Merge some useful changes from MD
[mono.git] / mcs / mcs / codegen.cs
index defe25b92ef420583c62def1043417d94fda6d08..530eb91e3b93b2d126f36a3638d1590c8662483c 100644 (file)
 //
 // codegen.cs: The code generator
 //
-// Author:
+// Authors:
 //   Miguel de Icaza (miguel@ximian.com)
+//   Marek Safar (marek.safar@gmail.com)
 //
 // Copyright 2001, 2002, 2003 Ximian, Inc.
 // Copyright 2004 Novell, Inc.
 //
 
-//
-// Please leave this defined on SVN: The idea is that when we ship the
-// compiler to end users, if the compiler crashes, they have a chance
-// to narrow down the problem.   
-//
-// Only remove it if you need to debug locally on your tree.
-//
-//#define PRODUCTION
-
 using System;
-using System.IO;
-using System.Collections;
-using System.Collections.Specialized;
-using System.Globalization;
-using System.Reflection;
-using System.Reflection.Emit;
-using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
-using System.Security;
-using System.Security.Cryptography;
-using System.Security.Permissions;
-
-using Mono.Security.Cryptography;
-
-namespace Mono.CSharp {
-
-       /// <summary>
-       ///    Code generator class.
-       /// </summary>
-       public class CodeGen {
-               static AppDomain current_domain;
-
-               public static AssemblyClass Assembly;
-
-               static CodeGen ()
-               {
-                       Reset ();
-               }
-
-               public static void Reset ()
-               {
-                       Assembly = new AssemblyClass ();
-               }
-
-               public static string Basename (string name)
-               {
-                       int pos = name.LastIndexOf ('/');
-
-                       if (pos != -1)
-                               return name.Substring (pos + 1);
-
-                       pos = name.LastIndexOf ('\\');
-                       if (pos != -1)
-                               return name.Substring (pos + 1);
-
-                       return name;
-               }
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 
-               public static string Dirname (string name)
-               {
-                       int pos = name.LastIndexOf ('/');
-
-                       if (pos != -1)
-                               return name.Substring (0, pos);
-
-                       pos = name.LastIndexOf ('\\');
-                       if (pos != -1)
-                               return name.Substring (0, pos);
-
-                       return ".";
-               }
-
-               static public string FileName;
-
-#if MS_COMPATIBLE
-               const AssemblyBuilderAccess COMPILER_ACCESS = 0;
+#if STATIC
+using MetaType = IKVM.Reflection.Type;
+using IKVM.Reflection;
+using IKVM.Reflection.Emit;
 #else
-               /* Keep this in sync with System.Reflection.Emit.AssemblyBuilder */
-               const AssemblyBuilderAccess COMPILER_ACCESS = (AssemblyBuilderAccess) 0x800;
-#endif
-                               
-               //
-               // Initializes the code generator variables for interactive use (repl)
-               //
-               static public void InitDynamic (string name)
-               {
-                       current_domain = AppDomain.CurrentDomain;
-                       AssemblyName an = Assembly.GetAssemblyName (name, name);
-                       
-                       Assembly.Builder = current_domain.DefineDynamicAssembly (an, AssemblyBuilderAccess.Run | COMPILER_ACCESS);
-                       RootContext.ToplevelTypes = new ModuleContainer (true);
-                       RootContext.ToplevelTypes.Builder = Assembly.Builder.DefineDynamicModule (Basename (name), false);
-                       Assembly.Name = Assembly.Builder.GetName ();
-               }
-               
-               //
-               // Initializes the code generator variables
-               //
-               static public bool Init (string name, string output, bool want_debugging_support)
-               {
-                       FileName = output;
-                       AssemblyName an = Assembly.GetAssemblyName (name, output);
-                       if (an == null)
-                               return false;
-
-                       if (an.KeyPair != null) {
-                               // If we are going to strong name our assembly make
-                               // sure all its refs are strong named
-                               foreach (Assembly a in GlobalRootNamespace.Instance.Assemblies) {
-                                       AssemblyName ref_name = a.GetName ();
-                                       byte [] b = ref_name.GetPublicKeyToken ();
-                                       if (b == null || b.Length == 0) {
-                                               Report.Error (1577, "Assembly generation failed " +
-                                                               "-- Referenced assembly '" +
-                                                               ref_name.Name +
-                                                               "' does not have a strong name.");
-                                               //Environment.Exit (1);
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-                       
-                       current_domain = AppDomain.CurrentDomain;
-
-                       try {
-                               Assembly.Builder = current_domain.DefineDynamicAssembly (an,
-                                       AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave | COMPILER_ACCESS, Dirname (name));
-                       }
-                       catch (ArgumentException) {
-                               // specified key may not be exportable outside it's container
-                               if (RootContext.StrongNameKeyContainer != null) {
-                                       Report.Error (1548, "Could not access the key inside the container `" +
-                                               RootContext.StrongNameKeyContainer + "'.");
-                                       Environment.Exit (1);
-                               }
-                               throw;
-                       }
-                       catch (CryptographicException) {
-                               if ((RootContext.StrongNameKeyContainer != null) || (RootContext.StrongNameKeyFile != null)) {
-                                       Report.Error (1548, "Could not use the specified key to strongname the assembly.");
-                                       Environment.Exit (1);
-                               }
-                               return false;
-                       }
-
-                       // Get the complete AssemblyName from the builder
-                       // (We need to get the public key and token)
-                       Assembly.Name = Assembly.Builder.GetName ();
-
-                       //
-                       // Pass a path-less name to DefineDynamicModule.  Wonder how
-                       // this copes with output in different directories then.
-                       // FIXME: figure out how this copes with --output /tmp/blah
-                       //
-                       // If the third argument is true, the ModuleBuilder will dynamically
-                       // load the default symbol writer.
-                       //
-                       try {
-                               RootContext.ToplevelTypes.Builder = Assembly.Builder.DefineDynamicModule (
-                                       Basename (name), Basename (output), want_debugging_support);
-
-#if !MS_COMPATIBLE
-                               // TODO: We should use SymbolWriter from DefineDynamicModule
-                               if (want_debugging_support && !SymbolWriter.Initialize (RootContext.ToplevelTypes.Builder, output)) {
-                                       Report.Error (40, "Unexpected debug information initialization error `{0}'",
-                                               "Could not find the symbol writer assembly (Mono.CompilerServices.SymbolWriter.dll)");
-                                       return false;
-                               }
-#endif
-                       } catch (ExecutionEngineException e) {
-                               Report.Error (40, "Unexpected debug information initialization error `{0}'",
-                                       e.Message);
-                               return false;
-                       }
-
-                       return true;
-               }
-
-               static public void Save (string name, bool saveDebugInfo)
-               {
-#if GMCS_SOURCE
-                       PortableExecutableKinds pekind;
-                       ImageFileMachine machine;
-
-                       switch (RootContext.Platform) {
-                       case Platform.X86:
-                               pekind = PortableExecutableKinds.Required32Bit;
-                               machine = ImageFileMachine.I386;
-                               break;
-                       case Platform.X64:
-                               pekind = PortableExecutableKinds.PE32Plus;
-                               machine = ImageFileMachine.AMD64;
-                               break;
-                       case Platform.IA64:
-                               pekind = PortableExecutableKinds.PE32Plus;
-                               machine = ImageFileMachine.IA64;
-                               break;
-                       case Platform.AnyCPU:
-                       default:
-                               pekind = PortableExecutableKinds.ILOnly;
-                               machine = ImageFileMachine.I386;
-                               break;
-                       }
-#endif
-                       try {
-#if GMCS_SOURCE
-                               Assembly.Builder.Save (Basename (name), pekind, machine);
-#else
-                               Assembly.Builder.Save (Basename (name));
+using MetaType = System.Type;
+using System.Reflection;
+using System.Reflection.Emit;
 #endif
-                       }
-                       catch (COMException) {
-                               if ((RootContext.StrongNameKeyFile == null) || (!RootContext.StrongNameDelaySign))
-                                       throw;
-
-                               // FIXME: it seems Microsoft AssemblyBuilder doesn't like to delay sign assemblies 
-                               Report.Error (1548, "Couldn't delay-sign the assembly with the '" +
-                                       RootContext.StrongNameKeyFile +
-                                       "', Use MCS with the Mono runtime or CSC to compile this assembly.");
-                       }
-                       catch (System.IO.IOException io) {
-                               Report.Error (16, "Could not write to file `"+name+"', cause: " + io.Message);
-                               return;
-                       }
-                       catch (System.UnauthorizedAccessException ua) {
-                               Report.Error (16, "Could not write to file `"+name+"', cause: " + ua.Message);
-                               return;
-                       }
-                       catch (System.NotImplementedException nie) {
-                               Report.RuntimeMissingSupport (Location.Null, nie.Message);
-                               return;
-                       }
-
-                       //
-                       // Write debuger symbol file
-                       //
-                       if (saveDebugInfo)
-                               SymbolWriter.WriteSymbolFile ();
-                       }
-       }
-
 
+namespace Mono.CSharp
+{
        /// <summary>
        ///   An Emit Context is created for each body of code (from methods,
        ///   properties bodies, indexer bodies or constructor bodies)
        /// </summary>
-       public class EmitContext {
-
-               [Flags]
-               public enum Options
-               {
-                       /// <summary>
-                       ///   This flag tracks the `checked' state of the compilation,
-                       ///   it controls whether we should generate code that does overflow
-                       ///   checking, or if we generate code that ignores overflows.
-                       ///
-                       ///   The default setting comes from the command line option to generate
-                       ///   checked or unchecked code plus any source code changes using the
-                       ///   checked/unchecked statements or expressions.   Contrast this with
-                       ///   the ConstantCheckState flag.
-                       /// </summary>
-                       CheckedScope = 1 << 0,
-
-                       /// <summary>
-                       ///   The constant check state is always set to `true' and cant be changed
-                       ///   from the command line.  The source code can change this setting with
-                       ///   the `checked' and `unchecked' statements and expressions. 
-                       /// </summary>
-                       ConstantCheckState = 1 << 1,
-
-                       AllCheckStateFlags = CheckedScope | ConstantCheckState,
-
-                       OmitDebugInfo = 1 << 2,
-
-                       ConstructorScope = 1 << 3
-               }
-
-               // utility helper for CheckExpr, UnCheckExpr, Checked and Unchecked statements
-               // it's public so that we can use a struct at the callsite
-               public struct FlagsHandle : IDisposable
-               {
-                       EmitContext ec;
-                       readonly Options invmask, oldval;
-
-                       public FlagsHandle (EmitContext ec, Options flagsToSet)
-                               : this (ec, flagsToSet, flagsToSet)
-                       {
-                       }
-
-                       internal FlagsHandle (EmitContext ec, Options mask, Options val)
-                       {
-                               this.ec = ec;
-                               invmask = ~mask;
-                               oldval = ec.flags & mask;
-                               ec.flags = (ec.flags & invmask) | (val & mask);
-                       }
-
-                       public void Dispose ()
-                       {
-                               ec.flags = (ec.flags & invmask) | oldval;
-                       }
-               }
-
-               Options flags;
-
-               public ILGenerator ig;
+       public class EmitContext : BuilderContext
+       {
+               // TODO: Has to be private
+               public readonly ILGenerator ig;
 
                /// <summary>
                ///   The value that is allowed to be returned or NULL if there is no
                ///   return type.
                /// </summary>
-               protected Type return_type;
+               readonly TypeSpec return_type;
 
                /// <summary>
                ///   Keeps track of the Type to LocalBuilder temporary storage created
                ///   to store structures (used to compute the address of the structure
                ///   value on structure method invocations)
                /// </summary>
-               public Hashtable temporary_storage;
+               Dictionary<TypeSpec, object> temporary_storage;
 
                /// <summary>
                ///   The location where we store the return value.
@@ -342,53 +62,95 @@ namespace Mono.CSharp {
                /// </summary>
                public bool HasReturnLabel;
 
+               /// <summary>
+               ///   Current loop begin and end labels.
+               /// </summary>
+               public Label LoopBegin, LoopEnd;
+
+               /// <summary>
+               ///   Default target in a switch statement.   Only valid if
+               ///   InSwitch is true
+               /// </summary>
+               public Label DefaultTarget;
+
+               /// <summary>
+               ///   If this is non-null, points to the current switch statement
+               /// </summary>
+               public Switch Switch;
+
                /// <summary>
                ///  Whether we are inside an anonymous method.
                /// </summary>
                public AnonymousExpression CurrentAnonymousMethod;
                
-               public readonly IMemberContext MemberContext;
+               readonly IMemberContext member_context;
+
+               DynamicSiteClass dynamic_site_container;
 
-               public EmitContext (IMemberContext rc, ILGenerator ig, Type return_type)
+               public EmitContext (IMemberContext rc, ILGenerator ig, TypeSpec return_type)
                {
-                       this.MemberContext = rc;
+                       this.member_context = rc;
                        this.ig = ig;
 
                        this.return_type = return_type;
+
+#if STATIC
+                       ig.__CleverExceptionBlockAssistance ();
+#endif
                }
 
-               public Type CurrentType {
-                       get { return MemberContext.CurrentType; }
+               #region Properties
+
+               public TypeSpec CurrentType {
+                       get { return member_context.CurrentType; }
                }
 
                public TypeParameter[] CurrentTypeParameters {
-                       get { return MemberContext.CurrentTypeParameters; }
+                       get { return member_context.CurrentTypeParameters; }
                }
 
-               public TypeContainer CurrentTypeDefinition {
-                       get { return MemberContext.CurrentTypeDefinition; }
+               public MemberCore CurrentTypeDefinition {
+                       get { return member_context.CurrentMemberDefinition; }
                }
 
-               public bool HasSet (Options options)
-               {
-                       return (this.flags & options) == options;
+               public bool IsStatic {
+                       get { return member_context.IsStatic; }
                }
 
-               // Temporarily set all the given flags to the given value.  Should be used in an 'using' statement
-               public FlagsHandle With (Options options, bool enable)
-               {
-                       return new FlagsHandle (this, options, enable ? options : 0);
+               bool IsAnonymousStoreyMutateRequired {
+                       get {
+                               return CurrentAnonymousMethod != null &&
+                                       CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey != null &&
+                                       CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey.Mutator != null;
+                       }
                }
-               
-               public bool IsStatic {
-                       get { return MemberContext.IsStatic; }
+
+               public IMemberContext MemberContext {
+                       get {
+                               return member_context;
+                       }
                }
 
-               public Type ReturnType {
+               public ModuleContainer Module {
+                       get {
+                               return member_context.Module;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               // Has to be used for specific emitter errors only any
+               // possible resolver errors have to be reported during Resolve
+               public Report Report {
+                       get {
+                               return member_context.Module.Compiler.Report;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               public TypeSpec ReturnType {
                        get {
                                return return_type;
                        }
                }
+               #endregion
 
                /// <summary>
                ///   This is called immediately before emitting an IL opcode to tell the symbol
@@ -407,653 +169,486 @@ namespace Mono.CSharp {
                        SymbolWriter.DefineLocalVariable (name, builder);
                }
 
-               public void BeginScope ()
+               public void BeginCatchBlock (TypeSpec type)
                {
-                       ig.BeginScope();
-                       SymbolWriter.OpenScope(ig);
+                       ig.BeginCatchBlock (type.GetMetaInfo ());
                }
 
-               public void EndScope ()
+               public void BeginExceptionBlock ()
                {
-                       ig.EndScope();
-                       SymbolWriter.CloseScope(ig);
+                       ig.BeginExceptionBlock ();
                }
 
-               /// <summary>
-               ///   Returns a temporary storage for a variable of type t as 
-               ///   a local variable in the current body.
-               /// </summary>
-               public LocalBuilder GetTemporaryLocal (Type t)
+               public void BeginFinallyBlock ()
                {
-                       if (temporary_storage != null) {
-                               object o = temporary_storage [t];
-                               if (o != null) {
-                                       if (o is Stack) {
-                                               Stack s = (Stack) o;
-                                               o = s.Count == 0 ? null : s.Pop ();
-                                       } else {
-                                               temporary_storage.Remove (t);
-                                       }
-                               }
-                               if (o != null)
-                                       return (LocalBuilder) o;
-                       }
-                       return ig.DeclareLocal (t);
+                       ig.BeginFinallyBlock ();
                }
 
-               public void FreeTemporaryLocal (LocalBuilder b, Type t)
+               public void BeginScope ()
                {
-                       if (temporary_storage == null) {
-                               temporary_storage = new Hashtable ();
-                               temporary_storage [t] = b;
-                               return;
-                       }
-                       object o = temporary_storage [t];
-                       if (o == null) {
-                               temporary_storage [t] = b;
-                               return;
-                       }
-                       Stack s = o as Stack;
-                       if (s == null) {
-                               s = new Stack ();
-                               s.Push (o);
-                               temporary_storage [t] = s;
-                       }
-                       s.Push (b);
+                       SymbolWriter.OpenScope(ig);
                }
 
-               /// <summary>
-               ///   Current loop begin and end labels.
-               /// </summary>
-               public Label LoopBegin, LoopEnd;
-
-               /// <summary>
-               ///   Default target in a switch statement.   Only valid if
-               ///   InSwitch is true
-               /// </summary>
-               public Label DefaultTarget;
-
-               /// <summary>
-               ///   If this is non-null, points to the current switch statement
-               /// </summary>
-               public Switch Switch;
-
-               /// <summary>
-               ///   ReturnValue creates on demand the LocalBuilder for the
-               ///   return value from the function.  By default this is not
-               ///   used.  This is only required when returns are found inside
-               ///   Try or Catch statements.
-               ///
-               ///   This method is typically invoked from the Emit phase, so
-               ///   we allow the creation of a return label if it was not
-               ///   requested during the resolution phase.   Could be cleaned
-               ///   up, but it would replicate a lot of logic in the Emit phase
-               ///   of the code that uses it.
-               /// </summary>
-               public LocalBuilder TemporaryReturn ()
+               public void EndExceptionBlock ()
                {
-                       if (return_value == null){
-                               return_value = ig.DeclareLocal (return_type);
-                               if (!HasReturnLabel){
-                                       ReturnLabel = ig.DefineLabel ();
-                                       HasReturnLabel = true;
-                               }
-                       }
+                       ig.EndExceptionBlock ();
+               }
 
-                       return return_value;
+               public void EndScope ()
+               {
+                       SymbolWriter.CloseScope(ig);
                }
-       }
 
-       public abstract class CommonAssemblyModulClass : Attributable, IMemberContext
-       {
-               public void AddAttributes (ArrayList attrs, IMemberContext context)
+               //
+               // Creates a nested container in this context for all dynamic compiler generated stuff
+               //
+               public DynamicSiteClass CreateDynamicSite ()
                {
-                       foreach (Attribute a in attrs)
-                               a.AttachTo (this, context);
+                       if (dynamic_site_container == null) {
+                               var mc = member_context.CurrentMemberDefinition as MemberBase;
+                               dynamic_site_container = new DynamicSiteClass (CurrentTypeDefinition.Parent.PartialContainer, mc, CurrentTypeParameters);
 
-                       if (attributes == null) {
-                               attributes = new Attributes (attrs);
-                               return;
+                               CurrentTypeDefinition.Module.AddCompilerGeneratedClass (dynamic_site_container);
+                               dynamic_site_container.CreateType ();
+                               dynamic_site_container.DefineType ();
+                               dynamic_site_container.ResolveTypeParameters ();
+                               dynamic_site_container.Define ();
                        }
-                       attributes.AddAttributes (attrs);
+
+                       return dynamic_site_container;
                }
 
-               public virtual void Emit (TypeContainer tc) 
+               public LocalBuilder DeclareLocal (TypeSpec type, bool pinned)
                {
-                       if (OptAttributes == null)
-                               return;
+                       if (IsAnonymousStoreyMutateRequired)
+                               type = CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey.Mutator.Mutate (type);
 
-                       OptAttributes.Emit ();
+                       return ig.DeclareLocal (type.GetMetaInfo (), pinned);
                }
 
-               protected Attribute ResolveAttribute (PredefinedAttribute a_type)
+               public Label DefineLabel ()
                {
-                       Attribute a = OptAttributes.Search (a_type);
-                       if (a != null) {
-                               a.Resolve ();
-                       }
-                       return a;
-               }
-
-               #region IMemberContext Members
-
-               public Type CurrentType {
-                       get { return null; }
+                       return ig.DefineLabel ();
                }
 
-               public TypeParameter[] CurrentTypeParameters {
-                       get { return null; }
+               public void MarkLabel (Label label)
+               {
+                       ig.MarkLabel (label);
                }
 
-               public TypeContainer CurrentTypeDefinition {
-                       get { return RootContext.ToplevelTypes; }
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode)
+               {
+                       ig.Emit (opcode);
                }
 
-               public string GetSignatureForError ()
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, LocalBuilder local)
                {
-                       return "<module>";
+                       ig.Emit (opcode, local);
                }
 
-               public bool IsObsolete {
-                       get { return false; }
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, string arg)
+               {
+                       ig.Emit (opcode, arg);
                }
 
-               public bool IsUnsafe {
-                       get { return false; }
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, double arg)
+               {
+                       ig.Emit (opcode, arg);
                }
 
-               public bool IsStatic {
-                       get { return false; }
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, float arg)
+               {
+                       ig.Emit (opcode, arg);
                }
 
-               public ExtensionMethodGroupExpr LookupExtensionMethod (Type extensionType, string name, Location loc)
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, int arg)
                {
-                       throw new NotImplementedException ();
+                       ig.Emit (opcode, arg);
                }
 
-               public FullNamedExpression LookupNamespaceOrType (string name, Location loc, bool ignore_cs0104)
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, byte arg)
                {
-                       return RootContext.ToplevelTypes.LookupNamespaceOrType (name, loc, ignore_cs0104);
+                       ig.Emit (opcode, arg);
                }
 
-               public FullNamedExpression LookupNamespaceAlias (string name)
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, Label label)
                {
-                       return null;
+                       ig.Emit (opcode, label);
                }
 
-               #endregion
-       }
-                
-       public class AssemblyClass : CommonAssemblyModulClass {
-               // TODO: make it private and move all builder based methods here
-               public AssemblyBuilder Builder;
-               bool is_cls_compliant;
-               bool wrap_non_exception_throws;
-
-               public Attribute ClsCompliantAttribute;
-
-               ListDictionary declarative_security;
-               bool has_extension_method;              
-               public AssemblyName Name;
-               MethodInfo add_type_forwarder;
-               ListDictionary emitted_forwarders;
-
-               // Module is here just because of error messages
-               static string[] attribute_targets = new string [] { "assembly", "module" };
-
-               public AssemblyClass (): base ()
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, Label[] labels)
                {
-                       wrap_non_exception_throws = true;
+                       ig.Emit (opcode, labels);
                }
 
-               public bool HasExtensionMethods {
-                       set {
-                               has_extension_method = value;
-                       }
-               }
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, TypeSpec type)
+               {
+                       if (IsAnonymousStoreyMutateRequired)
+                               type = CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey.Mutator.Mutate (type);
 
-               public bool IsClsCompliant {
-                       get {
-                               return is_cls_compliant;
-                       }
+                       ig.Emit (opcode, type.GetMetaInfo ());
                }
 
-               public bool WrapNonExceptionThrows {
-                       get {
-                               return wrap_non_exception_throws;
-                       }
-               }
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, FieldSpec field)
+               {
+                       if (IsAnonymousStoreyMutateRequired)
+                               field = field.Mutate (CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey.Mutator);
 
-               public override AttributeTargets AttributeTargets {
-                       get {
-                               return AttributeTargets.Assembly;
-                       }
+                       ig.Emit (opcode, field.GetMetaInfo ());
                }
 
-               public override bool IsClsComplianceRequired ()
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, MethodSpec method)
                {
-                       return is_cls_compliant;
+                       if (IsAnonymousStoreyMutateRequired)
+                               method = method.Mutate (CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey.Mutator);
+
+                       if (method.IsConstructor)
+                               ig.Emit (opcode, (ConstructorInfo) method.GetMetaInfo ());
+                       else
+                               ig.Emit (opcode, (MethodInfo) method.GetMetaInfo ());
                }
 
-               public void Resolve ()
+               // TODO: REMOVE breaks mutator
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, MethodInfo method)
                {
-                       if (RootContext.Unsafe) {
-                               //
-                               // Emits [assembly: SecurityPermissionAttribute (SecurityAction.RequestMinimum, SkipVerification = true)]
-                               // when -unsafe option was specified
-                               //
-                               
-                               Location loc = Location.Null;
-
-                               MemberAccess system_security_permissions = new MemberAccess (new MemberAccess (
-                                       new QualifiedAliasMember (QualifiedAliasMember.GlobalAlias, "System", loc), "Security", loc), "Permissions", loc);
-
-                               Arguments pos = new Arguments (1);
-                               pos.Add (new Argument (new MemberAccess (new MemberAccess (system_security_permissions, "SecurityAction", loc), "RequestMinimum")));
-
-                               Arguments named = new Arguments (1);
-                               named.Add (new NamedArgument (new LocatedToken (loc, "SkipVerification"), (new BoolLiteral (true, loc))));
-
-                               GlobalAttribute g = new GlobalAttribute (new NamespaceEntry (null, null, null), "assembly",
-                                       new MemberAccess (system_security_permissions, "SecurityPermissionAttribute"),
-                                       new Arguments[] { pos, named }, loc, false);
-                               g.AttachTo (this, this);
-
-                               if (g.Resolve () != null) {
-                                       declarative_security = new ListDictionary ();
-                                       g.ExtractSecurityPermissionSet (declarative_security);
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       if (OptAttributes == null)
-                               return;
-
-                       // Ensure that we only have GlobalAttributes, since the Search isn't safe with other types.
-                       if (!OptAttributes.CheckTargets())
-                               return;
-
-                       ClsCompliantAttribute = ResolveAttribute (PredefinedAttributes.Get.CLSCompliant);
-
-                       if (ClsCompliantAttribute != null) {
-                               is_cls_compliant = ClsCompliantAttribute.GetClsCompliantAttributeValue ();
-                       }
-
-                       Attribute a = ResolveAttribute (PredefinedAttributes.Get.RuntimeCompatibility);
-                       if (a != null) {
-                               object val = a.GetPropertyValue ("WrapNonExceptionThrows");
-                               if (val != null)
-                                       wrap_non_exception_throws = (bool) val;
-                       }
+                       ig.Emit (opcode, method);
                }
 
-               // fix bug #56621
-               private void SetPublicKey (AssemblyName an, byte[] strongNameBlob) 
+               public void Emit (OpCode opcode, MethodSpec method, MetaType[] vargs)
                {
-                       try {
-                               // check for possible ECMA key
-                               if (strongNameBlob.Length == 16) {
-                                       // will be rejected if not "the" ECMA key
-                                       an.SetPublicKey (strongNameBlob);
-                               }
-                               else {
-                                       // take it, with or without, a private key
-                                       RSA rsa = CryptoConvert.FromCapiKeyBlob (strongNameBlob);
-                                       // and make sure we only feed the public part to Sys.Ref
-                                       byte[] publickey = CryptoConvert.ToCapiPublicKeyBlob (rsa);
-                                       
-                                       // AssemblyName.SetPublicKey requires an additional header
-                                       byte[] publicKeyHeader = new byte [12] { 0x00, 0x24, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x94, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
-
-                                       byte[] encodedPublicKey = new byte [12 + publickey.Length];
-                                       Buffer.BlockCopy (publicKeyHeader, 0, encodedPublicKey, 0, 12);
-                                       Buffer.BlockCopy (publickey, 0, encodedPublicKey, 12, publickey.Length);
-                                       an.SetPublicKey (encodedPublicKey);
-                               }
-                       }
-                       catch (Exception) {
-                               Error_AssemblySigning ("The specified file `" + RootContext.StrongNameKeyFile + "' is incorrectly encoded");
-                               Environment.Exit (1);
-                       }
+                       // TODO MemberCache: This should mutate too
+                       ig.EmitCall (opcode, (MethodInfo) method.GetMetaInfo (), vargs);
                }
 
-               // TODO: rewrite this code (to kill N bugs and make it faster) and use standard ApplyAttribute way.
-               public AssemblyName GetAssemblyName (string name, string output) 
+               public void EmitArrayNew (ArrayContainer ac)
                {
-                       if (OptAttributes != null) {
-                               foreach (Attribute a in OptAttributes.Attrs) {
-                                       // cannot rely on any resolve-based members before you call Resolve
-                                       if (a.ExplicitTarget == null || a.ExplicitTarget != "assembly")
-                                               continue;
-
-                                       // TODO: This code is buggy: comparing Attribute name without resolving is wrong.
-                                       //       However, this is invoked by CodeGen.Init, when none of the namespaces
-                                       //       are loaded yet.
-                                       // TODO: Does not handle quoted attributes properly
-                                       switch (a.Name) {
-                                       case "AssemblyKeyFile":
-                                       case "AssemblyKeyFileAttribute":
-                                       case "System.Reflection.AssemblyKeyFileAttribute":
-                                               if (RootContext.StrongNameKeyFile != null) {
-                                                       Report.SymbolRelatedToPreviousError (a.Location, a.GetSignatureForError ());
-                                                       Report.Warning (1616, 1, "Option `{0}' overrides attribute `{1}' given in a source file or added module",
-                                                                       "keyfile", "System.Reflection.AssemblyKeyFileAttribute");
-                                               } else {
-                                                       string value = a.GetString ();
-                                                       if (value != null && value.Length != 0)
-                                                               RootContext.StrongNameKeyFile = value;
-                                               }
-                                               break;
-                                       case "AssemblyKeyName":
-                                       case "AssemblyKeyNameAttribute":
-                                       case "System.Reflection.AssemblyKeyNameAttribute":
-                                               if (RootContext.StrongNameKeyContainer != null) {
-                                                       Report.SymbolRelatedToPreviousError (a.Location, a.GetSignatureForError ());
-                                                       Report.Warning (1616, 1, "Option `{0}' overrides attribute `{1}' given in a source file or added module",
-                                                                       "keycontainer", "System.Reflection.AssemblyKeyNameAttribute");
-                                               } else {
-                                                       string value = a.GetString ();
-                                                       if (value != null && value.Length != 0)
-                                                               RootContext.StrongNameKeyContainer = value;
-                                               }
-                                               break;
-                                       case "AssemblyDelaySign":
-                                       case "AssemblyDelaySignAttribute":
-                                       case "System.Reflection.AssemblyDelaySignAttribute":
-                                               RootContext.StrongNameDelaySign = a.GetBoolean ();
-                                               break;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-                       
-                       AssemblyName an = new AssemblyName ();
-                       an.Name = Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension (name);
-
-                       // note: delay doesn't apply when using a key container
-                       if (RootContext.StrongNameKeyContainer != null) {
-                               an.KeyPair = new StrongNameKeyPair (RootContext.StrongNameKeyContainer);
-                               return an;
-                       }
-
-                       // strongname is optional
-                       if (RootContext.StrongNameKeyFile == null)
-                               return an;
-
-                       string AssemblyDir = Path.GetDirectoryName (output);
+                       if (ac.Rank == 1) {
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Newarr, ac.Element);
+                       } else {
+                               if (IsAnonymousStoreyMutateRequired)
+                                       ac = (ArrayContainer) ac.Mutate (CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey.Mutator);
 
-                       // the StrongName key file may be relative to (a) the compiled
-                       // file or (b) to the output assembly. See bugzilla #55320
-                       // http://bugzilla.ximian.com/show_bug.cgi?id=55320
-
-                       // (a) relative to the compiled file
-                       string filename = Path.GetFullPath (RootContext.StrongNameKeyFile);
-                       bool exist = File.Exists (filename);
-                       if ((!exist) && (AssemblyDir != null) && (AssemblyDir != String.Empty)) {
-                               // (b) relative to the outputed assembly
-                               filename = Path.GetFullPath (Path.Combine (AssemblyDir, RootContext.StrongNameKeyFile));
-                               exist = File.Exists (filename);
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newobj, ac.GetConstructor ());
                        }
-
-                       if (exist) {
-                               using (FileStream fs = new FileStream (filename, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read)) {
-                                       byte[] snkeypair = new byte [fs.Length];
-                                       fs.Read (snkeypair, 0, snkeypair.Length);
-
-                                       if (RootContext.StrongNameDelaySign) {
-                                               // delayed signing - DO NOT include private key
-                                               SetPublicKey (an, snkeypair);
-                                       }
-                                       else {
-                                               // no delay so we make sure we have the private key
-                                               try {
-                                                       CryptoConvert.FromCapiPrivateKeyBlob (snkeypair);
-                                                       an.KeyPair = new StrongNameKeyPair (snkeypair);
-                                               }
-                                               catch (CryptographicException) {
-                                                       if (snkeypair.Length == 16) {
-                                                               // error # is different for ECMA key
-                                                               Report.Error (1606, "Could not sign the assembly. " + 
-                                                                       "ECMA key can only be used to delay-sign assemblies");
-                                                       }
-                                                       else {
-                                                               Error_AssemblySigning ("The specified file `" + RootContext.StrongNameKeyFile + "' does not have a private key");
-                                                       }
-                                                       return null;
-                                               }
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       }
-                       else {
-                               Error_AssemblySigning ("The specified file `" + RootContext.StrongNameKeyFile + "' does not exist");
-                               return null;
-                       }
-                       return an;
                }
 
-               void Error_AssemblySigning (string text)
+               public void EmitArrayAddress (ArrayContainer ac)
                {
-                       Report.Error (1548, "Error during assembly signing. " + text);
-               }
+                       if (ac.Element.IsGenericParameter)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Readonly);
 
-               bool CheckInternalsVisibleAttribute (Attribute a)
-               {
-                       string assembly_name = a.GetString ();
-                       if (assembly_name.Length == 0)
-                               return false;
-                               
-                       AssemblyName aname = null;
-                       try {
-#if GMCS_SOURCE
-                               aname = new AssemblyName (assembly_name);
-#else
-                               throw new NotSupportedException ();
-#endif
-                       } catch (FileLoadException) {
-                       } catch (ArgumentException) {
-                       }
-                               
-                       // Bad assembly name format
-                       if (aname == null)
-                               Report.Warning (1700, 3, a.Location, "Assembly reference `" + assembly_name + "' is invalid and cannot be resolved");
-                       // Report error if we have defined Version or Culture
-                       else if (aname.Version != null || aname.CultureInfo != null)
-                               throw new Exception ("Friend assembly `" + a.GetString () + 
-                                               "' is invalid. InternalsVisibleTo cannot have version or culture specified.");
-                       else if (aname.GetPublicKey () == null && Name.GetPublicKey () != null && Name.GetPublicKey ().Length != 0) {
-                               Report.Error (1726, a.Location, "Friend assembly reference `" + aname.FullName + "' is invalid." +
-                                               " Strong named assemblies must specify a public key in their InternalsVisibleTo declarations");
-                               return false;
-                       }
+                       if (ac.Rank > 1) {
+                               if (IsAnonymousStoreyMutateRequired)
+                                       ac = (ArrayContainer) ac.Mutate (CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey.Mutator);
 
-                       return true;
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, ac.GetAddressMethod ());
+                       } else {
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, ac.Element);
+                       }
                }
 
-               static bool IsValidAssemblyVersion (string version)
+               //
+               // Emits the right opcode to load from an array
+               //
+               public void EmitArrayLoad (ArrayContainer ac)
                {
-                       Version v;
-                       try {
-                               v = new Version (version);
-                       } catch {
-                               try {
-                                       int major = int.Parse (version, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
-                                       v = new Version (major, 0);
-                               } catch {
-                                       return false;
-                               }
-                       }
+                       if (ac.Rank > 1) {
+                               if (IsAnonymousStoreyMutateRequired)
+                                       ac = (ArrayContainer) ac.Mutate (CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey.Mutator);
 
-                       foreach (int candidate in new int [] { v.Major, v.Minor, v.Build, v.Revision }) {
-                               if (candidate > ushort.MaxValue)
-                                       return false;
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, ac.GetGetMethod ());
+                               return;
                        }
 
-                       return true;
+                       var type = ac.Element;
+                       if (TypeManager.IsEnumType (type))
+                               type = EnumSpec.GetUnderlyingType (type);
+
+                       if (type == TypeManager.byte_type || type == TypeManager.bool_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_U1);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I1);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.short_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I2);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.ushort_type || type == TypeManager.char_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_U2);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.int32_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I4);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_U4);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I8);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.int64_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I8);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.float_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_R4);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.double_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_R8);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.intptr_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I);
+                       else if (TypeManager.IsStruct (type)) {
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, type);
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldobj, type);
+                       } else if (type.IsGenericParameter) {
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem, type);
+                       } else if (type.IsPointer)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I);
+                       else
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_Ref);
                }
 
-               public override void ApplyAttributeBuilder (Attribute a, CustomAttributeBuilder cb, PredefinedAttributes pa)
+               //
+               // Emits the right opcode to store to an array
+               //
+               public void EmitArrayStore (ArrayContainer ac)
                {
-                       if (a.IsValidSecurityAttribute ()) {
-                               if (declarative_security == null)
-                                       declarative_security = new ListDictionary ();
+                       if (ac.Rank > 1) {
+                               if (IsAnonymousStoreyMutateRequired)
+                                       ac = (ArrayContainer) ac.Mutate (CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey.Mutator);
 
-                               a.ExtractSecurityPermissionSet (declarative_security);
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, ac.GetSetMethod ());
                                return;
                        }
 
-                       if (a.Type == pa.AssemblyCulture) {
-                               string value = a.GetString ();
-                               if (value == null || value.Length == 0)
-                                       return;
-
-                               if (RootContext.Target == Target.Exe) {
-                                       a.Error_AttributeEmitError ("The executables cannot be satelite assemblies, remove the attribute or keep it empty");
-                                       return;
-                               }
-                       }
-
-                       if (a.Type == pa.AssemblyVersion) {
-                               string value = a.GetString ();
-                               if (value == null || value.Length == 0)
-                                       return;
+                       var type = ac.Element;
+
+                       if (type.IsEnum)
+                               type = EnumSpec.GetUnderlyingType (type);
+
+                       if (type == TypeManager.byte_type || type == TypeManager.sbyte_type || type == TypeManager.bool_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_I1);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.short_type || type == TypeManager.ushort_type || type == TypeManager.char_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_I2);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.int32_type || type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_I4);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.int64_type || type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_I8);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.float_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_R4);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.double_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_R8);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.intptr_type)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stobj, type);
+                       else if (TypeManager.IsStruct (type))
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stobj, type);
+                       else if (type.IsGenericParameter)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stelem, type);
+                       else if (type.IsPointer)
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_I);
+                       else
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_Ref);
+               }
+
+               public void EmitInt (int i)
+               {
+                       switch (i) {
+                       case -1:
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_M1);
+                               break;
 
-                               value = value.Replace ('*', '0');
+                       case 0:
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
+                               break;
 
-                               if (!IsValidAssemblyVersion (value)) {
-                                       a.Error_AttributeEmitError (string.Format ("Specified version `{0}' is not valid", value));
-                                       return;
-                               }
-                       }
+                       case 1:
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
+                               break;
 
-                       if (a.Type == pa.InternalsVisibleTo && !CheckInternalsVisibleAttribute (a))
-                               return;
+                       case 2:
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_2);
+                               break;
 
-                       if (a.Type == pa.TypeForwarder) {
-                               Type t = a.GetArgumentType ();
-                               if (t == null || TypeManager.HasElementType (t)) {
-                                       Report.Error (735, a.Location, "Invalid type specified as an argument for TypeForwardedTo attribute");
-                                       return;
-                               }
+                       case 3:
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_3);
+                               break;
 
-                               t = TypeManager.DropGenericTypeArguments (t);
-                               if (emitted_forwarders == null) {
-                                       emitted_forwarders = new ListDictionary();
-                               } else if (emitted_forwarders.Contains(t)) {
-                                       Report.SymbolRelatedToPreviousError(((Attribute)emitted_forwarders[t]).Location, null);
-                                       Report.Error(739, a.Location, "A duplicate type forward of type `{0}'",
-                                               TypeManager.CSharpName(t));
-                                       return;
-                               }
+                       case 4:
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_4);
+                               break;
 
-                               emitted_forwarders.Add(t, a);
+                       case 5:
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_5);
+                               break;
 
-                               if (TypeManager.LookupDeclSpace (t) != null) {
-                                       Report.SymbolRelatedToPreviousError (t);
-                                       Report.Error (729, a.Location, "Cannot forward type `{0}' because it is defined in this assembly",
-                                               TypeManager.CSharpName (t));
-                                       return;
-                               }
+                       case 6:
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_6);
+                               break;
 
-                               if (t.DeclaringType != null) {
-                                       Report.Error (730, a.Location, "Cannot forward type `{0}' because it is a nested type",
-                                               TypeManager.CSharpName (t));
-                                       return;
-                               }
+                       case 7:
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_7);
+                               break;
 
-                               if (add_type_forwarder == null) {
-                                       add_type_forwarder = typeof (AssemblyBuilder).GetMethod ("AddTypeForwarder",
-                                               BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
+                       case 8:
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_8);
+                               break;
 
-                                       if (add_type_forwarder == null) {
-                                               Report.RuntimeMissingSupport (a.Location, "TypeForwardedTo attribute");
-                                               return;
-                                       }
-                               }
+                       default:
+                               if (i >= -128 && i <= 127) {
+                                       ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_S, (sbyte) i);
+                               } else
+                                       ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4, i);
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
 
-                               add_type_forwarder.Invoke (Builder, new object[] { t });
+               public void EmitLong (long l)
+               {
+                       if (l >= int.MinValue && l <= int.MaxValue) {
+                               EmitInt (unchecked ((int) l));
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I8);
                                return;
                        }
-                       
-                       if (a.Type == pa.Extension) {
-                               a.Error_MisusedExtensionAttribute ();
+
+                       if (l >= 0 && l <= uint.MaxValue) {
+                               EmitInt (unchecked ((int) l));
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_U8);
                                return;
                        }
 
-                       Builder.SetCustomAttribute (cb);
+                       ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I8, l);
                }
 
-               public override void Emit (TypeContainer tc)
-               {
-                       base.Emit (tc);
-
-                       if (has_extension_method)
-                               PredefinedAttributes.Get.Extension.EmitAttribute (Builder);
-
-                       // FIXME: Does this belong inside SRE.AssemblyBuilder instead?
-                       PredefinedAttribute pa = PredefinedAttributes.Get.RuntimeCompatibility;
-                       if (pa.IsDefined && (OptAttributes == null || !OptAttributes.Contains (pa))) {
-                               ConstructorInfo ci = TypeManager.GetPredefinedConstructor (
-                                       pa.Type, Location.Null, Type.EmptyTypes);
-                               PropertyInfo [] pis = new PropertyInfo [1];
-                               pis [0] = TypeManager.GetPredefinedProperty (pa.Type,
-                                       "WrapNonExceptionThrows", Location.Null, TypeManager.bool_type);
-                               object [] pargs = new object [1];
-                               pargs [0] = true;
-                               Builder.SetCustomAttribute (new CustomAttributeBuilder (ci, new object [0], pis, pargs));
-                       }
-
-                       if (declarative_security != null) {
-
-                               MethodInfo add_permission = typeof (AssemblyBuilder).GetMethod ("AddPermissionRequests", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
-                               object builder_instance = Builder;
+               //
+               // Load the object from the pointer.  
+               //
+               public void EmitLoadFromPtr (TypeSpec t)
+               {
+                       if (t == TypeManager.int32_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_I4);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.uint32_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_U4);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.short_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_I2);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.ushort_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_U2);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.char_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_U2);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.byte_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_U1);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_I1);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.uint64_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_I8);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.int64_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_I8);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.float_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_R4);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.double_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_R8);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.bool_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_I1);
+                       else if (t == TypeManager.intptr_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_I);
+                       else if (t.IsEnum) {
+                               if (t == TypeManager.enum_type)
+                                       ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_Ref);
+                               else
+                                       EmitLoadFromPtr (EnumSpec.GetUnderlyingType (t));
+                       } else if (TypeManager.IsStruct (t) || TypeManager.IsGenericParameter (t))
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Ldobj, t);
+                       else if (t.IsPointer)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_I);
+                       else
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldind_Ref);
+               }
 
-                               try {
-                                       // Microsoft runtime hacking
-                                       if (add_permission == null) {
-                                               Type assembly_builder = typeof (AssemblyBuilder).Assembly.GetType ("System.Reflection.Emit.AssemblyBuilderData");
-                                               add_permission = assembly_builder.GetMethod ("AddPermissionRequests", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
+               //
+               // The stack contains the pointer and the value of type `type'
+               //
+               public void EmitStoreFromPtr (TypeSpec type)
+               {
+                       if (type.IsEnum)
+                               type = EnumSpec.GetUnderlyingType (type);
+
+                       if (type == TypeManager.int32_type || type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stind_I4);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.int64_type || type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stind_I8);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.char_type || type == TypeManager.short_type ||
+                                type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stind_I2);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.float_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stind_R4);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.double_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stind_R8);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.byte_type || type == TypeManager.sbyte_type ||
+                                type == TypeManager.bool_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stind_I1);
+                       else if (type == TypeManager.intptr_type)
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stind_I);
+                       else if (TypeManager.IsStruct (type) || TypeManager.IsGenericParameter (type))
+                               Emit (OpCodes.Stobj, type);
+                       else
+                               ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stind_Ref);
+               }
 
-                                               FieldInfo fi = typeof (AssemblyBuilder).GetField ("m_assemblyData", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.GetField);
-                                               builder_instance = fi.GetValue (Builder);
+               /// <summary>
+               ///   Returns a temporary storage for a variable of type t as 
+               ///   a local variable in the current body.
+               /// </summary>
+               public LocalBuilder GetTemporaryLocal (TypeSpec t)
+               {
+                       if (temporary_storage != null) {
+                               object o;
+                               if (temporary_storage.TryGetValue (t, out o)) {
+                                       if (o is Stack<LocalBuilder>) {
+                                               var s = (Stack<LocalBuilder>) o;
+                                               o = s.Count == 0 ? null : s.Pop ();
+                                       } else {
+                                               temporary_storage.Remove (t);
                                        }
-
-                                       object[] args = new object [] { declarative_security [SecurityAction.RequestMinimum],
-                                                                                                 declarative_security [SecurityAction.RequestOptional],
-                                                                                                 declarative_security [SecurityAction.RequestRefuse] };
-                                       add_permission.Invoke (builder_instance, args);
-                               }
-                               catch {
-                                       Report.RuntimeMissingSupport (Location.Null, "assembly permission setting");
                                }
+                               if (o != null)
+                                       return (LocalBuilder) o;
                        }
+                       return DeclareLocal (t, false);
                }
 
-               public override string[] ValidAttributeTargets {
-                       get {
-                               return attribute_targets;
+               public void FreeTemporaryLocal (LocalBuilder b, TypeSpec t)
+               {
+                       if (temporary_storage == null) {
+                               temporary_storage = new Dictionary<TypeSpec, object> (ReferenceEquality<TypeSpec>.Default);
+                               temporary_storage.Add (t, b);
+                               return;
                        }
-               }
-
-               // Wrapper for AssemblyBuilder.AddModule
-               static MethodInfo adder_method;
-               static public MethodInfo AddModule_Method {
-                       get {
-                               if (adder_method == null)
-                                       adder_method = typeof (AssemblyBuilder).GetMethod ("AddModule", BindingFlags.Instance|BindingFlags.NonPublic);
-                               return adder_method;
+                       object o;
+                       
+                       if (!temporary_storage.TryGetValue (t, out o)) {
+                               temporary_storage.Add (t, b);
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       var s = o as Stack<LocalBuilder>;
+                       if (s == null) {
+                               s = new Stack<LocalBuilder> ();
+                               s.Push ((LocalBuilder)o);
+                               temporary_storage [t] = s;
                        }
+                       s.Push (b);
                }
-               public Module AddModule (string module)
+
+               /// <summary>
+               ///   ReturnValue creates on demand the LocalBuilder for the
+               ///   return value from the function.  By default this is not
+               ///   used.  This is only required when returns are found inside
+               ///   Try or Catch statements.
+               ///
+               ///   This method is typically invoked from the Emit phase, so
+               ///   we allow the creation of a return label if it was not
+               ///   requested during the resolution phase.   Could be cleaned
+               ///   up, but it would replicate a lot of logic in the Emit phase
+               ///   of the code that uses it.
+               /// </summary>
+               public LocalBuilder TemporaryReturn ()
                {
-                       MethodInfo m = AddModule_Method;
-                       if (m == null) {
-                               Report.RuntimeMissingSupport (Location.Null, "/addmodule");
-                               Environment.Exit (1);
+                       if (return_value == null){
+                               return_value = DeclareLocal (return_type, false);
+                               if (!HasReturnLabel){
+                                       ReturnLabel = DefineLabel ();
+                                       HasReturnLabel = true;
+                               }
                        }
 
-                       try {
-                               return (Module) m.Invoke (Builder, new object [] { module });
-                       } catch (TargetInvocationException ex) {
-                               throw ex.InnerException;
-                       }
-               }               
+                       return return_value;
+               }
        }
 }