                        codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_clinit, fi->class, 0);
 
+                                       PROFILE_CYCLE_START;
+
                                        if (opt_shownops)
                                                disp -= PATCHER_CALL_SIZE;
-
-                                       PROFILE_CYCLE_START;
                                }
                        }
 
@@ -2072,7 +1937,6 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                case ICMD_GETFIELD:   /* ...  ==> ..., value                          */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       gen_nullptr_check(s1);
 
                        if (INSTRUCTION_IS_UNRESOLVED(iptr)) {
                                uf        = iptr->sx.s23.s3.uf;
@@ -2091,6 +1955,7 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                                disp      = fi->offset;
                        }
 
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
                        switch (fieldtype) {
                        case TYPE_INT:
                                d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
@@ -2116,9 +1981,7 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                case ICMD_PUTFIELD:   /* ..., objectref, value  ==> ...               */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       gen_nullptr_check(s1);
-
-                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_IFTMP);
+                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_IFTMP); /* REG_IFTMP == REG_ITMP2 */
 
                        if (INSTRUCTION_IS_UNRESOLVED(iptr)) {
                                uf        = iptr->sx.s23.s3.uf;
@@ -2137,6 +2000,7 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                                disp      = fi->offset;
                        }
 
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
                        switch (fieldtype) {
                        case TYPE_INT:
                                M_IST32(s2, s1, disp);
@@ -2159,7 +2023,6 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                                          /* following NOP)                           */
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       gen_nullptr_check(s1);
 
                        if (INSTRUCTION_IS_UNRESOLVED(iptr)) {
                                uf        = iptr->sx.s23.s3.uf;
@@ -2178,6 +2041,7 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                                disp      = fi->offset;
                        }
 
+                       /* implicit null-pointer check */
                        switch (fieldtype) {
                        case TYPE_INT:
                        case TYPE_FLT:
@@ -2219,83 +2083,44 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_GOTO:         /* ... ==> ...                                */
-               case ICMD_RET:          /* ... ==> ...                                */
+               case ICMD_RET:
 
-                       M_JMP_IMM(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
+                       emit_br(cd, iptr->dst.block);
+                       ALIGNCODENOP;
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_JSR:          /* ... ==> ...                                */
 
-                       M_JMP_IMM(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.jsrtarget.block);
+                       emit_br(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.jsrtarget.block);
+                       ALIGNCODENOP;
                        break;
                        
                case ICMD_IFNULL:       /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
+               case ICMD_IFNONNULL:
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        M_TEST(s1);
-                       M_BEQ(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IFNONNULL:    /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       M_TEST(s1);
-                       M_BNE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
+                       emit_bcc(cd, iptr->dst.block, iptr->opc - ICMD_IFNULL, BRANCH_OPT_NONE);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_IFEQ:         /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
+               case ICMD_IFLT:
+               case ICMD_IFLE:
+               case ICMD_IFNE:
+               case ICMD_IFGT:
+               case ICMD_IFGE:
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        M_ICMP_IMM(iptr->sx.val.i, s1);
-                       M_BEQ(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IFLT:         /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       M_ICMP_IMM(iptr->sx.val.i, s1);
-                       M_BLT(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IFLE:         /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       M_ICMP_IMM(iptr->sx.val.i, s1);
-                       M_BLE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IFNE:         /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       M_ICMP_IMM(iptr->sx.val.i, s1);
-                       M_BNE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IFGT:         /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       M_ICMP_IMM(iptr->sx.val.i, s1);
-                       M_BGT(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IFGE:         /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       M_ICMP_IMM(iptr->sx.val.i, s1);
-                       M_BGE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
+                       emit_bcc(cd, iptr->dst.block, iptr->opc - ICMD_IFEQ, BRANCH_OPT_NONE);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_IF_LEQ:       /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
+               case ICMD_IF_LNE:
+               case ICMD_IF_LLT:
+               case ICMD_IF_LGE:
+               case ICMD_IF_LGT:
+               case ICMD_IF_LLE:
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        if (IS_IMM32(iptr->sx.val.l))
@@ -2304,194 +2129,55 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                                M_MOV_IMM(iptr->sx.val.l, REG_ITMP2);
                                M_LCMP(REG_ITMP2, s1);
                        }
-                       M_BEQ(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_LLT:       /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       if (IS_IMM32(iptr->sx.val.l))
-                               M_LCMP_IMM(iptr->sx.val.l, s1);
-                       else {
-                               M_MOV_IMM(iptr->sx.val.l, REG_ITMP2);
-                               M_LCMP(REG_ITMP2, s1);
-                       }
-                       M_BLT(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_LLE:       /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       if (IS_IMM32(iptr->sx.val.l))
-                               M_LCMP_IMM(iptr->sx.val.l, s1);
-                       else {
-                               M_MOV_IMM(iptr->sx.val.l, REG_ITMP2);
-                               M_LCMP(REG_ITMP2, s1);
-                       }
-                       M_BLE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_LNE:       /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       if (IS_IMM32(iptr->sx.val.l))
-                               M_LCMP_IMM(iptr->sx.val.l, s1);
-                       else {
-                               M_MOV_IMM(iptr->sx.val.l, REG_ITMP2);
-                               M_LCMP(REG_ITMP2, s1);
-                       }
-                       M_BNE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_LGT:       /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       if (IS_IMM32(iptr->sx.val.l))
-                               M_LCMP_IMM(iptr->sx.val.l, s1);
-                       else {
-                               M_MOV_IMM(iptr->sx.val.l, REG_ITMP2);
-                               M_LCMP(REG_ITMP2, s1);
-                       }
-                       M_BGT(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_LGE:       /* ..., value ==> ...                         */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       if (IS_IMM32(iptr->sx.val.l))
-                               M_LCMP_IMM(iptr->sx.val.l, s1);
-                       else {
-                               M_MOV_IMM(iptr->sx.val.l, REG_ITMP2);
-                               M_LCMP(REG_ITMP2, s1);
-                       }
-                       M_BGE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
+                       emit_bcc(cd, iptr->dst.block, iptr->opc - ICMD_IF_LEQ, BRANCH_OPT_NONE);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_IF_ICMPEQ:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
+               case ICMD_IF_ICMPNE:
+               case ICMD_IF_ICMPLT:
+               case ICMD_IF_ICMPGE:
+               case ICMD_IF_ICMPGT:
+               case ICMD_IF_ICMPLE:
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        M_ICMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BEQ(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_LCMPEQ:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
-               case ICMD_IF_ACMPEQ:    /* op1 = target JavaVM pc                     */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       M_LCMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BEQ(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_ICMPNE:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       M_ICMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BNE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_LCMPNE:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
-               case ICMD_IF_ACMPNE:    /* op1 = target JavaVM pc                     */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       M_LCMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BNE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_ICMPLT:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       M_ICMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BLT(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_LCMPLT:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       M_LCMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BLT(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_ICMPGT:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       M_ICMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BGT(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_LCMPGT:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       M_LCMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BGT(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_ICMPLE:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       M_ICMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BLE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
+                       emit_bcc(cd, iptr->dst.block, iptr->opc - ICMD_IF_ICMPEQ, BRANCH_OPT_NONE);
                        break;
 
-               case ICMD_IF_LCMPLE:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
+               case ICMD_IF_ACMPEQ:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
+               case ICMD_IF_ACMPNE:
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        M_LCMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BLE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
+                       emit_bcc(cd, iptr->dst.block, iptr->opc - ICMD_IF_ACMPEQ, BRANCH_OPT_NONE);
                        break;
 
-               case ICMD_IF_ICMPGE:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
-
-                       s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-                       s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
-                       M_ICMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BGE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
-                       break;
-
-               case ICMD_IF_LCMPGE:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
+               case ICMD_IF_LCMPEQ:    /* ..., value, value ==> ...                  */
+               case ICMD_IF_LCMPNE:
+               case ICMD_IF_LCMPLT:
+               case ICMD_IF_LCMPGE:
+               case ICMD_IF_LCMPGT:
+               case ICMD_IF_LCMPLE:
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        s2 = emit_load_s2(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        M_LCMP(s2, s1);
-                       M_BGE(0);
-                       codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->dst.block);
+                       emit_bcc(cd, iptr->dst.block, iptr->opc - ICMD_IF_LCMPEQ, BRANCH_OPT_NONE);
                        break;
 
                case ICMD_IRETURN:      /* ..., retvalue ==> ...                      */
                case ICMD_LRETURN:
 
+                       REPLACEMENT_POINT_RETURN(cd, iptr);
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_RESULT);
                        M_INTMOVE(s1, REG_RESULT);
                        goto nowperformreturn;
 
                case ICMD_ARETURN:      /* ..., retvalue ==> ...                      */
 
+                       REPLACEMENT_POINT_RETURN(cd, iptr);
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_RESULT);
                        M_INTMOVE(s1, REG_RESULT);
 
@@ -2511,12 +2197,15 @@ bool codegen(jitdata *jd)
                case ICMD_FRETURN:      /* ..., retvalue ==> ...                      */
                case ICMD_DRETURN:
 
+                       REPLACEMENT_POINT_RETURN(cd, iptr);
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_FRESULT);
                        M_FLTMOVE(s1, REG_FRESULT);
                        goto nowperformreturn;
 
                case ICMD_RETURN:      /* ...  ==> ...                                */
 
+                       REPLACEMENT_POINT_RETURN(cd, iptr);
+
 nowperformreturn:
                        {
                        s4 i, p;
@@ -2606,21 +2295,20 @@ nowperformreturn:
                                i = i - l + 1;
 
                 /* range check */
-                               M_ICMP_IMM(i - 1, REG_ITMP1);
-                               M_BA(0);
 
-                               codegen_addreference(cd, table[0].block); /* default target */
+                               M_ICMP_IMM(i - 1, REG_ITMP1);
+                               emit_bugt(cd, table[0].block);
 
                                /* build jump table top down and use address of lowest entry */
 
                                table += i;
 
                                while (--i >= 0) {
-                                       dseg_addtarget(cd, table->block);
+                                       dseg_add_target(cd, table->block);
                                        --table;
                                }
 
-                               /* length of dataseg after last dseg_addtarget is used
+                               /* length of dataseg after last dseg_add_target is used
                                   by load */
 
                                M_MOV_IMM(0, REG_ITMP2);
@@ -2645,14 +2333,12 @@ nowperformreturn:
 
                                while (--i >= 0) {
                                        M_ICMP_IMM(lookup->value, s1);
-                                       M_BEQ(0);
-                                       codegen_addreference(cd, lookup->target.block);
+                                       emit_beq(cd, lookup->target.block);
                                        lookup++;
                                }
 
-                               M_JMP_IMM(0);
-                       
-                               codegen_addreference(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.lookupdefault.block);
+                               emit_br(cd, iptr->sx.s23.s3.lookupdefault.block);
+                               ALIGNCODENOP;
                        }
                        break;
 
@@ -2669,6 +2355,8 @@ nowperformreturn:
                case ICMD_INVOKEVIRTUAL:/* op1 = arg count, val.a = method pointer    */
                case ICMD_INVOKEINTERFACE:
 
+                       REPLACEMENT_POINT_INVOKE(cd, iptr);
+
                        if (INSTRUCTION_IS_UNRESOLVED(iptr)) {
                                lm = NULL;
                                um = iptr->sx.s23.s3.um;
@@ -2689,35 +2377,35 @@ gen_method:
 
                        for (s3 = s3 - 1; s3 >= 0; s3--) {
                                var = VAR(iptr->sx.s23.s2.args[s3]);
+                               d   = md->params[s3].regoff;
+
+                               /* already preallocated (ARGVAR)? */
 
-                               /* Already Preallocated (ARGVAR) ? */
                                if (var->flags & PREALLOC)
                                        continue;
 
                                if (IS_INT_LNG_TYPE(var->type)) {
                                        if (!md->params[s3].inmemory) {
-                                               s1 = rd->argintregs[md->params[s3].regoff];
-                                               d = emit_load(jd, iptr, var, s1);
-                                               M_INTMOVE(d, s1);
+                                               s1 = emit_load(jd, iptr, var, d);
+                                               M_INTMOVE(s1, d);
                                        }
                                        else {
-                                               d = emit_load(jd, iptr, var, REG_ITMP1);
-                                               M_LST(d, REG_SP, md->params[s3].regoff * 8);
+                                               s1 = emit_load(jd, iptr, var, REG_ITMP1);
+                                               M_LST(s1, REG_SP, d);
                                        }
                                }
                                else {
                                        if (!md->params[s3].inmemory) {
-                                               s1 = rd->argfltregs[md->params[s3].regoff];
-                                               d = emit_load(jd, iptr, var, s1);
-                                               M_FLTMOVE(d, s1);
+                                               s1 = emit_load(jd, iptr, var, d);
+                                               M_FLTMOVE(s1, d);
                                        }
                                        else {
-                                               d = emit_load(jd, iptr, var, REG_FTMP1);
+                                               s1 = emit_load(jd, iptr, var, REG_FTMP1);
 
                                                if (IS_2_WORD_TYPE(var->type))
-                                                       M_DST(d, REG_SP, md->params[s3].regoff * 8);
+                                                       M_DST(s1, REG_SP, d);
                                                else
-                                                       M_FST(d, REG_SP, md->params[s3].regoff * 8);
+                                                       M_FST(s1, REG_SP, d);
                                        }
                                }
                        }
@@ -2731,24 +2419,17 @@ gen_method:
                                M_MOV_IMM(bte->fp, REG_ITMP1);
                                M_CALL(REG_ITMP1);
 
-                               if (INSTRUCTION_MUST_CHECK(iptr)) {
-                                       M_TEST(REG_RESULT);
-                                       M_BEQ(0);
-                                       codegen_add_fillinstacktrace_ref(cd);
-                               }
+                               emit_exception_check(cd, iptr);
                                break;
 
                        case ICMD_INVOKESPECIAL:
-                               M_TEST(REG_A0);
-                               M_BEQ(0);
-                               codegen_add_nullpointerexception_ref(cd);
-
+                               emit_nullpointer_check(cd, iptr, REG_A0);
                                /* fall through */
 
                        case ICMD_INVOKESTATIC:
                                if (lm == NULL) {
-                                       disp = dseg_addaddress(cd, NULL);
-                                       disp = -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase) + disp;
+                                       disp = dseg_add_unique_address(cd, NULL);
+                                       disp = disp + -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase);
 
                                        /* must be calculated before codegen_add_patch_ref */
 
@@ -2761,8 +2442,8 @@ gen_method:
 /*                                     a = 0; */
                                }
                                else {
-                                       disp = dseg_addaddress(cd, lm->stubroutine);
-                                       disp = -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase) + disp;
+                                       disp = dseg_add_functionptr(cd, lm->stubroutine);
+                                       disp = disp + -((cd->mcodeptr + 7) - cd->mcodebase);
 
 /*                                     a = (ptrint) lm->stubroutine; */
                                }
@@ -2773,26 +2454,23 @@ gen_method:
                                break;
 
                        case ICMD_INVOKEVIRTUAL:
-                               gen_nullptr_check(REG_A0);
-
                                if (lm == NULL) {
                                        codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_invokevirtual, um, 0);
 
                                        s1 = 0;
                                }
-                               else
+                               else {
                                        s1 = OFFSET(vftbl_t, table[0]) +
                                                sizeof(methodptr) * lm->vftblindex;
+                               }
 
-                               M_ALD(REG_METHODPTR, REG_A0,
-                                         OFFSET(java_objectheader, vftbl));
+                               /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                               M_ALD(REG_METHODPTR, REG_A0, OFFSET(java_object_t, vftbl));
                                M_ALD32(REG_ITMP3, REG_METHODPTR, s1);
                                M_CALL(REG_ITMP3);
                                break;
 
                        case ICMD_INVOKEINTERFACE:
-                               gen_nullptr_check(REG_A0);
-
                                if (lm == NULL) {
                                        codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_invokeinterface, um, 0);
 
@@ -2806,8 +2484,8 @@ gen_method:
                                        s2 = sizeof(methodptr) * (lm - lm->class->methods);
                                }
 
-                               M_ALD(REG_METHODPTR, REG_A0,
-                                         OFFSET(java_objectheader, vftbl));
+                               /* implicit null-pointer check */
+                               M_ALD(REG_METHODPTR, REG_A0, OFFSET(java_object_t, vftbl));
                                M_ALD32(REG_METHODPTR, REG_METHODPTR, s1);
                                M_ALD32(REG_ITMP3, REG_METHODPTR, s2);
                                M_CALL(REG_ITMP3);
@@ -2818,41 +2496,35 @@ gen_method:
 
                        PROFILE_CYCLE_START;
 
-                       /* store return value */
+                       /* store size of call code in replacement point */
 
-                       d = md->returntype.type;
+                       REPLACEMENT_POINT_INVOKE_RETURN(cd, iptr);
 
-                       if (d != TYPE_VOID) {
-                               if (IS_INT_LNG_TYPE(d)) {
-                                       s1 = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_RESULT);
-                                       M_INTMOVE(REG_RESULT, s1);
-                               }
-                               else {
-                                       s1 = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_FRESULT);
-                                       M_FLTMOVE(REG_FRESULT, s1);
-                               }
+                       /* store return value */
+
+                       switch (md->returntype.type) {
+                       case TYPE_INT:
+                       case TYPE_LNG:
+                       case TYPE_ADR:
+                               s1 = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_RESULT);
+                               M_INTMOVE(REG_RESULT, s1);
                                emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, s1);
+                               break;
+                       case TYPE_FLT:
+                       case TYPE_DBL:
+                               s1 = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_FRESULT);
+                               M_FLTMOVE(REG_FRESULT, s1);
+                               emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, s1);
+                               break;
+                       default:
+                               /* TYPE_VOID */
+                               break;
                        }
                        break;
 
 
                case ICMD_CHECKCAST:  /* ..., objectref ==> ..., objectref            */
 
-                                     /* val.a: (classinfo *) superclass              */
-
-                       /*  superclass is an interface:
-                        *      
-                        *  OK if ((sub == NULL) ||
-                        *         (sub->vftbl->interfacetablelength > super->index) &&
-                        *         (sub->vftbl->interfacetable[-super->index] != NULL));
-                        *      
-                        *  superclass is a class:
-                        *      
-                        *  OK if ((sub == NULL) || (0
-                        *         <= (sub->vftbl->baseval - super->vftbl->baseval) <=
-                        *         super->vftbl->diffval));
-                        */
-
                        if (!(iptr->flags.bits & INS_FLAG_ARRAY)) {
                                /* object type cast-check */
 
@@ -2861,72 +2533,33 @@ gen_method:
                                s4         superindex;
 
                                if (INSTRUCTION_IS_UNRESOLVED(iptr)) {
-                                       super = NULL;
+                                       super      = NULL;
                                        superindex = 0;
                                        supervftbl = NULL;
                                }
                                else {
-                                       super = iptr->sx.s23.s3.c.cls;
+                                       super      = iptr->sx.s23.s3.c.cls;
                                        superindex = super->index;
                                        supervftbl = super->vftbl;
                                }
 
-#if defined(ENABLE_THREADS)
-                               codegen_threadcritrestart(cd, cd->mcodeptr - cd->mcodebase);
-#endif
-                               s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
-
-                               /* calculate interface checkcast code size */
-
-                               s2 = 3; /* mov_membase_reg */
-                               CALCOFFSETBYTES(s2, s1, OFFSET(java_objectheader, vftbl));
+                               if ((super == NULL) || !(super->flags & ACC_INTERFACE))
+                                       CODEGEN_CRITICAL_SECTION_NEW;
 
-                               s2 += 3 + 4 /* movl_membase32_reg */ + 3 + 4 /* sub imm32 */ +
-                                       3 /* test */ + 6 /* jcc */ + 3 + 4 /* mov_membase32_reg */ +
-                                       3 /* test */ + 6 /* jcc */;
-
-                               if (super == NULL)
-                                       s2 += (opt_shownops ? 5 : 0);
-
-                               /* calculate class checkcast code size */
-
-                               s3 = 3; /* mov_membase_reg */
-                               CALCOFFSETBYTES(s3, s1, OFFSET(java_objectheader, vftbl));
-                               s3 += 10 /* mov_imm_reg */ + 3 + 4 /* movl_membase32_reg */;
-
-#if 0
-                               if (s1 != REG_ITMP1) {
-                                       a += 3;    /* movl_membase_reg - only if REG_ITMP3 == R11 */
-                                       CALCOFFSETBYTES(a, REG_ITMP3, OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval));
-                                       a += 3;    /* movl_membase_reg - only if REG_ITMP3 == R11 */
-                                       CALCOFFSETBYTES(a, REG_ITMP3, OFFSET(vftbl_t, diffval));
-                                       a += 3;    /* sub */
-                               
-                               } else
-#endif
-                                       {
-                                               s3 += 3 + 4 /* movl_membase32_reg */ + 3 /* sub */ +
-                                                       10 /* mov_imm_reg */ + 3 /* movl_membase_reg */;
-                                               CALCOFFSETBYTES(s3, REG_ITMP3, OFFSET(vftbl_t, diffval));
-                                       }
-                       
-                               s3 += 3 /* cmp */ + 6 /* jcc */;
-
-                               if (super == NULL)
-                                       s3 += (opt_shownops ? 5 : 0);
+                               s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
 
                                /* if class is not resolved, check which code to call */
 
                                if (super == NULL) {
                                        M_TEST(s1);
-                                       M_BEQ(6 + (opt_shownops ? 5 : 0) + 7 + 6 + s2 + 5 + s3);
+                                       emit_label_beq(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_1);
 
                                        codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_checkcast_instanceof_flags,
                                                                                  iptr->sx.s23.s3.c.ref, 0);
 
                                        M_IMOV_IMM(0, REG_ITMP2);                 /* super->flags */
                                        M_IAND_IMM(ACC_INTERFACE, REG_ITMP2);
-                                       M_BEQ(s2 + 5);
+                                       emit_label_beq(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_2);
                                }
 
                                /* interface checkcast code */
@@ -2934,47 +2567,46 @@ gen_method:
                                if ((super == NULL) || (super->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)) {
                                        if (super != NULL) {
                                                M_TEST(s1);
-                                               M_BEQ(s2);
+                                               emit_label_beq(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_3);
                                        }
 
-                                       M_ALD(REG_ITMP2, s1, OFFSET(java_objectheader, vftbl));
+                                       M_ALD(REG_ITMP2, s1, OFFSET(java_object_t, vftbl));
 
                                        if (super == NULL) {
-                                               codegen_add_patch_ref(cd,
-                                                                                         PATCHER_checkcast_instanceof_interface,
+                                               codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_checkcast_interface,
                                                                                          iptr->sx.s23.s3.c.ref,
                                                                                          0);
                                        }
 
-                                       emit_movl_membase32_reg(cd, REG_ITMP2,
-                                                                                         OFFSET(vftbl_t, interfacetablelength),
-                                                                                         REG_ITMP3);
-                                       /* XXX TWISTI: should this be int arithmetic? */
-                                       M_LSUB_IMM32(superindex, REG_ITMP3);
-                                       M_TEST(REG_ITMP3);
-                                       M_BLE(0);
-                                       codegen_add_classcastexception_ref(cd, s1);
-                                       emit_mov_membase32_reg(cd, REG_ITMP2,
-                                                                                        OFFSET(vftbl_t, interfacetable[0]) -
-                                                                                        superindex * sizeof(methodptr*),
-                                                                                        REG_ITMP3);
+                                       M_ILD32(REG_ITMP3,
+                                                       REG_ITMP2, OFFSET(vftbl_t, interfacetablelength));
+                                       M_ICMP_IMM32(superindex, REG_ITMP3);
+                                       emit_classcast_check(cd, iptr, BRANCH_LE, REG_ITMP3, s1);
+
+                                       M_ALD32(REG_ITMP3, REG_ITMP2, 
+                                                       OFFSET(vftbl_t, interfacetable[0]) -
+                                                       superindex * sizeof(methodptr*));
                                        M_TEST(REG_ITMP3);
-                                       M_BEQ(0);
-                                       codegen_add_classcastexception_ref(cd, s1);
+                                       emit_classcast_check(cd, iptr, BRANCH_EQ, REG_ITMP3, s1);
 
                                        if (super == NULL)
-                                               M_JMP_IMM(s3);
+                                               emit_label_br(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_4);
+                                       else
+                                               emit_label(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_3);
                                }
 
                                /* class checkcast code */
 
                                if ((super == NULL) || !(super->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)) {
-                                       if (super != NULL) {
+                                       if (super == NULL) {
+                                               emit_label(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_2);
+                                       }
+                                       else {
                                                M_TEST(s1);
-                                               M_BEQ(s3);
+                                               emit_label_beq(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_5);
                                        }
 
-                                       M_ALD(REG_ITMP2, s1, OFFSET(java_objectheader, vftbl));
+                                       M_ALD(REG_ITMP2, s1, OFFSET(java_object_t, vftbl));
 
                                        if (super == NULL) {
                                                codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_checkcast_class,
@@ -2983,12 +2615,11 @@ gen_method:
                                        }
 
                                        M_MOV_IMM(supervftbl, REG_ITMP3);
-#if defined(ENABLE_THREADS)
-                                       codegen_threadcritstart(cd, cd->mcodeptr - cd->mcodebase);
-#endif
-                                       emit_movl_membase32_reg(cd, REG_ITMP2,
-                                                                                         OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval),
-                                                                                         REG_ITMP2);
+
+                                       CODEGEN_CRITICAL_SECTION_START;
+
+                                       M_ILD32(REG_ITMP2, REG_ITMP2, OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval));
+
                                        /*                                      if (s1 != REG_ITMP1) { */
                                        /*                                              emit_movl_membase_reg(cd, REG_ITMP3, */
                                        /*                                                                                              OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval), */
@@ -3002,19 +2633,25 @@ gen_method:
                                        /*                                              emit_alu_reg_reg(cd, ALU_SUB, REG_ITMP1, REG_ITMP2); */
 
                                        /*                                      } else { */
-                                       emit_movl_membase32_reg(cd, REG_ITMP3,
-                                                                                         OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval),
-                                                                                         REG_ITMP3);
-                                       M_LSUB(REG_ITMP3, REG_ITMP2);
+
+                                       M_ILD32(REG_ITMP3, REG_ITMP3, OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval));
+                                       M_ISUB(REG_ITMP3, REG_ITMP2);
                                        M_MOV_IMM(supervftbl, REG_ITMP3);
                                        M_ILD(REG_ITMP3, REG_ITMP3, OFFSET(vftbl_t, diffval));
                                        /*                                      } */
-#if defined(ENABLE_THREADS)
-                                       codegen_threadcritstop(cd, cd->mcodeptr - cd->mcodebase);
-#endif
-                                       M_LCMP(REG_ITMP3, REG_ITMP2);
-                                       M_BA(0);         /* (u) REG_ITMP1 > (u) REG_ITMP2 -> jump */
-                                       codegen_add_classcastexception_ref(cd, s1);
+
+                                       CODEGEN_CRITICAL_SECTION_END;
+
+                                       M_ICMP(REG_ITMP3, REG_ITMP2);
+                                       emit_classcast_check(cd, iptr, BRANCH_UGT, REG_ITMP3, s1);
+
+                                       if (super != NULL)
+                                               emit_label(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_5);
+                               }
+
+                               if (super == NULL) {
+                                       emit_label(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_1);
+                                       emit_label(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_4);
                                }
 
                                d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP3);
@@ -3037,8 +2674,7 @@ gen_method:
                                /* s1 may have been destroyed over the function call */
                                s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                                M_TEST(REG_RESULT);
-                               M_BEQ(0);
-                               codegen_add_classcastexception_ref(cd, s1);
+                               emit_classcast_check(cd, iptr, BRANCH_EQ, REG_RESULT, s1);
 
                                d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
                        }
@@ -3049,168 +2685,125 @@ gen_method:
 
                case ICMD_INSTANCEOF: /* ..., objectref ==> ..., intresult            */
 
-                                     /* val.a: (classinfo *) superclass              */
-
-                       /*  superclass is an interface:
-                        *      
-                        *  return (sub != NULL) &&
-                        *         (sub->vftbl->interfacetablelength > super->index) &&
-                        *         (sub->vftbl->interfacetable[-super->index] != NULL);
-                        *      
-                        *  superclass is a class:
-                        *      
-                        *  return ((sub != NULL) && (0
-                        *          <= (sub->vftbl->baseval - super->vftbl->baseval) <=
-                        *          super->vftbl->diffvall));
-                        */
-
                        {
                        classinfo *super;
                        vftbl_t   *supervftbl;
                        s4         superindex;
 
                        if (INSTRUCTION_IS_UNRESOLVED(iptr)) {
-                               super = NULL;
+                               super      = NULL;
                                superindex = 0;
                                supervftbl = NULL;
-
-                       else {
-                               super = iptr->sx.s23.s3.c.cls;
+                       }
+                       else {
+                               super      = iptr->sx.s23.s3.c.cls;
                                superindex = super->index;
                                supervftbl = super->vftbl;
                        }
 
-#if defined(ENABLE_THREADS)
-            codegen_threadcritrestart(cd, cd->mcodeptr - cd->mcodebase);
-#endif
+                       if ((super == NULL) || !(super->flags & ACC_INTERFACE))
+                               CODEGEN_CRITICAL_SECTION_NEW;
 
                        s1 = emit_load_s1(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP1);
                        d = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_ITMP2);
+
                        if (s1 == d) {
                                M_INTMOVE(s1, REG_ITMP1);
                                s1 = REG_ITMP1;
                        }
 
-                       /* calculate interface instanceof code size */
-
-                       s2 = 3; /* mov_membase_reg */
-                       CALCOFFSETBYTES(s2, s1, OFFSET(java_objectheader, vftbl));
-                       s2 += 3 + 4 /* movl_membase32_reg */ + 3 + 4 /* sub_imm32 */ +
-                               3 /* test */ + 6 /* jcc */ + 3 + 4 /* mov_membase32_reg */ +
-                               3 /* test */ + 4 /* setcc */;
-
-                       if (!super)
-                               s2 += (opt_shownops ? 5 : 0);
-
-                       /* calculate class instanceof code size */
-                       
-                       s3 = 3; /* mov_membase_reg */
-                       CALCOFFSETBYTES(s3, s1, OFFSET(java_objectheader, vftbl));
-                       s3 += 10; /* mov_imm_reg */
-                       s3 += 2; /* movl_membase_reg - only if REG_ITMP1 == RAX */
-                       CALCOFFSETBYTES(s3, REG_ITMP1, OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval));
-                       s3 += 3; /* movl_membase_reg - only if REG_ITMP2 == R10 */
-                       CALCOFFSETBYTES(s3, REG_ITMP2, OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval));
-                       s3 += 3; /* movl_membase_reg - only if REG_ITMP2 == R10 */
-                       CALCOFFSETBYTES(s3, REG_ITMP2, OFFSET(vftbl_t, diffval));
-                       s3 += 3 /* sub */ + 3 /* xor */ + 3 /* cmp */ + 4 /* setcc */;
-
-                       if (super == NULL)
-                               s3 += (opt_shownops ? 5 : 0);
-
-                       emit_alu_reg_reg(cd, ALU_XOR, d, d);
+                       M_CLR(d);
 
                        /* if class is not resolved, check which code to call */
 
                        if (super == NULL) {
-                               emit_test_reg_reg(cd, s1, s1);
-                               emit_jcc(cd, CC_Z, (6 + (opt_shownops ? 5 : 0) +
-                                                                                        7 + 6 + s2 + 5 + s3));
+                               M_TEST(s1);
+                               emit_label_beq(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_1);
 
                                codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_checkcast_instanceof_flags,
                                                                          iptr->sx.s23.s3.c.ref, 0);
 
-                               emit_movl_imm_reg(cd, 0, REG_ITMP3); /* super->flags */
-                               emit_alul_imm_reg(cd, ALU_AND, ACC_INTERFACE, REG_ITMP3);
-                               emit_jcc(cd, CC_Z, s2 + 5);
+                               M_IMOV_IMM(0, REG_ITMP3);                     /* super->flags */
+                               M_IAND_IMM(ACC_INTERFACE, REG_ITMP3);
+                               emit_label_beq(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_2);
                        }
 
                        /* interface instanceof code */
 
                        if ((super == NULL) || (super->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)) {
                                if (super != NULL) {
-                                       emit_test_reg_reg(cd, s1, s1);
-                                       emit_jcc(cd, CC_Z, s2);
+                                       M_TEST(s1);
+                                       emit_label_beq(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_3);
                                }
 
-                               emit_mov_membase_reg(cd, s1,
-                                                                        OFFSET(java_objectheader, vftbl),
-                                                                        REG_ITMP1);
+                               M_ALD(REG_ITMP1, s1, OFFSET(java_object_t, vftbl));
 
                                if (super == NULL) {
-                                       codegen_add_patch_ref(cd,
-                                                                                 PATCHER_checkcast_instanceof_interface,
+                                       codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_instanceof_interface,
                                                                                  iptr->sx.s23.s3.c.ref, 0);
                                }
 
-                               emit_movl_membase32_reg(cd, REG_ITMP1,
-                                                                                 OFFSET(vftbl_t, interfacetablelength),
-                                                                                 REG_ITMP3);
-                               emit_alu_imm32_reg(cd, ALU_SUB, superindex, REG_ITMP3);
-                               emit_test_reg_reg(cd, REG_ITMP3, REG_ITMP3);
+                               M_ILD32(REG_ITMP3,
+                                               REG_ITMP1, OFFSET(vftbl_t, interfacetablelength));
+                               M_ICMP_IMM32(superindex, REG_ITMP3);
 
                                a = 3 + 4 /* mov_membase32_reg */ + 3 /* test */ + 4 /* setcc */;
 
-                               emit_jcc(cd, CC_LE, a);
-                               emit_mov_membase32_reg(cd, REG_ITMP1,
-                                                                                OFFSET(vftbl_t, interfacetable[0]) -
-                                                                                superindex * sizeof(methodptr*),
-                                                                                REG_ITMP1);
-                               emit_test_reg_reg(cd, REG_ITMP1, REG_ITMP1);
-                               emit_setcc_reg(cd, CC_NE, d);
+                               M_BLE(a);
+                               M_ALD32(REG_ITMP1, REG_ITMP1,
+                                               OFFSET(vftbl_t, interfacetable[0]) -
+                                               superindex * sizeof(methodptr*));
+                               M_TEST(REG_ITMP1);
+                               M_SETNE(d);
 
-                               if (!super)
-                                       emit_jmp_imm(cd, s3);
+                               if (super == NULL)
+                                       emit_label_br(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_4);
+                               else
+                                       emit_label(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_3);
                        }
 
                        /* class instanceof code */
 
                        if ((super == NULL) || !(super->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)) {
-                               if (super != NULL) {
-                                       emit_test_reg_reg(cd, s1, s1);
-                                       emit_jcc(cd, CC_E, s3);
+                               if (super == NULL) {
+                                       emit_label(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_2);
+                               }
+                               else {
+                                       M_TEST(s1);
+                                       emit_label_beq(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_5);
                                }
 
-                               emit_mov_membase_reg(cd, s1,
-                                                                          OFFSET(java_objectheader, vftbl),
-                                                                          REG_ITMP1);
+                               M_ALD(REG_ITMP1, s1, OFFSET(java_object_t, vftbl));
 
                                if (super == NULL) {
                                        codegen_add_patch_ref(cd, PATCHER_instanceof_class,
                                                                                  iptr->sx.s23.s3.c.ref, 0);
                                }
 
-                               emit_mov_imm_reg(cd, (ptrint) supervftbl, REG_ITMP2);
-#if defined(ENABLE_THREADS)
-                               codegen_threadcritstart(cd, cd->mcodeptr - cd->mcodebase);
-#endif
-                               emit_movl_membase_reg(cd, REG_ITMP1,
-                                                                               OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval),
-                                                                               REG_ITMP1);
-                               emit_movl_membase_reg(cd, REG_ITMP2,
-                                                                               OFFSET(vftbl_t, diffval),
-                                                                               REG_ITMP3);
-                               emit_movl_membase_reg(cd, REG_ITMP2,
-                                                                               OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval),
-                                                                               REG_ITMP2);
-#if defined(ENABLE_THREADS)
-                               codegen_threadcritstop(cd, cd->mcodeptr - cd->mcodebase);
-#endif
-                               emit_alu_reg_reg(cd, ALU_SUB, REG_ITMP2, REG_ITMP1);
-                               emit_alu_reg_reg(cd, ALU_XOR, d, d); /* may be REG_ITMP2 */
-                               emit_alu_reg_reg(cd, ALU_CMP, REG_ITMP3, REG_ITMP1);
-                               emit_setcc_reg(cd, CC_BE, d);
+                               M_MOV_IMM(supervftbl, REG_ITMP2);
+
+                               CODEGEN_CRITICAL_SECTION_START;
+
+                               M_ILD(REG_ITMP1, REG_ITMP1, OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval));
+                               M_ILD(REG_ITMP3, REG_ITMP2, OFFSET(vftbl_t, diffval));
+                               M_ILD(REG_ITMP2, REG_ITMP2, OFFSET(vftbl_t, baseval));
+
+                               CODEGEN_CRITICAL_SECTION_END;
+
+                               M_ISUB(REG_ITMP2, REG_ITMP1);
+                               M_CLR(d); /* may be REG_ITMP2 */
+                               M_ICMP(REG_ITMP3, REG_ITMP1);
+                               M_SETULE(d);
+
+                               if (super != NULL)
+                                       emit_label(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_5);
+                       }
+
+                       if (super == NULL) {
+                               emit_label(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_1);
+                               emit_label(cd, BRANCH_LABEL_4);
                        }
+
                        emit_store_dst(jd, iptr, d);
                        }
                        break;
@@ -3257,9 +2850,7 @@ gen_method:
 
                        /* check for exception before result assignment */
 
-                       M_TEST(REG_RESULT);
-                       M_BEQ(0);
-                       codegen_add_fillinstacktrace_ref(cd);
+                       emit_exception_check(cd, iptr);
 
                        s1 = codegen_reg_of_dst(jd, iptr, REG_RESULT);
                        M_INTMOVE(REG_RESULT, s1);
@@ -3267,7 +2858,8 @@ gen_method:
                        break;
 
                default:
-                       *exceptionptr = new_internalerror("Unknown ICMD %d", iptr->opc);
+                       exceptions_throw_internalerror("Unknown ICMD %d during code generation",
+                                                                                  iptr->opc);
                        return false;
        } /* switch */
 
@@ -3293,13 +2885,7 @@ gen_method:
 
        /* generate stubs */
 
-       emit_exception_stubs(jd);
        emit_patcher_stubs(jd);
-#if 0
-       emit_replacement_stubs(jd);
-#endif
-
-       codegen_finish(jd);
 
        /* everything's ok */
 
@@ -3307,92 +2893,52 @@ gen_method:
 }
 
 
-/* createcompilerstub **********************************************************
+/* codegen_emit_stub_compiler **************************************************
 
-   Creates a stub routine which calls the compiler.
+   Emit a stub routine which calls the compiler.
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-#define COMPILERSTUB_DATASIZE    3 * SIZEOF_VOID_P
-#define COMPILERSTUB_CODESIZE    7 + 7 + 3
-
-#define COMPILERSTUB_SIZE        COMPILERSTUB_DATASIZE + COMPILERSTUB_CODESIZE
-
-
-u1 *createcompilerstub(methodinfo *m)
+void codegen_emit_stub_compiler(jitdata *jd)
 {
-       u1          *s;                     /* memory to hold the stub            */
-       ptrint      *d;
-       codeinfo    *code;
+       methodinfo  *m;
        codegendata *cd;
-       s4           dumpsize;
-
-       s = CNEW(u1, COMPILERSTUB_SIZE);
-
-       /* set data pointer and code pointer */
-
-       d = (ptrint *) s;
-       s = s + COMPILERSTUB_DATASIZE;
-
-       /* mark start of dump memory area */
-
-       dumpsize = dump_size();
-
-       cd = DNEW(codegendata);
-       cd->mcodeptr = s;
 
-       /* Store the codeinfo pointer in the same place as in the
-          methodheader for compiled methods. */
-
-       code = code_codeinfo_new(m);
+       /* get required compiler data */
 
-       d[0] = (ptrint) asm_call_jit_compiler;
-       d[1] = (ptrint) m;
-       d[2] = (ptrint) code;
+       m  = jd->m;
+       cd = jd->cd;
 
        /* code for the stub */
 
        M_ALD(REG_ITMP1, RIP, -(7 * 1 + 2 * SIZEOF_VOID_P));       /* methodinfo  */
        M_ALD(REG_ITMP3, RIP, -(7 * 2 + 3 * SIZEOF_VOID_P));  /* compiler pointer */
        M_JMP(REG_ITMP3);
-
-#if defined(ENABLE_STATISTICS)
-       if (opt_stat)
-               count_cstub_len += COMPILERSTUB_SIZE;
-#endif
-
-       /* release dump area */
-
-       dump_release(dumpsize);
-
-       return s;
 }
 
 
-/* createnativestub ************************************************************
+/* codegen_emit_stub_native ****************************************************
 
-   Creates a stub routine which calls a native method.
+   Emits a stub routine which calls a native method.
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-u1 *createnativestub(functionptr f, jitdata *jd, methoddesc *nmd)
+void codegen_emit_stub_native(jitdata *jd, methoddesc *nmd, functionptr f)
 {
-       methodinfo   *m;
-       codeinfo     *code;
-       codegendata  *cd;
-       registerdata *rd;
-       methoddesc   *md;
-       s4            nativeparams;
-       s4            i, j;                 /* count variables                    */
-       s4            t;
-       s4            s1, s2;
+       methodinfo  *m;
+       codeinfo    *code;
+       codegendata *cd;
+       methoddesc  *md;
+       s4           nativeparams;
+       s4           i, j;
+       s4           t;
+       s4           s1, s2;
 
        /* get required compiler data */
 
        m    = jd->m;
        code = jd->code;
        cd   = jd->cd;
-       rd   = jd->rd;
 
        /* initialize variables */
 
@@ -3404,7 +2950,7 @@ u1 *createnativestub(functionptr f, jitdata *jd, methoddesc *nmd)
        cd->stackframesize =
                sizeof(stackframeinfo) / SIZEOF_VOID_P +
                sizeof(localref_table) / SIZEOF_VOID_P +
-               INT_ARG_CNT + FLT_ARG_CNT +
+               md->paramcount +
                1 +                       /* functionptr, TODO: store in data segment */
                nmd->memuse;
 
@@ -3412,15 +2958,16 @@ u1 *createnativestub(functionptr f, jitdata *jd, methoddesc *nmd)
 
        /* create method header */
 
-       (void) dseg_addaddress(cd, code);                      /* CodeinfoPointer */
-       (void) dseg_adds4(cd, cd->stackframesize * 8);         /* FrameSize       */
-       (void) dseg_adds4(cd, 0);                              /* IsSync          */
-       (void) dseg_adds4(cd, 0);                              /* IsLeaf          */
-       (void) dseg_adds4(cd, 0);                              /* IntSave         */
-       (void) dseg_adds4(cd, 0);                              /* FltSave         */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_address(cd, code);              /* CodeinfoPointer */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, cd->stackframesize * 8); /* FrameSize       */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, 0);                      /* IsSync          */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, 0);                      /* IsLeaf          */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, 0);                      /* IntSave         */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, 0);                      /* FltSave         */
        (void) dseg_addlinenumbertablesize(cd);
-       (void) dseg_adds4(cd, 0);                              /* ExTableSize     */
+       (void) dseg_add_unique_s4(cd, 0);                      /* ExTableSize     */
 
+#if defined(ENABLE_PROFILING)
        /* generate native method profiling code */
 
        if (JITDATA_HAS_FLAG_INSTRUMENT(jd)) {
@@ -3429,6 +2976,7 @@ u1 *createnativestub(functionptr f, jitdata *jd, methoddesc *nmd)
                M_MOV_IMM(code, REG_ITMP3);
                M_IINC_MEMBASE(REG_ITMP3, OFFSET(codeinfo, frequency));
        }
+#endif
 
        /* generate stub code */
 
@@ -3448,23 +2996,27 @@ u1 *createnativestub(functionptr f, jitdata *jd, methoddesc *nmd)
 
        M_MOV_IMM(f, REG_ITMP3);
 
-
        /* save integer and float argument registers */
 
-       for (i = 0, j = 0; i < md->paramcount; i++) {
+       for (i = 0; i < md->paramcount; i++) {
                if (!md->params[i].inmemory) {
                        s1 = md->params[i].regoff;
 
-                       if (IS_INT_LNG_TYPE(md->paramtypes[i].type))
-                               M_LST(rd->argintregs[s1], REG_SP, j * 8);
-                       else
-                               M_DST(rd->argfltregs[s1], REG_SP, j * 8);
-
-                       j++;
+                       switch (md->paramtypes[i].type) {
+                       case TYPE_INT:
+                       case TYPE_LNG:
+                       case TYPE_ADR:
+                               M_LST(s1, REG_SP, i * 8);
+                               break;
+                       case TYPE_FLT:
+                       case TYPE_DBL:
+                               M_DST(s1, REG_SP, i * 8);
+                               break;
+                       }
                }
        }
 
-       M_AST(REG_ITMP3, REG_SP, (INT_ARG_CNT + FLT_ARG_CNT) * 8);
+       M_AST(REG_ITMP3, REG_SP, md->paramcount * 8);
 
        /* create dynamic stack info */
 
@@ -3477,61 +3029,61 @@ u1 *createnativestub(functionptr f, jitdata *jd, methoddesc *nmd)
 
        /* restore integer and float argument registers */
 
-       for (i = 0, j = 0; i < md->paramcount; i++) {
+       for (i = 0; i < md->paramcount; i++) {
                if (!md->params[i].inmemory) {
                        s1 = md->params[i].regoff;
 
-                       if (IS_INT_LNG_TYPE(md->paramtypes[i].type))
-                               M_LLD(rd->argintregs[s1], REG_SP, j * 8);
-                       else
-                               M_DLD(rd->argfltregs[s1], REG_SP, j * 8);
-
-                       j++;
+                       switch (md->paramtypes[i].type) {
+                       case TYPE_INT:
+                       case TYPE_LNG:
+                       case TYPE_ADR:
+                               M_LLD(s1, REG_SP, i * 8);
+                               break;
+                       case TYPE_FLT:
+                       case TYPE_DBL:
+                               M_DLD(s1, REG_SP, i * 8);
+                               break;
+                       }
                }
        }
 
-       M_ALD(REG_ITMP3, REG_SP, (INT_ARG_CNT + FLT_ARG_CNT) * 8);
-
+       M_ALD(REG_ITMP3, REG_SP, md->paramcount * 8);
 
        /* copy or spill arguments to new locations */
 
        for (i = md->paramcount - 1, j = i + nativeparams; i >= 0; i--, j--) {
-               t = md->paramtypes[i].type;
+               t  = md->paramtypes[i].type;
+               s2 = nmd->params[j].regoff;
 
                if (IS_INT_LNG_TYPE(t)) {
                        if (!md->params[i].inmemory) {
-                               s1 = rd->argintregs[md->params[i].regoff];
+                               s1 = md->params[i].regoff;
 
-                               if (!nmd->params[j].inmemory) {
-                                       s2 = rd->argintregs[nmd->params[j].regoff];
+                               if (!nmd->params[j].inmemory)
                                        M_INTMOVE(s1, s2);
-
-                               } else {
-                                       s2 = nmd->params[j].regoff;
-                                       M_LST(s1, REG_SP, s2 * 8);
-                               }
-
-                       } else {
-                               s1 = md->params[i].regoff + cd->stackframesize + 1;   /* + 1 (RA) */
-                               s2 = nmd->params[j].regoff;
-                               M_LLD(REG_ITMP1, REG_SP, s1 * 8);
-                               M_LST(REG_ITMP1, REG_SP, s2 * 8);
+                               else
+                                       M_LST(s1, REG_SP, s2);
                        }
-
-               } else {
-                       /* We only copy spilled float arguments, as the float argument    */
-                       /* registers keep unchanged.                                      */
+                       else {
+                               s1 = md->params[i].regoff + cd->stackframesize * 8 + 8;/* +1 (RA) */
+                               M_LLD(REG_ITMP1, REG_SP, s1);
+                               M_LST(REG_ITMP1, REG_SP, s2);
+                       }
+               }
+               else {
+                       /* We only copy spilled float arguments, as the float
+                          argument registers keep unchanged. */
 
                        if (md->params[i].inmemory) {
-                               s1 = md->params[i].regoff + cd->stackframesize + 1;   /* + 1 (RA) */
-                               s2 = nmd->params[j].regoff;
+                               s1 = md->params[i].regoff + cd->stackframesize * 8 + 8;/* +1 (RA) */
 
                                if (IS_2_WORD_TYPE(t)) {
-                                       M_DLD(REG_FTMP1, REG_SP, s1 * 8);
-                                       M_DST(REG_FTMP1, REG_SP, s2 * 8);
-                               } else {
-                                       M_FLD(REG_FTMP1, REG_SP, s1 * 8);
-                                       M_FST(REG_FTMP1, REG_SP, s2 * 8);
+                                       M_DLD(REG_FTMP1, REG_SP, s1);
+                                       M_DST(REG_FTMP1, REG_SP, s2);
+                               }
+                               else {
+                                       M_FLD(REG_FTMP1, REG_SP, s1);
+                                       M_FST(REG_FTMP1, REG_SP, s2);
                                }
                        }
                }
@@ -3552,11 +3104,18 @@ u1 *createnativestub(functionptr f, jitdata *jd, methoddesc *nmd)
 
        /* save return value */
 
-       if (md->returntype.type != TYPE_VOID) {
-               if (IS_INT_LNG_TYPE(md->returntype.type))
-                       M_LST(REG_RESULT, REG_SP, 0 * 8);
-               else
-                       M_DST(REG_FRESULT, REG_SP, 0 * 8);
+       switch (md->returntype.type) {
+       case TYPE_INT:
+       case TYPE_LNG:
+       case TYPE_ADR:
+               M_LST(REG_RESULT, REG_SP, 0 * 8);
+               break;
+       case TYPE_FLT:
+       case TYPE_DBL:
+               M_DST(REG_FRESULT, REG_SP, 0 * 8);
+               break;
+       case TYPE_VOID:
+               break;
        }
 
 #if !defined(NDEBUG)
@@ -3573,11 +3132,18 @@ u1 *createnativestub(functionptr f, jitdata *jd, methoddesc *nmd)
 
        /* restore return value */
 
-       if (md->returntype.type != TYPE_VOID) {
-               if (IS_INT_LNG_TYPE(md->returntype.type))
-                       M_LLD(REG_RESULT, REG_SP, 0 * 8);
-               else
-                       M_DLD(REG_FRESULT, REG_SP, 0 * 8);
+       switch (md->returntype.type) {
+       case TYPE_INT:
+       case TYPE_LNG:
+       case TYPE_ADR:
+               M_LLD(REG_RESULT, REG_SP, 0 * 8);
+               break;
+       case TYPE_FLT:
+       case TYPE_DBL:
+               M_DLD(REG_FRESULT, REG_SP, 0 * 8);
+               break;
+       case TYPE_VOID:
+               break;
        }
 
        /* remove stackframe */
@@ -3602,10 +3168,6 @@ u1 *createnativestub(functionptr f, jitdata *jd, methoddesc *nmd)
        /* generate patcher stubs */
 
        emit_patcher_stubs(jd);
-
-       codegen_finish(jd);
-
-       return code->entrypoint;
 }