fix build with csc
[mono.git] / mcs / class / System.Core / System.Linq / Enumerable.cs
index a26bd8b904b8acb1bff4387bc51b0e66e7ffde48..bec825a21609ca86216dd371d0910b49f209ff18 100644 (file)
@@ -1,3 +1,14 @@
+//
+// Enumerable.cs
+//
+// Authors:
+//  Marek Safar (marek.safar@gmail.com)
+//  Antonello Provenzano  <antonello@deveel.com>
+//  Alejandro Serrano "Serras" (trupill@yahoo.es)
+//  Jb Evain (jbevain@novell.com)
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2007 Novell, Inc (http://www.novell.com)
+//
 // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 // a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
 // "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
 // distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
 // permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
 // the following conditions:
-// 
+//
 // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
 // included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-// 
+//
 // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
 // EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
 // MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
 // NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
 // LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
 // OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
-//
-// Authors:
-//        Marek Safar (marek.safar@gmail.com)
-//        Antonello Provenzano  <antonello@deveel.com>
-//        Alejandro Serrano "Serras" (trupill@yahoo.es)
-//        Jb Evain  (jbevain@novell.com)
+// WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 //
 
 // precious: http://www.hookedonlinq.com
@@ -35,11 +41,12 @@ namespace System.Linq
        public static class Enumerable
        {
                #region Aggregate
+
                public static TSource Aggregate<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TSource, TSource> func)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndFunc (source, func);
+                       Check.SourceAndFunc (source, func);
 
-                       // custom foreach so that we can efficiently throw an exception 
+                       // custom foreach so that we can efficiently throw an exception
                        // if zero elements and treat the first element differently
                        using (var enumerator = source.GetEnumerator ()) {
                                if (!enumerator.MoveNext ())
@@ -52,95 +59,127 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        }
                }
 
-
                public static TAccumulate Aggregate<TSource, TAccumulate> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                        TAccumulate seed, Func<TAccumulate, TSource, TAccumulate> func)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndFunc (source, func);
+                       Check.SourceAndFunc (source, func);
 
                        TAccumulate folded = seed;
                        foreach (TSource element in source)
                                folded = func (folded, element);
+
                        return folded;
                }
 
-
                public static TResult Aggregate<TSource, TAccumulate, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, TAccumulate seed, Func<TAccumulate, TSource, TAccumulate> func, Func<TAccumulate, TResult> resultSelector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndFunc (source, func);
+                       Check.SourceAndFunc (source, func);
                        if (resultSelector == null)
                                throw new ArgumentNullException ("resultSelector");
 
                        TAccumulate result = seed;
                        foreach (TSource e in source)
                                result = func (result, e);
+
                        return resultSelector (result);
                }
+
                #endregion
 
                #region All
+
                public static bool All<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in source)
                                if (!predicate (element))
                                        return false;
+
                        return true;
                }
+
                #endregion
 
                #region Any
+
                public static bool Any<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
-                       foreach (TSource element in source)
-                               return true;
-                       return false;
+                       using (var enumerator = source.GetEnumerator ())
+                               return enumerator.MoveNext ();
                }
 
-
                public static bool Any<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in source)
                                if (predicate (element))
                                        return true;
+
                        return false;
                }
+
                #endregion
 
                #region AsEnumerable
+
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> AsEnumerable<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
                        return source;
                }
+
                #endregion
 
                #region Average
+
                public static double Average (this IEnumerable<int> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       return Average (source, (a, b) => a + b, (a, b) => a / b);
+               }
 
-                       long sum = 0;
-                       long counter = 0;
-                       foreach (int element in source) {
-                               sum += element;
-                               counter++;
+               public static double Average (this IEnumerable<long> source)
+               {
+                       return Average (source, (a, b) => a + b, (a, b) => a / b);
+               }
+
+               public static double Average (this IEnumerable<double> source)
+               {
+                       return Average (source, (a, b) => a + b, (a, b) => a / b);
+               }
+
+               public static float Average (this IEnumerable<float> source)
+               {
+                       return Average (source, (a, b) => a + b, (a, b) => a / b);
+               }
+
+               public static decimal Average (this IEnumerable<decimal> source)
+               {
+                       return Average (source, (a, b) => a + b, (a, b) => a / b);
+               }
+
+               static TR Average<TA, TR> (this IEnumerable<TA> source, Func<TA, TA, TA> func, Func<TA, int, TR> result)
+               {
+                       Check.Source (source);
+
+                       TA total = default (TA);
+                       int counter = 0;
+                       foreach (var element in source) {
+                               total = func (total, element);
+                               ++counter;
                        }
 
                        if (counter == 0)
                                throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return (double) sum / (double) counter;
-               }
 
+                       return result (total, counter);
+               }
 
                public static double? Average (this IEnumerable<int?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        bool onlyNull = true;
                        long sum = 0;
@@ -155,28 +194,9 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        return (onlyNull ? null : (double?) sum / (double?) counter);
                }
 
-
-               public static double Average (this IEnumerable<long> source)
-               {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       long sum = 0;
-                       long counter = 0;
-                       foreach (long element in source) {
-                               sum += element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return (double) sum / (double) counter;
-               }
-
-
                public static double? Average (this IEnumerable<long?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        bool onlyNull = true;
                        long sum = 0;
@@ -191,28 +211,9 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        return (onlyNull ? null : (double?) sum / (double?) counter);
                }
 
-
-               public static double Average (this IEnumerable<double> source)
-               {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       double sum = 0;
-                       double counter = 0;
-                       foreach (double element in source) {
-                               sum += element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return sum / counter;
-               }
-
-
                public static double? Average (this IEnumerable<double?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        bool onlyNull = true;
                        double sum = 0;
@@ -227,28 +228,9 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        return (onlyNull ? null : (double?) (sum / counter));
                }
 
-
-               public static decimal Average (this IEnumerable<decimal> source)
-               {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       decimal sum = 0;
-                       decimal counter = 0;
-                       foreach (decimal element in source) {
-                               sum += element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return sum / counter;
-               }
-
-
                public static decimal? Average (this IEnumerable<decimal?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        bool onlyNull = true;
                        decimal sum = 0;
@@ -263,10 +245,28 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        return (onlyNull ? null : (decimal?) (sum / counter));
                }
 
+               public static float? Average (this IEnumerable<float?> source)
+               {
+                       Check.Source (source);
+
+                       float sum = 0;
+                       float counter = 0;
+                       foreach (float? element in source) {
+                               if (element.HasValue) {
+                                       sum += element.Value;
+                                       ++counter;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if (counter == 0)
+                               return null;
+
+                       return sum / counter;
+               }
 
                public static double Average<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        long sum = 0;
                        long counter = 0;
@@ -281,10 +281,9 @@ namespace System.Linq
                                return (double) sum / (double) counter;
                }
 
-
                public static double? Average<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        bool onlyNull = true;
                        long sum = 0;
@@ -300,10 +299,9 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        return (onlyNull ? null : (double?) sum / (double?) counter);
                }
 
-
                public static double Average<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, long> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        long sum = 0;
                        long counter = 0;
@@ -318,10 +316,9 @@ namespace System.Linq
                                return (double) sum / (double) counter;
                }
 
-
                public static double? Average<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, long?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        bool onlyNull = true;
                        long sum = 0;
@@ -337,10 +334,9 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        return (onlyNull ? null : (double?) sum / (double?) counter);
                }
 
-
                public static double Average<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, double> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        double sum = 0;
                        double counter = 0;
@@ -355,10 +351,9 @@ namespace System.Linq
                                return sum / counter;
                }
 
-
                public static double? Average<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, double?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        bool onlyNull = true;
                        double sum = 0;
@@ -374,10 +369,46 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        return (onlyNull ? null : (double?) (sum / counter));
                }
 
+               public static float Average<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, float> selector)
+               {
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+
+                       float sum = 0;
+                       float counter = 0;
+                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
+                               sum += selector (item);
+                               ++counter;
+                       }
+
+                       if (counter == 0)
+                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
+
+                       return sum / counter;
+               }
+
+               public static float? Average<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, float?> selector)
+               {
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+
+                       float sum = 0;
+                       float counter = 0;
+                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
+                               float? value = selector (item);
+                               if (value.HasValue) {
+                                       sum  += value.Value;
+                                       ++counter;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       if (counter == 0)
+                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
+
+                       return sum / counter;
+               }
 
                public static decimal Average<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, decimal> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        decimal sum = 0;
                        decimal counter = 0;
@@ -392,10 +423,9 @@ namespace System.Linq
                                return sum / counter;
                }
 
-
                public static decimal? Average<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, decimal?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        bool onlyNull = true;
                        decimal sum = 0;
@@ -413,19 +443,22 @@ namespace System.Linq
                #endregion
 
                #region Cast
+
                public static IEnumerable<TResult> Cast<TResult> (this IEnumerable source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        foreach (object element in source)
                                yield return (TResult) element;
                }
+
                #endregion
 
                #region Concat
+
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> Concat<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> first, IEnumerable<TSource> second)
                {
-                       CheckFirstAndSecond (first, second);
+                       Check.FirstAndSecond (first, second);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in first)
                                yield return element;
@@ -448,7 +481,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static bool Contains<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, TSource value, IEqualityComparer<TSource> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        if (comparer == null)
                                comparer = EqualityComparer<TSource>.Default;
@@ -463,24 +496,26 @@ namespace System.Linq
                #endregion
 
                #region Count
+
                public static int Count<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        var collection = source as ICollection<TSource>;
                        if (collection != null)
                                return collection.Count;
 
                        int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (var element in source)
-                               counter++;
+                       using (var enumerator = source.GetEnumerator ())
+                               while (enumerator.MoveNext ())
+                                       counter++;
 
                        return counter;
                }
 
                public static int Count<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        int counter = 0;
                        foreach (var element in source)
@@ -489,6 +524,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                        return counter;
                }
+
                #endregion
 
                #region DefaultIfEmpty
@@ -500,15 +536,15 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> DefaultIfEmpty<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, TSource defaultValue)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
-                       bool noYield = true;
+                       bool empty = true;
                        foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               noYield = false;
+                               empty = false;
                                yield return item;
                        }
 
-                       if (noYield)
+                       if (empty)
                                yield return defaultValue;
                }
 
@@ -523,7 +559,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> Distinct<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, IEqualityComparer<TSource> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        if (comparer == null)
                                comparer = EqualityComparer<TSource>.Default;
@@ -536,13 +572,14 @@ namespace System.Linq
                                }
                        }
                }
+
                #endregion
 
                #region ElementAt
 
                public static TSource ElementAt<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, int index)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
                        if (index < 0)
                                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException ();
 
@@ -566,7 +603,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static TSource ElementAtOrDefault<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, int index)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
                        if (index < 0)
                                return default (TSource);
 
@@ -587,10 +624,12 @@ namespace System.Linq
                #endregion
 
                #region Empty
+
                public static IEnumerable<TResult> Empty<TResult> ()
                {
                        return new TResult [0];
                }
+
                #endregion
 
                #region Except
@@ -602,7 +641,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> Except<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> first, IEnumerable<TSource> second, IEqualityComparer<TSource> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckFirstAndSecond (first, second);
+                       Check.FirstAndSecond (first, second);
 
                        if (comparer == null)
                                comparer = EqualityComparer<TSource>.Default;
@@ -620,7 +659,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static TSource First<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in source)
                                return element;
@@ -631,7 +670,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static TSource First<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in source) {
                                if (predicate (element))
@@ -647,7 +686,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static TSource FirstOrDefault<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in source)
                                return element;
@@ -658,7 +697,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static TSource FirstOrDefault<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in source) {
                                if (predicate (element))
@@ -690,11 +729,10 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        return GroupBy<TSource, TKey> (source, keySelector, null);
                }
 
-
                public static IEnumerable<IGrouping<TKey, TSource>> GroupBy<TSource, TKey> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                        Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
+                       Check.SourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
 
                        Dictionary<TKey, List<TSource>> groups = new Dictionary<TKey, List<TSource>> ();
                        List<TSource> nullList = new List<TSource> ();
@@ -740,11 +778,10 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        return GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TElement> (source, keySelector, elementSelector, null);
                }
 
-
                public static IEnumerable<IGrouping<TKey, TElement>> GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TElement> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                        Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndKeyElementSelectors (source, keySelector, elementSelector);
+                       Check.SourceAndKeyElementSelectors (source, keySelector, elementSelector);
 
                        Dictionary<TKey, List<TElement>> groups = new Dictionary<TKey, List<TElement>> ();
                        List<TElement> nullList = new List<TElement> ();
@@ -784,6 +821,38 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        }
                }
 
+               public static IEnumerable<TResult> GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TElement, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
+                       Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector,
+                       Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TElement>, TResult> resultSelector)
+               {
+                       return GroupBy (source, keySelector, elementSelector, resultSelector, null);
+               }
+
+               [MonoTODO]
+               public static IEnumerable<TResult> GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TElement, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
+                       Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector,
+                       Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TElement>, TResult> resultSelector,
+                       IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)
+               {
+                       throw new NotImplementedException ();
+               }
+
+               public static IEnumerable<TResult> GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
+                       Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector,
+                       Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TSource>, TResult> resultSelector)
+               {
+                       return GroupBy (source, keySelector, resultSelector, null);
+               }
+
+               [MonoTODO]
+               public static IEnumerable<TResult> GroupBy<TSource, TKey, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
+                       Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector,
+                       Func<TKey, IEnumerable<TSource>, TResult> resultSelector,
+                       IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)               
+               {
+                       throw new NotImplementedException ();
+               }
+
                #endregion
 
                # region GroupJoin
@@ -800,12 +869,12 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        Func<TInner, TKey> innerKeySelector, Func<TOuter, IEnumerable<TInner>, TResult> resultSelector,
                        IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckJoinSelectors (outer, inner, outerKeySelector, innerKeySelector, resultSelector);
+                       Check.JoinSelectors (outer, inner, outerKeySelector, innerKeySelector, resultSelector);
 
                        if (comparer == null)
                                comparer = EqualityComparer<TKey>.Default;
 
-                       Lookup<TKey, TInner> innerKeys = ToLookup<TInner, TKey> (inner, innerKeySelector, comparer);
+                       ILookup<TKey, TInner> innerKeys = ToLookup<TInner, TKey> (inner, innerKeySelector, comparer);
                        /*Dictionary<K, List<U>> innerKeys = new Dictionary<K, List<U>> ();
                        foreach (U element in inner)
                        {
@@ -821,7 +890,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                                        yield return resultSelector (element, innerKeys [outerKey]);
                                else
                                        yield return resultSelector (element, Empty<TInner> ());
-                       }       
+                       }
                }
 
                #endregion
@@ -835,14 +904,14 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> Intersect<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> first, IEnumerable<TSource> second, IEqualityComparer<TSource> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckFirstAndSecond (first, second);
+                       Check.FirstAndSecond (first, second);
 
                        if (comparer == null)
                                comparer = EqualityComparer<TSource>.Default;
 
                        List<TSource> items = new List<TSource> (Distinct (first));
                        foreach (TSource element in second) {
-                               if (Contains (items, element, comparer))
+                               if (items.Contains (element, comparer))
                                        yield return element;
                        }
                }
@@ -855,12 +924,12 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        IEnumerable<TInner> inner, Func<TOuter, TKey> outerKeySelector,
                        Func<TInner, TKey> innerKeySelector, Func<TOuter, TInner, TResult> resultSelector, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckJoinSelectors (outer, inner, outerKeySelector, innerKeySelector, resultSelector);
+                       Check.JoinSelectors (outer, inner, outerKeySelector, innerKeySelector, resultSelector);
 
                        if (comparer == null)
                                comparer = EqualityComparer<TKey>.Default;
 
-                       Lookup<TKey, TInner> innerKeys = ToLookup<TInner, TKey> (inner, innerKeySelector, comparer);
+                       ILookup<TKey, TInner> innerKeys = ToLookup<TInner, TKey> (inner, innerKeySelector, comparer);
                        /*Dictionary<K, List<U>> innerKeys = new Dictionary<K, List<U>> ();
                        foreach (U element in inner)
                        {
@@ -885,13 +954,14 @@ namespace System.Linq
                {
                        return Join<TOuter, TInner, TKey, TResult> (outer, inner, outerKeySelector, innerKeySelector, resultSelector, null);
                }
+
                # endregion
 
                #region Last
 
                public static TSource Last<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        bool noElements = true;
                        TSource lastElement = default (TSource);
@@ -909,7 +979,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static TSource Last<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        bool noElements = true;
                        TSource lastElement = default (TSource);
@@ -932,7 +1002,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static TSource LastOrDefault<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        var list = source as IList<TSource>;
                        if (list != null)
@@ -948,7 +1018,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static TSource LastOrDefault<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                        Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        TSource lastElement = default (TSource);
                        foreach (TSource element in source) {
@@ -964,18 +1034,19 @@ namespace System.Linq
                #region LongCount
                public static long LongCount<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        long counter = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource element in source)
-                               counter++;
+                       using (var enumerator = source.GetEnumerator ())
+                               while (enumerator.MoveNext ())
+                                       counter++;
+
                        return counter;
                }
 
-
                public static long LongCount<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        long counter = 0;
                        foreach (TSource element in source)
@@ -991,151 +1062,95 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static int Max (this IEnumerable<int> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       int maximum = int.MinValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (int element in source) {
-                               if (element > maximum)
-                                       maximum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return maximum;
+                       return Iterate (source, int.MinValue, (a, b) => a > b);
                }
 
+               public static long Max (this IEnumerable<long> source)
+               {
+                       return Iterate (source, long.MinValue, (a, b) => a > b);
+               }
 
-               public static int? Max (this IEnumerable<int?> source)
+               public static double Max (this IEnumerable<double> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       return Iterate (source, double.MinValue, (a, b) => a > b);
+               }
 
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       int? maximum = int.MinValue;
-                       foreach (int? element in source) {
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element > maximum)
-                                               maximum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : maximum);
+               public static float Max (this IEnumerable<float> source)
+               {
+                       return Iterate (source, float.MinValue, (a, b) => a > b);
                }
 
+               public static decimal Max (this IEnumerable<decimal> source)
+               {
+                       return Iterate (source, decimal.MinValue, (a, b) => a > b);
+               }
 
-               public static long Max (this IEnumerable<long> source)
+               static T Iterate<T> (IEnumerable<T> source, T initValue, Func<T, T, bool> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
-                       long maximum = long.MinValue;
                        int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (long element in source) {
-                               if (element > maximum)
-                                       maximum = element;
-                               counter++;
+                       foreach (var element in source) {
+                               if (selector (element, initValue))
+                                       initValue = element;
+                               ++counter;
                        }
 
                        if (counter == 0)
                                throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return maximum;
-               }
 
+                       return initValue;
+               }
 
-               public static long? Max (this IEnumerable<long?> source)
+               public static int? Max (this IEnumerable<int?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       long? maximum = long.MinValue;
-                       foreach (long? element in source) {
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element > maximum)
-                                               maximum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : maximum);
+                       return IterateNullable (source, int.MinValue, (a, b) => a > b);
                }
 
-
-               public static double Max (this IEnumerable<double> source)
+               public static long? Max (this IEnumerable<long?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       double maximum = double.MinValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (double element in source) {
-                               if (element > maximum)
-                                       maximum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return maximum;
+                       return IterateNullable (source, long.MinValue, (a, b) => a > b);
                }
 
-
                public static double? Max (this IEnumerable<double?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       return IterateNullable (source, double.MinValue, (a, b) => a > b);
+               }
 
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       double? maximum = double.MinValue;
-                       foreach (double? element in source) {
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element > maximum)
-                                               maximum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : maximum);
+               public static float? Max (this IEnumerable<float?> source)
+               {
+                       return IterateNullable (source, float.MinValue, (a, b) => a > b);
                }
 
+               public static decimal? Max (this IEnumerable<decimal?> source)
+               {
+                       return IterateNullable (source, decimal.MinValue, (a, b) => a > b);
+               }
 
-               public static decimal Max (this IEnumerable<decimal> source)
+               static T? IterateNullable<T> (IEnumerable<T?> source, T initValue, Func<T?, T?, bool> selector) where T : struct
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
-                       decimal maximum = decimal.MinValue;
                        int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (decimal element in source) {
-                               if (element > maximum)
-                                       maximum = element;
-                               counter++;
+                       T? value = initValue;
+                       foreach (var element in source) {
+                               if (!element.HasValue)
+                                       continue;
+
+                               if (selector (element.Value, value))
+                                       value = element;
+                               ++counter;
                        }
 
                        if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return maximum;
-               }
-
-
-               public static decimal? Max (this IEnumerable<decimal?> source)
-               {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       decimal? maximum = decimal.MinValue;
-                       foreach (decimal? element in source) {
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element > maximum)
-                                               maximum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : maximum);
-               }
+                               return null;
 
+                       return initValue;
+               }
 
                public static TSource Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        bool notAssigned = true;
                        TSource maximum = default (TSource);
@@ -1165,171 +1180,116 @@ namespace System.Linq
                                return maximum;
                }
 
-
-               public static int Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                               Func<TSource, int> selector)
+               public static int Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       int maximum = int.MinValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               int element = selector (item);
-                               if (element > maximum)
-                                       maximum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return maximum;
+                       return Iterate (source, int.MinValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v > b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
+               public static long Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, long> selector)
+               {
+                       return Iterate (source, long.MinValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v > b ? v : b;
+                       });
+               }
 
-               public static int? Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                               Func<TSource, int?> selector)
+               public static double Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, double> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       return Iterate (source, double.MinValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v > b ? v : b;
+                       });
+               }
 
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       int? maximum = int.MinValue;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               int? element = selector (item);
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element > maximum)
-                                               maximum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : maximum);
+               public static float Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, float> selector)
+               {
+                       return Iterate (source, float.MinValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v > b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
+               public static decimal Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, decimal> selector)
+               {
+                       return Iterate (source, decimal.MinValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v > b ? v : b;
+                       });
+               }
 
-               public static long Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                       Func<TSource, long> selector)
+               static U Iterate<T, U> (IEnumerable<T> source, U initValue, Func<T, U, U> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
-                       long maximum = long.MinValue;
                        int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               long element = selector (item);
-                               if (element > maximum)
-                                       maximum = element;
-                               counter++;
+                       foreach (var element in source) {
+                               initValue = selector (element, initValue);
+                               ++counter;
                        }
 
                        if (counter == 0)
                                throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return maximum;
-               }
-
 
-               public static long? Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                       Func<TSource, long?> selector)
-               {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       long? maximum = long.MinValue;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               long? element = selector (item);
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element > maximum)
-                                               maximum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : maximum);
+                       return initValue;
                }
 
-
-               public static double Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                       Func<TSource, double> selector)
+               static U? IterateNullable<T, U> (IEnumerable<T> source, U initialValue, Func<T, U?, U?> selector) where U : struct
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
-                       double maximum = double.MinValue;
                        int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               double element = selector (item);
-                               if (element > maximum)
-                                       maximum = element;
-                               counter++;
+                       U? value = initialValue;
+                       foreach (var element in source) {
+                               value = selector (element, value);
+                               if (!value.HasValue)
+                                       continue;
+
+                               ++counter;
                        }
 
                        if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return maximum;
-               }
+                               return null;
 
+                       return value;
+               }
 
-               public static double? Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                       Func<TSource, double?> selector)
+               public static int? Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       double? maximum = double.MinValue;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               double? element = selector (item);
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element > maximum)
-                                               maximum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : maximum);
+                       return IterateNullable (source, int.MinValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v > b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
-
-               public static decimal Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                       Func<TSource, decimal> selector)
+               public static long? Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, long?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       decimal maximum = decimal.MinValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               decimal element = selector (item);
-                               if (element > maximum)
-                                       maximum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return maximum;
+                       return IterateNullable (source, long.MinValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v > b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
-
-               public static decimal? Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                       Func<TSource, decimal?> selector)
+               public static double? Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, double?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       return IterateNullable (source, double.MinValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v > b ? v : b;
+                       });
+               }
 
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       decimal? maximum = decimal.MinValue;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               decimal? element = selector (item);
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element > maximum)
-                                               maximum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : maximum);
+               public static float? Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, float?> selector)
+               {
+                       return IterateNullable (source, float.MinValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v > b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
+               public static decimal? Max<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, decimal?> selector)
+               {
+                       return IterateNullable (source, decimal.MinValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v > b ? v : b;
+                       });
+               }
 
                public static TResult Max<TSource, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, TResult> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        bool notAssigned = true;
                        TResult maximum = default (TResult);
@@ -1366,150 +1326,57 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static int Min (this IEnumerable<int> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       int minimum = int.MaxValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (int element in source) {
-                               if (element < minimum)
-                                       minimum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return minimum;
+                       return Iterate (source, int.MaxValue, (a, b) => a < b);
                }
 
-
-               public static int? Min (this IEnumerable<int?> source)
+               public static long Min (this IEnumerable<long> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       int? minimum = int.MaxValue;
-                       foreach (int? element in source) {
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element < minimum)
-                                               minimum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : minimum);
+                       return Iterate (source, long.MaxValue, (a, b) => a < b);
                }
 
-               public static long Min (this IEnumerable<long> source)
+               public static double Min (this IEnumerable<double> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       long minimum = long.MaxValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (long element in source) {
-                               if (element < minimum)
-                                       minimum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return minimum;
+                       return Iterate (source, double.MaxValue, (a, b) => a < b);
                }
 
-
-               public static long? Min (this IEnumerable<long?> source)
+               public static float Min (this IEnumerable<float> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       long? minimum = long.MaxValue;
-                       foreach (long? element in source) {
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element < minimum)
-                                               minimum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : minimum);
+                       return Iterate (source, float.MaxValue, (a, b) => a < b);
                }
 
-
-               public static double Min (this IEnumerable<double> source)
+               public static decimal Min (this IEnumerable<decimal> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       double minimum = double.MaxValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (double element in source) {
-                               if (element < minimum)
-                                       minimum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
+                       return Iterate (source, decimal.MaxValue, (a, b) => a < b);
+               }
 
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return minimum;
+               public static int? Min (this IEnumerable<int?> source)
+               {
+                       return IterateNullable (source, int.MaxValue, (a, b) => a < b);
                }
 
+               public static long? Min (this IEnumerable<long?> source)
+               {
+                       return IterateNullable (source, long.MaxValue, (a, b) => a < b);
+               }
 
                public static double? Min (this IEnumerable<double?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       double? minimum = double.MaxValue;
-                       foreach (double? element in source) {
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element < minimum)
-                                               minimum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : minimum);
+                       return IterateNullable (source, double.MaxValue, (a, b) => a < b);
                }
 
-
-               public static decimal Min (this IEnumerable<decimal> source)
+               public static float? Min (this IEnumerable<float?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       decimal minimum = decimal.MaxValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (decimal element in source) {
-                               if (element < minimum)
-                                       minimum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return minimum;
+                       return IterateNullable (source, float.MaxValue, (a, b) => a < b);
                }
 
-
                public static decimal? Min (this IEnumerable<decimal?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       decimal? minimum = decimal.MaxValue;
-                       foreach (decimal? element in source) {
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element < minimum)
-                                               minimum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : minimum);
+                       return IterateNullable (source, decimal.MaxValue, (a, b) => a < b);
                }
 
-
                public static TSource Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        bool notAssigned = true;
                        TSource minimum = default (TSource);
@@ -1539,171 +1406,80 @@ namespace System.Linq
                                return minimum;
                }
 
-
-               public static int Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                       Func<TSource, int> selector)
+               public static int Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       int minimum = int.MaxValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               int element = selector (item);
-                               if (element < minimum)
-                                       minimum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return minimum;
+                       return Iterate (source, int.MaxValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v < b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
-
-               public static int? Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                               Func<TSource, int?> selector)
+               public static long Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, long> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       int? minimum = int.MaxValue;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               int? element = selector (item);
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element < minimum)
-                                               minimum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : minimum);
+                       return Iterate (source, long.MaxValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v < b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
-
-               public static long Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                               Func<TSource, long> selector)
+               public static double Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, double> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       long minimum = long.MaxValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               long element = selector (item);
-                               if (element < minimum)
-                                       minimum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return minimum;
+                       return Iterate (source, double.MaxValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v < b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
-
-               public static long? Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                               Func<TSource, long?> selector)
+               public static float Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, float> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       long? minimum = long.MaxValue;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               long? element = selector (item);
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element < minimum)
-                                               minimum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : minimum);
+                       return Iterate (source, float.MaxValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v < b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
-
-               public static double Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                       Func<TSource, double> selector)
+               public static decimal Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, decimal> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       double minimum = double.MaxValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               double element = selector (item);
-                               if (element < minimum)
-                                       minimum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return minimum;
+                       return Iterate (source, decimal.MaxValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v < b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
-
-               public static double? Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                               Func<TSource, double?> selector)
+               public static int? Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       double? minimum = double.MaxValue;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               double? element = selector (item);
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element < minimum)
-                                               minimum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : minimum);
+                       return IterateNullable (source, int.MaxValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v < b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
-
-               public static decimal Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                               Func<TSource, decimal> selector)
+               public static long? Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, long?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       decimal minimum = decimal.MaxValue;
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               decimal element = selector (item);
-                               if (element < minimum)
-                                       minimum = element;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-
-                       if (counter == 0)
-                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
-                       else
-                               return minimum;
+                       return IterateNullable (source, long.MaxValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v < b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
-
-               public static decimal? Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
-                               Func<TSource, decimal?> selector)
+               public static double? Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, float?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       return IterateNullable (source, float.MaxValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v < b ? v : b;
+                       });
+               }
 
-                       bool onlyNull = true;
-                       decimal? minimum = decimal.MaxValue;
-                       foreach (TSource item in source) {
-                               decimal? element = selector (item);
-                               if (element.HasValue) {
-                                       onlyNull = false;
-                                       if (element < minimum)
-                                               minimum = element;
-                               }
-                       }
-                       return (onlyNull ? null : minimum);
+               public static double? Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, double?> selector)
+               {
+                       return IterateNullable (source, double.MaxValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v < b ? v : b;
+                       });
                }
 
+               public static decimal? Min<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, decimal?> selector)
+               {
+                       return IterateNullable (source, decimal.MaxValue, (a, b) => {
+                               var v = selector (a); return v < b ? v : b;
+                       });
+               }
 
                public static TResult Min<TSource, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, TResult> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        bool notAssigned = true;
                        TResult minimum = default (TResult);
@@ -1740,7 +1516,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static IEnumerable<TResult> OfType<TResult> (this IEnumerable source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        foreach (object element in source)
                                if (element is TResult)
@@ -1762,7 +1538,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                                Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector,
                                IComparer<TKey> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
+                       Check.SourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
 
                        return new InternalOrderedSequence<TSource, TKey> (
                                        source, keySelector, comparer, false);
@@ -1782,7 +1558,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static IOrderedEnumerable<TSource> OrderByDescending<TSource, TKey> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, IComparer<TKey> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
+                       Check.SourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
 
                        return new InternalOrderedSequence<TSource, TKey> (
                                        source, keySelector, comparer, true);
@@ -1799,7 +1575,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        if (count < 0 || upto > int.MaxValue)
                                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException ();
 
-                       for (int i = start; i < upto; i++)
+                       for (int i = start; i <= upto; i++)
                                yield return i;
                }
 
@@ -1823,7 +1599,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> Reverse<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        List<TSource> list = new List<TSource> (source);
                        list.Reverse ();
@@ -1837,17 +1613,16 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static IEnumerable<TResult> Select<TSource, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, TResult> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in source)
                                yield return selector (element);
                }
 
-
                public static IEnumerable<TResult> Select<TSource, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, int, TResult> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        int counter = 0;
                        foreach (TSource element in source) {
@@ -1863,7 +1638,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static IEnumerable<TResult> SelectMany<TSource, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, IEnumerable<TResult>> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in source)
                                foreach (TResult item in selector (element))
@@ -1874,7 +1649,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static IEnumerable<TResult> SelectMany<TSource, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, int, IEnumerable<TResult>> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndSelector (source, selector);
 
                        int counter = 0;
                        foreach (TSource element in source) {
@@ -1887,7 +1662,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static IEnumerable<TResult> SelectMany<TSource, TCollection, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                        Func<TSource, IEnumerable<TCollection>> collectionSelector, Func<TSource, TCollection, TResult> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndCollectionSelectors (source, collectionSelector, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndCollectionSelectors (source, collectionSelector, selector);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in source)
                                foreach (TCollection collection in collectionSelector (element))
@@ -1897,7 +1672,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static IEnumerable<TResult> SelectMany<TSource, TCollection, TResult> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                Func<TSource, int, IEnumerable<TCollection>> collectionSelector, Func<TSource, TCollection, TResult> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndCollectionSelectors (source, collectionSelector, selector);
+                       Check.SourceAndCollectionSelectors (source, collectionSelector, selector);
 
                        int counter = 0;
                        foreach (TSource element in source)
@@ -1911,7 +1686,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static TSource Single<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        bool otherElement = false;
                        TSource singleElement = default (TSource);
@@ -1931,7 +1706,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static TSource Single<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        bool otherElement = false;
                        TSource singleElement = default (TSource);
@@ -1955,7 +1730,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static TSource SingleOrDefault<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        bool otherElement = false;
                        TSource singleElement = default (TSource);
@@ -1972,7 +1747,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static TSource SingleOrDefault<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        bool otherElement = false;
                        TSource singleElement = default (TSource);
@@ -1992,7 +1767,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                #region Skip
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> Skip<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, int count)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        int i = 0;
                        foreach (var element in source) {
@@ -2011,7 +1786,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                                this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        bool yield = false;
 
@@ -2029,7 +1804,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> SkipWhile<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, int, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        int counter = 0;
                        bool yield = false;
@@ -2052,208 +1827,146 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static int Sum (this IEnumerable<int> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       int sum = 0;
-                       foreach (int element in source)
-                               sum += element;
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return Sum<int, int> (source, (a, b) => a + b);
                }
 
-               public static int Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int> selector)
+               public static int? Sum (this IEnumerable<int?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       int sum = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource element in source)
-                               sum += selector (element);
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return SumNullable<int?, int?> (source, (a, b) => a.HasValue ? a + b : a);
                }
 
-
-               public static int? Sum (this IEnumerable<int?> source)
+               public static int Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       int? sum = 0;
-                       foreach (int? element in source)
-                               if (element.HasValue)
-                                       sum += element.Value;
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return Sum<TSource, int> (source, (a, b) => a + selector (b));
                }
 
-
                public static int? Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       int? sum = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource element in source) {
-                               int? item = selector (element);
-                               if (item.HasValue)
-                                       sum += item.Value;
-                       }
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return SumNullable<TSource, int?> (source, (a, b) => {
+                               var value = selector (b);
+                               return value.HasValue ? a + value.Value : a;
+                       });
                }
 
-
                public static long Sum (this IEnumerable<long> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       long sum = 0;
-                       foreach (long element in source)
-                               sum += element;
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return Sum<long, long> (source, (a, b) => a + b);
                }
 
-
-               public static long Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, long> selector)
+               public static long? Sum (this IEnumerable<long?> source)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       long sum = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource element in source)
-                               sum += selector (element);
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return SumNullable<long?, long?> (source, (a, b) => a.HasValue ? a + b : a);
                }
 
-
-               public static long? Sum (this IEnumerable<long?> source)
+               public static long Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, long> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       long? sum = 0;
-                       foreach (long? element in source)
-                               if (element.HasValue)
-                                       sum += element.Value;
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return Sum<TSource, long> (source, (a, b) => a + selector (b));
                }
 
-
                public static long? Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, long?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       long? sum = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource element in source) {
-                               long? item = selector (element);
-                               if (item.HasValue)
-                                       sum += item.Value;
-                       }
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return SumNullable<TSource, long?> (source, (a, b) => {
+                               var value = selector (b);
+                               return value.HasValue ? a + value.Value : a;
+                       });
                }
 
-
                public static double Sum (this IEnumerable<double> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       double sum = 0;
-                       foreach (double element in source)
-                               sum += element;
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return Sum<double, double> (source, (a, b) => a + b);
                }
 
+               public static double? Sum (this IEnumerable<double?> source)
+               {
+                       return SumNullable<double?, double?> (source, (a, b) => a.HasValue ? a + b : a);
+               }
 
                public static double Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, double> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       double sum = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource element in source)
-                               sum += selector (element);
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return Sum<TSource, double> (source, (a, b) => a + selector (b));
                }
 
-
-               public static double? Sum (this IEnumerable<double?> source)
+               public static double? Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, double?> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       double? sum = 0;
-                       foreach (double? element in source)
-                               if (element.HasValue)
-                                       sum += element.Value;
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return SumNullable<TSource, double?> (source, (a, b) => {
+                               var value = selector (b);
+                               return value.HasValue ? a + value.Value : a;
+                       });
                }
 
-
-               public static double? Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, double?> selector)
+               public static float Sum (this IEnumerable<float> source)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       return Sum<float, float> (source, (a, b) => a + b);
+               }
 
-                       double? sum = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource element in source) {
-                               double? item = selector (element);
-                               if (item.HasValue)
-                                       sum += item.Value;
-                       }
+               public static float? Sum (this IEnumerable<float?> source)
+               {
+                       return SumNullable<float?, float?> (source, (a, b) => a.HasValue ? a + b : a);
+               }
 
-                       return sum;
+               public static float Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, float> selector)
+               {
+                       return Sum<TSource, float> (source, (a, b) => a + selector (b));
                }
 
+               public static float? Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, float?> selector)
+               {
+                       return SumNullable<TSource, float?> (source, (a, b) => {
+                               var value = selector (b);
+                               return value.HasValue ? a + value.Value : a;
+                       });
+               }
 
                public static decimal Sum (this IEnumerable<decimal> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
-
-                       decimal sum = 0;
-                       foreach (decimal element in source)
-                               sum += element;
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return Sum<decimal, decimal> (source, (a, b) => a + b);
                }
 
+               public static decimal? Sum (this IEnumerable<decimal?> source)
+               {
+                       return SumNullable<decimal?, decimal?> (source, (a, b) => a.HasValue ? a + b : a);
+               }
 
                public static decimal Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, decimal> selector)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
-
-                       decimal sum = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource element in source)
-                               sum += selector (element);
-
-                       return sum;
+                       return Sum<TSource, decimal> (source, (a, b) => a + selector (b));
                }
 
+               public static decimal? Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, decimal?> selector)
+               {
+                       return SumNullable<TSource, decimal?> (source, (a, b) => {
+                               var value = selector (b);
+                               return value.HasValue ? a + value.Value : a;
+                       });
+               }
 
-               public static decimal? Sum (this IEnumerable<decimal?> source)
+               static TR Sum<TA, TR> (this IEnumerable<TA> source, Func<TR, TA, TR> func)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
-                       decimal? sum = 0;
-                       foreach (decimal? element in source)
-                               if (element.HasValue)
-                                       sum += element.Value;
+                       TR total = default (TR);
+                       int counter = 0;
+                       foreach (var element in source) {
+                               total = func (total, element);
+                               ++counter;
+                       }
 
-                       return sum;
-               }
+                       if (counter == 0)
+                               throw new InvalidOperationException ();
 
+                       return total;
+               }
 
-               public static decimal? Sum<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, decimal?> selector)
+               static TR SumNullable<TA, TR> (this IEnumerable<TA> source, Func<TR, TA, TR> func)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndSelector (source, selector);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
-                       decimal? sum = 0;
-                       foreach (TSource element in source) {
-                               decimal? item = selector (element);
-                               if (item.HasValue)
-                                       sum += item.Value;
+                       TR total = default (TR);
+                       foreach (var element in source) {
+                               total = func (total, element);
                        }
 
-                       return sum;
+                       return total;
                }
 
                #endregion
@@ -2262,7 +1975,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> Take<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, int count)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        if (count <= 0)
                                yield break;
@@ -2282,7 +1995,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> TakeWhile<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in source) {
                                if (!predicate (element))
@@ -2294,7 +2007,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> TakeWhile<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, int, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        int counter = 0;
                        foreach (var element in source) {
@@ -2319,7 +2032,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static IOrderedEnumerable<TSource> ThenBy<TSource, TKey> (this IOrderedEnumerable<TSource> source,
                        Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, IComparer<TKey> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
+                       Check.SourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
 
                        return source.CreateOrderedEnumerable (keySelector, comparer, false);
                }
@@ -2338,7 +2051,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static IOrderedEnumerable<TSource> ThenByDescending<TSource, TKey> (this IOrderedEnumerable<TSource> source,
                        Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, IComparer<TKey> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
+                       Check.SourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
 
                        return source.CreateOrderedEnumerable (keySelector, comparer, true);
                }
@@ -2348,7 +2061,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                #region ToArray
                public static TSource [] ToArray<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        List<TSource> list = new List<TSource> (source);
                        return list.ToArray ();
@@ -2357,15 +2070,16 @@ namespace System.Linq
                #endregion
 
                #region ToDictionary
-               public static Dictionary<TKey, TElement> ToDictionary<TSource, TKey, TElement> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector)
+               public static Dictionary<TKey, TElement> ToDictionary<TSource, TKey, TElement> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
+                               Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector)
                {
                        return ToDictionary<TSource, TKey, TElement> (source, keySelector, elementSelector, null);
                }
 
-
-               public static Dictionary<TKey, TElement> ToDictionary<TSource, TKey, TElement> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)
+               public static Dictionary<TKey, TElement> ToDictionary<TSource, TKey, TElement> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
+                               Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndKeyElementSelectors (source, keySelector, elementSelector);
+                       Check.SourceAndKeyElementSelectors (source, keySelector, elementSelector);
 
                        var dict = new Dictionary<TKey, TElement> (comparer);
                        foreach (var e in source)
@@ -2373,12 +2087,27 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                        return dict;
                }
+
+               public static Dictionary<TKey, TSource> ToDictionary<TSource, TKey> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
+                               Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector)
+               {
+                       return ToDictionary (source, keySelector, null);
+               }
+
+               public static Dictionary<TKey, TSource> ToDictionary<TSource, TKey> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
+                               Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)
+               {
+                       throw new NotImplementedException ();
+                       // FIXME: compiler issue
+                       //return ToDictionary (source, keySelector, (a) => a, comparer);
+               }
+
                #endregion
 
                #region ToList
                public static List<TSource> ToList<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {
-                       CheckSource (source);
+                       Check.Source (source);
 
                        return new List<TSource> (source);
                }
@@ -2386,16 +2115,15 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                #region ToLookup
 
-               public static Lookup<TKey, TSource> ToLookup<TSource, TKey> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector)
+               public static ILookup<TKey, TSource> ToLookup<TSource, TKey> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source, Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector)
                {
                        return ToLookup<TSource, TKey> (source, keySelector, null);
                }
 
-
-               public static Lookup<TKey, TSource> ToLookup<TSource, TKey> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
+               public static ILookup<TKey, TSource> ToLookup<TSource, TKey> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                        Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
+                       Check.SourceAndKeySelector (source, keySelector);
 
                        var dictionary = new Dictionary<TKey, List<TSource>> (comparer ?? EqualityComparer<TKey>.Default);
                        foreach (TSource element in source) {
@@ -2409,18 +2137,16 @@ namespace System.Linq
                        return new Lookup<TKey, TSource> (dictionary);
                }
 
-
-               public static Lookup<TKey, TElement> ToLookup<TSource, TKey, TElement> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
+               public static ILookup<TKey, TElement> ToLookup<TSource, TKey, TElement> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                        Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector)
                {
                        return ToLookup<TSource, TKey, TElement> (source, keySelector, elementSelector, null);
                }
 
-
-               public static Lookup<TKey, TElement> ToLookup<TSource, TKey, TElement> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
+               public static ILookup<TKey, TElement> ToLookup<TSource, TKey, TElement> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                        Func<TSource, TKey> keySelector, Func<TSource, TElement> elementSelector, IEqualityComparer<TKey> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndKeyElementSelectors (source, keySelector, elementSelector);
+                       Check.SourceAndKeyElementSelectors (source, keySelector, elementSelector);
 
                        Dictionary<TKey, List<TElement>> dictionary = new Dictionary<TKey, List<TElement>> (comparer ?? EqualityComparer<TKey>.Default);
                        foreach (TSource element in source) {
@@ -2436,15 +2162,6 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                #endregion
 
-               #region ToSequence
-
-               public static IEnumerable<T> ToSequence<T> (this IEnumerable<T> source)
-               {
-                       return (IEnumerable<T>) source;
-               }
-
-               #endregion
-
                #region SequenceEqual
 
                public static bool SequenceEqual<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> first, IEnumerable<TSource> second)
@@ -2454,7 +2171,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static bool SequenceEqual<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> first, IEnumerable<TSource> second, IEqualityComparer<TSource> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckFirstAndSecond (first, second);
+                       Check.FirstAndSecond (first, second);
 
                        if (comparer == null)
                                comparer = EqualityComparer<TSource>.Default;
@@ -2479,12 +2196,14 @@ namespace System.Linq
 
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> Union<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> first, IEnumerable<TSource> second)
                {
+                       Check.FirstAndSecond (first, second);
+
                        return first.Union (second, null);
                }
 
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> Union<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> first, IEnumerable<TSource> second, IEqualityComparer<TSource> comparer)
                {
-                       CheckFirstAndSecond (first, second);
+                       Check.FirstAndSecond (first, second);
 
                        if (comparer == null)
                                comparer = EqualityComparer<TSource>.Default;
@@ -2512,7 +2231,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> Where<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        foreach (TSource element in source)
                                if (predicate (element))
@@ -2523,7 +2242,7 @@ namespace System.Linq
                public static IEnumerable<TSource> Where<TSource> (this IEnumerable<TSource> source,
                                Func<TSource, int, bool> predicate)
                {
-                       CheckSourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
+                       Check.SourceAndPredicate (source, predicate);
 
                        int counter = 0;
                        foreach (TSource element in source) {
@@ -2539,130 +2258,6 @@ namespace System.Linq
                // .NET Standard Query Operators Specification,
                // but they provide additional useful commands
 
-               #region Checks
-
-               static void CheckSource (object source)
-               {
-                       if (source == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("source");
-               }
-
-               static void CheckSourceAndFunc (object source, object func)
-               {
-                       if (source == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("source");
-                       if (func == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("func");
-               }
-
-               static void CheckSourceAndSelector (object source, object selector)
-               {
-                       if (source == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("source");
-                       if (selector == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("selector");
-               }
-
-               static void CheckSourceAndPredicate (object source, object predicate)
-               {
-                       if (source == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("source");
-                       if (predicate == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("predicate");
-               }
-
-               static void CheckFirstAndSecond (object first, object second)
-               {
-                       if (first == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("first");
-                       if (second == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("second");
-               }
-
-               static void CheckSourceAndKeySelector (object source, object keySelector)
-               {
-                       if (source == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("source");
-                       if (keySelector == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("keySelector");
-               }
-
-               static void CheckSourceAndKeyElementSelectors (object source, object keySelector, object elementSelector)
-               {
-                       if (source == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("source");
-                       if (keySelector == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("keySelector");
-                       if (elementSelector == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("elementSelector");
-               }
-
-               static void CheckSourceAndCollectionSelectors (object source, object collectionSelector, object selector)
-               {
-                       if (source == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("source");
-                       if (collectionSelector == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("collectionSelector");
-                       if (selector == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("selector");
-               }
-
-               static void CheckJoinSelectors (object outer, object inner, object outerKeySelector, object innerKeySelector, object resultSelector)
-               {
-                       if (outer == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("outer");
-                       if (inner == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("inner");
-                       if (outerKeySelector == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("outerKeySelector");
-                       if (innerKeySelector == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("innerKeySelector");
-                       if (resultSelector == null)
-                               throw new ArgumentNullException ("resultSelector");
-               }
-
-               #endregion
-
-               #region Compare
-
-               static bool Equals<T> (T first, T second)
-               {
-                       // Mostly, values in Enumerable<T> 
-                       // sequences need to be compared using
-                       // Equals and GetHashCode
-
-                       if (first == null || second == null)
-                               return (first == null && second == null);
-                       else
-                               return ((first.Equals (second) ||
-                                                first.GetHashCode () == second.GetHashCode ()));
-               }
-
-               #endregion
-
-               #region IndexOf
-
-               static int IndexOf<T> (this IEnumerable<T> source, T item, IEqualityComparer<T> comparer)
-               {
-                       if (comparer == null)
-                               comparer = EqualityComparer<T>.Default;
-
-                       int counter = 0;
-                       foreach (T element in source) {
-                               if (comparer.Equals (element, item))
-                                       return counter;
-                               counter++;
-                       }
-                       // The item was not found
-                       return -1;
-               }
-
-               static int IndexOf<T> (this IEnumerable<T> source, T item)
-               {
-                       return IndexOf<T> (source, item, null);
-               }
-               #endregion
-
                #region ToReadOnlyCollection
                internal static ReadOnlyCollection<TSource> ToReadOnlyCollection<TSource> (IEnumerable<TSource> source)
                {