- removed unused exception class_ declarations
[cacao.git] / loader.c
index 8d572e8e8aaf5c9398b0e8b6fc7f3ed24d6d8eda..98d0fc92b48c4a42b33380f26d2334418b7abcfc 100644 (file)
--- a/loader.c
+++ b/loader.c
             Mark Probst
                        Edwin Steiner
 
-   $Id: loader.c 723 2003-12-08 19:51:32Z edwin $
+   $Id: loader.c 991 2004-03-29 11:22:34Z stefan $
 
 */
 
 
+#include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include "global.h"
 #include "loader.h"
+#include "main.h"
 #include "native.h"
 #include "tables.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
@@ -48,7 +50,8 @@
 #include "toolbox/memory.h"
 #include "toolbox/loging.h"
 #include "threads/thread.h"
-#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include "threads/locks.h"
+#include "nat/java_lang_Throwable.h"
 
 #ifdef USE_ZLIB
 #include "unzip.h"
 
 /* global variables ***********************************************************/
 
-bool opt_rt = false;            /* true if RTA parse should be used     RT-CO */
-bool opt_xta = false;           /* true if XTA parse should be used    XTA-CO */
-bool opt_vta = false;           /* true if VTA parse should be used    VTA-CO */
-
 int count_class_infos = 0;      /* variables for measurements                 */
 int count_const_pool_len = 0;
 int count_vftbl_len = 0;
@@ -73,16 +72,8 @@ int count_extable_len = 0;
 int count_class_loads = 0;
 int count_class_inits = 0;
 
-bool loadverbose = false;       /* switches for debug messages                */
-bool linkverbose = false;
-bool initverbose = false;
-
-bool makeinitializations = true;
-
-bool getloadingtime  = false;   /* to measure the runtime                     */
-long int loadingtime = 0;
-
-static s4 interfaceindex;       /* sequential numbering of interfaces         */ 
+static s4 interfaceindex;       /* sequential numbering of interfaces         */
+static s4 classvalue;
 
 list unloadedclasses;       /* list of all referenced but not loaded classes  */
 list unlinkedclasses;       /* list of all loaded but not linked classes      */
@@ -91,23 +82,25 @@ list linkedclasses;         /* list of all completely linked classes          */
 
 /* utf-symbols for pointer comparison of frequently used strings */
 
-static utf *utf_innerclasses;          /* InnerClasses                    */
-static utf *utf_constantvalue;                 /* ConstantValue                   */
-static utf *utf_code;                      /* Code                            */
-static utf *utf_finalize;                  /* finalize                            */
-static utf *utf_fidesc;                    /* ()V changed                                   */
-static utf *utf_clinit;                    /* <clinit>                            */
-static utf *utf_initsystemclass;       /* initializeSystemClass */
-static utf *utf_systemclass;           /* java/lang/System        */
-static utf *utf_vmclassloader; /*java/lang/VMClassLoader*/
-static utf *utf_vmclass; /*java/lang/VMClassLoader*/
+static utf *utf_innerclasses;          /* InnerClasses            */
+static utf *utf_constantvalue;                 /* ConstantValue           */
+static utf *utf_code;                      /* Code                    */
+static utf *utf_exceptions;            /* Exceptions                    */
+static utf *utf_linenumbertable;               /* LineNumberTable                    */
+static utf *utf_sourcefile;            /*SourceFile*/
+static utf *utf_finalize;                  /* finalize                */
+static utf *utf_fidesc;                    /* ()V changed             */
+static utf *utf_init;                          /* <init>                  */
+static utf *utf_clinit;                    /* <clinit>                */
+static utf *utf_initsystemclass;       /* initializeSystemClass   */
+static utf *utf_systemclass;           /* java/lang/System        */
+static utf *utf_vmclassloader;      /* java/lang/VMClassLoader */
+static utf *utf_vmclass;            /* java/lang/VMClassLoader */
 static utf *utf_initialize;
 static utf *utf_initializedesc;
+static utf *utf_java_lang_Object;   /* java/lang/Object        */
 
 
-#ifdef USE_ZLIB
-static unzFile uf = 0;
-#endif
 
 
 utf* clinit_desc(){
@@ -116,6 +109,8 @@ utf* clinit_desc(){
 utf* clinit_name(){
        return utf_clinit;
 }
+
+
 /* important system classes ***************************************************/
 
 classinfo *class_java_lang_Object;
@@ -143,10 +138,18 @@ static classinfo *class_java_lang_ArithmeticException;
 static classinfo *class_java_lang_ArrayStoreException;
 static classinfo *class_java_lang_ThreadDeath;
 
-static methodinfo method_clone_array;
+utf *array_packagename = NULL;
 
 static int loader_inited = 0;
 
+
+/********************************************************************
+   list of classpath entries (either filesystem directories or 
+   ZIP/JAR archives
+********************************************************************/
+static classpath_info *classpath_entries=0;
+
+
 /******************************************************************************
 
    structure for primitive classes: contains the class for wrapping the 
@@ -159,15 +162,17 @@ static int loader_inited = 0;
  * by the ARRAYTYPE_ constants (expcept ARRAYTYPE_OBJECT).
  */
 primitivetypeinfo primitivetype_table[PRIMITIVETYPE_COUNT] = { 
-               { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Integer",   'I', "int"     , "[I", NULL, NULL },
-               { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Long",      'J', "long"    , "[J", NULL, NULL },
-               { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Float",     'F', "float"   , "[F", NULL, NULL },
-               { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Double",    'D', "double"  , "[D", NULL, NULL },
-               { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Byte",      'B', "byte"    , "[B", NULL, NULL },
-               { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Character", 'C', "char"    , "[C", NULL, NULL },
-               { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Short",     'S', "short"   , "[S", NULL, NULL },
-               { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Boolean",   'Z', "boolean" , "[Z", NULL, NULL },
-               { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Void",      'V', "void"    , NULL, NULL, NULL }};
+       { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Integer",   'I', "int"     , "[I", NULL, NULL },
+       { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Long",      'J', "long"    , "[J", NULL, NULL },
+       { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Float",     'F', "float"   , "[F", NULL, NULL },
+       { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Double",    'D', "double"  , "[D", NULL, NULL },
+       { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Byte",      'B', "byte"    , "[B", NULL, NULL },
+       { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Character", 'C', "char"    , "[C", NULL, NULL },
+       { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Short",     'S', "short"   , "[S", NULL, NULL },
+       { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Boolean",   'Z', "boolean" , "[Z", NULL, NULL },
+       { NULL, NULL, "java/lang/Void",      'V', "void"    , NULL, NULL, NULL }
+};
+
 
 /* instances of important system classes **************************************/
 
@@ -192,29 +197,51 @@ static u1 *classbuffer    = NULL;   /* pointer to buffer with classfile-data  */
 static u1 *classbuf_pos;            /* current position in classfile buffer   */
 static int classbuffer_size;        /* size of classfile-data                 */
 
+/* assert that at least <len> bytes are left to read */
+/* <len> is limited to the range of non-negative s4 values */
+#define ASSERT_LEFT(len)                                                                                               \
+       do {if ( ((s4)(len)) < 0                                                                                        \
+                        || ((classbuffer + classbuffer_size) - classbuf_pos - 1) < (len)) \
+                       panic("Unexpected end of classfile"); } while(0)
+
 /* transfer block of classfile data into a buffer */
 
-#define suck_nbytes(buffer,len) memcpy(buffer,classbuf_pos+1,len); \
-                                classbuf_pos+=len;
+#define suck_nbytes(buffer,len)                                                \
+       do {ASSERT_LEFT(len);                                                   \
+               memcpy(buffer,classbuf_pos+1,len);                      \
+               classbuf_pos+=len;} while (0)
 
 /* skip block of classfile data */
 
-#define skip_nbytes(len) classbuf_pos+=len;
+#define skip_nbytes(len)                                               \
+       do {ASSERT_LEFT(len);                                           \
+               classbuf_pos+=len;} while(0)
+
 
 inline u1 suck_u1()
 {
+       ASSERT_LEFT(1);
        return *++classbuf_pos;
 }
+
+
 inline u2 suck_u2()
 {
-       u1 a=suck_u1(), b=suck_u1();
-       return ((u2)a<<8)+(u2)b;
+       u1 a = suck_u1();
+       u1 b = suck_u1();
+       return ((u2) a << 8) + (u2) b;
 }
+
+
 inline u4 suck_u4()
 {
-       u1 a=suck_u1(), b=suck_u1(), c=suck_u1(), d=suck_u1();
-       return ((u4)a<<24)+((u4)b<<16)+((u4)c<<8)+(u4)d;
+       u1 a = suck_u1();
+       u1 b = suck_u1();
+       u1 c = suck_u1();
+       u1 d = suck_u1();
+       return ((u4) a << 24) + ((u4) b << 16) + ((u4) c << 8) + (u4) d;
 }
+
 #define suck_s8() (s8) suck_u8()
 #define suck_s2() (s2) suck_u2()
 #define suck_s4() (s4) suck_u4()
@@ -286,10 +313,120 @@ static double suck_double()
 
 void suck_init(char *cpath)
 {
+       char *filename=0;
+       char *start;
+       char *end;
+       int isZip;
+       int filenamelen;
+       union classpath_info *tmp;
+       union classpath_info *insertAfter=0;
+       if (!cpath) return;
        classpath   = cpath;
        classbuffer = NULL;
+       
+       if (classpath_entries) panic("suck_init should be called only once");
+       for(start=classpath;(*start)!='\0';) {
+               for (end=start; ((*end)!='\0') && ((*end)!=':') ; end++);
+               if (start!=end) {
+                       isZip=0;
+                       filenamelen=(end-start);
+                       if  (filenamelen>3) {
+                               if ( 
+                                       (
+                                               (
+                                                       ((*(end-1))=='p') ||
+                                                       ((*(end-1))=='P')
+                                               ) &&
+                                               (
+                                                       ((*(end-2))=='i') ||
+                                                       ((*(end-2))=='I')
+                                               ) &&
+                                               (
+                                                       ((*(end-3))=='z') ||
+                                                       ((*(end-3))=='Z')
+                                               )
+                                       ) ||
+                                       (
+                                               (
+                                                       ((*(end-1))=='r') ||
+                                                       ((*(end-1))=='R')
+                                               ) &&
+                                               (
+                                                       ((*(end-2))=='a') ||
+                                                       ((*(end-2))=='A')
+                                               ) &&
+                                               (
+                                                       ((*(end-3))=='j') ||
+                                                       ((*(end-3))=='J')
+                                               )
+                                       )
+                               ) isZip=1;
+#if 0
+                               if ( 
+                                       (  (  (*(end - 1)) == 'p') || ( (*(end - 1))  == 'P')) &&
+                                    (((*(end - 2)) == 'i') || ( (*(end - 2)) == 'I'))) &&
+                                        (( (*(end - 3)) == 'z') || ((*(end - 3)) == 'Z'))) 
+                               ) {
+                                       isZip=1;
+                               } else  if ( (( (*(end - 1)) == 'r') || ( (*(end - 1))  == 'R')) &&
+                                    ((*(end - 2)) == 'a') || ( (*(end - 2)) == 'A')) &&
+                                        (( (*(end - 3)) == 'j') || ((*(end - 3)) == 'J')) ) {
+                                       isZip=1;
+                               }
+#endif
+                       }
+                       if (filenamelen>=(CLASSPATH_MAXFILENAME-1)) panic("path length >= MAXFILENAME in suck_init"); 
+                       if (!filename)
+                               filename=(char*)malloc(CLASSPATH_MAXFILENAME);
+                       strncpy(filename,start,filenamelen);
+                       filename[filenamelen+1]='\0';
+                       tmp=0;
+
+                       if (isZip) {
+#ifdef USE_ZLIB
+                               unzFile uf=unzOpen(filename);
+                               if (uf) {
+                                       tmp=(union classpath_info*)malloc(sizeof(classpath_info));
+                                       tmp->archive.type=CLASSPATH_ARCHIVE;
+                                       tmp->archive.uf=uf;
+                                       tmp->archive.next=0;
+                                       filename=0;
+                               }
+#else
+                               panic("Zip/JAR not supported");
+#endif
+                               
+                       } else {
+                               tmp=(union classpath_info*)malloc(sizeof(classpath_info));
+                               tmp->filepath.type=CLASSPATH_PATH;
+                               tmp->filepath.next=0;
+                               if (filename[filenamelen-1]!='/') {/*PERHAPS THIS SHOULD BE READ FROM A GLOBAL CONFIGURATION */
+                                       filename[filenamelen]='/';
+                                       filename[filenamelen+1]='\0';
+                                       filenamelen++;
+                               }
+                       
+                               tmp->filepath.filename=filename;
+                               tmp->filepath.pathlen=filenamelen;                              
+                               filename=0;
+                       }
+
+               if (tmp) {
+                       if (insertAfter) {
+                               insertAfter->filepath.next=tmp;
+                       } else {
+                               classpath_entries=tmp;  
+                       }
+                       insertAfter=tmp;
+               }
+       }
+               if ((*end)==':') start=end+1; else start=end;
+       
+       
+       if (filename!=0) free(filename);
 }
 
+}
 
 /************************** function suck_start ********************************
 
@@ -302,109 +439,64 @@ void suck_init(char *cpath)
 
 bool suck_start(utf *classname)
 {
-
-#define MAXFILENAME 1000               /* maximum length of a filename           */
-       
-       char filename[MAXFILENAME+10];  /* room for '.class'                      */    
-       char *pathpos;                  /* position in searchpath                 */
-       char c, *utf_ptr;               /* pointer to the next utf8-character     */
+       classpath_info *currPos;
+       char *utf_ptr;
+       char c;
+       char filename[CLASSPATH_MAXFILENAME+10];  /* room for '.class'                      */  
+       int  filenamelen=0;
        FILE *classfile;
-       int  filenamelen, err;
+       int  err;
        struct stat buffer;
-       int isZip;
-
-       if (classbuffer)                /* classbuffer is already valid */
-               return true;
-
-       pathpos = classpath;
-       
-       while (*pathpos) {
 
-               /* skip path separator */
+       if (classbuffer) return true; /* classbuffer is already valid */
 
-               while (*pathpos == ':')
-                       pathpos++;
-               /* extract directory from searchpath */
-
-               filenamelen = 0;
-               while ((*pathpos) && (*pathpos != ':')) {
-                   PANICIF (filenamelen >= MAXFILENAME, "Filename too long");
-                       filename[filenamelen++] = *(pathpos++);
-                       }
-
-               isZip = 0;
-               if (filenamelen > 4) {
-                       if ( ((filename[filenamelen - 1] == 'p') || (filename[filenamelen - 1] == 'P')) &
-                            ((filename[filenamelen - 2] == 'i') || (filename[filenamelen - 2] == 'I')) &
-                                ((filename[filenamelen - 3] == 'z') || (filename[filenamelen - 3] == 'Z')) ) {
-                               isZip = 1;
-                       }
-               }
-
-               if (isZip) {
+       utf_ptr = classname->text;
+       while (utf_ptr < utf_end(classname)) {
+               PANICIF (filenamelen >= CLASSPATH_MAXFILENAME, "Filename too long");
+               c = *utf_ptr++;
+               if ((c <= ' ' || c > 'z') && (c != '/'))     /* invalid character */
+                       c = '?';
+               filename[filenamelen++] = c;
+       }
+       strcpy(filename + filenamelen, ".class");
+       filenamelen+=6;
+       for (currPos=classpath_entries;currPos!=0;currPos=currPos->filepath.next) {
 #ifdef USE_ZLIB
-                       filename[filenamelen++] = '\0';
-                       if (uf == 0) uf = unzOpen(filename);
-                       if (uf != 0) {
-                               utf_ptr = classname->text;
-                               filenamelen = 0;
-                               while (utf_ptr < utf_end(classname)) {
-                                       PANICIF (filenamelen >= MAXFILENAME, "Filename too long");
-                                       c = *utf_ptr++;
-                                       if ((c <= ' ' || c > 'z') && (c != '/'))     /* invalid character */ 
-                                               c = '?'; 
-                                       filename[filenamelen++] = c;    
-                               }
-                               strcpy(filename + filenamelen, ".class");
-                               if (cacao_locate(uf,classname) == UNZ_OK) {
-                                       unz_file_info file_info;
-                                       log_text("Class found in zip file");
-                                       if (unzGetCurrentFileInfo(uf, &file_info, filename,
-                                                                                                 sizeof(filename), NULL, 0, NULL, 0) == UNZ_OK) {
-                                               if (unzOpenCurrentFile(uf) == UNZ_OK) {
-                                                       classbuffer_size = file_info.uncompressed_size;                         
-                                                       classbuffer      = MNEW(u1, classbuffer_size);
-                                                       classbuf_pos     = classbuffer - 1;
-                                                       /*printf("classfile size: %d\n",file_info.uncompressed_size);*/
-                                                       if (unzReadCurrentFile(uf, classbuffer, classbuffer_size) == classbuffer_size) {
-                                                               unzCloseCurrentFile(uf);
-                                                               return true;
-                                                       } else {
-                                                               MFREE(classbuffer, u1, classbuffer_size);
-                                                               log_text("Error while unzipping");
-                                                       }
-                                               } else log_text("Error while opening file in archive");
-                                       } else log_text("Error while retrieving fileinfo");
-                               }
-                               unzCloseCurrentFile(uf);
-
-                       }
-#endif                 
-               } else {
-                       filename[filenamelen++] = '/';  
-   
-                       /* add classname to filename */
-
-                       utf_ptr = classname->text;
-                       while (utf_ptr < utf_end(classname)) {
-                               PANICIF (filenamelen >= MAXFILENAME, "Filename too long");
-                               c = *utf_ptr++;
-                               if ((c <= ' ' || c > 'z') && (c != '/'))     /* invalid character */ 
-                                       c = '?'; 
-                               filename[filenamelen++] = c;    
+               if (currPos->filepath.type==CLASSPATH_ARCHIVE) {
+                       if (cacao_locate(currPos->archive.uf,classname) == UNZ_OK) {
+                               unz_file_info file_info;
+                               /*log_text("Class found in zip file");*/
+                               if (unzGetCurrentFileInfo(currPos->archive.uf, &file_info, filename,
+                                               sizeof(filename), NULL, 0, NULL, 0) == UNZ_OK) {
+                                       if (unzOpenCurrentFile(currPos->archive.uf) == UNZ_OK) {
+                                               classbuffer_size = file_info.uncompressed_size;                         
+                                               classbuffer      = MNEW(u1, classbuffer_size);
+                                               classbuf_pos     = classbuffer - 1;
+                                               /*printf("classfile size: %d\n",file_info.uncompressed_size);*/
+                                               if (unzReadCurrentFile(currPos->archive.uf, classbuffer, classbuffer_size) == classbuffer_size) {
+                                                       unzCloseCurrentFile(currPos->archive.uf);
+                                                       return true;
+                                               } else {
+                                                       MFREE(classbuffer, u1, classbuffer_size);
+                                                       log_text("Error while unzipping");
+                                               }
+                                       } else log_text("Error while opening file in archive");
+                               } else log_text("Error while retrieving fileinfo");
                        }
-       
-                       /* add suffix */
+                       unzCloseCurrentFile(currPos->archive.uf);
 
-                       strcpy(filename + filenamelen, ".class");
-
-                       classfile = fopen(filename, "r");
+               } else {
+#endif
+                       if ((currPos->filepath.pathlen+filenamelen)>=CLASSPATH_MAXFILENAME) continue;
+                       strcpy(currPos->filepath.filename+currPos->filepath.pathlen,filename);
+                       classfile = fopen(currPos->filepath.filename, "r");
                        if (classfile) {                                       /* file exists */
 
                                /* determine size of classfile */
 
-                               err = stat(filename, &buffer);
+                               /* dolog("File: %s",filename); */
+
+                               err = stat(currPos->filepath.filename, &buffer);
 
                                if (!err) {                                /* read classfile data */                            
                                        classbuffer_size = buffer.st_size;                              
@@ -415,15 +507,18 @@ bool suck_start(utf *classname)
                                        return true;
                                }
                        }
+#ifdef USE_ZLIB
                }
+#endif
        }
+
        if (verbose) {
                dolog("Warning: Can not open class file '%s'", filename);
        }
 
        return false;
-}
 
+}
 
 /************************** function suck_stop *********************************
 
@@ -441,8 +536,10 @@ void suck_stop()
 
        if (classdata_left > 0) {
                /* surplus */           
-               dolog("There are %d access bytes at end of classfile",
+               dolog("There are %d extra bytes at end of classfile",
                                classdata_left);
+               /* The JVM spec disallows extra bytes. */
+               panic("Extra bytes at end of classfile");
        }
 
        /* free memory */
@@ -456,8 +553,6 @@ void suck_stop()
 /******************* Some support functions ***********************************/
 /******************************************************************************/
 
-
-
 void fprintflags (FILE *fp, u2 f)
 {
    if ( f & ACC_PUBLIC )       fprintf (fp," PUBLIC");
@@ -473,8 +568,10 @@ void fprintflags (FILE *fp, u2 f)
    if ( f & ACC_ABSTRACT )     fprintf (fp," ABSTRACT");
 }
 
+
 /********** internal function: printflags  (only for debugging) ***************/
-void printflags (u2 f)
+
+void printflags(u2 f)
 {
    if ( f & ACC_PUBLIC )       printf (" PUBLIC");
    if ( f & ACC_PRIVATE )      printf (" PRIVATE");
@@ -496,12 +593,15 @@ void printflags (u2 f)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void skipattribute ()
+static void skipattribute()
 {
+       u4 len;
        suck_u2 ();
-       skip_nbytes(suck_u4()); 
+       len = suck_u4();
+       skip_nbytes(len);       
 }
 
+
 /********************** Function: skipattributebody ****************************
 
        skips an attribute after the 16 bit reference to attribute_name has already
@@ -509,35 +609,39 @@ static void skipattribute ()
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void skipattributebody ()
+static void skipattributebody()
 {
-       skip_nbytes(suck_u4());
+       u4 len;
+       len = suck_u4();
+       skip_nbytes(len);
 }
 
+
 /************************* Function: skipattributes ****************************
 
        skips num attribute structures
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void skipattributes (u4 num)
+static void skipattributes(u4 num)
 {
        u4 i;
        for (i = 0; i < num; i++)
                skipattribute();
 }
 
+
 /******************** function: innerclass_getconstant ************************
 
     like class_getconstant, but if cptags is ZERO null is returned                                      
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-voidptr innerclass_getconstant (classinfo *c, u4 pos, u4 ctype) 
+voidptr innerclass_getconstant(classinfo *c, u4 pos, u4 ctype) 
 {
        /* invalid position in constantpool */
-       if (pos >= c->cpcount) 
-               panic ("Attempt to access constant outside range");
+       if (pos >= c->cpcount)
+               panic("Attempt to access constant outside range");
 
        /* constantpool entry of type 0 */      
        if (!c->cptags[pos])
@@ -545,39 +649,42 @@ voidptr innerclass_getconstant (classinfo *c, u4 pos, u4 ctype)
 
        /* check type of constantpool entry */
        if (c->cptags[pos] != ctype) {
-               error ("Type mismatch on constant: %d requested, %d here (innerclass_getconstant)",
-                (int) ctype, (int) c->cptags[pos] );
-               }
+               error("Type mismatch on constant: %d requested, %d here (innerclass_getconstant)",
+                         (int) ctype, (int) c->cptags[pos] );
+       }
                
        return c->cpinfos[pos];
 }
 
+
 /************************ function: attribute_load ****************************
 
     read attributes from classfile
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void attribute_load (u4 num, classinfo *c)
+static void attribute_load(u4 num, classinfo *c)
 {
-       u4 i,j;
+       u4 i, j;
 
        for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
-               /* retrieve attribute name */   
-               utf *aname = class_getconstant (c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
+               /* retrieve attribute name */
+               utf *aname = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
 
-               if ( aname == utf_innerclasses)  {                      
+               if (aname == utf_innerclasses) {
                        /* innerclasses attribute */
+
+                       if (c->innerclass != NULL)
+                               panic("Class has more than one InnerClasses attribute");
                                
                        /* skip attribute length */                                             
                        suck_u4(); 
                        /* number of records */
                        c->innerclasscount = suck_u2();
                        /* allocate memory for innerclass structure */
-                       c->innerclass = MNEW (innerclassinfo, c->innerclasscount);
+                       c->innerclass = MNEW(innerclassinfo, c->innerclasscount);
 
-                       for (j=0;j<c->innerclasscount;j++) {
-                               
+                       for (j = 0; j < c->innerclasscount; j++) {
                                /*  The innerclass structure contains a class with an encoded name, 
                                    its defining scope, its simple name  and a bitmask of the access flags. 
                                    If an inner class is not a member, its outer_class is NULL, 
@@ -588,15 +695,20 @@ static void attribute_load (u4 num, classinfo *c)
                                info->inner_class = innerclass_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Class); /* CONSTANT_Class_info index */
                                info->outer_class = innerclass_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Class); /* CONSTANT_Class_info index */
                                info->name  = innerclass_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);        /* CONSTANT_Utf8_info index  */
-                               info->flags = suck_u2 ();                                                 /* access_flags bitmask      */
+                               info->flags = suck_u2();                                                  /* access_flags bitmask      */
                        }
+               } else if (aname==utf_sourcefile) {
+                       suck_u4();
+                       /*log_text("source file attribute found");*/
+                       c->sourcefile = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
                } else {
                        /* unknown attribute */
-                       skipattributebody ();
+                       skipattributebody();
                }
        }
 }
 
+
 /******************* function: checkfielddescriptor ****************************
 
        checks whether a field-descriptor is valid and aborts otherwise
@@ -611,6 +723,8 @@ static void checkfielddescriptor (char *utf_ptr, char *end_pos)
                                                  | CLASSLOAD_NULLPRIMITIVE
                                                  | CLASSLOAD_NOVOID
                                                  | CLASSLOAD_CHECKEND);
+       
+       /* XXX use the following if -noverify */
 #if 0
        char *tstart;  /* pointer to start of classname */
        char ch;
@@ -648,35 +762,50 @@ static void checkfielddescriptor (char *utf_ptr, char *end_pos)
 
     checks whether a method-descriptor is valid and aborts otherwise.
     All referenced classes are inserted into the list of unloaded classes.
+
+    The number of arguments is returned. A long or double argument is counted
+    as two arguments.
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void checkmethoddescriptor (utf *d)
+static int checkmethoddescriptor (utf *d)
 {
        char *utf_ptr = d->text;     /* current position in utf text   */
        char *end_pos = utf_end(d);  /* points behind utf string       */
+       int argcount = 0;            /* number of arguments            */
 
        /* method descriptor must start with parenthesis */
        if (utf_ptr == end_pos || *utf_ptr++ != '(') panic ("Missing '(' in method descriptor");
 
     /* check arguments */
     while (utf_ptr != end_pos && *utf_ptr != ')') {
+               /* We cannot count the this argument here because
+                * we don't know if the method is static. */
+               if (*utf_ptr == 'J' || *utf_ptr == 'D')
+                       argcount+=2;
+               else
+                       argcount++;
                class_from_descriptor(utf_ptr,end_pos,&utf_ptr,
                                                          CLASSLOAD_NEW
                                                          | CLASSLOAD_NULLPRIMITIVE
                                                          | CLASSLOAD_NOVOID);
        }
 
-       if (utf_ptr == end_pos) panic("Missing return type in method descriptor");
+       if (utf_ptr == end_pos) panic("Missing ')' in method descriptor");
     utf_ptr++; /* skip ')' */
 
        class_from_descriptor(utf_ptr,end_pos,NULL,
                                                  CLASSLOAD_NEW
                                                  | CLASSLOAD_NULLPRIMITIVE
                                                  | CLASSLOAD_CHECKEND);
-       
+
+       if (argcount > 255)
+               panic("Invalid method descriptor: too many arguments");
+
+       return argcount;
+
+       /* XXX use the following if -noverify */
 #if 0
-       /* XXX check length */
        /* check arguments */
        while ((c = *utf_ptr++) != ')') {
                start = utf_ptr-1;
@@ -715,43 +844,44 @@ static void checkmethoddescriptor (utf *d)
 #endif
 }
 
+
 /***************** Function: print_arraydescriptor ****************************
 
        Debugging helper for displaying an arraydescriptor
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-void
-print_arraydescriptor(FILE *file,arraydescriptor *desc)
+void print_arraydescriptor(FILE *file, arraydescriptor *desc)
 {
        if (!desc) {
-               fprintf(file,"<NULL>");
+               fprintf(file, "<NULL>");
                return;
        }
 
-       fprintf(file,"{");
+       fprintf(file, "{");
        if (desc->componentvftbl) {
                if (desc->componentvftbl->class)
-                       utf_fprint(file,desc->componentvftbl->class->name);
+                       utf_fprint(file, desc->componentvftbl->class->name);
                else
-                       fprintf(file,"<no classinfo>");
+                       fprintf(file, "<no classinfo>");
        }
        else
-               fprintf(file,"0");
+               fprintf(file, "0");
                
-       fprintf(file,",");
+       fprintf(file, ",");
        if (desc->elementvftbl) {
                if (desc->elementvftbl->class)
-                       utf_fprint(file,desc->elementvftbl->class->name);
+                       utf_fprint(file, desc->elementvftbl->class->name);
                else
-                       fprintf(file,"<no classinfo>");
+                       fprintf(file, "<no classinfo>");
        }
        else
-               fprintf(file,"0");
-       fprintf(file,",%d,%d,%d,%d}",desc->arraytype,desc->dimension,
-                       desc->dataoffset,desc->componentsize);
+               fprintf(file, "0");
+       fprintf(file, ",%d,%d,%d,%d}", desc->arraytype, desc->dimension,
+                       desc->dataoffset, desc->componentsize);
 }
 
+
 /******************************************************************************/
 /**************************  Functions for fields  ****************************/
 /******************************************************************************/
@@ -765,100 +895,125 @@ print_arraydescriptor(FILE *file,arraydescriptor *desc)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void field_load (fieldinfo *f, classinfo *c)
+#define field_load_NOVALUE  0xffffffff /* must be bigger than any u2 value! */
+
+static void field_load(fieldinfo *f, classinfo *c)
 {
        u4 attrnum,i;
        u4 jtype;
+       u4 pindex = field_load_NOVALUE;                               /* constantvalue_index */
+
+       f->flags = suck_u2();                                           /* ACC flags         */
+       f->name = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);       /* name of field     */
+       f->descriptor = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8); /* JavaVM descriptor */
+       
+       if (opt_verify) {
+               /* check name */
+               if (!is_valid_name_utf(f->name) || f->name->text[0] == '<')
+                       panic("Field with invalid name");
+               
+               /* check flag consistency */
+               i = (f->flags & (ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_PROTECTED));
+               if (i != 0 && i != ACC_PUBLIC && i != ACC_PRIVATE && i != ACC_PROTECTED)
+                       panic("Field has invalid access flags");
+               if ((f->flags & (ACC_FINAL | ACC_VOLATILE)) == (ACC_FINAL | ACC_VOLATILE))
+                       panic("Field is declared final and volatile");
+               if ((c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) != 0) {
+                       if ((f->flags & (ACC_STATIC | ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_FINAL))
+                               != (ACC_STATIC | ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_FINAL))
+                               panic("Interface field is not declared static final public");
+                       if ((f->flags & ACC_TRANSIENT) != 0)
+                               panic("Interface field declared transient");
+               }
 
-       f -> flags = suck_u2 ();                                           /* ACC flags                   */
-       f -> name = class_getconstant (c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);       /* name of field               */
-       f -> descriptor = class_getconstant (c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8); /* JavaVM descriptor           */
-       f -> type = jtype = desc_to_type (f->descriptor);                  /* data type                   */
-       f -> offset = 0;                                                   /* offset from start of object */
+               /* check descriptor */
+               checkfielddescriptor(f->descriptor->text,utf_end(f->descriptor));
+       }
+               
+       f->type = jtype = desc_to_type(f->descriptor);                      /* data type         */
+       f->offset = 0;                                                            /* offset from start of object */
+       f->class = c;
        f->xta = NULL;
        
        switch (f->type) {
        case TYPE_INT:        f->value.i = 0; break;
        case TYPE_FLOAT:      f->value.f = 0.0; break;
        case TYPE_DOUBLE:     f->value.d = 0.0; break;
-       case TYPE_ADDRESS:    f->value.a = NULL;                              
-                             heap_addreference (&(f->value.a));           /* make global reference (GC)  */    
-                             break;
+       case TYPE_ADDRESS:    f->value.a = NULL; break;
        case TYPE_LONG:
 #if U8_AVAILABLE
                f->value.l = 0; break;
 #else
                f->value.l.low = 0; f->value.l.high = 0; break;
-#endif 
+#endif
        }
 
        /* read attributes */
        attrnum = suck_u2();
-       for (i=0; i<attrnum; i++) {
-               u4 pindex;
+       for (i = 0; i < attrnum; i++) {
                utf *aname;
 
-               aname = class_getconstant (c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
+               aname = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
                
-               if ( aname != utf_constantvalue ) {
+               if (aname != utf_constantvalue) {
                        /* unknown attribute */
-                       skipattributebody ();
-                       }
-               else {
+                       skipattributebody();
+
+               else {
                        /* constant value attribute */
+
+                       if (pindex != field_load_NOVALUE)
+                               panic("Field has more than one ConstantValue attribute");
+                       
+                       /* check attribute length */
+                       if (suck_u4() != 2)
+                               panic("ConstantValue attribute has invalid length");
                        
-                       /* skip attribute length */
-                       suck_u4();
                        /* index of value in constantpool */            
                        pindex = suck_u2();
                
                        /* initialize field with value from constantpool */             
                        switch (jtype) {
-                               case TYPE_INT: {
-                                       constant_integer *ci = 
-                                               class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Integer);
-                                       f->value.i = ci -> value;
-                                       }
-                                       break;
+                       case TYPE_INT: {
+                               constant_integer *ci = 
+                                       class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Integer);
+                               f->value.i = ci->value;
+                       }
+                       break;
                                        
-                               case TYPE_LONG: {
-                                       constant_long *cl = 
-                                          class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Long);
-       
-                                       f->value.l = cl -> value;
-                                       }
-                                       break;
+                       case TYPE_LONG: {
+                               constant_long *cl = 
+                                       class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Long);
+                               f->value.l = cl->value;
+                       }
+                       break;
 
-                               case TYPE_FLOAT: {
-                                       constant_float *cf = 
-                                           class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Float);
-       
-                                       f->value.f = cf->value;
-                                       }
-                                       break;
+                       case TYPE_FLOAT: {
+                               constant_float *cf = 
+                                       class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Float);
+                               f->value.f = cf->value;
+                       }
+                       break;
                                                                                        
-                               case TYPE_DOUBLE: {
-                                       constant_double *cd = 
-                                           class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Double);
-       
-                                       f->value.d = cd->value;
-                                       }
-                                       break;
+                       case TYPE_DOUBLE: {
+                               constant_double *cd = 
+                                       class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_Double);
+                               f->value.d = cd->value;
+                       }
+                       break;
                                                
-                               case TYPE_ADDRESS: { 
-                                       utf *u = class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_String);
-                                       /* create javastring from compressed utf8-string */                                     
-                                       f->value.a = literalstring_new(u);
-                                       }
-                                       break;
+                       case TYPE_ADDRESS: { 
+                               utf *u = class_getconstant(c, pindex, CONSTANT_String);
+                               /* create javastring from compressed utf8-string */                                     
+                               f->value.a = literalstring_new(u);
+                       }
+                       break;
        
-                               default: 
-                                       log_text ("Invalid Constant - Type");
-
-                               }
-
+                       default: 
+                               log_text ("Invalid Constant - Type");
                        }
                }
+       }
 }
 
 
@@ -872,15 +1027,15 @@ static void field_free (fieldinfo *f)
 
 /**************** Function: field_display (debugging only) ********************/
 
-void field_display (fieldinfo *f)
+void field_display(fieldinfo *f)
 {
-       printf ("   ");
-       printflags (f -> flags);
-       printf (" ");
-       utf_display (f -> name);
-       printf (" ");
-       utf_display (f -> descriptor);  
-       printf (" offset: %ld\n", (long int) (f -> offset) );
+       printf("   ");
+       printflags(f->flags);
+       printf(" ");
+       utf_display(f->name);
+       printf(" ");
+       utf_display(f->descriptor);     
+       printf(" offset: %ld\n", (long int) (f->offset));
 }
 
 
@@ -898,124 +1053,235 @@ void field_display (fieldinfo *f)
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void method_load (methodinfo *m, classinfo *c)
+static void method_load(methodinfo *m, classinfo *c)
 {
-       u4 attrnum,i,e;
+       u4 attrnum, i, e;
+       int argcount;
        
 #ifdef STATISTICS
        count_all_methods++;
 #endif
-
-       m -> class = c;
+       m->thrownexceptionscount=0;
+       m->linenumbercount=0;
+       m->linenumbers=0;
+       m->class = c;
        
-       m -> flags = suck_u2 ();
-       m -> name =  class_getconstant (c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
-       m -> descriptor = class_getconstant (c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
-       checkmethoddescriptor(m->descriptor);
+       m->flags = suck_u2();
+       m->name = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
+
+       if (opt_verify) {
+               if (!is_valid_name_utf(m->name))
+                       panic("Method with invalid name");
+               if (m->name->text[0] == '<'
+                       && m->name != utf_init && m->name != utf_clinit)
+                       panic("Method with invalid special name");
+       }
        
-       m -> jcode = NULL;
-       m -> exceptiontable = NULL;
-       m -> entrypoint = NULL;
-       m -> mcode = NULL;
-       m -> stubroutine = NULL;
-        m -> methodUsed = NOTUSED;    
-        m -> monoPoly = MONO;    
-       m -> subRedefs = 0;
-       m -> subRedefsUsed = 0;
+       m->descriptor = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
+       argcount = checkmethoddescriptor(m->descriptor);
+       if ((m->flags & ACC_STATIC) == 0)
+               argcount++; /* count the 'this' argument */
+
+       if (opt_verify) {
+               if (argcount > 255)
+                       panic("Method has more than 255 arguments");
+
+               /* check flag consistency */
+               if (m->name != utf_clinit) {
+                       i = (m->flags & (ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_PROTECTED));
+                       if (i != 0 && i != ACC_PUBLIC && i != ACC_PRIVATE && i != ACC_PROTECTED)
+                               panic("Method has invalid access flags");
+                       if ((m->flags & ACC_ABSTRACT) != 0) {
+                               if ((m->flags & (ACC_FINAL | ACC_NATIVE | ACC_PRIVATE | ACC_STATIC
+                                                                | ACC_STRICT | ACC_SYNCHRONIZED)) != 0)
+                                       panic("Abstract method has invalid flags set");
+                       }
+                       if ((c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) != 0) {
+                               if ((m->flags & (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_PUBLIC))
+                                       != (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_PUBLIC))
+                                       panic("Interface method is not declared abstract and public");
+                       }
+                       if (m->name == utf_init) {
+                               if ((m->flags & (ACC_STATIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_SYNCHRONIZED
+                                                                | ACC_NATIVE | ACC_ABSTRACT)) != 0)
+                                       panic("Instance initialization method has invalid flags set");
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+               
+       m->jcode = NULL;
+       m->exceptiontable = NULL;
+       m->entrypoint = NULL;
+       m->mcode = NULL;
+       m->stubroutine = NULL;
+       m->methodUsed = NOTUSED;    
+       m->monoPoly = MONO;    
+       m->subRedefs = 0;
+       m->subRedefsUsed = 0;
 
        m->xta = NULL;
        
-       if (! (m->flags & ACC_NATIVE) ) {
-               m -> stubroutine = createcompilerstub (m);
-               }
-       else {
+       if (!(m->flags & ACC_NATIVE)) {
+               m->stubroutine = createcompilerstub(m);
 
-               functionptr f = native_findfunction 
-                      (c->name, m->name, m->descriptor, (m->flags & ACC_STATIC) != 0);
+       } else {
+               functionptr f = native_findfunction(c->name, m->name, m->descriptor, 
+                                                                                       (m->flags & ACC_STATIC) != 0);
                if (f) {
-                       m -> stubroutine = createnativestub (f, m);
-                       }
+                       m->stubroutine = createnativestub(f, m);
                }
+       }
        
        
        attrnum = suck_u2();
-       for (i=0; i<attrnum; i++) {
+       for (i = 0; i < attrnum; i++) {
                utf *aname;
 
-               aname = class_getconstant (c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
-
-               if ( aname != utf_code)  {
-                       skipattributebody ();
+               aname = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
+
+               if (aname != utf_code) {
+                       if (aname == utf_exceptions) {
+                               u2 exceptionCount;
+                               u2 exceptionID;
+                               suck_u4(); /*length*/
+                               exceptionCount=suck_u2();
+                               m->thrownexceptionscount=exceptionCount;
+                               m->thrownexceptions=MNEW(classinfo*,exceptionCount);
+                               for (exceptionID=0;exceptionID<exceptionCount;exceptionID++) {
+                                       (m->thrownexceptions)[exceptionID]=class_getconstant(c,suck_u2(),CONSTANT_Class);
+                               }
                        }
-               else {
-                       if (m -> jcode) panic ("Two code-attributes for one method!");
+                       else
+                       skipattributebody();
+
+               } else {
+                       u4 codelen;
+                       if ((m->flags & (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_NATIVE)) != 0)
+                               panic("Code attribute for native or abstract method");
                        
+                       if (m->jcode)
+                               panic("Method has more than one Code attribute");
+
                        suck_u4();
-                       m -> maxstack = suck_u2();
-                       m -> maxlocals = suck_u2();
-                       m -> jcodelength = suck_u4();
-                       m -> jcode = MNEW (u1, m->jcodelength);
-                       suck_nbytes (m->jcode, m->jcodelength);
-                       m -> exceptiontablelength = suck_u2 ();
-                       m -> exceptiontable = 
-                          MNEW (exceptiontable, m->exceptiontablelength);
+                       m->maxstack = suck_u2();
+                       m->maxlocals = suck_u2();
+                       if (m->maxlocals < argcount)
+                               panic("max_locals is smaller than the number of arguments");
+                       
+                       codelen = suck_u4();
+                       if (codelen == 0)
+                               panic("bytecode has zero length");
+                       if (codelen > 65536)
+                               panic("bytecode too long");
+                       m->jcodelength = codelen;
+                       m->jcode = MNEW(u1, m->jcodelength);
+                       suck_nbytes(m->jcode, m->jcodelength);
+                       m->exceptiontablelength = suck_u2();
+                       m->exceptiontable = 
+                               MNEW(exceptiontable, m->exceptiontablelength);
 
 #ifdef STATISTICS
-       count_vmcode_len += m->jcodelength + 18;
-       count_extable_len += 8 * m->exceptiontablelength;
+                       count_vmcode_len += m->jcodelength + 18;
+                       count_extable_len += 8 * m->exceptiontablelength;
 #endif
 
-                       for (e=0; e < m->exceptiontablelength; e++) {
+                       for (e = 0; e < m->exceptiontablelength; e++) {
                                u4 idx;
-                               m -> exceptiontable[e].startpc = suck_u2();
-                               m -> exceptiontable[e].endpc = suck_u2();
-                               m -> exceptiontable[e].handlerpc = suck_u2();
+                               m->exceptiontable[e].startpc = suck_u2();
+                               m->exceptiontable[e].endpc = suck_u2();
+                               m->exceptiontable[e].handlerpc = suck_u2();
 
                                idx = suck_u2();
-                               if (!idx) m -> exceptiontable[e].catchtype = NULL;
-                               else {
-                                       m -> exceptiontable[e].catchtype = 
-                                     class_getconstant (c, idx, CONSTANT_Class);
-                                       }
-                               }                       
+                               if (!idx) {
+                                       m->exceptiontable[e].catchtype = NULL;
 
-                       skipattributes ( suck_u2() );
+                               } else {
+                                       m->exceptiontable[e].catchtype = 
+                                     class_getconstant(c, idx, CONSTANT_Class);
+                               }
+                       }                       
+                       {
+                               u2 codeattrnum;
+                               for (codeattrnum=suck_u2();codeattrnum>0;codeattrnum--) {
+                                       utf * caname = class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Utf8);
+                                       if (caname==utf_linenumbertable) {
+                                               u2 lncid;
+                                               /*log_text("LineNumberTable found");*/
+                                               suck_u4();
+                                               m->linenumbercount=suck_u2();
+                                               /*printf("length:%d\n",m->linenumbercount);*/
+                                               m->linenumbers=MNEW(lineinfo,m->linenumbercount);
+                                               for (lncid=0;lncid<m->linenumbercount;lncid++) {
+                                                       m->linenumbers[lncid].start_pc=suck_u2();
+                                                       m->linenumbers[lncid].line_number=suck_u2();
+                                               }
+                                               codeattrnum--;
+                                               skipattributes(codeattrnum);
+                                               break;
+                                       } else skipattributebody();
+                                       
+                               }                               
                        }
-                       
                }
+       }
 
+       if (!m->jcode && (m->flags & (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_NATIVE)) == 0)
+               panic("Method missing Code attribute");
 }
 
+
 /********************* Function: method_free ***********************************
 
        frees all memory that was allocated for this method
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void method_free (methodinfo *m)
+static void method_free(methodinfo *m)
 {
-       if (m->jcode) MFREE (m->jcode, u1, m->jcodelength);
-       if (m->exceptiontable) 
-               MFREE (m->exceptiontable, exceptiontable, m->exceptiontablelength);
-       if (m->mcode) CFREE (m->mcode, m->mcodelength);
+       if (m->jcode)
+               MFREE(m->jcode, u1, m->jcodelength);
+
+       if (m->exceptiontable)
+               MFREE(m->exceptiontable, exceptiontable, m->exceptiontablelength);
+
+       if (m->mcode)
+               CFREE(m->mcode, m->mcodelength);
+
        if (m->stubroutine) {
-               if (m->flags & ACC_NATIVE) removenativestub (m->stubroutine);
-               else                       removecompilerstub (m->stubroutine);
+               if (m->flags & ACC_NATIVE) {
+                       removenativestub(m->stubroutine);
+
+               } else {
+                       removecompilerstub(m->stubroutine);
                }
+       }
 }
 
 
 /************** Function: method_display  (debugging only) **************/
 
-void method_display (methodinfo *m)
+void method_display(methodinfo *m)
+{
+       printf("   ");
+       printflags(m->flags);
+       printf(" ");
+       utf_display(m->name);
+       printf(" "); 
+       utf_display(m->descriptor);
+       printf("\n");
+}
+
+/************** Function: method_display_flags_last  (debugging only) **************/
+
+void method_display_flags_last(methodinfo *m)
 {
-       printf ("   ");
-       printflags (m -> flags);
-       printf (" ");
-       utf_display (m -> name);
-       printf (" "); 
-       utf_display (m -> descriptor);
-       printf ("\n");
+        printf(" ");
+        utf_display(m->name);
+        printf(" ");
+        utf_display(m->descriptor);
+        printf("   ");
+        printflags(m->flags);
+        printf("\n");
 }
 
 
@@ -1026,7 +1292,7 @@ void method_display (methodinfo *m)
        
 *******************************************************************************/  
 
-static bool method_canoverwrite (methodinfo *m, methodinfo *old)
+static bool method_canoverwrite(methodinfo *m, methodinfo *old)
 {
        if (m->name != old->name) return false;
        if (m->descriptor != old->descriptor) return false;
@@ -1049,19 +1315,20 @@ static bool method_canoverwrite (methodinfo *m, methodinfo *old)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-voidptr class_getconstant (classinfo *c, u4 pos, u4 ctype) 
+voidptr class_getconstant(classinfo *c, u4 pos, u4 ctype)
 {
-       /* invalid position in constantpool */  
-       if (pos >= c->cpcount) 
-               panic ("Attempt to access constant outside range");
+       /* invalid position in constantpool */
+       /* (pos == 0 is caught by type comparison) */
+       if (pos >= c->cpcount)
+               panic("Attempt to access constant outside range");
 
        /* check type of constantpool entry */
 
        if (c->cptags[pos] != ctype) {
                class_showconstantpool(c);
-               error ("Type mismatch on constant: %d requested, %d here (class_getconstant)",
-                (int) ctype, (int) c->cptags[pos] );
-               }
+               error("Type mismatch on constant: %d requested, %d here (class_getconstant)",
+                         (int) ctype, (int) c->cptags[pos]);
+       }
                
        return c->cpinfos[pos];
 }
@@ -1073,10 +1340,11 @@ voidptr class_getconstant (classinfo *c, u4 pos, u4 ctype)
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-u4 class_constanttype (classinfo *c, u4 pos)
+u4 class_constanttype(classinfo *c, u4 pos)
 {
-       if (pos >= c->cpcount) 
-               panic ("Attempt to access constant outside range");
+       if (pos >= c->cpcount)
+               panic("Attempt to access constant outside range");
+
        return c->cptags[pos];
 }
 
@@ -1090,7 +1358,7 @@ u4 class_constanttype (classinfo *c, u4 pos)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void class_loadcpool (classinfo *c)
+static void class_loadcpool(classinfo *c)
 {
 
        /* The following structures are used to save information which cannot be 
@@ -1138,33 +1406,37 @@ static void class_loadcpool (classinfo *c)
        forward_nameandtype *forward_nameandtypes = NULL;
        forward_fieldmethint *forward_fieldmethints = NULL;
 
-       /* number of entries in the constant_pool table  */
-       u4 cpcount       = c -> cpcount = suck_u2();
+       /* number of entries in the constant_pool table plus one */
+       u4 cpcount       = c->cpcount = suck_u2();
+
        /* allocate memory */
-       u1 *cptags       = c -> cptags  = MNEW (u1, cpcount);
-       voidptr *cpinfos = c -> cpinfos = MNEW (voidptr, cpcount);
+       u1 *cptags       = c->cptags  = MNEW(u1, cpcount);
+       voidptr *cpinfos = c->cpinfos = MNEW(voidptr, cpcount);
 
+       if (!cpcount)
+               panic("Invalid constant_pool_count (0)");
+       
 #ifdef STATISTICS
        count_const_pool_len += (sizeof(voidptr) + 1) * cpcount;
 #endif
        
        /* initialize constantpool */
-       for (idx=0; idx<cpcount; idx++) {
+       for (idx = 0; idx < cpcount; idx++) {
                cptags[idx] = CONSTANT_UNUSED;
                cpinfos[idx] = NULL;
-               }
+       }
 
                        
-               /******* first pass *******/
-               /* entries which cannot be resolved now are written into 
-                  temporary structures and traversed again later        */
+       /******* first pass *******/
+       /* entries which cannot be resolved now are written into 
+          temporary structures and traversed again later        */
                   
        idx = 1;
        while (idx < cpcount) {
                /* get constant type */
-               u4 t = suck_u1 (); 
-               switch ( t ) {
+               u4 t = suck_u1();
 
+               switch (t) {
                        case CONSTANT_Class: { 
                                forward_class *nfc = DNEW(forward_class);
 
@@ -1200,14 +1472,14 @@ static void class_loadcpool (classinfo *c)
                                }
                                
                        case CONSTANT_String: {
-                               forward_string *nfs = DNEW (forward_string);
+                               forward_string *nfs = DNEW(forward_string);
                                
-                               nfs -> next = forward_strings;
+                               nfs->next = forward_strings;
                                forward_strings = nfs;
                                
-                               nfs -> thisindex = idx;
+                               nfs->thisindex = idx;
                                /* reference to CONSTANT_Utf8_info with string characters */
-                               nfs -> string_index = suck_u2 ();
+                               nfs->string_index = suck_u2();
                                
                                idx ++;
                                break;
@@ -1269,6 +1541,8 @@ static void class_loadcpool (classinfo *c)
                                cptags [idx] = CONSTANT_Long;
                                cpinfos [idx] = cl;
                                idx += 2;
+                               if (idx > cpcount)
+                                       panic("Long constant exceeds constant pool");
                                break;
                                }
                        
@@ -1283,6 +1557,8 @@ static void class_loadcpool (classinfo *c)
                                cptags [idx] = CONSTANT_Double;
                                cpinfos [idx] = cd;
                                idx += 2;
+                               if (idx > cpcount)
+                                       panic("Double constant exceeds constant pool");
                                break;
                                }
                                
@@ -1291,6 +1567,14 @@ static void class_loadcpool (classinfo *c)
                                /* number of bytes in the bytes array (not string-length) */
                                u4 length = suck_u2();
                                cptags [idx]  = CONSTANT_Utf8;
+                               /* validate the string */
+                               ASSERT_LEFT(length);
+                               if (opt_verify &&
+                                       !is_valid_utf(classbuf_pos+1, classbuf_pos+1+length))
+                               {
+                                       dolog("Invalid UTF-8 string (constant pool index %d)",idx);
+                                       panic("Invalid UTF-8 string");
+                               }
                                /* insert utf-string into the utf-symboltable */
                                cpinfos [idx] = utf_new(classbuf_pos+1, length);
                                /* skip bytes of the string */
@@ -1314,6 +1598,9 @@ static void class_loadcpool (classinfo *c)
                utf *name =
                  class_getconstant (c, forward_classes -> name_index, CONSTANT_Utf8);
 
+               if (opt_verify && !is_valid_name_utf(name))
+                       panic("Class reference with invalid name");
+
                cptags  [forward_classes -> thisindex] = CONSTANT_Class;
                /* retrieve class from class-table */
                cpinfos [forward_classes -> thisindex] = class_new (name);
@@ -1349,7 +1636,16 @@ static void class_loadcpool (classinfo *c)
                   (c, forward_nameandtypes -> name_index, CONSTANT_Utf8);
                cn -> descriptor = class_getconstant
                   (c, forward_nameandtypes -> sig_index, CONSTANT_Utf8);
-                
+
+               if (opt_verify) {
+                       /* check name */
+                       if (!is_valid_name_utf(cn->name))
+                               panic("NameAndType with invalid name");
+                       /* disallow referencing <clinit> among others */
+                       if (cn->name->text[0] == '<' && cn->name != utf_init)
+                               panic("NameAndType with invalid special name");
+               }
+
                cptags   [forward_nameandtypes -> thisindex] = CONSTANT_NameAndType;
                cpinfos  [forward_nameandtypes -> thisindex] = cn;
                
@@ -1405,9 +1701,9 @@ static void class_loadcpool (classinfo *c)
 
                }
 
-/*     class_showconstantpool(c); */
+/*     class_showconstantpool(c); */
 
-       dump_release (dumpsize);
+       dump_release(dumpsize);
 }
 
 
@@ -1437,92 +1733,225 @@ static int class_load(classinfo *c)
        if (loadverbose) {              
                char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
                sprintf(logtext, "Loading class: ");
-               utf_sprint(logtext+strlen(logtext), c->name);
-               dolog(logtext);
+               utf_sprint(logtext + strlen(logtext), c->name);
+               log_text(logtext);
        }
        
        /* load classdata, throw exception on error */
 
        if (!suck_start(c->name)) {
-               throw_classnotfoundexception2(c->name);
+               throw_noclassdeffounderror_message(c->name);
                return false;
        }
        
-       /* check signature */           
-       if (suck_u4() != MAGIC) panic("Can not find class-file signature");     
+       /* check signature */
+       if (suck_u4() != MAGIC)
+               panic("Can not find class-file signature");
+
        /* check version */
-       mi = suck_u2(); 
+       mi = suck_u2();
        ma = suck_u2();
+#if 0
        if (ma != MAJOR_VERSION && (ma != MAJOR_VERSION+1 || mi != 0)) {
-               error ("File version %d.%d is not supported",
-                                (int) ma, (int) mi);
-               }
+               error("File version %d.%d is not supported", (int) ma, (int) mi);
+       }
+#endif
 
-       class_loadcpool (c);
+       class_loadcpool(c);
        /*JOWENN*/
-       c->erroneous_state=0;
-       c->initializing_thread=0;       
+       c->erroneous_state = 0;
+       c->initializing_thread = 0;     
        /*JOWENN*/
-        c -> classUsed = NOTUSED; /* not used initially CO-RT */
-       c -> impldBy = NULL;
+       c->classUsed = NOTUSED; /* not used initially CO-RT */
+       c->impldBy = NULL;
 
        /* ACC flags */
-       c -> flags = suck_u2 (); 
+       c->flags = suck_u2(); 
        /*if (!(c->flags & ACC_PUBLIC)) { log_text("CLASS NOT PUBLIC"); } JOWENN*/
 
+       /* check ACC flags consistency */
+       if ((c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) != 0) {
+               if ((c->flags & ACC_ABSTRACT) == 0) {
+                       /* We work around this because interfaces in JDK 1.1 are
+                        * not declared abstract. */
+
+                       c->flags |= ACC_ABSTRACT;
+                       /* panic("Interface class not declared abstract"); */
+               }
+               if ((c->flags & (ACC_FINAL)) != 0)
+                       panic("Interface class has invalid flags");
+               if ((c->flags & (ACC_SUPER)) != 0)
+                       c->flags &= ~ACC_SUPER; /* kjc seems to set this on interfaces */
+       }
+       if ((c->flags & (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_FINAL)) == (ACC_ABSTRACT | ACC_FINAL))
+               panic("Class is declared both abstract and final");
+
        /* this class */
-       suck_u2 ();       
+       i = suck_u2();
+       if (class_getconstant(c, i, CONSTANT_Class) != c) {
+/*             char message[MAXLOGTEXT]; */
+/*             utf_sprint(message, c->name); */
+/*             sprintf(message + strlen(message), " (wrong name: "); */
+/*             utf_sprint(message + strlen(message), class_getconstant(c, i, CONSTANT_Class)); */
+/*             sprintf(message + strlen(message), ")"); */
+
+/*             *exceptionptr = new_exception_message("java/lang/NoClassDefFoundError", */
+/*                                                                                       message); */
+/*             return false; */
+               panic("Invalid this_class in class file");
+       }
        
        /* retrieve superclass */
-       if ( (i = suck_u2 () ) ) {
-               c -> super = class_getconstant (c, i, CONSTANT_Class);
-               }
-       else {
-               c -> super = NULL;
+       if ((i = suck_u2())) {
+               c->super = class_getconstant(c, i, CONSTANT_Class);
+
+               /* java.lang.Object may not have a super class. */
+               if (c->name == utf_java_lang_Object)
+                       panic("java.lang.Object with super class");
+
+               /* Interfaces must have j.l.O as super class. */
+               if ((c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) != 0
+                       && c->super->name != utf_java_lang_Object)
+               {
+                       panic("Interface with super class other than java.lang.Object");
                }
+       } else {
+               c->super = NULL;
+
+               /* This is only allowed for java.lang.Object. */
+               if (c->name != utf_java_lang_Object)
+                       panic("Class (not java.lang.Object) without super class");
+       }
                         
        /* retrieve interfaces */
-       c -> interfacescount = suck_u2 ();
-       c -> interfaces = MNEW (classinfo*, c -> interfacescount);
-       for (i=0; i < c -> interfacescount; i++) {
-               c -> interfaces [i] = 
-                     class_getconstant (c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Class);
-               }
+       c->interfacescount = suck_u2();
+       c->interfaces = MNEW(classinfo*, c->interfacescount);
+       for (i = 0; i < c->interfacescount; i++) {
+               c->interfaces[i] =
+                       class_getconstant(c, suck_u2(), CONSTANT_Class);
+       }
 
        /* load fields */
-       c -> fieldscount = suck_u2 ();
+       c->fieldscount = suck_u2();
 /*     utf_display(c->name);
        printf(" ,Fieldscount: %d\n",c->fieldscount);*/
 
-       c -> fields = GCNEW (fieldinfo, c -> fieldscount);
-       for (i=0; i < c -> fieldscount; i++) {
-               field_load (&(c->fields[i]), c);
-               }
+       c->fields = GCNEW(fieldinfo, c->fieldscount);
+       for (i = 0; i < c->fieldscount; i++) {
+               field_load(&(c->fields[i]), c);
+       }
 
        /* load methods */
-       c -> methodscount = suck_u2 ();
-       c -> methods = MNEW (methodinfo, c -> methodscount);
-       for (i=0; i < c -> methodscount; i++) {
-               method_load (&(c -> methods [i]), c);
+       c->methodscount = suck_u2();
+       c->methods = MNEW(methodinfo, c->methodscount);
+       for (i = 0; i < c->methodscount; i++) {
+               method_load(&(c->methods[i]), c);
+       }
+
+       /* Check if all fields and methods can be uniquely
+        * identified by (name,descriptor). */
+       if (opt_verify) {
+               /* We use a hash table here to avoid making the
+                * average case quadratic in # of methods, fields.
+                */
+               static int shift = 0;
+               u2 *hashtab;
+               u2 *next; /* for chaining colliding hash entries */
+               size_t len;
+               size_t hashlen;
+               u2 index;
+               u2 old;
+
+               /* Allocate hashtable */
+               len = c->methodscount;
+               if (len < c->fieldscount) len = c->fieldscount;
+               hashlen = 5 * len;
+               hashtab = MNEW(u2,(hashlen + len));
+               next = hashtab + hashlen;
+
+               /* Determine bitshift (to get good hash values) */
+               if (!shift) {
+                       len = sizeof(utf);
+                       while (len) {
+                               len >>= 1;
+                               shift++;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* Check fields */
+               memset(hashtab, 0, sizeof(u2) * (hashlen + len));
+               for (i = 0; i < c->fieldscount; ++i) {
+                       fieldinfo *fi = c->fields + i;
+                       /* It's ok if we lose bits here */
+                       index = ((((size_t)fi->name) + ((size_t)fi->descriptor)) >> shift)
+                                 % hashlen;
+                       if ((old = hashtab[index]) != 0) {
+                               old--;
+                               /* dolog("HASHHIT %d --> %d",index,old); */
+                               next[i] = old;
+                               do {
+                                       /* dolog("HASHCHECK %d",old); */
+                                       if (c->fields[old].name == fi->name
+                                               && c->fields[old].descriptor == fi->descriptor)
+                                       {
+                                               dolog("Duplicate field (%d,%d):",i,old);
+                                               log_utf(fi->name); log_utf(fi->descriptor);
+                                               panic("Fields with same name and descriptor");
+                                       }
+                               } while ((old = next[old]) != 0);
+                       }
+                       /* else dolog("HASHLUCKY"); */
+                       hashtab[index] = i+1;
+               }
+               
+               /* Check methods */
+               memset(hashtab,0,sizeof(u2) * (hashlen + len));
+               for (i = 0; i < c->methodscount; ++i) {
+                       methodinfo *mi = c->methods + i;
+                       /* It's ok if we lose bits here */
+                       index = ((((size_t)mi->name) + ((size_t)mi->descriptor)) >> shift)
+                                 % hashlen;
+                       if ((old = hashtab[index]) != 0) {
+                               old--;
+                               /* dolog("HASHHIT %d --> %d",index,old); */
+                               next[i] = old;
+                               do {
+                                       /* dolog("HASHCHECK %d",old); */
+                                       if (c->methods[old].name == mi->name
+                                               && c->methods[old].descriptor == mi->descriptor)
+                                       {
+                                               dolog("Duplicate method (%d,%d):",i,old);
+                                               log_utf(mi->name); log_utf(mi->descriptor);
+                                               panic("Methods with same name and descriptor");
+                                       }
+                               } while ((old = next[old]) != 0);
+                       }
+                       /* else dolog("HASHLUCKY"); */
+                       hashtab[index] = i+1;
                }
+               
+               MFREE(hashtab,u2,(hashlen + len));
+       }
 
 #ifdef STATISTICS
-       count_class_infos += sizeof(classinfo*) * c -> interfacescount;
-       count_class_infos += sizeof(fieldinfo) * c -> fieldscount;
-       count_class_infos += sizeof(methodinfo) * c -> methodscount;
+       count_class_infos += sizeof(classinfo*) * c->interfacescount;
+       count_class_infos += sizeof(fieldinfo) * c->fieldscount;
+       count_class_infos += sizeof(methodinfo) * c->methodscount;
 #endif
 
        /* load variable-length attribute structures */ 
-       attribute_load (suck_u2(), c);
+       attribute_load(suck_u2(), c);
 
        /* free memory */
-       suck_stop ();
+       suck_stop();
 
        /* remove class from list of unloaded classes and 
           add to list of unlinked classes                */
-       list_remove (&unloadedclasses, c);
-       list_addlast (&unlinkedclasses, c);
-       c->loaded=true;
+       list_remove(&unloadedclasses, c);
+       list_addlast(&unlinkedclasses, c);
+
+       c->loaded = true;
+
        return true;
 }
 
@@ -1535,23 +1964,24 @@ static int class_load(classinfo *c)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static s4 class_highestinterface (classinfo *c) 
+static s4 class_highestinterface(classinfo *c) 
 {
        s4 h;
        s4 i;
        
-       if ( ! (c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) ) {
+       if (!(c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)) {
                char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
-               sprintf (logtext, "Interface-methods count requested for non-interface:  ");
-       utf_sprint (logtext+strlen(logtext), c->name);
-       error(logtext);
-       }
+               sprintf(logtext, "Interface-methods count requested for non-interface:  ");
+       utf_sprint(logtext + strlen(logtext), c->name);
+       error("%s",logtext);
+       }
     
     h = c->index;
-       for (i=0; i<c->interfacescount; i++) {
-               s4 h2 = class_highestinterface (c->interfaces[i]);
-               if (h2>h) h=h2;
-               }
+       for (i = 0; i < c->interfacescount; i++) {
+               s4 h2 = class_highestinterface(c->interfaces[i]);
+               if (h2 > h) h = h2;
+       }
+
        return h;
 }
 
@@ -1616,22 +2046,21 @@ static void class_addinterface (classinfo *c, classinfo *ic)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-void
-class_new_array(classinfo *c)
+void class_new_array(classinfo *c)
 {
        classinfo *comp = NULL;
        methodinfo *clone;
        int namelen;
 
-       /* XXX remove */ /* dolog("class_new_array: %s",c->name->text); */
+       /* DEBUG */ /* dolog("class_new_array: %s",c->name->text); */
 
        /* Array classes are not loaded from classfiles. */
-       list_remove (&unloadedclasses, c);
+       list_remove(&unloadedclasses, c);
 
        /* Check array class name */
        namelen = c->name->blength;
        if (namelen < 2 || c->name->text[0] != '[')
-               panic("Invalid array class name.");
+               panic("Invalid array class name");
 
        /* Check the component type */
        switch (c->name->text[1]) {
@@ -1642,8 +2071,8 @@ class_new_array(classinfo *c)
 
          case 'L':
                  /* c is an array of objects. */
-                 if (namelen < 4 || c->name->text[namelen-1] != ';')
-                         panic("Invalid array class name.");
+                 if (namelen < 4 || c->name->text[namelen - 1] != ';')
+                         panic("Invalid array class name");
                  comp = class_new(utf_new(c->name->text + 2,namelen - 3));
                  break;
        }
@@ -1653,21 +2082,21 @@ class_new_array(classinfo *c)
        c->flags = ACC_PUBLIC | ACC_FINAL | ACC_ABSTRACT;
 
     c->interfacescount = 2;
-    c->interfaces = MNEW(classinfo*,2); /* XXX use GC? */
+    c->interfaces = MNEW(classinfo*,2);
     c->interfaces[0] = class_java_lang_Cloneable;
     c->interfaces[1] = class_java_io_Serializable;
 
        c->methodscount = 1;
-       c->methods = MNEW (methodinfo, c->methodscount); /* XXX use GC? */
+       c->methods = MNEW (methodinfo, c->methodscount);
 
        clone = c->methods;
-       memset(clone,0,sizeof(methodinfo));
-       clone->flags = ACC_PUBLIC; /* XXX protected? */
+       memset(clone, 0, sizeof(methodinfo));
+       clone->flags = ACC_PUBLIC;
        clone->name = utf_new_char("clone");
        clone->descriptor = utf_new_char("()Ljava/lang/Object;");
        clone->class = c;
-       clone->stubroutine = createnativestub(&builtin_clone_array,clone);
-       clone->monoPoly = MONO; /* XXX should be poly? */
+       clone->stubroutine = createnativestub((functionptr) &builtin_clone_array, clone);
+       clone->monoPoly = MONO;
 
        /* XXX: field: length? */
 
@@ -1681,9 +2110,10 @@ class_new_array(classinfo *c)
         c->loaded=true;
      
        if (loader_inited)
-               loader_load(c->name);
+               loader_load(c->name); /* XXX handle errors */
 }
 
+
 /****************** Function: class_link_array *********************************
 
     This function is called by class_link to create the
@@ -1694,9 +2124,7 @@ class_new_array(classinfo *c)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static
-arraydescriptor *
-class_link_array(classinfo *c)
+static arraydescriptor *class_link_array(classinfo *c)
 {
        classinfo *comp = NULL;
        int namelen = c->name->blength;
@@ -1733,11 +2161,13 @@ class_link_array(classinfo *c)
                
                compvftbl = comp->vftbl;
                if (!compvftbl)
-                       panic("Component class has no vftbl.");
+                       panic("Component class has no vftbl");
                desc->componentvftbl = compvftbl;
                
                if (compvftbl->arraydesc) {
                        desc->elementvftbl = compvftbl->arraydesc->elementvftbl;
+                       if (compvftbl->arraydesc->dimension >= 255)
+                               panic("Creating array of dimension >255");
                        desc->dimension = compvftbl->arraydesc->dimension + 1;
                        desc->elementtype = compvftbl->arraydesc->elementtype;
                }
@@ -1746,36 +2176,52 @@ class_link_array(classinfo *c)
                        desc->dimension = 1;
                        desc->elementtype = ARRAYTYPE_OBJECT;
                }
-       }
-       else {
+
+       else {
                /* c is an array of a primitive type */
                switch (c->name->text[1]) {
-                 case 'Z': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_BOOLEAN;
-                           desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_booleanarray,data);
-                               desc->componentsize = sizeof(u1); break;
-                 case 'B': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_BYTE;
-                           desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_bytearray,data);
-                               desc->componentsize = sizeof(u1); break;
-                 case 'C': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_CHAR;
-                           desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_chararray,data);
-                               desc->componentsize = sizeof(u2); break;
-                 case 'D': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_DOUBLE;
-                           desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_doublearray,data);
-                               desc->componentsize = sizeof(double); break;
-                 case 'F': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_FLOAT;
-                           desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_floatarray,data);
-                               desc->componentsize = sizeof(float); break;
-                 case 'I': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_INT;
-                           desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_intarray,data);
-                               desc->componentsize = sizeof(s4); break;
-                 case 'J': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_LONG;
-                           desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_longarray,data);
-                               desc->componentsize = sizeof(s8); break;
-                 case 'S': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_SHORT;
-                           desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_shortarray,data);
-                               desc->componentsize = sizeof(s2); break;
-                 default:
-                         panic("Invalid array class name");
+               case 'Z': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_BOOLEAN;
+                       desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_booleanarray,data);
+                       desc->componentsize = sizeof(u1);
+                       break;
+
+               case 'B': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_BYTE;
+                       desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_bytearray,data);
+                       desc->componentsize = sizeof(u1);
+                       break;
+
+               case 'C': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_CHAR;
+                       desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_chararray,data);
+                       desc->componentsize = sizeof(u2);
+                       break;
+
+               case 'D': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_DOUBLE;
+                       desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_doublearray,data);
+                       desc->componentsize = sizeof(double);
+                       break;
+
+               case 'F': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_FLOAT;
+                       desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_floatarray,data);
+                       desc->componentsize = sizeof(float);
+                       break;
+
+               case 'I': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_INT;
+                       desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_intarray,data);
+                       desc->componentsize = sizeof(s4);
+                       break;
+
+               case 'J': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_LONG;
+                       desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_longarray,data);
+                       desc->componentsize = sizeof(s8);
+                       break;
+
+               case 'S': desc->arraytype = ARRAYTYPE_SHORT;
+                       desc->dataoffset = OFFSET(java_shortarray,data);
+                       desc->componentsize = sizeof(s2);
+                       break;
+
+               default:
+                       panic("Invalid array class name");
                }
                
                desc->componentvftbl = NULL;
@@ -1787,6 +2233,7 @@ class_link_array(classinfo *c)
        return desc;
 }
 
+
 /********************** Function: class_link ***********************************
 
        Tries to link a class. The super class and every implemented interface must
@@ -1827,34 +2274,49 @@ void class_link(classinfo *c)
                        list_addlast(&unlinkedclasses, c);
                        return; 
                }
+               if ((ic->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) == 0) {
+                       dolog("Specified interface is not declared as interface:");
+                       log_utf(ic->name);
+                       dolog("in");
+                       log_utf(c->name);
+                       panic("Specified interface is not declared as interface");
+               }
        }
        
        /*  check super class */
 
-       if (super == NULL) {          /* class java.long.Object */
+       if (super == NULL) {          /* class java.lang.Object */
                c->index = 0;
         c->classUsed = USED;     /* Object class is always used CO-RT*/
-               c -> impldBy = NULL;
+               c->impldBy = NULL;
                c->instancesize = sizeof(java_objectheader);
                
                vftbllength = supervftbllength = 0;
 
                c->finalizer = NULL;
-       }
-       else {
+
+       else {
                if (!super->linked) {
                        list_remove(&unlinkedclasses, c);
                        list_addlast(&unlinkedclasses, c);
                        return; 
                }
 
+               if (super->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)
+                       panic("Interface specified as super class");
+
                /* handle array classes */
+               /* The component class must have been linked already. */
                if (c->name->text[0] == '[')
                        if ((arraydesc = class_link_array(c)) == NULL) {
                                list_remove(&unlinkedclasses, c);
                                list_addlast(&unlinkedclasses, c);
                                return; 
                        }
+
+               /* Don't allow extending final classes */
+               if (super->flags & ACC_FINAL)
+                       panic("Trying to extend final class");
                
                if (c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)
                        c->index = interfaceindex++;
@@ -1871,9 +2333,9 @@ void class_link(classinfo *c)
 
        if (linkverbose) {
                char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
-               sprintf (logtext, "Linking Class: ");
-               utf_sprint (logtext+strlen(logtext), c->name );
-               dolog (logtext);
+               sprintf(logtext, "Linking Class: ");
+               utf_sprint(logtext + strlen(logtext), c->name );
+               log_text(logtext);
        }
 
        /* compute vftbl length */
@@ -1887,19 +2349,29 @@ void class_link(classinfo *c)
                                int j;
                                for (j = 0; j < sc->methodscount; j++) {
                                        if (method_canoverwrite(m, &(sc->methods[j]))) {
+                                               if ((sc->methods[j].flags & ACC_PRIVATE) != 0)
+                                                       goto notfoundvftblindex;
+                                               if ((sc->methods[j].flags & ACC_FINAL) != 0) {
+                                                       log_utf(c->name);
+                                                       log_utf(sc->name);
+                                                       log_utf(sc->methods[j].name);
+                                                       log_utf(sc->methods[j].descriptor);
+                                                       panic("Trying to overwrite final method");
+                                               }
                                                m->vftblindex = sc->methods[j].vftblindex;
                                                goto foundvftblindex;
                                        }
                                }
                                sc = sc->super;
                        }
+               notfoundvftblindex:
                        m->vftblindex = (vftbllength++);
                foundvftblindex: ;
                }
        }       
        
 #ifdef STATISTICS
-       count_vftbl_len += sizeof(vftbl) + sizeof(methodptr)*(vftbllength-1);
+       count_vftbl_len += sizeof(vftbl) + (sizeof(methodptr) * (vftbllength - 1));
 #endif
 
        /* compute interfacetable length */
@@ -1953,8 +2425,8 @@ void class_link(classinfo *c)
                fieldinfo *f = &(c->fields[i]);
                
                if (!(f->flags & ACC_STATIC) ) {
-                       dsize = desc_typesize (f->descriptor);
-                       c->instancesize = ALIGN (c->instancesize, dsize);
+                       dsize = desc_typesize(f->descriptor);
+                       c->instancesize = ALIGN(c->instancesize, dsize);
                        f->offset = c->instancesize;
                        c->instancesize += dsize;
                }
@@ -1962,7 +2434,7 @@ void class_link(classinfo *c)
 
        /* initialize interfacetable and interfacevftbllength */
        
-       v->interfacevftbllength = MNEW (s4, interfacetablelength);
+       v->interfacevftbllength = MNEW(s4, interfacetablelength);
 
 #ifdef STATISTICS
        count_vftbl_len += (4 + sizeof(s4)) * v->interfacetablelength;
@@ -1977,7 +2449,7 @@ void class_link(classinfo *c)
        
        for (c2 = c; c2 != NULL; c2 = c2->super)
                for (i = 0; i < c2->interfacescount; i++) {
-                       class_addinterface (c, c2->interfaces[i]);
+                       class_addinterface(c, c2->interfaces[i]);
                }
 
        /* add finalizer method (not for java.lang.Object) */
@@ -1992,7 +2464,7 @@ void class_link(classinfo *c)
                if (fidesc == NULL)
                        fidesc = utf_fidesc;
 
-               fi = class_findmethod (c, finame, fidesc);
+               fi = class_findmethod(c, finame, fidesc);
                if (fi != NULL) {
                        if (!(fi->flags & ACC_STATIC)) {
                                c->finalizer = fi;
@@ -2004,9 +2476,8 @@ void class_link(classinfo *c)
 
        c->linked = true;       
 
-       list_remove (&unlinkedclasses, c);
-       list_addlast (&linkedclasses, c);
-
+       list_remove(&unlinkedclasses, c);
+       list_addlast(&linkedclasses, c);
 }
 
 
@@ -2063,48 +2534,49 @@ static void class_freecpool (classinfo *c)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-static void class_free (classinfo *c)
+static void class_free(classinfo *c)
 {
        s4 i;
        vftbl *v;
                
-       class_freecpool (c);
+       class_freecpool(c);
 
-       MFREE (c->interfaces, classinfo*, c->interfacescount);
+       MFREE(c->interfaces, classinfo*, c->interfacescount);
 
        for (i = 0; i < c->fieldscount; i++)
                field_free(&(c->fields[i]));
        
        for (i = 0; i < c->methodscount; i++)
                method_free(&(c->methods[i]));
-       MFREE (c->methods, methodinfo, c->methodscount);
+       MFREE(c->methods, methodinfo, c->methodscount);
 
        if ((v = c->vftbl) != NULL) {
                if (v->arraydesc)
                        mem_free(v->arraydesc,sizeof(arraydescriptor));
                
                for (i = 0; i < v->interfacetablelength; i++) {
-                       MFREE (v->interfacetable[-i], methodptr, v->interfacevftbllength[i]);
-                       }
-               MFREE (v->interfacevftbllength, s4, v->interfacetablelength);
+                       MFREE(v->interfacetable[-i], methodptr, v->interfacevftbllength[i]);
+               }
+               MFREE(v->interfacevftbllength, s4, v->interfacetablelength);
 
                i = sizeof(vftbl) + sizeof(methodptr) * (v->vftbllength - 1) +
                    sizeof(methodptr*) * (v->interfacetablelength -
                                         (v->interfacetablelength > 0));
                v = (vftbl*) (((methodptr*) v) - (v->interfacetablelength - 1) *
                                             (v->interfacetablelength > 1));
-               mem_free (v, i);
-               }
+               mem_free(v, i);
+       }
 
        if (c->innerclasscount)
-               MFREE (c->innerclass, innerclassinfo, c->innerclasscount);
+               MFREE(c->innerclass, innerclassinfo, c->innerclasscount);
 
        /*      if (c->classvftbl)
                mem_free(c->header.vftbl, sizeof(vftbl) + sizeof(methodptr)*(c->vftbl->vftbllength-1)); */
        
-       FREE (c, classinfo);
+       GCFREE(c);
 }
 
+
 /************************* Function: class_findfield ***************************
        
        Searches a 'classinfo' structure for a field having the given name and
@@ -2112,22 +2584,90 @@ static void class_free (classinfo *c)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
+fieldinfo *class_findfield(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
+{
+       s4 i;
+       
+       for (i = 0; i < c->fieldscount; i++) { 
+               if ((c->fields[i].name == name) && (c->fields[i].descriptor == desc)) 
+                       return &(c->fields[i]);                                                         
+    }
+
+       panic("Can not find field given in CONSTANT_Fieldref");
 
-fieldinfo *class_findfield (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
+       /* keep compiler happy */
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+
+/****************** Function: class_resolvefield_int ***************************
+
+    This is an internally used helper function. Do not use this directly.
+
+       Tries to resolve a field having the given name and type.
+    If the field cannot be resolved, NULL is returned.
+
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+static
+fieldinfo *class_resolvefield_int(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 {
        s4 i;
+       fieldinfo *fi;
 
-       
+       /* search for field in class c */
        for (i = 0; i < c->fieldscount; i++) { 
                if ((c->fields[i].name == name) && (c->fields[i].descriptor == desc)) 
                        return &(c->fields[i]);                                                         
     }
 
-       panic ("Can not find field given in CONSTANT_Fieldref");
+       /* try superinterfaces recursively */
+       for (i=0; i<c->interfacescount; ++i) {
+               fi = class_resolvefield_int(c->interfaces[i],name,desc);
+               if (fi)
+                       return fi;
+       }
+
+       /* try superclass */
+       if (c->super)
+               return class_resolvefield_int(c->super,name,desc);
+
+       /* not found */
        return NULL;
 }
 
 
+/********************* Function: class_resolvefield ***************************
+       
+       Resolves a reference from REFERER to a field with NAME and DESC in class C.
+    If the field cannot be resolved this function panics.
+
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+fieldinfo *class_resolvefield(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc,
+                                                         classinfo *referer)
+{
+       fieldinfo *fi;
+
+       /* XXX resolve class c */
+       /* XXX check access from REFERER to C */
+       
+       fi = class_resolvefield_int(c,name,desc);
+
+       if (!fi) {
+               log_utf(c->name);
+               log_utf(name);
+               log_utf(desc);
+               panic("Cannot find field given in CONSTANT_Fieldref");
+               /* XXX should throw NoSuchFieldError */
+       }
+
+       /* XXX check access rights */
+
+       return fi;
+}
+
+
 /************************* Function: class_findmethod **************************
        
        Searches a 'classinfo' structure for a method having the given name and
@@ -2136,26 +2676,29 @@ fieldinfo *class_findfield (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-s4 class_findmethodIndex (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
+s4 class_findmethodIndex(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 {
        s4 i;
+       //#define JOWENN_DEBUG1
+       //#define JOWENN_DEBUG2
 #if defined(JOWENN_DEBUG1) || defined(JOWENN_DEBUG2)
        char *buffer;                   
        int buffer_len, pos;
 #endif
+
 #ifdef JOWENN_DEBUG1
 
        buffer_len = 
-         utf_strlen(name) + utf_strlen(desc) +utf_strlen(c->name)+ 64;
+               utf_strlen(name) + utf_strlen(desc) + utf_strlen(c->name) + 64;
        
        buffer = MNEW(char, buffer_len);
 
        strcpy(buffer, "class_findmethod: method:");
-        utf_sprint(buffer+strlen(buffer), name);
-       strcpy(buffer+strlen(buffer), ", desc: ");
-        utf_sprint(buffer+strlen(buffer), desc);
-       strcpy(buffer+strlen(buffer), ", classname: ");
-        utf_sprint(buffer+strlen(buffer), c->name);
+       utf_sprint(buffer + strlen(buffer), name);
+       strcpy(buffer + strlen(buffer), ", desc: ");
+       utf_sprint(buffer + strlen(buffer), desc);
+       strcpy(buffer + strlen(buffer), ", classname: ");
+       utf_sprint(buffer + strlen(buffer), c->name);
        
        log_text(buffer);       
 
@@ -2164,34 +2707,36 @@ s4 class_findmethodIndex (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
        for (i = 0; i < c->methodscount; i++) {
 #ifdef JOWENN_DEBUG2
                buffer_len = 
-                 utf_strlen(c->methods[i].name) + utf_strlen(c->methods[i].descriptor)+ 64;
+                       utf_strlen(c->methods[i].name) + utf_strlen(c->methods[i].descriptor)+ 64;
        
                buffer = MNEW(char, buffer_len);
 
                strcpy(buffer, "class_findmethod: comparing to method:");
-               utf_sprint(buffer+strlen(buffer), c->methods[i].name);
-               strcpy(buffer+strlen(buffer), ", desc: ");
-               utf_sprint(buffer+strlen(buffer), c->methods[i].descriptor);
+               utf_sprint(buffer + strlen(buffer), c->methods[i].name);
+               strcpy(buffer + strlen(buffer), ", desc: ");
+               utf_sprint(buffer + strlen(buffer), c->methods[i].descriptor);
        
                log_text(buffer);       
 
                MFREE(buffer, char, buffer_len);
-               #endif  
+#endif 
                
                
                if ((c->methods[i].name == name) && ((desc == NULL) ||
-                                                  (c->methods[i].descriptor == desc)))
+                                                                                        (c->methods[i].descriptor == desc))) {
                        return i;
                }
+       }
+
 #ifdef JOWENN_DEBUG2   
        class_showconstantpool(c);
        log_text("class_findmethod: returning NULL");
 #endif
+
        return -1;
 }
 
 
-
 /************************* Function: class_findmethod **************************
        
        Searches a 'classinfo' structure for a method having the given name and
@@ -2200,7 +2745,7 @@ s4 class_findmethodIndex (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-methodinfo *class_findmethod (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
+methodinfo *class_findmethod(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 {
 #if 0
        s4 i;
@@ -2211,16 +2756,16 @@ methodinfo *class_findmethod (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 #ifdef JOWENN_DEBUG1
 
        buffer_len = 
-         utf_strlen(name) + utf_strlen(desc) +utf_strlen(c->name)+ 64;
+               utf_strlen(name) + utf_strlen(desc) + utf_strlen(c->name) + 64;
        
        buffer = MNEW(char, buffer_len);
 
        strcpy(buffer, "class_findmethod: method:");
-        utf_sprint(buffer+strlen(buffer), name);
-       strcpy(buffer+strlen(buffer), ", desc: ");
-        utf_sprint(buffer+strlen(buffer), desc);
-       strcpy(buffer+strlen(buffer), ", classname: ");
-        utf_sprint(buffer+strlen(buffer), c->name);
+       utf_sprint(buffer + strlen(buffer), name);
+       strcpy(buffer + strlen(buffer), ", desc: ");
+       utf_sprint(buffer + strlen(buffer), desc);
+       strcpy(buffer + strlen(buffer), ", classname: ");
+       utf_sprint(buffer + strlen(buffer), c->name);
        
        log_text(buffer);       
 
@@ -2229,40 +2774,96 @@ methodinfo *class_findmethod (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
        for (i = 0; i < c->methodscount; i++) {
 #ifdef JOWENN_DEBUG2
                buffer_len = 
-                 utf_strlen(c->methods[i].name) + utf_strlen(c->methods[i].descriptor)+ 64;
+                       utf_strlen(c->methods[i].name) + utf_strlen(c->methods[i].descriptor)+ 64;
        
                buffer = MNEW(char, buffer_len);
 
                strcpy(buffer, "class_findmethod: comparing to method:");
-               utf_sprint(buffer+strlen(buffer), c->methods[i].name);
-               strcpy(buffer+strlen(buffer), ", desc: ");
-               utf_sprint(buffer+strlen(buffer), c->methods[i].descriptor);
+               utf_sprint(buffer + strlen(buffer), c->methods[i].name);
+               strcpy(buffer + strlen(buffer), ", desc: ");
+               utf_sprint(buffer + strlen(buffer), c->methods[i].descriptor);
        
                log_text(buffer);       
 
                MFREE(buffer, char, buffer_len);
-               #endif  
-               
+#endif 
                
                if ((c->methods[i].name == name) && ((desc == NULL) ||
-                                                  (c->methods[i].descriptor == desc)))
+                                                                                        (c->methods[i].descriptor == desc))) {
                        return &(c->methods[i]);
                }
+       }
 #ifdef JOWENN_DEBUG2   
        class_showconstantpool(c);
        log_text("class_findmethod: returning NULL");
 #endif
        return NULL;
 #endif
-       s4 idx=class_findmethodIndex(c,name,desc);
+
+       s4 idx=class_findmethodIndex(c, name, desc);
 /*     if (idx==-1) log_text("class_findmethod: method not found");*/
-       if (idx==-1) return NULL;
+       if (idx == -1) return NULL;
+
        return &(c->methods[idx]);
 }
 
 
+/*********************** Function: class_fetchmethod **************************
+       
+    like class_findmethod, but aborts with an error if the method is not found
 
+*******************************************************************************/
 
+methodinfo *class_fetchmethod(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
+{
+       methodinfo *mi;
+       mi = class_findmethod(c, name, desc);
+
+       if (!mi) {
+               log_plain("Class: "); if (c) log_plain_utf(c->name); log_nl();
+               log_plain("Method: "); if (name) log_plain_utf(name); log_nl();
+               log_plain("Descriptor: "); if (desc) log_plain_utf(desc); log_nl();
+               panic("Method not found");
+       }
+
+       return mi;
+}
+
+
+/*********************** Function: class_findmethod_w**************************
+
+    like class_findmethod, but logs a warning if the method is not found
+
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+methodinfo *class_findmethod_w(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc, char *from)
+{
+        methodinfo *mi;
+        mi = class_findmethod(c, name, desc);
+
+        if (!mi) {
+                log_plain("Class: "); if (c) log_plain_utf(c->name); log_nl();
+                log_plain("Method: "); if (name) log_plain_utf(name); log_nl();
+                log_plain("Descriptor: "); if (desc) log_plain_utf(desc); log_nl();
+
+                       if ( c->flags & ACC_PUBLIC )       log_plain(" PUBLIC ");
+               if ( c->flags & ACC_PRIVATE )      log_plain(" PRIVATE ");
+               if ( c->flags & ACC_PROTECTED )    log_plain(" PROTECTED ");
+               if ( c->flags & ACC_STATIC )       log_plain(" STATIC ");
+               if ( c->flags & ACC_FINAL )        log_plain(" FINAL ");
+               if ( c->flags & ACC_SYNCHRONIZED ) log_plain(" SYNCHRONIZED ");
+               if ( c->flags & ACC_VOLATILE )     log_plain(" VOLATILE ");
+               if ( c->flags & ACC_TRANSIENT )    log_plain(" TRANSIENT ");
+               if ( c->flags & ACC_NATIVE )       log_plain(" NATIVE ");
+               if ( c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE )    log_plain(" INTERFACE ");
+               if ( c->flags & ACC_ABSTRACT )     log_plain(" ABSTRACT ");
+
+               log_plain(from); 
+                log_plain(" : WARNING: Method not found");log_nl( );
+        }
+
+        return mi;
+}
 
 
 /************************* Function: class_findmethod_approx ******************
@@ -2272,11 +2873,11 @@ methodinfo *class_findmethod (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-methodinfo *class_findmethod_approx (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
+methodinfo *class_findmethod_approx(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 {
        s4 i;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < c->methodscount; i++) 
+       for (i = 0; i < c->methodscount; i++) {
                if (c->methods[i].name == name) {
                        utf *meth_descr = c->methods[i].descriptor;
                        
@@ -2285,29 +2886,31 @@ methodinfo *class_findmethod_approx (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
                                return &(c->methods[i]);
 
                        if (desc->blength <= meth_descr->blength) {
-                                          /* current position in utf text   */
-                                          char *desc_utf_ptr = desc->text;      
-                                          char *meth_utf_ptr = meth_descr->text;                                         
-                                          /* points behind utf strings */
-                                          char *desc_end = utf_end(desc);         
-                                          char *meth_end = utf_end(meth_descr);   
-                                          char ch;
-
-                                          /* compare argument types */
-                                          while (desc_utf_ptr<desc_end && meth_utf_ptr<meth_end) {
-
-                                                  if ((ch=*desc_utf_ptr++) != (*meth_utf_ptr++))
-                                                          break; /* no match */
-
-                                                  if (ch==')')
-                                                          return &(c->methods[i]);   /* all parameter types equal */
-                                          }
+                               /* current position in utf text   */
+                               char *desc_utf_ptr = desc->text;      
+                               char *meth_utf_ptr = meth_descr->text;                                    
+                               /* points behind utf strings */
+                               char *desc_end = utf_end(desc);         
+                               char *meth_end = utf_end(meth_descr);   
+                               char ch;
+
+                               /* compare argument types */
+                               while (desc_utf_ptr < desc_end && meth_utf_ptr < meth_end) {
+
+                                       if ((ch = *desc_utf_ptr++) != (*meth_utf_ptr++))
+                                               break; /* no match */
+
+                                       if (ch == ')')
+                                               return &(c->methods[i]);   /* all parameter types equal */
+                               }
                        }
                }
+       }
 
        return NULL;
 }
 
+
 /***************** Function: class_resolvemethod_approx ***********************
        
        Searches a class and every super class for a method (without paying
@@ -2315,16 +2918,17 @@ methodinfo *class_findmethod_approx (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-methodinfo *class_resolvemethod_approx (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
+methodinfo *class_resolvemethod_approx(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 {
        while (c) {
                /* search for method (ignore returntype) */
-               methodinfo *m = class_findmethod_approx (c, name, desc);
+               methodinfo *m = class_findmethod_approx(c, name, desc);
                /* method found */
                if (m) return m;
                /* search superclass */
                c = c->super;
-               }
+       }
+
        return NULL;
 }
 
@@ -2335,7 +2939,7 @@ methodinfo *class_resolvemethod_approx (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-methodinfo *class_resolvemethod (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
+methodinfo *class_resolvemethod(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
 {
        while (c) {
                methodinfo *m = class_findmethod(c, name, desc);
@@ -2343,9 +2947,116 @@ methodinfo *class_resolvemethod (classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
                /* search superclass */
                c = c->super;
        }
+
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+
+/****************** Function: class_resolveinterfacemethod_int ****************
+
+    Internally used helper function. Do not use this directly.
+
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+static
+methodinfo *class_resolveinterfacemethod_int(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc)
+{
+       methodinfo *mi;
+       int i;
+       
+       mi = class_findmethod(c,name,desc);
+       if (mi)
+               return mi;
+
+       /* try the superinterfaces */
+       for (i=0; i<c->interfacescount; ++i) {
+               mi = class_resolveinterfacemethod_int(c->interfaces[i],name,desc);
+               if (mi)
+                       return mi;
+       }
+       
        return NULL;
 }
 
+/******************** Function: class_resolveinterfacemethod ******************
+
+    Resolves a reference from REFERER to a method with NAME and DESC in
+    interface C.
+
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+methodinfo *class_resolveinterfacemethod(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc,
+                                                                                classinfo *referer)
+{
+       methodinfo *mi;
+
+       /* XXX resolve class c */
+       /* XXX check access from REFERER to C */
+       
+       if ((c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) == 0)
+               return NULL; /* should throw IncompatibleClassChangeError */
+
+       mi = class_resolveinterfacemethod_int(c,name,desc);
+       if (mi)
+               goto found;
+
+       /* try class java.lang.Object */
+       mi = class_findmethod(class_java_lang_Object,name,desc);
+       if (mi)
+               goto found;
+
+       return NULL; /* should throw NoSuchMethodError */
+
+ found:
+       return mi;
+}
+
+/********************* Function: class_resolveclassmethod *********************
+       
+    Resolves a reference from REFERER to a method with NAME and DESC in
+    class C.
+
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+methodinfo *class_resolveclassmethod(classinfo *c, utf *name, utf *desc,
+                                                                        classinfo *referer)
+{
+       methodinfo *mi;
+       int i;
+       classinfo *cls;
+       
+       /* XXX resolve class c */
+       /* XXX check access from REFERER to C */
+       
+       if ((c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) != 0)
+               return NULL; /* should throw IncompatibleClassChangeError */
+
+       /* try class c and its superclasses */
+       cls = c;
+       do {
+               mi = class_findmethod(cls,name,desc);
+               if (mi)
+                       goto found;
+       } while ((cls = cls->super) != NULL); /* try the superclass */
+
+       /* try the superinterfaces */
+       for (i=0; i<c->interfacescount; ++i) {
+               mi = class_resolveinterfacemethod_int(c->interfaces[i],name,desc);
+               if (mi)
+                       goto found;
+       }
+       
+       return NULL; /* should throw NoSuchMethodError */
+
+ found:
+       if ((mi->flags & ACC_ABSTRACT) != 0 &&
+               (c->flags & ACC_ABSTRACT) == 0)
+               return NULL; /* should throw AbstractMethodError */
+
+       /* XXX check access rights */
+
+       return mi;
+}
 
 
 /************************* Function: class_issubclass **************************
@@ -2358,13 +3069,12 @@ bool class_issubclass(classinfo *sub, classinfo *super)
 {
        for (;;) {
                if (!sub) return false;
-               if (sub==super) return true;
-               sub = sub -> super;
+               if (sub == super) return true;
+               sub = sub->super;
        }
 }
 
 
-
 /****************** Initialization function for classes ******************
 
        In Java, every class can have a static initialization function. This
@@ -2373,127 +3083,152 @@ bool class_issubclass(classinfo *sub, classinfo *super)
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-#ifdef USE_THREADS
-extern int blockInts;
-#endif
-
 void class_init(classinfo *c)
 {
-        methodinfo *m;
-        java_objectheader *exceptionptr;
-        s4 i;
-        int b;
-
-
-        if (!makeinitializations)
-                return;
-        if (c->initialized)
-                return;
-        c -> initialized = true;
+       methodinfo *m;
+       s4 i;
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       int b;
+#endif
 
+       if (!makeinitializations)
+               return;
+       if (c->initialized)
+               return;
 
+       c->initialized = true;
 
 #ifdef STATISTICS
-        count_class_inits++;
+       count_class_inits++;
 #endif
 
-        if (c->super)
-                class_init (c->super);
-        for (i=0; i < c->interfacescount; i++)
-                class_init(c->interfaces[i]);  /* real */
-
-        m = class_findmethod (c, utf_clinit, utf_fidesc);
-        if (!m) {
-                if (initverbose) {
-                                               char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
-                        sprintf (logtext, "Class ");
-                        utf_sprint (logtext+strlen(logtext), c->name);
-                        sprintf (logtext+strlen(logtext), " has no initializer");
-                        dolog (logtext);
-                        }
-/*              goto callinitialize;*/
-                return;
-                }
-
-        if (! (m->flags & ACC_STATIC))
-                panic ("Class initializer is not static!");
-
-        if (initverbose) {
-                               char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
-                sprintf (logtext, "Starting initializer for class: ");
-                utf_sprint (logtext+strlen(logtext), c->name);
-                dolog (logtext);
-        }
+       /* initialize super class */
+       if (c->super) {
+               if (initverbose) {
+                       char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
+                       sprintf(logtext, "Initialize super class ");
+                       utf_sprint(logtext + strlen(logtext), c->super->name);
+                       sprintf(logtext + strlen(logtext), " from ");
+                       utf_sprint(logtext + strlen(logtext), c->name);
+                       log_text(logtext);
+               }
+               class_init(c->super);
+       }
 
-#ifdef USE_THREADS
-        b = blockInts;
-        blockInts = 0;
+       /* initialize interface classes */
+       for (i = 0; i < c->interfacescount; i++) {
+               if (initverbose) {
+                       char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
+                       sprintf(logtext, "Initialize interface class ");
+                       utf_sprint(logtext + strlen(logtext), c->interfaces[i]->name);
+                       sprintf(logtext + strlen(logtext), " from ");
+                       utf_sprint(logtext + strlen(logtext), c->name);
+                       log_text(logtext);
+               }
+               class_init(c->interfaces[i]);  /* real */
+       }
+
+       m = class_findmethod(c, utf_clinit, utf_fidesc);
+       if (!m) {
+               if (initverbose) {
+                       char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
+                       sprintf(logtext, "Class ");
+                       utf_sprint(logtext + strlen(logtext), c->name);
+                       sprintf(logtext + strlen(logtext), " has no initializer");
+                       log_text(logtext);
+               }
+               /*              goto callinitialize;*/
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (!(m->flags & ACC_STATIC))
+               panic("Class initializer is not static!");
+
+       if (initverbose) {
+               char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
+               sprintf(logtext, "Starting initializer for class: ");
+               utf_sprint(logtext + strlen(logtext), c->name);
+               log_text(logtext);
+       }
+
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       b = blockInts;
+       blockInts = 0;
 #endif
 
-        exceptionptr = asm_calljavamethod(m, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+       /* now call the initializer */
+       asm_calljavafunction(m, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 
-#ifdef USE_THREADS
-        assert(blockInts == 0);
-        blockInts = b;
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       assert(blockInts == 0);
+       blockInts = b;
 #endif
 
-        if (exceptionptr) {
-                printf ("#### Initializer of ");
-                utf_display (c->name);
-                printf (" has thrown: ");
-                utf_display (exceptionptr->vftbl->class->name);
-                printf ("\n");
-                fflush (stdout);
-                }
-
-        if (initverbose) {
-                               char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
-                sprintf (logtext, "Finished initializer for class: ");
-                utf_sprint (logtext+strlen(logtext), c->name);
-                dolog (logtext);
-        }
-        if (c->name == utf_systemclass) {
-                /* class java.lang.System requires explicit initialization */
+       /* we have to throw an exception */
+       if (*exceptionptr) {
+               printf("Exception in thread \"main\" java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError\n");
+               printf("Caused by: ");
+               utf_display((*exceptionptr)->vftbl->class->name);
+
+               /* do we have a detail message? */
+               if (((java_lang_Throwable *) *exceptionptr)->detailMessage) {
+                       printf(": ");
+                       utf_display(javastring_toutf(((java_lang_Throwable *) *exceptionptr)->detailMessage, false));
+               }
+
+               printf("\n");
+               fflush(stdout);
+               exit(1);
+       }
+
+       if (initverbose) {
+               char logtext[MAXLOGTEXT];
+               sprintf(logtext, "Finished initializer for class: ");
+               utf_sprint(logtext + strlen(logtext), c->name);
+               log_text(logtext);
+       }
 
-                if (initverbose)
-                        printf ("#### Initializing class System");
+       if (c->name == utf_systemclass) {
+               /* class java.lang.System requires explicit initialization */
+
+               if (initverbose)
+                       printf("#### Initializing class System");
 
                 /* find initializing method */
-                m = class_findmethod (c,
-                                        utf_initsystemclass,
-                                        utf_fidesc);
-
-                if (!m) {
-                        /* no method found */
-                        /* printf("initializeSystemClass failed"); */
-                        return;
-                }
-                #ifdef USE_THREADS
-                        b = blockInts;
-                        blockInts = 0;
-                #endif
-
-                exceptionptr = asm_calljavamethod (m, NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL);
-
-                #ifdef USE_THREADS
-                        assert(blockInts == 0);
-                        blockInts = b;
-                #endif
-
-                if (exceptionptr) {
-                        printf ("#### initializeSystemClass has thrown: ");
-                        utf_display (exceptionptr->vftbl->class->name);
-                        printf ("\n");
-                        fflush (stdout);
-                }
-        }
+               m = class_findmethod(c,
+                                                        utf_initsystemclass,
+                                                        utf_fidesc);
+
+               if (!m) {
+                       /* no method found */
+                       /* printf("initializeSystemClass failed"); */
+                       return;
+               }
 
-}
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+               b = blockInts;
+               blockInts = 0;
+#endif
 
+               asm_calljavafunction(m, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+               assert(blockInts == 0);
+               blockInts = b;
+#endif
+
+               if (*exceptionptr) {
+                       printf("#### initializeSystemClass has thrown: ");
+                       utf_display((*exceptionptr)->vftbl->class->name);
+                       printf("\n");
+                       fflush(stdout);
+               }
+       }
+}
 
 
 /********* Function: find_class_method_constant *********/
+
 int find_class_method_constant (classinfo *c, utf * c1, utf* m1, utf* d1)  
 {
        u4 i;
@@ -2756,36 +3491,73 @@ void class_showmethods (classinfo *c)
 
 static int loader_load_running = 0;
 
-classinfo *loader_load (utf *topname)
+classinfo *loader_load(utf *topname)
 {
        classinfo *top;
        classinfo *c;
-       long int starttime=0,stoptime=0;
+       s8 starttime = 0;
+       s8 stoptime = 0;
+       classinfo *notlinkable;
 
        /* avoid recursive calls */
        if (loader_load_running)
                return class_new(topname);
+
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       compiler_lock();
+#endif
+
        loader_load_running++;
        
-       intsDisable();                           /* schani */
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       intsDisable();
+#endif
 
        if (getloadingtime)
                starttime = getcputime();
 
-       top = class_new (topname);
+       top = class_new(topname);
 
        /* load classes */
-       while ( (c = list_first(&unloadedclasses)) ) {
-               if (!class_load (c)) {
-                       list_remove (&unloadedclasses, c);
-                       top=NULL;
-                   }
-        }
+       while ((c = list_first(&unloadedclasses))) {
+               if (!class_load(c)) {
+                       if (linkverbose)
+                               dolog("Failed to load class");
+                       list_remove(&unloadedclasses, c);
+                       top = NULL;
+               }
+       }
 
        /* link classes */
-       while ( (c = list_first(&unlinkedclasses)) ) {
-               class_link (c);
-               }
+       if (linkverbose)
+               dolog("Linking...");
+
+       /* Added a hack to break infinite linking loops. A better
+        * linking algorithm would be nice. -Edwin */
+       notlinkable = NULL;
+       while ((c = list_first(&unlinkedclasses))) {
+               class_link(c);
+               if (!c->linked) {
+                       if (!notlinkable)
+                               notlinkable = c;
+                       else if (notlinkable == c) {
+                               /* We tried to link this class for the second time and
+                                * no other classes were linked in between, so we are
+                                * caught in a loop.
+                                */
+                               if (linkverbose)
+                                       dolog("Cannot resolve linking dependencies");
+                               top = NULL;
+                               if (!*exceptionptr)
+                                       throw_linkageerror_message(c->name);
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+               } else
+                       notlinkable = NULL;
+       }
+       if (linkverbose)
+               dolog("Linking done.");
 
        if (loader_inited)
                loader_compute_subclasses();
@@ -2793,37 +3565,78 @@ classinfo *loader_load (utf *topname)
        /* measure time */
        if (getloadingtime) {
                stoptime = getcputime();
-               loadingtime += (stoptime-starttime);
-               }
+               loadingtime += (stoptime - starttime);
+       }
 
 
        loader_load_running--;
        
-       /* check if a former loader_load call tried to load/link the class and failed.
-               This is needed because the class didn't appear in the undloadclasses or unlinkedclasses list during this class; */
+       /* check if a former loader_load call tried to load/link the class and 
+          failed. This is needed because the class didn't appear in the 
+          undloadclasses or unlinkedclasses list during this class. */
        if (top) {
                if (!top->loaded) {
-                       throw_classnotfoundexception2(top->name);
-                       top=NULL;
-               } else if  (!top->linked) {
-                       throw_linkageerror2(top->name);
-                       top=NULL;
+                       if (linkverbose) dolog("Failed to load class (former call)");
+                       throw_noclassdeffounderror_message(top->name);
+                       top = NULL;
+                       
+               } else if (!top->linked) {
+                       if (linkverbose)
+                               dolog("Failed to link class (former call)");
+                       throw_linkageerror_message(top->name);
+                       top = NULL;
                }
        }
 
-       intsRestore();                          /* schani */
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       intsRestore();
+#endif
+       
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       compiler_unlock();
+#endif
 
+       /* DEBUG */ /*if (linkverbose && !top) dolog("returning NULL from loader_load");*/
+       
        return top; 
 }
 
 
+/****************** Function: loader_load_sysclass ****************************
+
+       Loads and links the class desired class and each class and interface
+       referenced by it.
+
+    The pointer to the classinfo is stored in *top if top != NULL.
+    The pointer is also returned.
+
+    If the class could not be loaded the function aborts with an error.
+
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+classinfo *loader_load_sysclass(classinfo **top, utf *topname)
+{
+       classinfo *cls;
+
+       if ((cls = loader_load(topname)) == NULL) {
+               log_plain("Could not load important system class: ");
+               log_plain_utf(topname);
+               log_nl();
+               panic("Could not load important system class");
+       }
+
+       if (top) *top = cls;
+
+       return cls;
+}
+
+
 /**************** function: create_primitive_classes ***************************
 
        create classes representing primitive types 
 
 ********************************************************************************/
 
-
 void create_primitive_classes()
 {  
        int i;
@@ -2928,14 +3741,14 @@ classinfo *class_primitive_from_sig(char sig)
 
 ********************************************************************************/
 
-classinfo *
-class_from_descriptor(char *utf_ptr,char *end_ptr,char **next,int mode)
+classinfo *class_from_descriptor(char *utf_ptr, char *end_ptr,
+                                                                char **next, int mode)
 {
        char *start = utf_ptr;
        bool error = false;
        utf *name;
 
-       SKIP_FIELDDESCRIPTOR_SAFE(utf_ptr,end_ptr,error);
+       SKIP_FIELDDESCRIPTOR_SAFE(utf_ptr, end_ptr, error);
 
        if (mode & CLASSLOAD_CHECKEND)
                error |= (utf_ptr != end_ptr);
@@ -2966,9 +3779,9 @@ class_from_descriptor(char *utf_ptr,char *end_ptr,char **next,int mode)
                          /* FALLTHROUGH! */
                  case '[':
                          if (mode & CLASSLOAD_SKIP) return class_java_lang_Object;
-                         name = utf_new(start,utf_ptr-start);
+                         name = utf_new(start, utf_ptr - start);
                          return (mode & CLASSLOAD_LOAD)
-                                 ? loader_load(name) : class_new(name);
+                                 ? loader_load(name) : class_new(name); /* XXX handle errors */
                }
        }
 
@@ -2977,13 +3790,17 @@ class_from_descriptor(char *utf_ptr,char *end_ptr,char **next,int mode)
                return NULL;
 
        log_plain("Invalid descriptor at beginning of '");
-       log_plain_utf(utf_new(start,end_ptr-start));
+       log_plain_utf(utf_new(start, end_ptr - start));
        log_plain("'");
        log_nl();
                                                  
        panic("Invalid descriptor");
+
+       /* keep compiler happy */
+       return NULL;
 }
 
+
 /******************* function: type_from_descriptor ****************************
 
     return the basic type indicated by the given descriptor
@@ -3000,12 +3817,12 @@ class_from_descriptor(char *utf_ptr,char *end_ptr,char **next,int mode)
 
 ********************************************************************************/
 
-int
-type_from_descriptor(classinfo **cls,char *utf_ptr,char *end_ptr,char **next,int mode)
+int type_from_descriptor(classinfo **cls, char *utf_ptr, char *end_ptr,
+                                                char **next, int mode)
 {
        classinfo *mycls;
        if (!cls) cls = &mycls;
-       *cls = class_from_descriptor(utf_ptr,end_ptr,next,mode & (~CLASSLOAD_NOPANIC));
+       *cls = class_from_descriptor(utf_ptr, end_ptr, next, mode & (~CLASSLOAD_NOPANIC));
        switch (*utf_ptr) {
          case 'B': 
          case 'C':
@@ -3025,54 +3842,126 @@ type_from_descriptor(classinfo **cls,char *utf_ptr,char *end_ptr,char **next,int
        return TYPE_ADDRESS;
 }
 
+
+
+/*************** function: create_system_exception_classes *******************************
+
+       create system exception classes needed by default 
+
+********************************************************************************/
+
+static void create_system_exception_classes()
+{
+       if (verbose)
+               log_text("loader_init:  create_system_exception_classs: loader_load: java/lang/ClassCastException");
+
+       loader_load_sysclass(&class_java_lang_ClassCastException,
+                                                utf_new_char("java/lang/ClassCastException"));
+       loader_load_sysclass(&class_java_lang_NullPointerException,
+                                                utf_new_char("java/lang/NullPointerException"));
+       loader_load_sysclass(&class_java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException,
+                                                utf_new_char("java/lang/ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException"));
+       loader_load_sysclass(&class_java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException,
+                                                utf_new_char("java/lang/NegativeArraySizeException"));
+       loader_load_sysclass(&class_java_lang_OutOfMemoryError,
+                                                utf_new_char("java/lang/OutOfMemoryError"));
+       loader_load_sysclass(&class_java_lang_ArrayStoreException,
+                                                utf_new_char("java/lang/ArrayStoreException"));
+       loader_load_sysclass(&class_java_lang_ArithmeticException,
+                                                utf_new_char("java/lang/ArithmeticException"));
+       loader_load_sysclass(&class_java_lang_ThreadDeath,
+                                                utf_new_char("java/lang/ThreadDeath"));
+}
+
+
+/*************** function: create_system_exception_classes *******************************
+
+       create system exception proto classes needed by default 
+
+********************************************************************************/
+
+static void create_system_exception_proto_classes()
+{
+
+       if (verbose) log_text("loader_init: creating global proto_java_lang_ClassCastException");
+       proto_java_lang_ClassCastException =
+               builtin_new(class_java_lang_ClassCastException);
+
+       if (verbose) log_text("loader_init: proto_java_lang_ClassCastException has been initialized");
+
+       proto_java_lang_NullPointerException =
+               builtin_new(class_java_lang_NullPointerException);
+       if (verbose) log_text("loader_init: proto_java_lang_NullPointerException has been initialized");
+
+       proto_java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException =
+               builtin_new(class_java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException);
+
+       proto_java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException =
+               builtin_new(class_java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException);
+
+       proto_java_lang_OutOfMemoryError =
+               builtin_new(class_java_lang_OutOfMemoryError);
+
+       proto_java_lang_ArithmeticException =
+               builtin_new(class_java_lang_ArithmeticException);
+
+       proto_java_lang_ArrayStoreException =
+               builtin_new(class_java_lang_ArrayStoreException);
+
+       proto_java_lang_ThreadDeath =
+               builtin_new(class_java_lang_ThreadDeath);
+
+
+}
+
+
+
 /*************** function: create_pseudo_classes *******************************
 
        create pseudo classes used by the typechecker
 
 ********************************************************************************/
 
-static void
-create_pseudo_classes()
+static void create_pseudo_classes()
 {
     /* pseudo class for Arraystubs (extends java.lang.Object) */
     
-    pseudo_class_Arraystub = class_new( utf_new_char("$ARRAYSTUB$") );
-    list_remove(&unloadedclasses,pseudo_class_Arraystub);
+    pseudo_class_Arraystub = class_new(utf_new_char("$ARRAYSTUB$"));
+    list_remove(&unloadedclasses, pseudo_class_Arraystub);
 
     pseudo_class_Arraystub->super = class_java_lang_Object;
     pseudo_class_Arraystub->interfacescount = 2;
-    pseudo_class_Arraystub->interfaces = MNEW(classinfo*,2);
-    pseudo_class_Arraystub->interfaces[0] =
-        class_java_lang_Cloneable;
-    pseudo_class_Arraystub->interfaces[1] =
-        class_java_io_Serializable;
+    pseudo_class_Arraystub->interfaces = MNEW(classinfo*, 2);
+    pseudo_class_Arraystub->interfaces[0] = class_java_lang_Cloneable;
+    pseudo_class_Arraystub->interfaces[1] = class_java_io_Serializable;
 
-    list_addlast(&unlinkedclasses,pseudo_class_Arraystub);
+    list_addlast(&unlinkedclasses, pseudo_class_Arraystub);
     class_link(pseudo_class_Arraystub);
 
        pseudo_class_Arraystub_vftbl = pseudo_class_Arraystub->vftbl;
 
     /* pseudo class representing the null type */
     
-    pseudo_class_Null = class_new( utf_new_char("$NULL$") );
-    list_remove(&unloadedclasses,pseudo_class_Null);
+    pseudo_class_Null = class_new(utf_new_char("$NULL$"));
+    list_remove(&unloadedclasses, pseudo_class_Null);
 
     pseudo_class_Null->super = class_java_lang_Object;
 
-    list_addlast(&unlinkedclasses,pseudo_class_Null);
+    list_addlast(&unlinkedclasses, pseudo_class_Null);
     class_link(pseudo_class_Null);     
 
     /* pseudo class representing new uninitialized objects */
     
-    pseudo_class_New = class_new( utf_new_char("$NEW$") );
-    list_remove(&unloadedclasses,pseudo_class_New);
+    pseudo_class_New = class_new(utf_new_char("$NEW$"));
+    list_remove(&unloadedclasses, pseudo_class_New);
 
     pseudo_class_New->super = class_java_lang_Object;
 
-    list_addlast(&unlinkedclasses,pseudo_class_New);
+    list_addlast(&unlinkedclasses, pseudo_class_New);
     class_link(pseudo_class_New);      
 }
 
+
 /********************** Function: loader_init **********************************
 
        Initializes all lists and loads all classes required for the system or the
@@ -3080,152 +3969,111 @@ create_pseudo_classes()
 
 *******************************************************************************/
  
-void loader_init (u1 * stackbottom)
+void loader_init(u1 *stackbottom)
 {
        interfaceindex = 0;
        
-       
-       log_text("Entering loader_init");
-                               
-       
-       list_init (&unloadedclasses, OFFSET(classinfo, listnode) );
-       list_init (&unlinkedclasses, OFFSET(classinfo, listnode) );
-       list_init (&linkedclasses, OFFSET(classinfo, listnode) );
+       list_init(&unloadedclasses, OFFSET(classinfo, listnode));
+       list_init(&unlinkedclasses, OFFSET(classinfo, listnode));
+       list_init(&linkedclasses, OFFSET(classinfo, listnode));
 
        /* create utf-symbols for pointer comparison of frequently used strings */
        utf_innerclasses    = utf_new_char("InnerClasses");
        utf_constantvalue   = utf_new_char("ConstantValue");
        utf_code                = utf_new_char("Code");
+       utf_exceptions          = utf_new_char("Exceptions");
+       utf_linenumbertable     = utf_new_char("LineNumberTable");
+       utf_sourcefile          = utf_new_char("SourceFile");
        utf_finalize        = utf_new_char("finalize");
        utf_fidesc              = utf_new_char("()V");
+       utf_init                = utf_new_char("<init>");
        utf_clinit              = utf_new_char("<clinit>");
        utf_initsystemclass = utf_new_char("initializeSystemClass");
        utf_systemclass     = utf_new_char("java/lang/System");
-       utf_vmclassloader =utf_new_char("java/lang/VMClassLoader");
-       utf_initialize =utf_new_char("initialize");
-       utf_initializedesc =utf_new_char("(I)V");
-
-       utf_vmclass =utf_new_char("java/lang/VMClass");
-
-        /* create some important classes */
-        /* These classes have to be created now because the classinfo
-         * pointers are used in the loading code.
-         */
-        class_java_lang_Object = class_new( utf_new_char ("java/lang/Object") );
-        class_java_lang_String = class_new( utf_new_char("java/lang/String") );
-        class_java_lang_Cloneable = class_new( utf_new_char ("java/lang/Cloneable") );
-        class_java_io_Serializable = class_new( utf_new_char ("java/io/Serializable") );
-
-        log_text("loader_init: java/lang/Object");
-        /* load the classes which were created above */
-        loader_load (class_java_lang_Object->name);
-
-        loader_inited=1; /*JOWENN*/
-
-        class_java_lang_Throwable =
-                loader_load( utf_new_char("java/lang/Throwable") );
-
-        log_text("loader_init:  loader_load: java/lang/ClassCastException");
-        class_java_lang_ClassCastException =
-                loader_load ( utf_new_char ("java/lang/ClassCastException") );
-        class_java_lang_NullPointerException =
-                loader_load ( utf_new_char ("java/lang/NullPointerException") );
-        class_java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException = loader_load (
-             utf_new_char ("java/lang/ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException") );
-        class_java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException = loader_load (
-             utf_new_char ("java/lang/NegativeArraySizeException") );
-        class_java_lang_OutOfMemoryError = loader_load (
-             utf_new_char ("java/lang/OutOfMemoryError") );
-        class_java_lang_ArrayStoreException =
-                loader_load ( utf_new_char ("java/lang/ArrayStoreException") );
-        class_java_lang_ArithmeticException =
-                loader_load ( utf_new_char ("java/lang/ArithmeticException") );
-        class_java_lang_ThreadDeath =                             /* schani */
-                loader_load ( utf_new_char ("java/lang/ThreadDeath") );
-        /* create classes representing primitive types */
-        create_primitive_classes();
-
-        /* create classes used by the typechecker */
-        create_pseudo_classes();
-
-        /* correct vftbl-entries (retarded loading of class java/lang/String) */
-        stringtable_update();
-#ifdef USE_THREADS
-        if (stackbottom!=0)
-                initLocks();
-#endif
-
+       utf_vmclassloader   = utf_new_char("java/lang/VMClassLoader");
+       utf_initialize      = utf_new_char("initialize");
+       utf_initializedesc  = utf_new_char("(I)V");
 
+       utf_vmclass         = utf_new_char("java/lang/VMClass");
+       utf_java_lang_Object= utf_new_char("java/lang/Object");
 
-        log_text("loader_init: creating global proto_java_lang_ClassCastException");
-        proto_java_lang_ClassCastException =
-                builtin_new(class_java_lang_ClassCastException);
-        heap_addreference ( (void**) &proto_java_lang_ClassCastException);
+       array_packagename   = utf_new_char("<the array package>");
 
-        log_text("loader_init: proto_java_lang_ClassCastException has been initialized");
+       /* create some important classes */
+       /* These classes have to be created now because the classinfo
+        * pointers are used in the loading code.
+        */
+       class_java_lang_Object = class_new(utf_new_char("java/lang/Object"));
+       class_java_lang_String = class_new(utf_new_char("java/lang/String"));
+       class_java_lang_Cloneable = class_new(utf_new_char("java/lang/Cloneable"));
+       class_java_io_Serializable = class_new(utf_new_char("java/io/Serializable"));
 
-        proto_java_lang_NullPointerException =
-               builtin_new(class_java_lang_NullPointerException);
-        heap_addreference ( (void**) &proto_java_lang_NullPointerException);
-        log_text("loader_init: proto_java_lang_NullPointerException has been initialized");
+       if (verbose) log_text("loader_init: java/lang/Object");
+       /* load the classes which were created above */
+       loader_load_sysclass(NULL, class_java_lang_Object->name);
 
-        proto_java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException =
-                builtin_new(class_java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException);
-        heap_addreference ( (void**) &proto_java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException);
+       loader_inited = 1; /*JOWENN*/
 
-        proto_java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException =
-                builtin_new(class_java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException);
-        heap_addreference ( (void**) &proto_java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException);
+       loader_load_sysclass(&class_java_lang_Throwable,
+                                                utf_new_char("java/lang/Throwable"));
 
-        proto_java_lang_OutOfMemoryError =
-                builtin_new(class_java_lang_OutOfMemoryError);
-        heap_addreference ( (void**) &proto_java_lang_OutOfMemoryError);
+        create_system_exception_classes();
 
-        proto_java_lang_ArithmeticException =
-               builtin_new(class_java_lang_ArithmeticException);
-        heap_addreference ( (void**) &proto_java_lang_ArithmeticException);
+       /* create classes representing primitive types */
+       create_primitive_classes();
 
-        proto_java_lang_ArrayStoreException =
-                builtin_new(class_java_lang_ArrayStoreException);
-        heap_addreference ( (void**) &proto_java_lang_ArrayStoreException);
+       /* create classes used by the typechecker */
+       create_pseudo_classes();
 
-        proto_java_lang_ThreadDeath =                             /* schani */
-                builtin_new(class_java_lang_ThreadDeath);
-        heap_addreference ( (void**) &proto_java_lang_ThreadDeath);
+       /* correct vftbl-entries (retarded loading of class java/lang/String) */
+       stringtable_update();
 
-        loader_inited = 1;
+#if defined(USE_THREADS)
+       if (stackbottom!=0)
+               initLocks();
+#endif
+        create_system_exception_proto_classes();
 
+       loader_inited = 1;
 }
 
 
-
-
 /********************* Function: loader_initclasses ****************************
 
        Initializes all loaded but uninitialized classes
 
 *******************************************************************************/
 
+#if 0
+/* XXX TWISTI: i think we do not need this */
 void loader_initclasses ()
 {
        classinfo *c;
        
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       pthread_mutex_lock(&compiler_mutex);
+#endif
+
        intsDisable();                     /* schani */
 
        if (makeinitializations) {
-               c = list_first (&linkedclasses);
+               c = list_first(&linkedclasses);
                while (c) {
-                       class_init (c);
-                       c = list_next (&linkedclasses, c);
-                       }
+                       class_init(c);
+                       c = list_next(&linkedclasses, c);
                }
+       }
 
        intsRestore();                      /* schani */
+       
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       pthread_mutex_unlock(&compiler_mutex);
+#endif
 }
+#endif
 
-static s4 classvalue;
 
-static void loader_compute_class_values (classinfo *c)
+static void loader_compute_class_values(classinfo *c)
 {
        classinfo *subs;
 
@@ -3235,10 +4083,10 @@ static void loader_compute_class_values (classinfo *c)
        while (subs != NULL) {
                loader_compute_class_values(subs);
                subs = subs->nextsub;
-               }
+       }
        c->vftbl->diffval = classvalue - c->vftbl->baseval;
        
-       /*
+/*     
        {
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < c->index; i++)
@@ -3247,42 +4095,51 @@ static void loader_compute_class_values (classinfo *c)
        utf_display(c->name);
        printf("\n");
        }
-       */
-       
+*/     
 }
 
 
-void loader_compute_subclasses ()
+void loader_compute_subclasses()
 {
        classinfo *c;
        
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
        intsDisable();                     /* schani */
+#endif
 
-       c = list_first (&linkedclasses);
+       c = list_first(&linkedclasses);
        while (c) {
                if (!(c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE)) {
                        c->nextsub = 0;
                        c->sub = 0;
-                       }
-               c = list_next (&linkedclasses, c);
                }
+               c = list_next(&linkedclasses, c);
+       }
 
-       c = list_first (&linkedclasses);
+       c = list_first(&linkedclasses);
        while (c) {
                if (!(c->flags & ACC_INTERFACE) && (c->super != NULL)) {
                        c->nextsub = c->super->sub;
                        c->super->sub = c;
-                       }
-               c = list_next (&linkedclasses, c);
                }
+               c = list_next(&linkedclasses, c);
+       }
+
        classvalue = 0;
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       cast_lock();
+#endif
        loader_compute_class_values(class_java_lang_Object);
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
+       cast_unlock();
+#endif
 
+#if defined(USE_THREADS) && !defined(NATIVE_THREADS)
        intsRestore();                      /* schani */
+#endif
 }
 
 
-
 /******************** function classloader_buffer ******************************
  
     sets buffer for reading classdata
@@ -3291,9 +4148,9 @@ void loader_compute_subclasses ()
 
 void classload_buffer(u1 *buf, int len)
 {
-       classbuffer        =  buf;
-       classbuffer_size   =  len;
-       classbuf_pos       =  buf - 1;
+       classbuffer      = buf;
+       classbuffer_size = len;
+       classbuf_pos     = buf - 1;
 }
 
 
@@ -3303,22 +4160,22 @@ void classload_buffer(u1 *buf, int len)
        
 *******************************************************************************/
 
-void loader_close ()
+void loader_close()
 {
        classinfo *c;
 
-       while ( (c=list_first(&unloadedclasses)) ) {
-               list_remove (&unloadedclasses,c);
-               class_free (c);
-               }
-       while ( (c=list_first(&unlinkedclasses)) ) {
-               list_remove (&unlinkedclasses,c);
-               class_free (c);
-               }
-       while ( (c=list_first(&linkedclasses)) ) {
-               list_remove (&linkedclasses,c);
-               class_free (c);
-               }
+       while ((c = list_first(&unloadedclasses))) {
+               list_remove(&unloadedclasses, c);
+/*             class_free(c); */
+       }
+       while ((c = list_first(&unlinkedclasses))) {
+               list_remove(&unlinkedclasses, c);
+/*             class_free(c); */
+       }
+       while ((c = list_first(&linkedclasses))) {
+               list_remove(&linkedclasses, c);
+/*             class_free(c); */
+       }
 }