This is Mono.
-1. Installation
-2. Using Mono
-3. Directory Roadmap
+ 1. Installation
+ 2. Using Mono
+ 3. Directory Roadmap
1. Compilation and Installation
===============================
a. Build Requirements
---------------------
- To build Mono, you will need the following components:
-
- * pkg-config
+ On Itanium, you must obtain libunwind:
- Available from: http://www.freedesktop.org/Software/pkgconfig
+ http://www.hpl.hp.com/research/linux/libunwind/download.php4
- * glib 2.0
+ On Solaris, make sure that you used GNU tar to unpack this package, as
+ Solaris tar will not unpack this correctly, and you will get strange errors.
- Available from: http://www.gtk.org/
+ On Solaris, make sure that you use the GNU toolchain to build the software.
Optional dependencies:
- * ICU library
+ * libgdiplus
- http://oss.software.ibm.com/icu/index.html
+ If you want to get support for System.Drawing, you will need to get
+ Libgdiplus. This library in turn requires glib and pkg-config:
- You will need this one to get complete support for the international
- features of the .NET Framework.
+ * pkg-config
- * Cairo and libgdiplus
+ Available from: http://www.freedesktop.org/Software/pkgconfig
- If you want to get support for System.Drawing, you will need to get
- both Libgdiplus and Cairo.
+ * glib 2.4
+
+ Available from: http://www.gtk.org/
+
+ * libzlib
+
+ This library and the development headers are required for compression
+ file support in the 2.0 profile.
b. Building the Software
------------------------
make
make install
- Mono supports a JIT engine on x86, SPARC and PowerPC systems.
- The various commands that ship with Mono default to the JIT engine
- on x86 and SPARC, to turn it on for PPC systems, use the --with-jit=yes
- command line option to configure.
-
- MacOS X Users: you will need to download the latest Boehm GC
- Alpha release for garbage collection to work properly.
+ Mono supports a JIT engine on x86, SPARC, SPARCv9, S/390,
+ S/390x, AMD64, ARM and PowerPC systems.
If you obtained this as a snapshot, you will need an existing
Mono installation. To upgrade your installation, unpack both
./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr/local
make
- c. Building the software from CVS
- ---------------------------------
-
- If you are building the software from CVS, make sure that you
- have up-to-date mcs and mono sources:
-
- svn co svn+ssh://USER@mono-cvs.ximian.com/source/trunk/mono
- svn co svn+ssh://USER@mono-cvs.ximian.com/source/trunk/mcs
+ The Mono build system is silent for most compilation commands.
+ To enable a more verbose compile (for example, to pinpoint
+ problems in your makefiles or your system) pass the V=1 flag to make, like this:
- Then, go into the mono directory, and configure:
+ make V=1
- cd mono
- ./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr/local
- Depending on whether you have an existing Mono installation or
- not, you can try the following:
+ c. Building the software from GIT
+ ---------------------------------
- i. If you have an existing Mono installation
- -----------------------------------------
+ If you are building the software from GIT, make sure that you
+ have up-to-date mcs and mono sources:
- First verify that you have a working installation:
+ If you are an anonymous user:
+ git clone git://github.com/mono/mono.git
- echo 'class X { static void Main () { System.Console.Write("OK");}}' > x.cs
+ If you are a Mono contributors with read/write privileges:
+ git clone git@github.com:mono/mono.git
- Compile:
- mcs x.cs
+ Then, go into the mono directory, and configure:
- And run:
+ cd mono
+ ./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr/local
+ make
- mono x.exe
+ For people with non-standard installations of the auto* utils and of
+ pkg-config (common on misconfigured OSX and windows boxes), you could get
+ an error like this:
- If you get the output `OK' and no errors, and you have mono
- version 0.31 or later, continue. Otherwise, you can try option
- (ii) below.
+ ./configure: line 19176: syntax error near unexpected token `PKG_CHECK_MODULES(BASE_DEPENDENCIES,' ...
- You are ready to start your CVS upgrade. Compile with
+ This means that you need to set the ACLOCAL_FLAGS environment var
+ when invoking autogen.sh, like this:
- make
+ ACLOCAL_FLAGS="-I $acprefix/share/aclocal" ./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr/loca
+
+ where $acprefix is the prefix where aclocal has been installed.
This will automatically go into the mcs/ tree and build the
- binaries there, and copy them into the appropriate
- sub-directories of mono/runtime/.
+ binaries there.
- Now, go to step (iii) below.
+ This assumes that you have a working mono installation, and that
+ there's a C# compiler named 'mcs', and a corresponding IL
+ runtime called 'mono'. You can use two make variables
+ EXTERNAL_MCS and EXTERNAL_RUNTIME to override these. e.g., you
+ can say
- ii. If you don't have a working Mono installation
- ---------------------------------------------
+ make EXTERNAL_MCS=/foo/bar/mcs EXTERNAL_RUNTIME=/somewhere/else/mono
+
+ If you don't have a working Mono installation
+ ---------------------------------------------
If you don't have a working Mono installation, an obvious choice
is to install the latest released packages of 'mono' for your
- distribution and go back to step (i).
+ distribution and running autogen.sh; make; make install in the
+ mono module directory.
- You can also try a slightly more risky approach that should work
- almost all the time.
+ You can also try a slightly more risky approach: this may not work,
+ so start from the released tarball as detailed above.
This works by first getting the latest version of the 'monolite'
distribution, which contains just enough to run the 'mcs'
- compiler. You do this by
+ compiler. You do this with:
+ # Run the following line after ./autogen.sh
make get-monolite-latest
- This should place a monolite-latest.tar.gz in the parent
- directory of the 'mono' source tree. This will automatically
- gunzip and untar the tarball, place the files appropriately,
+ This will download and automatically gunzip and untar the
+ tarball, and place the files appropriately so that you can then
+ just run:
- You can then run:
+ make EXTERNAL_MCS=${PWD}/mcs/class/lib/monolite/gmcs.exe
- make
+ And that will use the files downloaded by 'make get-monolite-latest.
+
+ Testing and Installation
+ ------------------------
- iii. Testing and Installation
- ------------------------
+ You can run (part of) the mono and mcs testsuites with the command:
- You can run the mono and mcs testsuites with the command:
+ make check
+
+ All tests should pass.
+
+ If you want more extensive tests, including those that test the
+ class libraries, you need to re-run 'configure' with the
+ '--enable-nunit-tests' flag, and try
make -k check
- Expect to find several testsuite failures, especially in the
- mcs/ tree. As a sanity check, you can compare the failures you
- got with
+ Expect to find a few testsuite failures. As a sanity check, you
+ can compare the failures you got with
http://go-mono.com/tests/displayTestResults.php
- You can now install it:
+ You can now install mono with:
make install
- Failure to follow these steps will result in a broken installation.
+ You can verify your installation by using the mono-test-install
+ script, it can diagnose some common problems with Mono's install.
+
+ Failure to follow these steps may result in a broken installation.
+
+ d. Configuration Options
+ ------------------------
+
+ The following are the configuration options that someone
+ building Mono might want to use:
+
+ --with-sgen=yes,no
+
+ Generational GC support: Used to enable or disable the
+ compilation of a Mono runtime with the SGen garbage collector.
+
+ On platforms that support it, after building Mono, you
+ will have both a mono binary and a mono-sgen binary.
+ Mono uses Boehm, while mono-sgen uses the Simple
+ Generational GC.
+
+ --with-gc=[boehm, included, sgen, none]
+
+ Selects the default Boehm garbage collector engine to
+ use, the default is the "included" value.
+
+ included:
+ This is the default value, and its
+ the most feature complete, it will allow Mono
+ to use typed allocations and support the
+ debugger.
+
+ It is essentially a slightly modified Boehm GC
+
+ boehm:
+ This is used to use a system-install Boehm GC,
+ it is useful to test new features available in
+ Boehm GC, but we do not recommend that people
+ use this, as it disables a few features.
+
+ none:
+ Disables the inclusion of a garbage
+ collector.
+
+ --with-tls=__thread,pthread
+
+ Controls how Mono should access thread local storage,
+ pthread forces Mono to use the pthread APIs, while
+ __thread uses compiler-optimized access to it.
+
+ Although __thread is faster, it requires support from
+ the compiler, kernel and libc. Old Linux systems do
+ not support with __thread.
+
+ This value is typically pre-configured and there is no
+ need to set it, unless you are trying to debug a
+ problem.
+
+ --with-sigaltstack=yes,no
+
+ Experimental: Use at your own risk, it is known to
+ cause problems with garbage collection and is hard to
+ reproduce those bugs.
+
+ This controls whether Mono will install a special
+ signal handler to handle stack overflows. If set to
+ "yes", it will turn stack overflows into the
+ StackOverflowException. Otherwise when a stack
+ overflow happens, your program will receive a
+ segmentation fault.
+
+ The configure script will try to detect if your
+ operating system supports this. Some older Linux
+ systems do not support this feature, or you might want
+ to override the auto-detection.
+
+ --with-static_mono=yes,no
+
+ This controls whether `mono' should link against a
+ static library (libmono.a) or a shared library
+ (libmono.so).
+
+ This defaults to yes, and will improve the performance
+ of the `mono' program.
+
+ This only affects the `mono' binary, the shared
+ library libmono.so will always be produced for
+ developers that want to embed the runtime in their
+ application.
+
+ --with-xen-opt=yes,no
+
+ The default value for this is `yes', and it makes Mono
+ generate code which might be slightly slower on
+ average systems, but the resulting executable will run
+ faster under the Xen virtualization system.
+
+ --with-large-heap=yes,no
+
+ Enable support for GC heaps larger than 3GB.
+
+ This value is set to `no' by default.
+
+ --enable-small-config=yes,no
+
+ Enable some tweaks to reduce memory usage and disk footprint at
+ the expense of some capabilities. Typically this means that the
+ number of threads that can be created is limited (256), that the
+ maxmimum heap size is also reduced (256 MB) and other such limitations
+ that still make mono useful, but more suitable to embedded devices
+ (like mobile phones).
+
+ This value is set to `no' by default.
+
+ --with-ikvm-native=yes,no
+
+ Controls whether the IKVM JNI interface library is
+ built or not. This is used if you are planning on
+ using the IKVM Java Virtual machine with Mono.
+
+ This defaults to `yes'.
+
+ --with-profile4=yes,no
+
+ Whether you want to build the 4.x profile libraries
+ and runtime.
+
+ It defaults to `yes'.
+
+ --with-moonlight=yes,no
+
+ Whether you want to generate the Silverlight/Moonlight
+ libraries and toolchain in addition to the default
+ (1.1 and 2.0 APIs).
+
+ This will produce the `smcs' compiler which will reference
+ the Silverlight modified assemblies (mscorlib.dll,
+ System.dll, System.Code.dll and System.Xml.Core.dll) and turn
+ on the LINQ extensions for the compiler.
+
+ --with-moon-gc=boehm,sgen
+
+ Select the GC to use for Moonlight.
+
+ boehm:
+ Selects the Boehm Garbage Collector, with the same flags
+ as the regular Mono build. This is the default.
+
+ sgen:
+ Selects the new SGen Garbage Collector, which provides
+ Generational GC support, using the same flags as the
+ mono-sgen build.
+
+ This defaults to `boehm'.
+
+ --with-libgdiplus=installed,sibling,<path>
+
+ This is used to configure where should Mono look for
+ libgdiplus when running the System.Drawing tests.
+
+ It defaults to `installed', which means that the
+ library is available to Mono through the regular
+ system setup.
+
+ `sibling' can be used to specify that a libgdiplus
+ that resides as a sibling of this directory (mono)
+ should be used.
+
+ Or you can specify a path to a libgdiplus.
+
+ --disable-shared-memory
+
+ Use this option to disable the use of shared memory in
+ Mono (this is equivalent to setting the MONO_DISABLE_SHM
+ environment variable, although this removes the feature
+ completely).
+
+ Disabling the shared memory support will disable certain
+ features like cross-process named mutexes.
+
+ --enable-minimal=LIST
+
+ Use this feature to specify optional runtime
+ components that you might not want to include. This
+ is only useful for developers embedding Mono that
+ require a subset of Mono functionality.
+
+ The list is a comma-separated list of components that
+ should be removed, these are:
+
+ aot:
+ Disables support for the Ahead of Time
+ compilation.
+
+ attach:
+ Support for the Mono.Management assembly and the
+ VMAttach API (allowing code to be injected into
+ a target VM)
+
+ com:
+ Disables COM support.
+
+ debug:
+ Drop debugging support.
+
+ decimal:
+ Disables support for System.Decimal.
+
+ full_messages:
+ By default Mono comes with a full table
+ of messages for error codes. This feature
+ turns off uncommon error messages and reduces
+ the runtime size.
+
+ generics:
+ Generics support. Disabling this will not
+ allow Mono to run any 2.0 libraries or
+ code that contains generics.
+
+ jit:
+ Removes the JIT engine from the build, this reduces
+ the executable size, and requires that all code
+ executed by the virtual machine be compiled with
+ Full AOT before execution.
+
+ large_code:
+ Disables support for large assemblies.
+
+ logging:
+ Disables support for debug logging.
+
+ pinvoke:
+ Support for Platform Invocation services,
+ disabling this will drop support for any
+ libraries using DllImport.
+
+ portability:
+ Removes support for MONO_IOMAP, the environment
+ variables for simplifying porting applications that
+ are case-insensitive and that mix the Unix and Windows path separators.
+
+ profiler:
+ Disables support for the default profiler.
+
+ reflection_emit:
+ Drop System.Reflection.Emit support
+
+ reflection_emit_save:
+ Drop support for saving dynamically created
+ assemblies (AssemblyBuilderAccess.Save) in
+ System.Reflection.Emit.
+
+ shadow_copy:
+ Disables support for AppDomain's shadow copies
+ (you can disable this if you do not plan on
+ using appdomains).
+
+ simd:
+ Disables support for the Mono.SIMD intrinsics
+ library.
+
+ ssa:
+ Disables compilation for the SSA optimization
+ framework, and the various SSA-based
+ optimizations.
+
+ --enable-llvm
+ --enable-loadedllvm
+
+ This enables the use of LLVM as a code generation engine
+ for Mono. The LLVM code generator and optimizer will be
+ used instead of Mono's built-in code generator for both
+ Just in Time and Ahead of Time compilations.
+
+ See the http://www.mono-project.com/Mono_LLVM for the
+ full details and up-to-date information on this feature.
+
+ You will need to have an LLVM built that Mono can link
+ against,
+
+ The --enable-loadedllvm variant will make the llvm backend
+ into a runtime-loadable module instead of linking it directly
+ into the main mono binary.
+
+ --enable-big-arrays
+
+ This enables the use arrays whose indexes are larger
+ than Int32.MaxValue.
+
+ By default Mono has the same limitation as .NET on
+ Win32 and Win64 and limits array indexes to 32-bit
+ values (even on 64-bit systems).
+
+ In certain scenarios where large arrays are required,
+ you can pass this flag and Mono will be built to
+ support 64-bit arrays.
+
+ This is not the default as it breaks the C embedding
+ ABI that we have exposed through the Mono development
+ cycle.
+
+ --enable-parallel-mark
+
+ Use this option to enable the garbage collector to use
+ multiple CPUs to do its work. This helps performance
+ on multi-CPU machines as the work is divided across CPUS.
+
+ This option is not currently the default as we have
+ not done much testing with Mono.
+
+ --enable-dtrace
+
+ On Solaris and MacOS X builds a version of the Mono
+ runtime that contains DTrace probes and can
+ participate in the system profiling using DTrace.
+
+
+ --disable-dev-random
+
+ Mono uses /dev/random to obtain good random data for
+ any source that requires random numbers. If your
+ system does not support this, you might want to
+ disable it.
+
+ There are a number of runtime options to control this
+ also, see the man page.
+
+ --enable-nacl
+
+ This configures the Mono compiler to generate code
+ suitable to be used by Google's Native Client:
+
+ http://code.google.com/p/nativeclient/
+
+ Currently this is used with Mono's AOT engine as
+ Native Client does not support JIT engines yet.
2. Using Mono
=============
* runtime engine
mono program.exe
- or
- mint program.exe
* C# compiler
3. Directory Roadmap
====================
- doc/
- Contains the web site contents.
-
docs/
Technical documents about the Mono runtime.
metadata/
The object system and metadata reader.
- jit/
+ mini/
The Just in Time Compiler.
dis/
definition of the CIL bytecodes.
interp/
- Interpreter for CLI executables.
+ Interpreter for CLI executables (obsolete).
arch/
Architecture specific portions.
Manual pages for the various Mono commands and programs.
+ samples/
+
+ Some simple sample programs on uses of the Mono
+ runtime as an embedded library.
+
scripts/
Scripts used to invoke Mono and the corresponding program.
runtime/
- A directory holding a pre-compiled version of the Mono
- runtime.
+ A directory that contains the Makefiles that link the
+ mono/ and mcs/ build systems.
+
+ ../olive/
+
+ If the directory ../olive is present (as an
+ independent checkout) from the Mono module, that
+ directory is automatically configured to share the
+ same prefix than this module gets.
projects / mono.git / blobdiff