%{
//
// cs-parser.jay: The Parser for the C# compiler
//
// Authors: Miguel de Icaza (miguel@gnu.org)
//          Ravi Pratap     (ravi@ximian.com)
//
// Licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL
//
// (C) 2001 Ximian, Inc (http://www.ximian.com)
//
// TODO:
//   (1) Figure out why error productions dont work.  `type-declaration' is a
//       great spot to put an `error' because you can reproduce it with this input:
//	 "public X { }"
//
// Possible optimization:
//   Run memory profiler with parsing only, and consider dropping 
//   arraylists where not needed.   Some pieces can use linked lists.
//
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System;

namespace Mono.CSharp
{
	using System.Collections;

	/// <summary>
	///    The C# Parser
	/// </summary>
	public class CSharpParser {
		NamespaceEntry  current_namespace;
		TypeContainer   current_container;
	
		IIteratorContainer iterator_container;

		/// <summary>
		///   Current block is used to add statements as we find
		///   them.  
		/// </summary>

		Block      current_block;

		/// <summary>
                ///   If true, creates a toplevel block in the block production
                ///   This is flagged by the delegate creation
                /// </summary>
                bool       create_toplevel_block;

                /// <summary>
		/// <summary>
		///   Current interface is used by the various declaration
		///   productions in the interface declaration to "add"
		///   the interfaces as we find them.
		/// </summary>
		Interface  current_interface;

		Delegate   current_delegate;

		/// <summary>
		///   This is used by the unary_expression code to resolve
		///   a name against a parameter.  
		/// </summary>
		Parameters current_local_parameters;

		/// <summary>
		///   Using during property parsing to describe the implicit
		///   value parameter that is passed to the "set" and "get"accesor
		///   methods (properties and indexers).
		/// </summary>
		Expression implicit_value_parameter_type;
		Parameters indexer_parameters;

		/// <summary>
		///   Used to determine if we are parsing the get/set pair
		///   of an indexer or a property
		/// </summmary>
		bool  parsing_indexer;

		///
		/// An out-of-band stack.
		///
		Stack oob_stack;

		///
		/// Switch stack.
		///
		Stack switch_stack;

		public bool yacc_verbose_flag;

		// Name of the file we are parsing
		public string name;

		///
		/// The current file.
		///
		SourceFile file;
%}

%token EOF
%token NONE   /* This token is never returned by our lexer */
%token ERROR		// This is used not by the parser, but by the tokenizer.
			// do not remove.

/*
 *These are the C# keywords
 */
%token FIRST_KEYWORD
%token ABSTRACT	
%token AS
%token ADD
%token ASSEMBLY
%token BASE	
%token BOOL	
%token BREAK	
%token BYTE	
%token CASE	
%token CATCH	
%token CHAR	
%token CHECKED	
%token CLASS	
%token CONST	
%token CONTINUE	
%token DECIMAL	
%token DEFAULT	
%token DELEGATE	
%token DO	
%token DOUBLE	
%token ELSE	
%token ENUM	
%token EVENT	
%token EXPLICIT	
%token EXTERN	
%token FALSE	
%token FINALLY	
%token FIXED	
%token FLOAT	
%token FOR	
%token FOREACH	
%token GOTO	
%token IF	
%token IMPLICIT	
%token IN	
%token INT	
%token INTERFACE
%token INTERNAL	
%token IS	
%token LOCK	
%token LONG	
%token NAMESPACE
%token NEW	
%token NULL	
%token OBJECT	
%token OPERATOR	
%token OUT	
%token OVERRIDE	
%token PARAMS	
%token PRIVATE	
%token PROTECTED
%token PUBLIC	
%token READONLY	
%token REF	
%token RETURN	
%token REMOVE
%token SBYTE	
%token SEALED	
%token SHORT	
%token SIZEOF	
%token STACKALLOC
%token STATIC	
%token STRING	
%token STRUCT	
%token SWITCH	
%token THIS	
%token THROW	
%token TRUE	
%token TRY	
%token TYPEOF	
%token UINT	
%token ULONG	
%token UNCHECKED
%token UNSAFE	
%token USHORT	
%token USING	
%token VIRTUAL	
%token VOID	
%token VOLATILE
%token WHERE
%token WHILE	

/* C# keywords which are not really keywords */
%token GET           "get"
%token SET           "set"

%left LAST_KEYWORD

/* C# single character operators/punctuation. */
%token OPEN_BRACE    "{"
%token CLOSE_BRACE   "}"
%token OPEN_BRACKET  "["
%token CLOSE_BRACKET "]"
%token OPEN_PARENS   "("
%token CLOSE_PARENS  ")"
%token DOT           "."
%token COMMA         ","
%token COLON         ":"
%token SEMICOLON     ";"
%token TILDE         "~"

%token PLUS           "+"
%token MINUS          "-"
%token BANG           "!"
%token ASSIGN         "="
%token OP_LT          "<"
%token OP_GENERICS_LT "<"
%token OP_GT          ">"
%token OP_GENERICS_GT ">"
%token BITWISE_AND    "&"
%token BITWISE_OR     "|"
%token STAR           "*"
%token PERCENT        "%"
%token DIV            "/"
%token CARRET         "^"
%token INTERR         "?"

/* C# multi-character operators. */
%token OP_INC                 "++"
%token OP_DEC                 "--"
%token OP_SHIFT_LEFT          "<<"
%token OP_SHIFT_RIGHT         ">>"
%token OP_LE                  "<="
%token OP_GE                  ">="
%token OP_EQ                  "=="
%token OP_NE                  "!="
%token OP_AND                 "&&"
%token OP_OR                  "||"
%token OP_MULT_ASSIGN         "*="
%token OP_DIV_ASSIGN          "/="
%token OP_MOD_ASSIGN          "%="
%token OP_ADD_ASSIGN          "+="
%token OP_SUB_ASSIGN          "-="
%token OP_SHIFT_LEFT_ASSIGN   "<<="
%token OP_SHIFT_RIGHT_ASSIGN  ">>="
%token OP_AND_ASSIGN          "&="
%token OP_XOR_ASSIGN          "^="
%token OP_OR_ASSIGN           "|="
%token OP_PTR                 "->"

/* Numbers */
%token LITERAL_INTEGER           "int literal"
%token LITERAL_FLOAT             "float literal"
%token LITERAL_DOUBLE            "double literal"
%token LITERAL_DECIMAL           "decimal literal"
%token LITERAL_CHARACTER         "character literal"
%token LITERAL_STRING            "string literal"

%token IDENTIFIER
%token CLOSE_PARENS_CAST
%token CLOSE_PARENS_NO_CAST
%token CLOSE_PARENS_OPEN_PARENS
%token CLOSE_PARENS_MINUS
%token DEFAULT_OPEN_PARENS

/* Add precedence rules to solve dangling else s/r conflict */
%nonassoc LOWPREC
%nonassoc IF
%nonassoc ELSE
%right ASSIGN
%left OP_OR
%left OP_AND
%left BITWISE_OR
%left BITWISE_AND
%left OP_SHIFT_LEFT OP_SHIFT_RIGHT
%left PLUS MINUS
%left STAR DIV PERCENT
%right BANG CARRET UMINUS
%nonassoc OP_INC OP_DEC
%left OPEN_PARENS
%left OPEN_BRACKET OPEN_BRACE
%left DOT
%nonassoc HIGHPREC

%start compilation_unit
%%

compilation_unit
        : outer_declarations opt_EOF
        | outer_declarations attribute_sections opt_EOF
        | attribute_sections opt_EOF
	| opt_EOF /* allow empty files */
        ;
	
opt_EOF
	: /* empty */
	| EOF
	;

outer_declarations
        : outer_declaration
        | outer_declarations outer_declaration
        ;
 
outer_declaration
        : using_directive
        | namespace_member_declaration
        ;
  
using_directives
	: using_directive 
	| using_directives using_directive
	;

using_directive
	: using_alias_directive
	| using_namespace_directive
	;

using_alias_directive
	: USING IDENTIFIER ASSIGN 
	  namespace_or_type_name SEMICOLON
	  {
		current_namespace.UsingAlias ((string) $2, (MemberName) $4, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| USING error {
		CheckIdentifierToken (yyToken);
	  }
	;

using_namespace_directive
	: USING namespace_name SEMICOLON 
	  {
		current_namespace.Using ((string) $2, lexer.Location);
          }
	;

//
// Strictly speaking, namespaces don't have attributes but
// we parse global attributes along with namespace declarations and then
// detach them
// 
namespace_declaration
	: opt_attributes NAMESPACE namespace_name
	{
		Attributes attrs = (Attributes) $1;

		if (attrs != null) {
			foreach (AttributeSection asec in attrs.AttributeSections)
				if (asec.Target == "assembly")
					CodeGen.Assembly.AddAttribute (current_container, asec);
				else
					Report.Error(1518, Lexer.Location,
					"Attributes cannot be applied to namespaces."
					+ " Expected class, delegate, enum, interface, or struct");
		}

		current_namespace = RootContext.Tree.RecordNamespace (current_namespace, file, (string) $3, lexer.Location);
	} 
	  namespace_body opt_semicolon
	  { 
		current_namespace = current_namespace.Parent;
	  }
	;

opt_semicolon
	: /* empty */
	| SEMICOLON
	;

opt_comma
	: /* empty */
	| COMMA
	;

namespace_name
	: namespace_or_type_name {
		MemberName name = (MemberName) $1;

		if (name.TypeArguments != null)
			syntax_error (lexer.Location, "namespace name expected");

		$$ = name.GetName ();
	  }
	;

namespace_body
	: OPEN_BRACE
	  opt_using_directives
	  opt_namespace_member_declarations
	  CLOSE_BRACE
	  {
	  }
	;

opt_using_directives
	: /* empty */
	| using_directives
	;

opt_namespace_member_declarations
	: /* empty */
	| namespace_member_declarations
	;

namespace_member_declarations
	: namespace_member_declaration
	| namespace_member_declarations namespace_member_declaration
	;

namespace_member_declaration
	: type_declaration
	  {
		string name = "";
		int mod_flags;

		if ($1 is Class){
			Class c = (Class) $1;
			mod_flags = c.ModFlags;
			name = c.Name;
		} else if ($1 is Struct){
			Struct s = (Struct) $1;
			mod_flags = s.ModFlags;
			name = s.Name;
		} else
			break;

		if ((mod_flags & (Modifiers.PRIVATE|Modifiers.PROTECTED)) != 0){
			Report.Error (
				1527, lexer.Location, 
				"Namespace elements cant be explicitly " +
			        "declared private or protected in `" + name + "'");
		}
		current_namespace.DeclarationFound = true;
	  }
	| namespace_declaration {
		current_namespace.DeclarationFound = true;
	  }

	| field_declaration {
		Report.Error (116, lexer.Location, "A namespace can only contain types and namespace declarations");
	  }
	| method_declaration {
		Report.Error (116, lexer.Location, "A namespace can only contain types and namespace declarations");
	  }
	;

type_declaration
	: class_declaration		
	| struct_declaration		
	| interface_declaration		
	| enum_declaration		
	| delegate_declaration
//
// Enable this when we have handled all errors, because this acts as a generic fallback
//
//	| error {
//		Console.WriteLine ("Token=" + yyToken);
//		Report.Error (1518, lexer.Location, "Expected class, struct, interface, enum or delegate");
//	  }
	;

//
// Attributes 17.2
//

opt_attributes
        : /* empty */
	| attribute_sections { $$ = $1; }
        ;
 
attribute_sections
	: attribute_section
          {
		AttributeSection sect = (AttributeSection) $1;

		if (sect.Target == "assembly") {
			CodeGen.Assembly.AddAttribute (current_container, sect);
			$$ = null;
		}
		else if (sect.Target == "module") {
			CodeGen.Module.AddAttribute (current_container, sect);
			$$ = null;
		}
		else
			$$ = new Attributes (sect);
          }
	| attribute_sections attribute_section
	  {
		Attributes attrs = $1 as Attributes;
		AttributeSection sect = (AttributeSection) $2;

		if (sect.Target == "assembly") {
			CodeGen.Assembly.AddAttribute (current_container, sect);
		}
		else if (sect.Target == "module") {
			CodeGen.Module.AddAttribute (current_container, sect);
		}
		else {
			if (attrs == null)
				attrs = new Attributes (sect);
			else
			attrs.AddAttributeSection (sect);
		}
		
		$$ = attrs;
	  }
	;

attribute_section
	: OPEN_BRACKET attribute_target_specifier attribute_list opt_comma CLOSE_BRACKET
	  {
		string target = null;
		
		if ($2 != null)
			target = (string) $2;
		
		$$ = new AttributeSection (target, (ArrayList) $3);
 	  }
        | OPEN_BRACKET attribute_list opt_comma CLOSE_BRACKET
	  {
		$$ = new AttributeSection (null, (ArrayList) $2);
	  }
	;
 
attribute_target_specifier
	: attribute_target COLON
	  {
		$$ = $1;
	  }
	;

attribute_target
	: IDENTIFIER
	  {
		CheckAttributeTarget ((string) $1);
		$$ = $1;
	  }
        | EVENT  { $$ = "event"; }	  
        | RETURN { $$ = "return"; }
	;

attribute_list
	: attribute
	  {
		ArrayList attrs = new ArrayList (4);
		attrs.Add ($1);

		$$ = attrs;
	       
	  }
	| attribute_list COMMA attribute
	  {
		ArrayList attrs = (ArrayList) $1;
		attrs.Add ($3);

		$$ = attrs;
	  }
	;

attribute
	: attribute_name
	  {
		$$ = lexer.Location;
	  }
	  opt_attribute_arguments
	  {
		//
		// Attributes need a string, not an expression: generic types will fail here.
		//
		$$ = new Attribute (((Expression) $1).ToString (), (ArrayList) $3, (Location) $2);
	  }
	;

attribute_name
	: type_name  { /* reserved attribute name or identifier: 17.4 */ }
	;

opt_attribute_arguments
	: /* empty */   { $$ = null; }
	| OPEN_PARENS attribute_arguments CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		$$ = $2;
	  }
	;


attribute_arguments
	: opt_positional_argument_list
	  {
		if ($1 == null)
			$$ = null;
		else {
			ArrayList args = new ArrayList (4);
			args.Add ($1);
		
			$$ = args;
		}
	  }
        | positional_argument_list COMMA named_argument_list
	  {
		ArrayList args = new ArrayList (4);
		args.Add ($1);
		args.Add ($3);

		$$ = args;
	  }
        | named_argument_list
	  {
		ArrayList args = new ArrayList (4);
		args.Add (null);
		args.Add ($1);
		
		$$ = args;
	  }
        ;


opt_positional_argument_list
	: /* empty */ 		{ $$ = null; } 
	| positional_argument_list
	;

positional_argument_list
	: expression
	  {
		ArrayList args = new ArrayList (4);
		args.Add (new Argument ((Expression) $1, Argument.AType.Expression));

		$$ = args;
	  }
        | positional_argument_list COMMA expression
	 {
		ArrayList args = (ArrayList) $1;
		args.Add (new Argument ((Expression) $3, Argument.AType.Expression));

		$$ = args;
	 }
        ;

named_argument_list
	: named_argument
	  {
		ArrayList args = new ArrayList (4);
		args.Add ($1);

		$$ = args;
	  }
        | named_argument_list COMMA named_argument
	  {	  
		ArrayList args = (ArrayList) $1;
		args.Add ($3);

		$$ = args;
	  }
        ;

named_argument
	: IDENTIFIER ASSIGN expression
	  {
		$$ = new DictionaryEntry (
			(string) $1, 
			new Argument ((Expression) $3, Argument.AType.Expression));
	  }
	;

		  
class_body
	:  OPEN_BRACE opt_class_member_declarations CLOSE_BRACE
	;

opt_class_member_declarations
	: /* empty */
	| class_member_declarations
	;

class_member_declarations
	: class_member_declaration
	| class_member_declarations 
	  class_member_declaration
	;

class_member_declaration
	: constant_declaration			// done
	| field_declaration			// done
	| method_declaration			// done
	| property_declaration			// done
	| event_declaration			// done
	| indexer_declaration			// done
	| operator_declaration			// done
	| constructor_declaration		// done
	| destructor_declaration		// done
	| type_declaration
	;

struct_declaration
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  STRUCT IDENTIFIER
	  { 
		Struct new_struct;
		string full_struct_name = MakeName ((string) $4);

		new_struct = new Struct (current_namespace, current_container, full_struct_name,
					 (int) $2, (Attributes) $1, lexer.Location);
		current_container = new_struct;
		RootContext.Tree.RecordDecl (full_struct_name, new_struct);
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = true;
	  }
	  opt_type_parameter_list
	  opt_class_base
	  opt_type_parameter_constraints_clauses
	  {
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = false;
	  }
	  struct_body
	  opt_semicolon
	  {
		Struct new_struct = (Struct) current_container;

		if ($8 != null && $6 == null)
			Report.Error (80, lexer.Location,
				      "Contraints are not allowed on non-generic declarations");
		if ($6 != null)
			CheckDef (new_struct.SetParameterInfo ((ArrayList) $6, (ArrayList) $8), new_struct.Name, new_struct.Location);

		if ($7 != null)
			new_struct.Bases = (ArrayList) $7;

		current_container = current_container.Parent;
		CheckDef (current_container.AddStruct (new_struct), new_struct.Name, new_struct.Location);
		$$ = new_struct;
	  }
	| opt_attributes opt_modifiers STRUCT error {
		CheckIdentifierToken (yyToken);
	  }
	;

struct_body
	: OPEN_BRACE opt_struct_member_declarations CLOSE_BRACE
	;

opt_struct_member_declarations
	: /* empty */
	| struct_member_declarations
	;

struct_member_declarations
	: struct_member_declaration
	| struct_member_declarations struct_member_declaration
	;

struct_member_declaration
	: constant_declaration
	| field_declaration
	| method_declaration
	| property_declaration
	| event_declaration
	| indexer_declaration
	| operator_declaration
	| constructor_declaration
	| type_declaration

	/*
	 * This is only included so we can flag error 575: 
	 * destructors only allowed on class types
	 */
	| destructor_declaration 
	;

constant_declaration
	: opt_attributes 
	  opt_modifiers
	  CONST
	  type
	  constant_declarators
	  SEMICOLON
	  {
		foreach (VariableDeclaration constant in (ArrayList) $5){
			Location l = constant.Location;

			Const c = new Const (
				(Expression) $4, (string) constant.identifier, 
				(Expression) constant.expression_or_array_initializer, (int) $2, 
				(Attributes) $1, l);

			CheckDef (current_container.AddConstant (c), c.Name, l);
		}
	  }
	;

constant_declarators
	: constant_declarator 
	  {
		ArrayList constants = new ArrayList (4);
		constants.Add ($1);
		$$ = constants;
	  }
	| constant_declarators COMMA constant_declarator
	  {
		ArrayList constants = (ArrayList) $1;

		constants.Add ($3);
	  }
	;

constant_declarator
	: IDENTIFIER ASSIGN constant_expression
	  {
		$$ = new VariableDeclaration ((string) $1, $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

field_declaration
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  type 
	  variable_declarators
	  SEMICOLON
	  { 
		Expression type = (Expression) $3;
		int mod = (int) $2;

		foreach (VariableDeclaration var in (ArrayList) $4){
			Location l = var.Location;

			Field field = new Field (type, mod, var.identifier, 
						 var.expression_or_array_initializer, 
						 (Attributes) $1, l);

			CheckDef (current_container.AddField (field), field.Name, l);
		}
	  }
	| opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  VOID  
	  variable_declarators
	  SEMICOLON {
		Report.Error (670, lexer.Location, "void type is not allowed for fields");
	  }
	;

variable_declarators
	: variable_declarator 
	  {
		ArrayList decl = new ArrayList (4);
		decl.Add ($1);
		$$ = decl;
	  }
	| variable_declarators COMMA variable_declarator
	  {
		ArrayList decls = (ArrayList) $1;
		decls.Add ($3);
		$$ = $1;
	  }
	;

variable_declarator
	: IDENTIFIER ASSIGN variable_initializer
	  {
		$$ = new VariableDeclaration ((string) $1, $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| IDENTIFIER
	  {
		$$ = new VariableDeclaration ((string) $1, null, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

variable_initializer
	: expression
	  {
		$$ = $1;
	  }
	| array_initializer
	  {
		$$ = $1;
	  }
	| STACKALLOC type OPEN_BRACKET expression CLOSE_BRACKET
	  {
		$$ = new StackAlloc ((Expression) $2, (Expression) $4, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

method_declaration
	: method_header {
		iterator_container = (IIteratorContainer) $1;
	  }
	  method_body
	  {
		Method method = (Method) $1;
		Block b = (Block) $3;
		const int extern_abstract = (Modifiers.EXTERN | Modifiers.ABSTRACT);

		if (b == null){
			if ((method.ModFlags & extern_abstract) == 0){
				Report.Error (
					501, lexer.Location,  current_container.MakeName (method.Name) +
				        "must declare a body because it is not marked abstract or extern");
			}
		} else {
			if ((method.ModFlags & Modifiers.EXTERN) != 0){
				Report.Error (
					179, lexer.Location, current_container.MakeName (method.Name) +
					" is declared extern, but has a body");
			}
		}

		method.Block = (Block) $3;
		CheckDef (current_container.AddMethod (method), method.Name, method.Location);

		current_local_parameters = null;
		iterator_container = null;
	  }
	;

opt_error_modifier
	: /* empty */
	| modifiers 
	  {
		int m = (int) $1;
		int i = 1;

		while (m != 0){
			if ((i & m) != 0){
				Report.Error (
					1585, lexer.Location, "Member modifier `" + 
					Modifiers.Name (i) + "' must precede member type and name");
			}
			m &= ~i;
			i = i << 1;
		}
	  }
	;

method_header
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  type
	  namespace_or_type_name
	  OPEN_PARENS opt_formal_parameter_list CLOSE_PARENS 
	  {
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = true;
	  }
	  opt_type_parameter_constraints_clauses
	  {
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = false;

		MemberName name = (MemberName) $4;

		if ($9 != null && name.TypeArguments == null)
			Report.Error (80, lexer.Location,
				      "Contraints are not allowed on non-generic declarations");

		Method method;

		GenericMethod generic = null;
		if (name.TypeArguments != null) {
			generic = new GenericMethod (current_namespace, current_container,
						     name.Name, (Attributes) $1,
						     lexer.Location);

			CheckDef (generic.SetParameterInfo (name.TypeArguments, (ArrayList) $9), name.Name, lexer.Location);

			method = new Method (generic, (Expression) $3, (int) $2, false, name,
					     (Parameters) $6, (Attributes) $1, lexer.Location);
		} else
			method = new Method (current_container, (Expression) $3, (int) $2,
					     false, name, (Parameters) $6, (Attributes) $1,
					     lexer.Location);

		current_local_parameters = (Parameters) $6;

		$$ = method;
	  }
	| opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  VOID
	  namespace_or_type_name
	  OPEN_PARENS opt_formal_parameter_list CLOSE_PARENS 
	  {
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = true;
	  }
	  opt_type_parameter_constraints_clauses
	  {
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = false;

		MemberName name = (MemberName) $4;

		if ($9 != null && name.TypeArguments == null)
			Report.Error (80, lexer.Location,
				      "Contraints are not allowed on non-generic declarations");

		Method method;
		GenericMethod generic = null;
		if (name.TypeArguments != null) {
			generic = new GenericMethod (current_namespace, current_container,
						     name.Name, (Attributes) $1,
						     lexer.Location);


			CheckDef (generic.SetParameterInfo (name.TypeArguments, (ArrayList) $9), name.Name, lexer.Location);

			method = new Method (generic, TypeManager.system_void_expr, (int) $2,
					     false, name, (Parameters) $6, (Attributes) $1,
					     lexer.Location);
		} else
			method = new Method (current_container, TypeManager.system_void_expr,
					     (int) $2, false, name, (Parameters) $6,
					     (Attributes) $1, lexer.Location);

		current_local_parameters = (Parameters) $6;

		$$ = method;
	  }
	| opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  type 
	  modifiers namespace_or_type_name OPEN_PARENS opt_formal_parameter_list CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		Report.Error (1585, lexer.Location, 
			String.Format ("Modifier {0} should appear before type", 
				Modifiers.Name ((int) $4)));
		Method method = new Method (current_container, TypeManager.system_void_expr,
					    0, false, (MemberName) $5, (Parameters) $6,
					    (Attributes) $1, lexer.Location);

		current_local_parameters = (Parameters) $6;
		$$ = method;
	  }
	;

method_body
	: block
	| SEMICOLON		{ $$ = null; }
	;

opt_formal_parameter_list
	: /* empty */			{ $$ = Parameters.EmptyReadOnlyParameters; }
	| formal_parameter_list
	;

formal_parameter_list
	: fixed_parameters		
	  { 
		ArrayList pars_list = (ArrayList) $1;

		Parameter [] pars = new Parameter [pars_list.Count];
		pars_list.CopyTo (pars);

	  	$$ = new Parameters (pars, null, lexer.Location); 
	  } 
	| fixed_parameters COMMA parameter_array
	  {
		ArrayList pars_list = (ArrayList) $1;

		Parameter [] pars = new Parameter [pars_list.Count];
		pars_list.CopyTo (pars);

		$$ = new Parameters (pars, (Parameter) $3, lexer.Location); 
	  }
	| parameter_array 
	  {
		$$ = new Parameters (null, (Parameter) $1, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

fixed_parameters
	: fixed_parameter	
	  {
		ArrayList pars = new ArrayList (4);

		pars.Add ($1);
		$$ = pars;
	  }
	| fixed_parameters COMMA fixed_parameter
	  {
		ArrayList pars = (ArrayList) $1;

		pars.Add ($3);
		$$ = $1;
	  }
	;

fixed_parameter
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_parameter_modifier
	  type
	  IDENTIFIER
	  {
		$$ = new Parameter ((Expression) $3, (string) $4, (Parameter.Modifier) $2, (Attributes) $1);
	  }
	| opt_attributes
	  opt_parameter_modifier
	  type
	  error {
		CheckIdentifierToken (yyToken);
		$$ = null;
	  }
	;

opt_parameter_modifier
	: /* empty */		{ $$ = Parameter.Modifier.NONE; }
	| parameter_modifier
	;

parameter_modifier
	: REF			{ $$ = Parameter.Modifier.REF | Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF; }
	| OUT			{ $$ = Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF; }
	;

parameter_array
	: opt_attributes PARAMS type IDENTIFIER
	  { 
		$$ = new Parameter ((Expression) $3, (string) $4, Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS, (Attributes) $1);
		note ("type must be a single-dimension array type"); 
	  }
	| opt_attributes PARAMS type error {
		CheckIdentifierToken (yyToken);
		$$ = null;
	  }
	;

property_declaration
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  type namespace_or_type_name
	  OPEN_BRACE 
	  {
		implicit_value_parameter_type = (Expression) $3;

		lexer.PropertyParsing = true;

		$$ = lexer.Location;

		iterator_container = SimpleIteratorContainer.GetSimple ();
	  }
	  accessor_declarations 
	  {
		lexer.PropertyParsing = false;
	  }
	  CLOSE_BRACE
	  { 
		Property prop;
		Pair pair = (Pair) $7;
		Accessor get_block = (Accessor) pair.First;
		Accessor set_block = (Accessor) pair.Second;

		MemberName name = (MemberName) $4;
		if (name.TypeArguments != null)
			syntax_error (lexer.Location, "a property can't have type arguments");

		Location loc = (Location) $6;
		prop = new Property (current_container, (Expression) $3, (int) $2, false,
				     name, (Attributes) $1, get_block, set_block, loc);
		if (SimpleIteratorContainer.Simple.Yields)
			prop.SetYields ();
		
		CheckDef (current_container.AddProperty (prop), prop.Name, loc);
		implicit_value_parameter_type = null;
		iterator_container = null;
	  }
	;

accessor_declarations
	: get_accessor_declaration opt_set_accessor_declaration
	  { 
		$$ = new Pair ($1, $2);
	  }
	| set_accessor_declaration opt_get_accessor_declaration
	  {
		$$ = new Pair ($2, $1);
	  }
	;

opt_get_accessor_declaration
	: /* empty */			{ $$ = null; }
	| get_accessor_declaration
	;

opt_set_accessor_declaration
	: /* empty */			{ $$ = null; }
	| set_accessor_declaration
	;

get_accessor_declaration
	: opt_attributes GET
	  {
		// If this is not the case, then current_local_parameters has already
		// been set in indexer_declaration
		if (parsing_indexer == false)
			current_local_parameters = null;
		else 
			current_local_parameters = indexer_parameters;
		lexer.PropertyParsing = false;
	  }
          accessor_body
	  {
		$$ = new Accessor ((Block) $4, (Attributes) $1);
		current_local_parameters = null;
		lexer.PropertyParsing = true;
	  }
	;

set_accessor_declaration
	: opt_attributes SET 
	  {
		Parameter [] args;
		Parameter implicit_value_parameter = new Parameter (
			implicit_value_parameter_type, "value", 
			Parameter.Modifier.NONE, null);

		if (parsing_indexer == false) {
			args  = new Parameter [1];
			args [0] = implicit_value_parameter;
			current_local_parameters = new Parameters (args, null, lexer.Location);
		} else {
			Parameter [] fpars = indexer_parameters.FixedParameters;

			if (fpars != null){
				int count = fpars.Length;

				args = new Parameter [count + 1];
				fpars.CopyTo (args, 0);
				args [count] = implicit_value_parameter;
			} else 
				args = null;
			current_local_parameters = new Parameters (
				args, indexer_parameters.ArrayParameter, lexer.Location);
		}
		
		lexer.PropertyParsing = false;
	  }
	  accessor_body
	  {
		$$ = new Accessor ((Block) $4, (Attributes) $1);
		current_local_parameters = null;
		lexer.PropertyParsing = true;
	  }
	;

accessor_body
	: block 
	| SEMICOLON		{ $$ = null; }
	;

interface_declaration
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  INTERFACE IDENTIFIER
	  {
		Interface new_interface;
		string full_interface_name = MakeName ((string) $4);

		new_interface = new Interface (current_namespace, current_container, full_interface_name,
					       (int) $2, (Attributes) $1, lexer.Location);
		if (current_interface != null) {
			Location l = lexer.Location;
			Report.Error (-2, l, "Internal compiler error: interface inside interface");
		}
		current_interface = new_interface;
		current_container = new_interface;
		RootContext.Tree.RecordDecl (full_interface_name, new_interface);
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = true;
	  }
	  opt_type_parameter_list
	  opt_class_base
	  opt_type_parameter_constraints_clauses
	  {
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = false;
	  }
	  interface_body opt_semicolon
	  { 
		Interface new_interface = (Interface) current_interface;

		if ($8 != null && $6 == null)
			Report.Error (80, lexer.Location,
				      "Contraints are not allowed on non-generic declarations");
		if ($6 != null)
			CheckDef (new_interface.SetParameterInfo ((ArrayList) $6, (ArrayList) $8), new_interface.Name, new_interface.Location);
		if ($7 != null)
			new_interface.Bases = (ArrayList) $7;

		current_interface = null;
		current_container = current_container.Parent;
		CheckDef (current_container.AddInterface (new_interface), 
			  new_interface.Name, new_interface.Location);
	  }
	| opt_attributes opt_modifiers INTERFACE error {
		CheckIdentifierToken (yyToken);
	  }
	;

interface_body
	: OPEN_BRACE
	  opt_interface_member_declarations
	  CLOSE_BRACE
	;

opt_interface_member_declarations
	: /* empty */
	| interface_member_declarations
	;

interface_member_declarations
	: interface_member_declaration
	| interface_member_declarations interface_member_declaration
	;

interface_member_declaration
	: interface_method_declaration		
	  { 
		Method m = (Method) $1;

		CheckDef (current_interface.AddMethod (m), m.Name, m.Location);
	  }
	| interface_property_declaration	
	  { 
		Property p = (Property) $1;

		CheckDef (current_interface.AddProperty (p), p.Name, p.Location);
          }
	| interface_event_declaration 
          { 
		if ($1 != null){
			Event e = (Event) $1;
			CheckDef (current_interface.AddEvent (e), e.Name, lexer.Location);
		}
	  }
	| interface_indexer_declaration
	  { 
		Indexer i = (Indexer) $1;

		current_interface.AddIndexer (i);
	  }
	;

opt_new
	: opt_modifiers 
	  {
		int val = (int) $1;
		val = Modifiers.Check (Modifiers.NEW | Modifiers.UNSAFE, val, 0, lexer.Location);
		$$ = val;
	  }
	;

interface_method_declaration
	: opt_attributes opt_new type IDENTIFIER 
	  OPEN_PARENS opt_formal_parameter_list CLOSE_PARENS
	  SEMICOLON
	  {
		$$ = new Method (current_container, (Expression) $3, (int) $2, true,
				 new MemberName ((string) $4), (Parameters) $6,
				 (Attributes) $1, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| opt_attributes opt_new VOID IDENTIFIER 
	  OPEN_PARENS opt_formal_parameter_list CLOSE_PARENS
	  SEMICOLON
	  {
		$$ = new Method (current_container, TypeManager.system_void_expr, (int) $2,
				 true, new MemberName ((string) $4), (Parameters) $6,
				 (Attributes) $1, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

interface_property_declaration
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_new
	  type IDENTIFIER 
	  OPEN_BRACE 
	  { lexer.PropertyParsing = true; }
	  interface_accessors 
	  { lexer.PropertyParsing = false; }
	  CLOSE_BRACE
	  {
                InterfaceAccessorInfo pinfo = (InterfaceAccessorInfo) $7;

		$$ = new Property (current_container, (Expression) $3, (int) $2, true,
				   new MemberName ((string) $4), (Attributes) $1,
				   pinfo.Get, pinfo.Set, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| opt_attributes
	  opt_new
	  type error {
		CheckIdentifierToken (yyToken);
		$$ = null;
	  }
	;

interface_accessors
	: opt_attributes GET SEMICOLON		{ $$ = new InterfaceAccessorInfo (true, false, (Attributes) $1, null); }
	| opt_attributes SET SEMICOLON		{ $$ = new InterfaceAccessorInfo (false, true, null, (Attributes) $1); }
	| opt_attributes GET SEMICOLON opt_attributes SET SEMICOLON 
	  { $$ = new InterfaceAccessorInfo (true, true, (Attributes) $1, (Attributes) $3); }
	| opt_attributes SET SEMICOLON opt_attributes GET SEMICOLON
	  { $$ = new InterfaceAccessorInfo (true, true, (Attributes) $3, (Attributes) $1); }
	;

interface_event_declaration
	: opt_attributes opt_new EVENT type IDENTIFIER SEMICOLON
	  {
		$$ = new Event ((Expression) $4, (int) $2, true,
				 new MemberName ((string) $5), null,
				(Attributes) $1, null, null, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| opt_attributes opt_new EVENT type error {
		CheckIdentifierToken (yyToken);
		$$ = null;
	  }
	| opt_attributes opt_new EVENT type IDENTIFIER ASSIGN  {
		Report.Error (68, lexer.Location, "Event declarations on interfaces can not be initialized.");
		$$ = null;
	  }
	| opt_attributes opt_new EVENT type IDENTIFIER OPEN_BRACE event_accessor_declarations CLOSE_BRACE {
		Report.Error (69, lexer.Location, "Event accessors not valid on interfaces");
 		$$ = null;
 	  }
	;

interface_indexer_declaration 
	: opt_attributes opt_new type THIS 
	  OPEN_BRACKET formal_parameter_list CLOSE_BRACKET
	  OPEN_BRACE 
	  { lexer.PropertyParsing = true; }
	  interface_accessors 
	  { lexer.PropertyParsing = false; }
	  CLOSE_BRACE
	  {
		InterfaceAccessorInfo info = (InterfaceAccessorInfo) $10;

		$$ = new Indexer (current_container, (Expression) $3, (int) $2, true,
				  MemberName.Null, (Parameters) $6, (Attributes) $1,
				  info.Get, info.Set, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

operator_declaration
	: opt_attributes opt_modifiers operator_declarator 
	  {
		iterator_container = SimpleIteratorContainer.GetSimple ();
	  }
	  operator_body
	  {
		OperatorDeclaration decl = (OperatorDeclaration) $3;
		
		Operator op = new Operator (decl.optype, decl.ret_type, (int) $2, decl.arg1type, decl.arg1name,
					    decl.arg2type, decl.arg2name, (Block) $5, (Attributes) $1, decl.location);

		if (SimpleIteratorContainer.Simple.Yields)
			op.SetYields ();

		// Note again, checking is done in semantic analysis
		current_container.AddOperator (op);

		current_local_parameters = null;
		iterator_container = null;
	  }
	;

operator_body 
	: block
	| SEMICOLON { $$ = null; }
	; 
operator_declarator
	: type OPERATOR overloadable_operator 
	  OPEN_PARENS type IDENTIFIER CLOSE_PARENS
	{
		Operator.OpType op = (Operator.OpType) $3;
		CheckUnaryOperator (op);

		if (op == Operator.OpType.Addition)
			op = Operator.OpType.UnaryPlus;

		if (op == Operator.OpType.Subtraction)
			op = Operator.OpType.UnaryNegation;

		Parameter [] pars = new Parameter [1];

		pars [0] = new Parameter ((Expression) $5, (string) $6, Parameter.Modifier.NONE, null);

		current_local_parameters = new Parameters (pars, null, lexer.Location);

		$$ = new OperatorDeclaration (op, (Expression) $1, (Expression) $5, (string) $6,
					      null, null, lexer.Location);
	}
	| type OPERATOR overloadable_operator
	  OPEN_PARENS 
		type IDENTIFIER COMMA
	  	type IDENTIFIER 
	  CLOSE_PARENS
        {
	       CheckBinaryOperator ((Operator.OpType) $3);

	       Parameter [] pars = new Parameter [2];

	       pars [0] = new Parameter ((Expression) $5, (string) $6, Parameter.Modifier.NONE, null);
	       pars [1] = new Parameter ((Expression) $8, (string) $9, Parameter.Modifier.NONE, null);

	       current_local_parameters = new Parameters (pars, null, lexer.Location);
	       
	       $$ = new OperatorDeclaration ((Operator.OpType) $3, (Expression) $1, 
					     (Expression) $5, (string) $6,
					     (Expression) $8, (string) $9, lexer.Location);
        }
	| conversion_operator_declarator
	;

overloadable_operator
// Unary operators:
	: BANG   { $$ = Operator.OpType.LogicalNot; }
        | TILDE  { $$ = Operator.OpType.OnesComplement; }  
        | OP_INC { $$ = Operator.OpType.Increment; }
        | OP_DEC { $$ = Operator.OpType.Decrement; }
        | TRUE   { $$ = Operator.OpType.True; }
        | FALSE  { $$ = Operator.OpType.False; }
// Unary and binary:
        | PLUS { $$ = Operator.OpType.Addition; }
        | MINUS { $$ = Operator.OpType.Subtraction; }
// Binary:
        | STAR { $$ = Operator.OpType.Multiply; }
        | DIV {  $$ = Operator.OpType.Division; }
        | PERCENT { $$ = Operator.OpType.Modulus; }
        | BITWISE_AND { $$ = Operator.OpType.BitwiseAnd; }
        | BITWISE_OR { $$ = Operator.OpType.BitwiseOr; }
        | CARRET { $$ = Operator.OpType.ExclusiveOr; }
        | OP_SHIFT_LEFT { $$ = Operator.OpType.LeftShift; }
        | OP_SHIFT_RIGHT { $$ = Operator.OpType.RightShift; }
        | OP_EQ { $$ = Operator.OpType.Equality; }
        | OP_NE { $$ = Operator.OpType.Inequality; }
        | OP_GT { $$ = Operator.OpType.GreaterThan; }
        | OP_LT { $$ = Operator.OpType.LessThan; }
        | OP_GE { $$ = Operator.OpType.GreaterThanOrEqual; }
        | OP_LE { $$ = Operator.OpType.LessThanOrEqual; }
	;

conversion_operator_declarator
	: IMPLICIT OPERATOR type OPEN_PARENS type IDENTIFIER CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		Parameter [] pars = new Parameter [1];

		pars [0] = new Parameter ((Expression) $5, (string) $6, Parameter.Modifier.NONE, null);

		current_local_parameters = new Parameters (pars, null, lexer.Location);  
		  
		$$ = new OperatorDeclaration (Operator.OpType.Implicit, (Expression) $3, (Expression) $5, (string) $6,
					      null, null, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| EXPLICIT OPERATOR type OPEN_PARENS type IDENTIFIER CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		Parameter [] pars = new Parameter [1];

		pars [0] = new Parameter ((Expression) $5, (string) $6, Parameter.Modifier.NONE, null);

		current_local_parameters = new Parameters (pars, null, lexer.Location);  
		  
		$$ = new OperatorDeclaration (Operator.OpType.Explicit, (Expression) $3, (Expression) $5, (string) $6,
					      null, null, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| IMPLICIT error 
	  {
		syntax_error (lexer.Location, "'operator' expected");
	  }
	| EXPLICIT error 
	  {
		syntax_error (lexer.Location, "'operator' expected");
	  }
	;

constructor_declaration
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  constructor_declarator
	  constructor_body
	  { 
		Constructor c = (Constructor) $3;
		c.Block = (Block) $4;
		c.OptAttributes = (Attributes) $1;
		c.ModFlags = (int) $2;
	
		if (c.Name == current_container.Basename){
			if ((c.ModFlags & Modifiers.STATIC) != 0){
				if ((c.ModFlags & Modifiers.Accessibility) != 0){
					Report.Error (
						515, c.Location, String.Format (
						"`{0}.{1}': static constructor can not have access modifiers",
						c.Name, current_container.Name));
				}
	
				c.ModFlags = Modifiers.Check (Constructor.AllowedModifiers, (int) $2, Modifiers.PRIVATE, c.Location);	
	
				if (c.Initializer != null){
					Report.Error (
						514, c.Location, 
						"Static constructors can not have an explicit this or base " +
						"constructor invocations");
				}
	
				if (!c.Parameters.Empty){
					Report.Error (
						132, c.Location, "Static constructors should not have parameters");
				}
			} else {
				c.ModFlags = Modifiers.Check (Constructor.AllowedModifiers, (int) $2, Modifiers.PRIVATE, c.Location);
			}
		} else {
			// We let another layer check the validity of the constructor.
			Console.WriteLine ("{0} and {1}", c.Name, current_container.Basename);
		}

		CheckDef (current_container.AddConstructor (c), c.Name, c.Location);

		current_local_parameters = null;
	  }
	;

constructor_declarator
	: IDENTIFIER 
	  OPEN_PARENS opt_formal_parameter_list CLOSE_PARENS 
	  {
		oob_stack.Push (lexer.Location);

		current_local_parameters = (Parameters) $3;
	  }
	  opt_constructor_initializer
	  {
		Location l = (Location) oob_stack.Pop ();
		$$ = new Constructor (current_container, (string) $1, 0, (Parameters) $3,
				      (ConstructorInitializer) $6, l);
	  }
	;

constructor_body
	: block
	| SEMICOLON 		{ $$ = null; }
	;

opt_constructor_initializer
	: /* empty */			{ $$ = null; }
	| constructor_initializer
	;

constructor_initializer
	: COLON BASE OPEN_PARENS opt_argument_list CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		$$ = new ConstructorBaseInitializer ((ArrayList) $4, current_local_parameters, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| COLON THIS OPEN_PARENS opt_argument_list CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		$$ = new ConstructorThisInitializer ((ArrayList) $4, current_local_parameters, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| COLON error {
		Report.Error (1018, lexer.Location, "Keyword this or base expected");
		$$ = null;
	  }
	;

opt_finalizer
        : /* EMPTY */           { $$ = 0; }
        | UNSAFE		{ $$ = Modifiers.UNSAFE; }
	| EXTERN		{ $$ = Modifiers.EXTERN; }
        ;
        
destructor_declaration
	: opt_attributes opt_finalizer TILDE IDENTIFIER OPEN_PARENS CLOSE_PARENS block
	  {
		if ((string) $4 != current_container.Basename){
			Report.Error (574, lexer.Location, "Name of destructor must match name of class");
		} else if (!(current_container is Class)){
			Report.Error (575, lexer.Location, "Destructors are only allowed in class types");
		} else {
			Location l = lexer.Location;

			int m = (int) $2;
			if (!RootContext.StdLib && current_container.Name == "System.Object")
				m |= Modifiers.PROTECTED | Modifiers.VIRTUAL;
			else
				m |= Modifiers.PROTECTED | Modifiers.OVERRIDE;
                        
                        if ((m & Modifiers.UNSAFE) != 0){
                                if (!RootContext.Unsafe){
                                        Report.Error (227, l,
					      "Unsafe code requires the --unsafe command " +
					      "line option to be specified");
                                }
                        }
                        
			Method d = new Destructor (
				current_container, TypeManager.system_void_expr, m, "Finalize", 
				new Parameters (null, null, l), (Attributes) $1, l);
		  
			d.Block = (Block) $7;
			CheckDef (current_container.AddMethod (d), d.Name, d.Location);
		}
	  }
	;

event_declaration
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  EVENT type variable_declarators SEMICOLON
	  {
		foreach (VariableDeclaration var in (ArrayList) $5) {

			MemberName name = new MemberName (var.identifier);

			Event e = new Event ((Expression) $4, (int) $2, false, name,
					     var.expression_or_array_initializer,
					     (Attributes) $1, null, null, lexer.Location);

			CheckDef (current_container.AddEvent (e), e.Name, e.Location);
				       
		}
	  }
	| opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  EVENT type namespace_or_type_name
	  OPEN_BRACE
	  {
		implicit_value_parameter_type = (Expression) $4;  
		lexer.EventParsing = true;
		oob_stack.Push (lexer.Location);
	  }
	  event_accessor_declarations
	  {
		lexer.EventParsing = false;  
	  }
	  CLOSE_BRACE
	  {
		Location loc = (Location) oob_stack.Pop ();

		if ($8 == null){
			Report.Error (65, lexer.Location, "Event must have both add and remove accesors");
			$$ = null;
		} else {
		Pair pair = (Pair) $8;
		Accessor add_accessor = null;
		Accessor rem_accessor = null;

		if (pair.First != null)
			add_accessor = (Accessor) pair.First;
		if (pair.Second != null)
			rem_accessor = (Accessor) pair.Second;

		MemberName name = (MemberName) $5;
		if (name.TypeArguments != null)
			syntax_error (lexer.Location, "an event can't have type arguments");

		Event e = new Event ((Expression) $4, (int) $2, false, name, null,
				     (Attributes) $1, add_accessor, rem_accessor, loc);
		
		CheckDef (current_container.AddEvent (e), e.Name, loc);
		implicit_value_parameter_type = null;
	  }
	  }
	;

event_accessor_declarations
	: add_accessor_declaration remove_accessor_declaration
	{
		$$ = new Pair ($1, $2);
	}
	| remove_accessor_declaration add_accessor_declaration
	{
		$$ = new Pair ($2, $1);
	}	
	| add_accessor_declaration  { $$ = null; } 
	| remove_accessor_declaration { $$ = null; } 
	;

add_accessor_declaration
	: opt_attributes ADD
	  {
		Parameter [] args = new Parameter [1];
		Parameter implicit_value_parameter = new Parameter (
			implicit_value_parameter_type, "value", 
			Parameter.Modifier.NONE, null);

		args [0] = implicit_value_parameter;
		
		current_local_parameters = new Parameters (args, null, lexer.Location);  
		lexer.EventParsing = false;
	  }
          block
	  {
		$$ = new Accessor ((Block) $4, (Attributes) $1);
		lexer.EventParsing = true;
	  }
	| opt_attributes ADD error {
		Report.Error (73, lexer.Location, "Add or remove accessor must have a body");
		$$ = null;
	  }
	;

remove_accessor_declaration
	: opt_attributes REMOVE
	  {
		Parameter [] args = new Parameter [1];
		Parameter implicit_value_parameter = new Parameter (
			implicit_value_parameter_type, "value", 
			Parameter.Modifier.NONE, null);

		args [0] = implicit_value_parameter;
		
		current_local_parameters = new Parameters (args, null, lexer.Location);  
		lexer.EventParsing = false;
	  }
          block
	  {
		$$ = new Accessor ((Block) $4, (Attributes) $1);
		lexer.EventParsing = true;
	  }
	| opt_attributes REMOVE error {
		Report.Error (73, lexer.Location, "Add or remove accessor must have a body");
		$$ = null;
	  }
	;

indexer_declaration
	: opt_attributes opt_modifiers indexer_declarator 
	  OPEN_BRACE 
	  {
		IndexerDeclaration decl = (IndexerDeclaration) $3;

		implicit_value_parameter_type = decl.type;
		
		lexer.PropertyParsing = true;
		parsing_indexer  = true;
		
		indexer_parameters = decl.param_list;
		oob_stack.Push (lexer.Location);
	  }
          accessor_declarations 
	  {
		  lexer.PropertyParsing = false;
		  parsing_indexer  = false;
	  }
	  CLOSE_BRACE
	  { 
		// The signature is computed from the signature of the indexer.  Look
	 	// at section 3.6 on the spec
		Location loc = (Location) oob_stack.Pop ();
		Indexer indexer;
		IndexerDeclaration decl = (IndexerDeclaration) $3;
		Pair pair = (Pair) $6;
		Accessor get_block = (Accessor) pair.First;
		Accessor set_block = (Accessor) pair.Second;

		MemberName name;
		if (decl.interface_type != null)
			name = new MemberName (decl.interface_type, "", null);
		else
			name = MemberName.Null;

		indexer = new Indexer (current_container, decl.type, (int) $2, false,
				       name, decl.param_list, (Attributes) $1,
				       get_block, set_block, loc);

		// Note that there is no equivalent of CheckDef for this case
		// We shall handle this in semantic analysis
		
		current_container.AddIndexer (indexer);
		
		current_local_parameters = null;
		implicit_value_parameter_type = null;
		indexer_parameters = null;
	  }
	;

indexer_declarator
	: type THIS OPEN_BRACKET opt_formal_parameter_list CLOSE_BRACKET
	  {
		Parameters pars = (Parameters) $4;

		if (pars.FixedParameters == null && pars.ArrayParameter == null){
			Report.Error (1551, lexer.Location, "Indexers must have at least one parameter");
		}

		$$ = new IndexerDeclaration ((Expression) $1, null, pars);
	  }
	| type namespace_or_type_name DOT THIS OPEN_BRACKET opt_formal_parameter_list CLOSE_BRACKET
	  {
		Parameters pars = (Parameters) $6;

		if (pars.FixedParameters == null && pars.ArrayParameter == null){
			Report.Error (1551, lexer.Location, "Indexers must have at least one parameter");
		}
		MemberName name = (MemberName) $2;
		if (name.TypeArguments != null)
			syntax_error (lexer.Location, "an indexer can't have type arguments");

		$$ = new IndexerDeclaration ((Expression) $1, name, pars);
	  }
	;

enum_declaration
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  ENUM IDENTIFIER 
	  opt_enum_base
	  enum_body
	  opt_semicolon
	  { 
		Location enum_location = lexer.Location;

		string full_name = MakeName ((string) $4);
		Enum e = new Enum (current_namespace, current_container, (Expression) $5, (int) $2,
				   full_name, (Attributes) $1, enum_location);
		
		foreach (VariableDeclaration ev in (ArrayList) $6) {
			Location loc = (Location) ev.Location;

			CheckDef (e.AddEnumMember (ev.identifier, 
						   (Expression) ev.expression_or_array_initializer,
						   loc, ev.OptAttributes),
				  ev.identifier, loc);
		}

		CheckDef (current_container.AddEnum (e), full_name, enum_location);
		RootContext.Tree.RecordDecl (full_name, e);

	  }
	;

opt_enum_base
	: /* empty */		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_int32_expr; }
	| COLON type		{ $$ = $2;   }
	;

enum_body
	: OPEN_BRACE opt_enum_member_declarations CLOSE_BRACE
	  {
		$$ = $2;
	  }
	;

opt_enum_member_declarations
	: /* empty */			{ $$ = new ArrayList (4); }
	| enum_member_declarations opt_comma { $$ = $1; }
	;

enum_member_declarations
	: enum_member_declaration 
	  {
		ArrayList l = new ArrayList (4);

		l.Add ($1);
		$$ = l;
	  }
	| enum_member_declarations COMMA enum_member_declaration
	  {
		ArrayList l = (ArrayList) $1;

		l.Add ($3);

		$$ = l;
	  }
	;

enum_member_declaration
	: opt_attributes IDENTIFIER 
	  {
		$$ = new VariableDeclaration ((string) $2, null, lexer.Location, (Attributes) $1);
	  }
	| opt_attributes IDENTIFIER
	  {
		  $$ = lexer.Location;
	  }
          ASSIGN expression
	  { 
		$$ = new VariableDeclaration ((string) $2, $5, lexer.Location, (Attributes) $1);
	  }
	;

delegate_declaration
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  DELEGATE type IDENTIFIER
	  opt_type_parameter_list
	  OPEN_PARENS opt_formal_parameter_list CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;
		Delegate del = new Delegate (current_namespace, current_container, (Expression) $4,
					     (int) $2, MakeName ((string) $5), (Parameters) $8, 
					     (Attributes) $1, l);
		  
		CheckDef (current_container.AddDelegate (del), del.Name, l);

		current_delegate = del;

		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = true;
	  }
	  opt_type_parameter_constraints_clauses
	  {
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = false;
	  }
	  SEMICOLON
	  {
		if ($11 != null && $6 == null)
			Report.Error (80, lexer.Location,
				      "Contraints are not allowed on non-generic declarations");

		if ($6 != null)
			CheckDef (current_delegate.SetParameterInfo ((ArrayList) $6, (ArrayList) $11), current_delegate.Name, current_delegate.Location);

		current_delegate = null;
	  }
	| opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  DELEGATE VOID IDENTIFIER
	  opt_type_parameter_list
	  OPEN_PARENS opt_formal_parameter_list CLOSE_PARENS 
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;
		Delegate del = new Delegate (
			current_namespace, current_container,
			TypeManager.system_void_expr, (int) $2, MakeName ((string) $5), 
			(Parameters) $8, (Attributes) $1, l);

		CheckDef (current_container.AddDelegate (del), del.Name, l);

		current_delegate = del;

		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = true;
	  }
	  opt_type_parameter_constraints_clauses
	  {
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = false;
	  }
	  SEMICOLON
	  {
		if ($11 != null && $6 == null)
			Report.Error (80, lexer.Location,
				      "Contraints are not allowed on non-generic declarations");

		if ($6 != null)
			CheckDef (current_delegate.SetParameterInfo ((ArrayList) $6, (ArrayList) $11), current_delegate.Name, current_delegate.Location);

		current_delegate = null;
	  }
	;

type_name
	: namespace_or_type_name {
		$$ = ((MemberName) $1).GetTypeExpression (lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

namespace_or_type_name
	: IDENTIFIER opt_type_argument_list {
		$$ = new MemberName ((string) $1, (TypeArguments) $2);
	  }
	| namespace_or_type_name DOT IDENTIFIER opt_type_argument_list {
		$$ = new MemberName ((MemberName) $1, (string) $3, (TypeArguments) $4);
	  }
//	| namespace_or_type_name DOT DEFAULT
//	  {
//		$$ = new DefaultValueExpression ((Expression) $1, lexer.Location);
//	  }
	;

// 
// TODO:
//   Figure out what to do with the list 
//
opt_type_argument_list
	: /* empty */ 		     { $$ = null; } 
	| OP_GENERICS_LT type_arguments OP_GENERICS_GT
	  {
		$$ = $2;
	  }
	;

type_arguments
	: type {
		TypeArguments type_args = new TypeArguments (lexer.Location);
		type_args.Add ((Expression) $1);
		$$ = type_args;
  	  }
	| type_arguments COMMA type {
		TypeArguments type_args = (TypeArguments) $1;
		type_args.Add ((Expression) $3);
		$$ = type_args;
	  }
	;
	
/* 
 * Before you think of adding a return_type, notice that we have been
 * using two rules in the places where it matters (one rule using type
 * and another identical one that uses VOID as the return type).  This
 * gets rid of a shift/reduce couple
 */
type
	: type_name {  	/* class_type */
	  }
	| builtin_types
	| array_type
	| pointer_type	  
	;


pointer_type
	: type STAR
	  {
		//
		// Note that here only unmanaged types are allowed but we
		// can't perform checks during this phase - we do it during
		// semantic analysis.
		//
		$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, "*", lexer.Location);
	  }
	| VOID STAR
	  {
		$$ = new ComposedCast (TypeManager.system_void_expr, "*", lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

non_expression_type
	: builtin_types	
	| non_expression_type rank_specifier
	  {
		$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, (string) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| non_expression_type STAR
	  {
		$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, "*", lexer.Location);
	  }
	| expression rank_specifiers 
	  {
		$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, (string) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| expression STAR 
	  {
		$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, "*", lexer.Location);
	  }
	
	//
	// We need this because the parser will happily go and reduce IDENTIFIER STAR
	// through this different path
	//
	| multiplicative_expression STAR 
	  {
		$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, "*", lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

type_list
	: type
	  {
		ArrayList types = new ArrayList (4);

		types.Add ($1);
		$$ = types;
	  }
	| type_list COMMA type
	  {
		ArrayList types = (ArrayList) $1;

		types.Add ($3);
		$$ = types;
	  }
	;

/*
 * replaces all the productions for isolating the various
 * simple types, but we need this to reuse it easily in local_variable_type
 */
builtin_types
	: OBJECT	{ $$ = TypeManager.system_object_expr; }
	| STRING	{ $$ = TypeManager.system_string_expr; }
	| BOOL		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_boolean_expr; }
	| DECIMAL	{ $$ = TypeManager.system_decimal_expr; }
	| FLOAT		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_single_expr; }
	| DOUBLE	{ $$ = TypeManager.system_double_expr; }
	| integral_type
	;

integral_type
	: SBYTE		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_sbyte_expr; }
	| BYTE		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_byte_expr; }
	| SHORT		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_int16_expr; }
	| USHORT	{ $$ = TypeManager.system_uint16_expr; }
	| INT		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_int32_expr; }
	| UINT		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_uint32_expr; }
	| LONG		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_int64_expr; }
	| ULONG		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_uint64_expr; }
	| CHAR		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_char_expr; }
	| VOID		{ $$ = TypeManager.system_void_expr; }
	;

interface_type
	: type_name
	;

array_type
	: type rank_specifiers
	  {
		$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, (string) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

//
// Expressions, section 7.5
//
primary_expression
	: literal
	  {
		// 7.5.1: Literals
	  }
 
	| type_name
	  {
		$$ = $1;
	  }
	| parenthesized_expression
	| default_value_expression
	| member_access
	| invocation_expression
	| element_access
	| this_access
	| base_access
	| post_increment_expression
	| post_decrement_expression
	| new_expression
	| typeof_expression
	| sizeof_expression
	| checked_expression
	| unchecked_expression
	| pointer_member_access
	| anonymous_method_expression
	;

literal
	: boolean_literal
	| integer_literal
	| real_literal
	| LITERAL_CHARACTER     { $$ = new CharLiteral ((char) lexer.Value); }
	| LITERAL_STRING        { $$ = new StringLiteral ((string) lexer.Value); }
	| NULL			{ $$ = NullLiteral.Null; }
	;

real_literal
	: LITERAL_FLOAT         { $$ = new FloatLiteral ((float) lexer.Value); }
	| LITERAL_DOUBLE        { $$ = new DoubleLiteral ((double) lexer.Value); }
	| LITERAL_DECIMAL       { $$ = new DecimalLiteral ((decimal) lexer.Value); }
	;

integer_literal
	: LITERAL_INTEGER       { 
		object v = lexer.Value;

		if (v is int){
			int i = (int) v;

			if (i == 0)
				$$ = IntLiteral.Zero;
			else if (i == 1)
				$$ = IntLiteral.One;
			else
				$$ = new IntLiteral (i);
		} else if (v is uint)
			$$ = new UIntLiteral ((UInt32) v);
		else if (v is long)
			$$ = new LongLiteral ((Int64) v);
		else if (v is ulong)
			$$ = new ULongLiteral ((UInt64) v);
		else
			Console.WriteLine ("OOPS.  Unexpected result from scanner");
	  }
	;

boolean_literal
	: TRUE			{ $$ = new BoolLiteral (true); }
	| FALSE			{ $$ = new BoolLiteral (false); }
	;

parenthesized_expression_0
	: OPEN_PARENS expression CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		$$ = $2;
		lexer.Deambiguate_CloseParens ();
		// After this, the next token returned is one of
		// CLOSE_PARENS_CAST, CLOSE_PARENS_NO_CAST, CLOSE_PARENS_OPEN_PARENS
		// or CLOSE_PARENS_MINUS.
	  }
	;

parenthesized_expression
	: parenthesized_expression_0 CLOSE_PARENS_NO_CAST
	  {
		$$ = $1;
	  }
	| parenthesized_expression_0 CLOSE_PARENS_MINUS
	  {
		// If a parenthesized expression is followed by a minus, we need to wrap
		// the expression inside a ParenthesizedExpression for the CS0075 check
		// in Binary.DoResolve().
		$$ = new ParenthesizedExpression ((Expression) $1, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;;

member_access
	: primary_expression DOT IDENTIFIER
	  {
		$$ = new MemberAccess ((Expression) $1, (string) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| predefined_type DOT IDENTIFIER
	  {
		$$ = new MemberAccess ((Expression) $1, (string) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

predefined_type
	: builtin_types
	;

invocation_expression
	: primary_expression OPEN_PARENS opt_argument_list CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		if ($1 == null) {
			Location l = lexer.Location;
			Report.Error (1, l, "Parse error");
		}
		$$ = new Invocation ((Expression) $1, (ArrayList) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| parenthesized_expression_0 CLOSE_PARENS_OPEN_PARENS OPEN_PARENS CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		$$ = new Invocation ((Expression) $1, new ArrayList (), lexer.Location);
	  }
	| parenthesized_expression_0 CLOSE_PARENS_OPEN_PARENS primary_expression
	  {
		$$ = new InvocationOrCast ((Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

opt_argument_list
	: /* empty */		{ $$ = null; }
	| argument_list
	;

argument_list
	: argument		
	  { 
		ArrayList list = new ArrayList (4);
		list.Add ($1);
		$$ = list;
	  }
	| argument_list COMMA argument
	  {
		ArrayList list = (ArrayList) $1;
		list.Add ($3);
		$$ = list;
	  }
	| argument_list error {
		CheckToken (1026, yyToken, ", or ) expected");
	  }
	;

argument
	: expression
	  {
		$$ = new Argument ((Expression) $1, Argument.AType.Expression);
	  }
	| REF variable_reference 
	  { 
		$$ = new Argument ((Expression) $2, Argument.AType.Ref);
	  }
	| OUT variable_reference 
	  { 
		$$ = new Argument ((Expression) $2, Argument.AType.Out);
	  }
	;

variable_reference
	: expression { note ("section 5.4"); $$ = $1; }
	;

element_access
	: primary_expression OPEN_BRACKET expression_list CLOSE_BRACKET	
	  {
		$$ = new ElementAccess ((Expression) $1, (ArrayList) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| primary_expression rank_specifiers
	  {
		// So the super-trick is that primary_expression
		// can only be either a SimpleName or a MemberAccess. 
		// The MemberAccess case arises when you have a fully qualified type-name like :
		// Foo.Bar.Blah i;
		// SimpleName is when you have
		// Blah i;
		  
		Expression expr = (Expression) $1;  
		if (expr is ComposedCast){
			$$ = new ComposedCast (expr, (string) $2, lexer.Location);
		} else if (!(expr is SimpleName || expr is MemberAccess || expr is ConstructedType)){
			Error_ExpectingTypeName (lexer.Location, expr);
			$$ = TypeManager.system_object_expr;
		} else {
			//
			// So we extract the string corresponding to the SimpleName
			// or MemberAccess
			// 
			$$ = new ComposedCast (expr, (string) $2, lexer.Location);
		}
	  }
	;

expression_list
	: expression
	  {
		ArrayList list = new ArrayList (4);
		list.Add ($1);
		$$ = list;
	  }
	| expression_list COMMA expression
	  {
		ArrayList list = (ArrayList) $1;
		list.Add ($3);
		$$ = list;
	  }
	;

this_access
	: THIS
	  {
		$$ = new This (current_block, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

base_access
	: BASE DOT IDENTIFIER
	  {
		$$ = new BaseAccess ((string) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| BASE OPEN_BRACKET expression_list CLOSE_BRACKET
	  {
		$$ = new BaseIndexerAccess ((ArrayList) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| BASE error {
		Report.Error (175, "Use of keyword `base' is not valid in this context");
		$$ = null;
	  }
	;

post_increment_expression
	: primary_expression OP_INC
	  {
		$$ = new UnaryMutator (UnaryMutator.Mode.PostIncrement,
				       (Expression) $1, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

post_decrement_expression
	: primary_expression OP_DEC
	  {
		$$ = new UnaryMutator (UnaryMutator.Mode.PostDecrement,
				       (Expression) $1, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

new_expression
	: object_or_delegate_creation_expression
	| array_creation_expression
	;

object_or_delegate_creation_expression
	: NEW type OPEN_PARENS opt_argument_list CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		$$ = new New ((Expression) $2, (ArrayList) $4, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

array_creation_expression
	: NEW type OPEN_BRACKET expression_list CLOSE_BRACKET 
	  opt_rank_specifier
	  opt_array_initializer
	  {
		$$ = new ArrayCreation ((Expression) $2, (ArrayList) $4, (string) $6, (ArrayList) $7, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| NEW type rank_specifiers array_initializer
	  {
		$$ = new ArrayCreation ((Expression) $2, (string) $3, (ArrayList) $4, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| NEW type error 
	  {
		Report.Error (1526, lexer.Location, "new expression requires () or [] after type");
	  }
	;

opt_rank_specifier
	: /* empty */
	  {
		  $$ = "";
	  }
	| rank_specifiers
	  {
			$$ = $1;
	  }
	;

rank_specifiers
	: rank_specifier opt_rank_specifier
	  {
		  $$ = (string) $2 + (string) $1;
	  }
        ;

rank_specifier
	: OPEN_BRACKET opt_dim_separators CLOSE_BRACKET
	  {
		$$ = "[" + (string) $2 + "]";
	  }
	;

opt_dim_separators
	: /* empty */
	  {
		$$ = "";
	  }
	| dim_separators
	  {
		  $$ = $1;
	  }		  
	;

dim_separators
	: COMMA
	  {
		$$ = ",";
	  }
	| dim_separators COMMA
	  {
		$$ = (string) $1 + ",";
	  }
	;

opt_array_initializer
	: /* empty */
	  {
		$$ = null;
	  }
        | array_initializer
	  {
		$$ = $1;
	  }
	;

array_initializer
	: OPEN_BRACE CLOSE_BRACE
	  {
		ArrayList list = new ArrayList (4);
		$$ = list;
	  }
	| OPEN_BRACE variable_initializer_list opt_comma CLOSE_BRACE
	  {
		$$ = (ArrayList) $2;
	  }
	;

variable_initializer_list
	: variable_initializer
	  {
		ArrayList list = new ArrayList (4);
		list.Add ($1);
		$$ = list;
	  }
	| variable_initializer_list COMMA variable_initializer
	  {
		ArrayList list = (ArrayList) $1;
		list.Add ($3);
		$$ = list;
	  }
	;

typeof_expression
	: TYPEOF OPEN_PARENS VOID CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		$$ = new TypeOfVoid (lexer.Location);
	  }
	| TYPEOF OPEN_PARENS type CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		$$ = new TypeOf ((Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

sizeof_expression
	: SIZEOF OPEN_PARENS type CLOSE_PARENS { 
		$$ = new SizeOf ((Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

checked_expression
	: CHECKED OPEN_PARENS expression CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		$$ = new CheckedExpr ((Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

unchecked_expression
	: UNCHECKED OPEN_PARENS expression CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		$$ = new UnCheckedExpr ((Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

pointer_member_access 
	: primary_expression OP_PTR IDENTIFIER
	  {
		Expression deref;

		deref = new Unary (Unary.Operator.Indirection, (Expression) $1, lexer.Location);
		$$ = new MemberAccess (deref, (string) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

anonymous_method_expression
	: DELEGATE opt_anonymous_method_signature {
		oob_stack.Push (current_local_parameters);
		current_local_parameters = (Parameters)$2;
		create_toplevel_block = true;
	  } block {
		create_toplevel_block = false;
		if (!RootContext.V2){
			Report.Error (-213, lexer.Location, "Anonymous methods are only supported in V2");
			$$ = null;
		} else 
			$$ = new AnonymousMethod ((Parameters) $2, (Block) $4, lexer.Location);
		current_local_parameters = (Parameters) oob_stack.Pop ();
	  }
	;

opt_anonymous_method_signature
	: /* empty */			{ $$ = Parameters.EmptyReadOnlyParameters; }
	| anonymous_method_signature
	;

anonymous_method_signature
	: OPEN_PARENS opt_anonymous_method_parameter_list CLOSE_PARENS 
	  {
		if ($2 == null)
			$$ = Parameters.EmptyReadOnlyParameters;
		else {
			ArrayList par_list = (ArrayList) $2;
			Parameter [] pars = new Parameter [par_list.Count];
			par_list.CopyTo (pars);
			$$ = new Parameters (pars, null, lexer.Location);
		}
	  }
	;

opt_anonymous_method_parameter_list
	: /* empty */	{ $$ = null; } 
	| anonymous_method_parameter_list  { $$ = $1; }
	;

anonymous_method_parameter_list
	: anonymous_method_parameter 
	  {
		ArrayList a = new ArrayList (4);
		a.Add ($1);
		$$ = a;
	  }
	| anonymous_method_parameter_list COMMA anonymous_method_parameter 
	  {
		ArrayList a = (ArrayList) $1;
		a.Add ($3);
		$$ = a;
	  }
	; 

anonymous_method_parameter
	: opt_parameter_modifier type IDENTIFIER {
		$$ = new Parameter ((Expression) $2, (string) $2, (Parameter.Modifier) $1, null);
	  }
	;

default_value_expression
	: DEFAULT_OPEN_PARENS type CLOSE_PARENS
	  {
		$$ = new DefaultValueExpression ((Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

unary_expression
	: primary_expression
	| BANG prefixed_unary_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Unary (Unary.Operator.LogicalNot, (Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| TILDE prefixed_unary_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Unary (Unary.Operator.OnesComplement, (Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| cast_expression
	;

cast_list
	: parenthesized_expression_0 CLOSE_PARENS_CAST unary_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Cast ((Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| parenthesized_expression_0 CLOSE_PARENS_OPEN_PARENS cast_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Cast ((Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }	
	;

cast_expression
	: cast_list
	| OPEN_PARENS non_expression_type CLOSE_PARENS prefixed_unary_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Cast ((Expression) $2, (Expression) $4, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

	//
	// The idea to split this out is from Rhys' grammar
	// to solve the problem with casts.
	//
prefixed_unary_expression
	: unary_expression
	| PLUS prefixed_unary_expression
	  { 
	  	$$ = new Unary (Unary.Operator.UnaryPlus, (Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  } 
	| MINUS prefixed_unary_expression 
	  { 
		$$ = new Unary (Unary.Operator.UnaryNegation, (Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| OP_INC prefixed_unary_expression 
	  {
		$$ = new UnaryMutator (UnaryMutator.Mode.PreIncrement,
				       (Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| OP_DEC prefixed_unary_expression 
	  {
		$$ = new UnaryMutator (UnaryMutator.Mode.PreDecrement,
				       (Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| STAR prefixed_unary_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Unary (Unary.Operator.Indirection, (Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| BITWISE_AND prefixed_unary_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Unary (Unary.Operator.AddressOf, (Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

pre_increment_expression
	: OP_INC prefixed_unary_expression 
	  {
		$$ = new UnaryMutator (UnaryMutator.Mode.PreIncrement,
				       (Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

pre_decrement_expression
	: OP_DEC prefixed_unary_expression 
	  {
		$$ = new UnaryMutator (UnaryMutator.Mode.PreDecrement,
				       (Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

multiplicative_expression
	: prefixed_unary_expression
	| multiplicative_expression STAR prefixed_unary_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Multiply, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| multiplicative_expression DIV prefixed_unary_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Division, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| multiplicative_expression PERCENT prefixed_unary_expression 
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Modulus, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

additive_expression
	: multiplicative_expression
	| additive_expression PLUS multiplicative_expression 
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Addition, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| additive_expression MINUS multiplicative_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Subtraction, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

shift_expression
	: additive_expression
	| shift_expression OP_SHIFT_LEFT additive_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.LeftShift, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| shift_expression OP_SHIFT_RIGHT additive_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.RightShift, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	; 

relational_expression
	: shift_expression
	| relational_expression OP_LT shift_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.LessThan, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| relational_expression OP_GT shift_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.GreaterThan, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| relational_expression OP_LE shift_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.LessThanOrEqual, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| relational_expression OP_GE shift_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| relational_expression IS type
	  {
		$$ = new Is ((Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| relational_expression AS type
	  {
		$$ = new As ((Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

equality_expression
	: relational_expression
	| equality_expression OP_EQ relational_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Equality, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| equality_expression OP_NE relational_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Inequality, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	; 

and_expression
	: equality_expression
	| and_expression BITWISE_AND equality_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.BitwiseAnd, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

exclusive_or_expression
	: and_expression
	| exclusive_or_expression CARRET and_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.ExclusiveOr, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

inclusive_or_expression
	: exclusive_or_expression
	| inclusive_or_expression BITWISE_OR exclusive_or_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.BitwiseOr, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

conditional_and_expression
	: inclusive_or_expression
	| conditional_and_expression OP_AND inclusive_or_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.LogicalAnd, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

conditional_or_expression
	: conditional_and_expression
	| conditional_or_expression OP_OR conditional_and_expression
	  {
		$$ = new Binary (Binary.Operator.LogicalOr, 
			         (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

conditional_expression
	: conditional_or_expression
	| conditional_or_expression INTERR expression COLON expression 
	  {
		$$ = new Conditional ((Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, (Expression) $5, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

assignment_expression
	: prefixed_unary_expression ASSIGN expression
	  {
		$$ = new Assign ((Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| prefixed_unary_expression OP_MULT_ASSIGN expression
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;

		$$ = new CompoundAssign (
			Binary.Operator.Multiply, (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, l);
	  }
	| prefixed_unary_expression OP_DIV_ASSIGN expression
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;

		$$ = new CompoundAssign (
			Binary.Operator.Division, (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, l);
	  }
	| prefixed_unary_expression OP_MOD_ASSIGN expression
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;

		$$ = new CompoundAssign (
			Binary.Operator.Modulus, (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, l);
	  }
	| prefixed_unary_expression OP_ADD_ASSIGN expression
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;

		$$ = new CompoundAssign (
			Binary.Operator.Addition, (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, l);
	  }
	| prefixed_unary_expression OP_SUB_ASSIGN expression
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;

		$$ = new CompoundAssign (
			Binary.Operator.Subtraction, (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, l);
	  }
	| prefixed_unary_expression OP_SHIFT_LEFT_ASSIGN expression
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;

		$$ = new CompoundAssign (
			Binary.Operator.LeftShift, (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, l);
	  }
	| prefixed_unary_expression OP_SHIFT_RIGHT_ASSIGN expression
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;

		$$ = new CompoundAssign (
			Binary.Operator.RightShift, (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, l);
	  }
	| prefixed_unary_expression OP_AND_ASSIGN expression
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;

		$$ = new CompoundAssign (
			Binary.Operator.BitwiseAnd, (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, l);
	  }
	| prefixed_unary_expression OP_OR_ASSIGN expression
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;

		$$ = new CompoundAssign (
			Binary.Operator.BitwiseOr, (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, l);
	  }
	| prefixed_unary_expression OP_XOR_ASSIGN expression
	  {
		Location l = lexer.Location;

		$$ = new CompoundAssign (
			Binary.Operator.ExclusiveOr, (Expression) $1, (Expression) $3, l);
	  }
	;

expression
	: conditional_expression
	| assignment_expression
	;

constant_expression
	: expression
	;

boolean_expression
	: expression
	;

//
// 10 classes
//
class_declaration
	: opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  CLASS IDENTIFIER
	  {
		Class new_class;
		string name;

		name = MakeName ((string) $4);

		new_class = new Class (current_namespace, current_container, name, (int) $2, 
				       (Attributes) $1, lexer.Location);
		current_container = new_class;
		RootContext.Tree.RecordDecl (name, new_class);

		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = true;
	  }
	  opt_type_parameter_list
	  opt_class_base
	  opt_type_parameter_constraints_clauses
	  {
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = false;
	  }
	  class_body 
	  opt_semicolon 
	  {
		Class new_class = (Class) current_container;

		if ($8 != null && $6 == null)
			Report.Error (80, lexer.Location,
				      "Contraints are not allowed on non-generic declarations");

		if ($6 != null)
			CheckDef (new_class.SetParameterInfo ((ArrayList) $6, (ArrayList) $8), new_class.Name, new_class.Location);
		if ($7 != null) {
			if (new_class.Name == "System.Object") {
				Report.Error (537, new_class.Location, "The class System.Object cannot have a base class or implement an interface.");
			}

			new_class.Bases = (ArrayList) $7;
		}
		current_container = current_container.Parent;
		CheckDef (current_container.AddClass (new_class), new_class.Name, new_class.Location);

		$$ = new_class;
	  }
	| opt_attributes
	  opt_modifiers
	  CLASS IDENTIFIER
	  {
		lexer.ConstraintsParsing = true;
	  }
	  WHERE {
		Report.Error (80, lexer.Location,
			      "Contraints are not allowed on non-generic declarations");
		yyErrorFlag = 0;
		$$ = null;
	  }
	;	

opt_modifiers
	: /* empty */		{ $$ = (int) 0; }
	| modifiers
	;

modifiers
	: modifier
	| modifiers modifier
	  { 
		int m1 = (int) $1;
		int m2 = (int) $2;

		if ((m1 & m2) != 0) {
			Location l = lexer.Location;
			Report.Error (1004, l, "Duplicate modifier: `" + Modifiers.Name (m2) + "'");
		}
		$$ = (int) (m1 | m2);
	  }
        ;

modifier
	: NEW			{ $$ = Modifiers.NEW; }
	| PUBLIC		{ $$ = Modifiers.PUBLIC; }
	| PROTECTED		{ $$ = Modifiers.PROTECTED; }
	| INTERNAL		{ $$ = Modifiers.INTERNAL; }
	| PRIVATE		{ $$ = Modifiers.PRIVATE; }
	| ABSTRACT		{ $$ = Modifiers.ABSTRACT; }
	| SEALED		{ $$ = Modifiers.SEALED; }
	| STATIC		{ $$ = Modifiers.STATIC; }
	| READONLY		{ $$ = Modifiers.READONLY; }
	| VIRTUAL		{ $$ = Modifiers.VIRTUAL; }
	| OVERRIDE 		{ $$ = Modifiers.OVERRIDE; }
	| EXTERN		{ $$ = Modifiers.EXTERN; }
	| VOLATILE		{ $$ = Modifiers.VOLATILE; }
	| UNSAFE		{ $$ = Modifiers.UNSAFE; }
	;

opt_class_base
	: /* empty */		{ $$ = null; }
	| class_base		{ $$ = $1;   }
	;

class_base
	: COLON type_list { $$ = $2; }
	;

opt_type_parameter_list
	: /* empty */		{ $$ = null; }
	| type_parameter_list   { $$ = $1; }
	;

type_parameter_list
	: OP_GENERICS_LT type_parameters OP_GENERICS_GT { $$ = $2; }
	;

type_parameters
	: type_parameter { 
		// 
		// Do some profiling to find the optimal size, for now we
		// assume most people will be generic on one type (saves space
		//
		ArrayList type_parameters = new ArrayList (1);
		type_parameters.Add ($1);
		$$ = type_parameters;
	  }
	| type_parameters COMMA type_parameter {
		ArrayList type_parameters = (ArrayList) $1;

		type_parameters.Add ($3);
		$$ = type_parameters;
	  }
	;

type_parameter
	: IDENTIFIER
	;

opt_type_parameter_constraints_clauses
	: /* empty */		{ $$ = null; }
	| type_parameter_constraints_clauses 
	  { $$ = $1; }
	;

type_parameter_constraints_clauses
	: type_parameter_constraints_clause
	| type_parameter_constraints_clauses type_parameter_constraints_clause {
		ArrayList constraints = (ArrayList) $1;

		constraints.Add ($2);
		$$ = constraints;
	  }
	; 

type_parameter_constraints_clause
	: WHERE type_parameter COLON type_parameter_constraints {
		ArrayList constraints = new ArrayList (1);
		constraints.Add (new Constraints ((string) $2, (ArrayList) $4, lexer.Location));
		$$ = constraints;
	  }
	; 

type_parameter_constraints
	: type_parameter_constraint {
		ArrayList constraints = new ArrayList (1);
		constraints.Add ($1);
		$$ = constraints;
	  }
	| type_parameter_constraints COMMA type_parameter_constraint {
		ArrayList constraints = (ArrayList) $1;

		constraints.Add ($3);
		$$ = constraints;
	  }
	;

type_parameter_constraint
	: type
	| NEW OPEN_PARENS CLOSE_PARENS {
		$$ = true;
	  }
	;

//
// Statements (8.2)
//

//
// A block is "contained" on the following places:
//	method_body
//	property_declaration as part of the accessor body (get/set)
//      operator_declaration
//	constructor_declaration
//	destructor_declaration
//	event_declaration as part of add_accessor_declaration or remove_accessor_declaration
//      
block
	: OPEN_BRACE 
	  {
		if (current_block == null || create_toplevel_block){
			current_block = new ToplevelBlock (current_local_parameters, lexer.Location);
		} else {
		current_block = new Block (current_block, current_local_parameters,
					   lexer.Location, Location.Null);
		}
	  } 
	  opt_statement_list CLOSE_BRACE 
	  { 
		while (current_block.Implicit)
			current_block = current_block.Parent;
		$$ = current_block;
		current_block.SetEndLocation (lexer.Location);
		current_block = current_block.Parent;
	  }
	;

opt_statement_list
	: /* empty */
	| statement_list 
	;

statement_list
	: statement
	| statement_list statement
	;

statement
	: declaration_statement
	  {
		if ($1 != null && (Block) $1 != current_block){
			current_block.AddStatement ((Statement) $1);
			current_block = (Block) $1;
		}
	  }
	| embedded_statement
	  {
		current_block.AddStatement ((Statement) $1);
	  }
	| labeled_statement
	;

embedded_statement
	: block
	| empty_statement
        | expression_statement
	| selection_statement
	| iteration_statement
	| jump_statement		  
	| try_statement
	| checked_statement
	| unchecked_statement
	| lock_statement
	| using_statement
	| unsafe_statement
	| fixed_statement
	;

empty_statement
	: SEMICOLON
	  {
		  $$ = EmptyStatement.Value;
	  }
	;

labeled_statement
	: IDENTIFIER COLON 
	  {
		LabeledStatement labeled = new LabeledStatement ((string) $1, lexer.Location);

		if (!current_block.AddLabel ((string) $1, labeled)){
			Location l = lexer.Location;
			Report.Error (140, l, "The label '" + ((string) $1) + "' is a duplicate");
		}	
		current_block.AddStatement (labeled);
	  }
	  statement
	;

declaration_statement
	: local_variable_declaration SEMICOLON
	  {
		if ($1 != null){
			DictionaryEntry de = (DictionaryEntry) $1;

			$$ = declare_local_variables ((Expression) de.Key, (ArrayList) de.Value, lexer.Location);
		}
	  }

	| local_constant_declaration SEMICOLON
	  {
		if ($1 != null){
			DictionaryEntry de = (DictionaryEntry) $1;

			$$ = declare_local_constants ((Expression) de.Key, (ArrayList) de.Value);
		}
	  }
	;

/* 
 * The following is from Rhys' grammar:
 * > Types in local variable declarations must be recognized as 
 * > expressions to prevent reduce/reduce errors in the grammar.
 * > The expressions are converted into types during semantic analysis.
 */
local_variable_type
	: primary_expression opt_rank_specifier
	  { 
		// FIXME: Do something smart here regarding the composition of the type.

		// Ok, the above "primary_expression" is there to get rid of
		// both reduce/reduce and shift/reduces in the grammar, it should
		// really just be "type_name".  If you use type_name, a reduce/reduce
		// creeps up.  If you use namespace_or_type_name (which is all we need
		// really) two shift/reduces appear.
		// 

		// So the super-trick is that primary_expression
		// can only be either a SimpleName or a MemberAccess. 
		// The MemberAccess case arises when you have a fully qualified type-name like :
		// Foo.Bar.Blah i;
		// SimpleName is when you have
		// Blah i;
		  
		Expression expr = (Expression) $1;  
		if (!(expr is SimpleName || expr is MemberAccess || expr is ComposedCast || expr is ConstructedType)) {
			Error_ExpectingTypeName (lexer.Location, expr);
			$$ = null;
		} else {
			//
			// So we extract the string corresponding to the SimpleName
			// or MemberAccess
			// 

			if ((string) $2 == "")
				$$ = $1;
			else
				$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, (string) $2, lexer.Location);
		}
	  }
	| builtin_types opt_rank_specifier
	  {
		if ((string) $2 == "")
			$$ = $1;
		else
			$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, (string) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
        ;

local_variable_pointer_type
	: primary_expression STAR
	  {
		Expression expr = (Expression) $1;  
		Location l = lexer.Location;

		if (!(expr is SimpleName || expr is MemberAccess || expr is ComposedCast || expr is ConstructedType)) {
			Error_ExpectingTypeName (l, expr);

			$$ = null;
		} else 
			$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, "*", l);
	  }
        | builtin_types STAR
	  {
		$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, "*", lexer.Location);;
	  }
        | VOID STAR
	  {
		$$ = new ComposedCast (TypeManager.system_void_expr, "*", lexer.Location);;
	  }
	| local_variable_pointer_type STAR
          {
		$$ = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, "*", lexer.Location);
	  }
        ;

local_variable_declaration
	: local_variable_type variable_declarators
	  {
		if ($1 != null)
			$$ = new DictionaryEntry ($1, $2);
		else
			$$ = null;
	  }
        | local_variable_pointer_type opt_rank_specifier variable_declarators
	{
		if ($1 != null){
			Expression t;

			if ((string) $2 == "")
				t = (Expression) $1;
			else
				t = new ComposedCast ((Expression) $1, (string) $2, lexer.Location);
			$$ = new DictionaryEntry (t, $3);
		} else 
			$$ = null;
	}
 	;

local_constant_declaration
	: CONST local_variable_type constant_declarators
	  {
		if ($2 != null)
			$$ = new DictionaryEntry ($2, $3);
		else
			$$ = null;
	  }
	;

expression_statement
	: statement_expression SEMICOLON
	  {
		$$ = $1;
	  }
	;

	//
	// We have to do the wrapping here and not in the case above,
	// because statement_expression is used for example in for_statement
	//
statement_expression
	: invocation_expression		{ $$ = new StatementExpression ((ExpressionStatement) $1, lexer.Location); }
	| object_creation_expression	{ $$ = new StatementExpression ((ExpressionStatement) $1, lexer.Location); }
	| assignment_expression		{ $$ = new StatementExpression ((ExpressionStatement) $1, lexer.Location); }
	| post_increment_expression	{ $$ = new StatementExpression ((ExpressionStatement) $1, lexer.Location); }
	| post_decrement_expression	{ $$ = new StatementExpression ((ExpressionStatement) $1, lexer.Location); }
	| pre_increment_expression	{ $$ = new StatementExpression ((ExpressionStatement) $1, lexer.Location); }
	| pre_decrement_expression	{ $$ = new StatementExpression ((ExpressionStatement) $1, lexer.Location); }
	| error {
		Report.Error (1002, lexer.Location, "Expecting `;'");
		$$ = null;
	  }
	;

object_creation_expression
	: object_or_delegate_creation_expression
	  { note ("complain if this is a delegate maybe?"); } 
	;

selection_statement
	: if_statement
	| switch_statement
	; 

if_statement
	: if_statement_open if_statement_rest
	  {
		$$ = $2;
	  }
	;

if_statement_open
	: IF OPEN_PARENS 
	  {
	   	oob_stack.Push (lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

if_statement_rest
	: boolean_expression CLOSE_PARENS 
	  embedded_statement
	  { 
		Location l = (Location) oob_stack.Pop ();

		$$ = new If ((Expression) $1, (Statement) $3, l);

		if (RootContext.WarningLevel >= 3){
			if ($3 == EmptyStatement.Value)
				Report.Warning (642, lexer.Location, "Possibly mistaken empty statement");
		}

	  }
	| boolean_expression CLOSE_PARENS
	  embedded_statement ELSE embedded_statement
	  {
		Location l = (Location) oob_stack.Pop ();

		$$ = new If ((Expression) $1, (Statement) $3, (Statement) $5, l);
	  }
	;

switch_statement
	: SWITCH OPEN_PARENS 
	  { 
		oob_stack.Push (lexer.Location);
		switch_stack.Push (current_block);
	  }
	  expression CLOSE_PARENS 
	  switch_block
	  {
		$$ = new Switch ((Expression) $4, (ArrayList) $6, (Location) oob_stack.Pop ());
		current_block = (Block) switch_stack.Pop ();
	  }
	;

switch_block
	: OPEN_BRACE
	  opt_switch_sections
	  CLOSE_BRACE
	  {
		$$ = $2;
	  }
	;

opt_switch_sections
	: /* empty */ 		
          {
	  	Report.Error (1522, lexer.Location, "Empty switch block"); 
	  }
	| switch_sections
	;

switch_sections
	: switch_section 
	  {
		ArrayList sections = new ArrayList (4);

		sections.Add ($1);
		$$ = sections;
	  }
	| switch_sections switch_section
	  {
		ArrayList sections = (ArrayList) $1;

		sections.Add ($2);
		$$ = sections;
	  }
	;

switch_section
	: switch_labels
	  {
		current_block = current_block.CreateSwitchBlock (lexer.Location);
	  }
 	  statement_list 
	  {
		Block topmost = current_block;

		while (topmost.Implicit)
			topmost = topmost.Parent;
		$$ = new SwitchSection ((ArrayList) $1, topmost);
	  }
	;

switch_labels
	: switch_label 
	  {
		ArrayList labels = new ArrayList (4);

		labels.Add ($1);
		$$ = labels;
	  }
	| switch_labels switch_label 
	  {
		ArrayList labels = (ArrayList) ($1);
		labels.Add ($2);

		$$ = labels;
	  }
	;

switch_label
	: CASE constant_expression COLON 	{ $$ = new SwitchLabel ((Expression) $2, lexer.Location); }
	| DEFAULT COLON				{ $$ = new SwitchLabel (null, lexer.Location); }
	| error {
		Report.Error (
			1523, lexer.Location, 
			"The keyword case or default must precede code in switch block");
	  }
	;

iteration_statement
	: while_statement
	| do_statement
	| for_statement
	| foreach_statement
	;

while_statement
	: WHILE OPEN_PARENS 
	{
		oob_stack.Push (lexer.Location);
	}
	boolean_expression CLOSE_PARENS embedded_statement
	{
		Location l = (Location) oob_stack.Pop ();
		$$ = new While ((Expression) $4, (Statement) $6, l);
	
		if (RootContext.WarningLevel >= 3){
			if ($6 == EmptyStatement.Value)
				Report.Warning (642, lexer.Location, "Possibly mistaken empty statement");
		}
	}
	;

do_statement
	: DO embedded_statement 
	  WHILE OPEN_PARENS {
		oob_stack.Push (lexer.Location);
	  }
	  boolean_expression CLOSE_PARENS SEMICOLON
	  {
		Location l = (Location) oob_stack.Pop ();

		$$ = new Do ((Statement) $2, (Expression) $6, l);
	  }
	;

for_statement
	: FOR OPEN_PARENS 
	  opt_for_initializer SEMICOLON
	  {
		Block assign_block = new Block (current_block);
		current_block = assign_block;

		if ($3 is DictionaryEntry){
			DictionaryEntry de = (DictionaryEntry) $3;
			
			Expression type = (Expression) de.Key;
			ArrayList var_declarators = (ArrayList) de.Value;

			foreach (VariableDeclaration decl in var_declarators){

				LocalInfo vi;

				vi = current_block.AddVariable (
					type, decl.identifier, current_local_parameters, decl.Location);
				if (vi == null)
					continue;

				Location l = lexer.Location;
				Expression expr;
				if (decl.expression_or_array_initializer is Expression){
					expr = (Expression) decl.expression_or_array_initializer;
				} else if (decl.expression_or_array_initializer == null) {
					expr = null;
				} else {
					ArrayList init = (ArrayList) decl.expression_or_array_initializer;
					expr = new ArrayCreation (type, "", init, decl.Location);
				}
					
				LocalVariableReference var;
				var = new LocalVariableReference (assign_block, decl.identifier, l);

				if (expr != null) {
					Assign a = new Assign (var, expr, decl.Location);
					
					assign_block.AddStatement (new StatementExpression (a, lexer.Location));
				}
			}
			
			$3 = null;
		} 
		oob_stack.Push (lexer.Location);
	  } 
	  opt_for_condition SEMICOLON
	  opt_for_iterator CLOSE_PARENS 
	  embedded_statement
	  {
		Location l = (Location) oob_stack.Pop ();

		For f = new For ((Statement) $3, (Expression) $6, (Statement) $8, (Statement) $10, l);

		if (RootContext.WarningLevel >= 3){
			if ($10 == EmptyStatement.Value)
				Report.Warning (642, lexer.Location, "Possibly mistaken empty statement");
		}

		current_block.AddStatement (f);
		while (current_block.Implicit)
			current_block = current_block.Parent;
		$$ = current_block;
		current_block = current_block.Parent;
	  }
	;

opt_for_initializer
	: /* empty */		{ $$ = EmptyStatement.Value; }
	| for_initializer	
	;

for_initializer
	: local_variable_declaration
	| statement_expression_list
	;

opt_for_condition
	: /* empty */		{ $$ = null; }
	| boolean_expression
	;

opt_for_iterator
	: /* empty */		{ $$ = EmptyStatement.Value; }
	| for_iterator
	;

for_iterator
	: statement_expression_list
	;

statement_expression_list
	: statement_expression	
	  {
		// CHANGE: was `null'
		Block b = new Block (current_block, Block.Flags.Implicit);   

		b.AddStatement ((Statement) $1);
		$$ = b;
	  }
	| statement_expression_list COMMA statement_expression
	  {
		Block b = (Block) $1;

		b.AddStatement ((Statement) $3);
		$$ = $1;
	  }
	;

foreach_statement
	: FOREACH OPEN_PARENS type IDENTIFIER IN 
	  {
		oob_stack.Push (lexer.Location);
	  }
	  expression CLOSE_PARENS 
	  {
		oob_stack.Push (current_block);

		Block foreach_block = new Block (current_block, Block.Flags.Implicit);
		LocalVariableReference v = null;
		Location l = lexer.Location;
		LocalInfo vi;

		vi = foreach_block.AddVariable ((Expression) $3, (string) $4, current_local_parameters, l);
		if (vi != null) {
			vi.ReadOnly = true;

			// Get a writable reference to this read-only variable.
			v = new LocalVariableReference (foreach_block, (string) $4, l, vi, false);
		}
		current_block = foreach_block;

		oob_stack.Push (v);
		oob_stack.Push (current_block);
	  } 
	  embedded_statement 
	  {
		Block foreach_block = (Block) oob_stack.Pop ();
		LocalVariableReference v = (LocalVariableReference) oob_stack.Pop ();
		Block prev_block = (Block) oob_stack.Pop ();
		Location l = (Location) oob_stack.Pop ();

		current_block = prev_block;

		if (v != null) {
			Foreach f = new Foreach ((Expression) $3, v, (Expression) $7, (Statement) $10, l);
			foreach_block.AddStatement (f);
		}

		$$ = foreach_block;
	  }
	;

jump_statement
	: break_statement
	| continue_statement
	| goto_statement
	| return_statement
	| throw_statement
	| yield_statement
	;

break_statement
	: BREAK SEMICOLON
	  {
		$$ = new Break (lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

continue_statement
	: CONTINUE SEMICOLON
	  {
		$$ = new Continue (lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

goto_statement
	: GOTO IDENTIFIER SEMICOLON 
	  {
		$$ = new Goto (current_block, (string) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| GOTO CASE constant_expression SEMICOLON
	  {
		$$ = new GotoCase ((Expression) $3, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| GOTO DEFAULT SEMICOLON 
	  {
		$$ = new GotoDefault (lexer.Location);
	  }
	; 

return_statement
	: RETURN opt_expression SEMICOLON
	  {
		$$ = new Return ((Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

throw_statement
	: THROW opt_expression SEMICOLON
	  {
		$$ = new Throw ((Expression) $2, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

yield_statement 
	: IDENTIFIER RETURN expression SEMICOLON
	  {
		string s = (string) $1;
		if (s != "yield"){
			Report.Error (1003, lexer.Location, "; expected");
			$$ = null;
		}
		if (!RootContext.V2){
			Report.Error (-222, lexer.Location, "yield statement only available in C# 2.0 mode");
			$$ = null;
		}
		if (iterator_container == null){
			Report.Error (204, lexer.Location, "yield statement can only be used within a method, operator or property");
			$$ = null;
		} else {
			iterator_container.SetYields ();
			$$ = new Yield ((Expression) $3, lexer.Location); 
		}
	  }
	| IDENTIFIER BREAK SEMICOLON
	  {
		string s = (string) $1;
		if (s != "yield"){
			Report.Error (1003, lexer.Location, "; expected");
			$$ = null;
		}
		if (!RootContext.V2){
			Report.Error (-222, lexer.Location, "yield statement only available in C# 2.0 mode");
			$$ = null;
		}
		if (iterator_container == null){
			Report.Error (204, lexer.Location, "yield statement can only be used within a method, operator or property");
			$$ = null;
		} else {
			iterator_container.SetYields ();
			$$ = new YieldBreak (lexer.Location);
		}
	  }
	;

opt_expression
	: /* empty */
	| expression
	;

try_statement
	: TRY block catch_clauses 
	{
		Catch g = null;
		ArrayList s = new ArrayList (4);
		
		foreach (Catch cc in (ArrayList) $3) {
			if (cc.IsGeneral)
				g = cc;
			else
				s.Add (cc);
		}

		// Now s contains the list of specific catch clauses
		// and g contains the general one.
		
		$$ = new Try ((Block) $2, s, g, null, lexer.Location);
	}
	| TRY block opt_catch_clauses FINALLY block
	  {
		Catch g = null;
		ArrayList s = new ArrayList (4);
		ArrayList catch_list = (ArrayList) $3;

		if (catch_list != null){
			foreach (Catch cc in catch_list) {
				if (cc.IsGeneral)
					g = cc;
				else
					s.Add (cc);
			}
		}

		$$ = new Try ((Block) $2, s, g, (Block) $5, lexer.Location);
	  }
	| TRY block error 
	  {
		Report.Error (1524, lexer.Location, "Expected catch or finally");
	  }
	;

opt_catch_clauses
	: /* empty */  { $$ = null; }
        | catch_clauses
	;

catch_clauses
	: catch_clause 
	  {
		ArrayList l = new ArrayList (4);

		l.Add ($1);
		$$ = l;
	  }
	| catch_clauses catch_clause
	  {
		ArrayList l = (ArrayList) $1;

		l.Add ($2);
		$$ = l;
	  }
	;

opt_identifier
	: /* empty */	{ $$ = null; }
	| IDENTIFIER
	;

catch_clause 
	: CATCH opt_catch_args 
	{
		Expression type = null;
		string id = null;
		
		if ($2 != null) {
			DictionaryEntry cc = (DictionaryEntry) $2;
			type = (Expression) cc.Key;
			id   = (string) cc.Value;

			if (id != null){
				ArrayList one = new ArrayList (4);
				Location loc = lexer.Location;

				one.Add (new VariableDeclaration (id, null, loc));

				$1 = current_block;
				current_block = new Block (current_block);
				Block b = declare_local_variables (type, one, loc);
				current_block = b;
			}
		}
	} block {
		Expression type = null;
		string id = null;

		if ($2 != null){
			DictionaryEntry cc = (DictionaryEntry) $2;
			type = (Expression) cc.Key;
			id   = (string) cc.Value;

			if ($1 != null){
				//
				// FIXME: I can change this for an assignment.
				//
				while (current_block != (Block) $1)
					current_block = current_block.Parent;
			}
		}


		$$ = new Catch (type, id , (Block) $4, lexer.Location);
	}
        ;

opt_catch_args
	: /* empty */ { $$ = null; }
        | catch_args
	;	  

catch_args 
        : OPEN_PARENS type opt_identifier CLOSE_PARENS 
        {
		$$ = new DictionaryEntry ($2, $3);
	}
        ;

checked_statement
	: CHECKED block
	  {
		$$ = new Checked ((Block) $2);
	  }
	;

unchecked_statement
	: UNCHECKED block
	  {
		$$ = new Unchecked ((Block) $2);
	  }
	;

unsafe_statement
	: UNSAFE 
	{
		if (!RootContext.Unsafe){
			Report.Error (227, lexer.Location, 
				"Unsafe code can only be used if --unsafe is used");
		}
	} block {
		$$ = new Unsafe ((Block) $3);
	}
	;

fixed_statement
	: FIXED OPEN_PARENS 
	  type fixed_pointer_declarators 
	  CLOSE_PARENS 
	  {
		Block assign_block = new Block (current_block, Block.Flags.Implicit);
		ArrayList list = (ArrayList) $4;
		Expression type = (Expression) $3;
		Location l = lexer.Location;
		int top = list.Count;

		for (int i = 0; i < top; i++){
			Pair p = (Pair) list [i];
			LocalInfo v;

			v = current_block.AddVariable (type, (string) p.First,current_local_parameters, l);
			if (v == null)
				continue;
			v.ReadOnly = true;
			p.First = v;
			list [i] = p;
		}
		current_block.AddStatement (assign_block);
		current_block = assign_block;
		oob_stack.Push (assign_block);
		oob_stack.Push (l);
	  }
	  embedded_statement 
	  {
		Location l = (Location) oob_stack.Pop ();
		oob_stack.Pop ();

		$$ = new Fixed ((Expression) $3, (ArrayList) $4, (Statement) $7, l);
	  }
	;

fixed_pointer_declarators
	: fixed_pointer_declarator	{ 
	   	ArrayList declarators = new ArrayList (4); 
		declarators.Add ($1);
		$$ = declarators;
	  }
	| fixed_pointer_declarators COMMA fixed_pointer_declarator
	  {
		ArrayList declarators = (ArrayList) $1;
		declarators.Add ($3);
		$$ = declarators;
	  }
	;

fixed_pointer_declarator
	: IDENTIFIER ASSIGN expression
	  {	
		$$ = new Pair ($1, $3);
	  }
	;

lock_statement
	: LOCK OPEN_PARENS expression CLOSE_PARENS 
	  {
		//
 	  } 
	  embedded_statement
	  {
		$$ = new Lock ((Expression) $3, (Statement) $6, lexer.Location);
	  }
	;

using_statement
	: USING OPEN_PARENS resource_acquisition CLOSE_PARENS 
	  {
		Block assign_block = new Block (current_block);
		current_block = assign_block;

		oob_stack.Push (lexer.Location);
		
		if ($3 is DictionaryEntry){
			DictionaryEntry de = (DictionaryEntry) $3;
			Location l = lexer.Location;

			Expression type = (Expression) de.Key;
			ArrayList var_declarators = (ArrayList) de.Value;

			ArrayList vars = new ArrayList (4);

			foreach (VariableDeclaration decl in var_declarators){

				LocalInfo vi	= current_block.AddVariable (
					type, decl.identifier, 
					current_local_parameters, decl.Location);
				if (vi == null)
					continue;
				vi.ReadOnly = true;

				Expression expr;
				if (decl.expression_or_array_initializer is Expression){
					expr = (Expression) decl.expression_or_array_initializer;
				} else {
					ArrayList init = (ArrayList) decl.expression_or_array_initializer;
					
					expr = new ArrayCreation (type, "", init, decl.Location);
				}

				LocalVariableReference var;

				// Get a writable reference to this read-only variable.
				var = new LocalVariableReference (assign_block, decl.identifier, l, vi, false);

				// This is so that it is not a warning on using variables
				vi.Used = true;

				vars.Add (new DictionaryEntry (var, expr));				

				// Assign a = new Assign (var, expr, decl.Location);
				// assign_block.AddStatement (new StatementExpression (a, lexer.Location));
			}
			$3 = new DictionaryEntry (type, vars);
		 }
	  } 
	  embedded_statement
	  {
		Using u = new Using ($3, (Statement) $6, (Location) oob_stack.Pop ());
		current_block.AddStatement (u);
		while (current_block.Implicit)
			current_block = current_block.Parent;
		$$ = current_block;
		current_block = current_block.Parent;
	  }
	; 

resource_acquisition
	: local_variable_declaration
	| expression
	;

%%

// <summary>
//   A class used to pass around variable declarations and constants
// </summary>
public class VariableDeclaration {
	public string identifier;
	public object expression_or_array_initializer;
	public Location Location;
	public Attributes OptAttributes;

	public VariableDeclaration (string id, object eoai, Location l, Attributes opt_attrs)
	{
		this.identifier = id;
		this.expression_or_array_initializer = eoai;
		this.Location = l;
		this.OptAttributes = opt_attrs;
	}

	public VariableDeclaration (string id, object eoai, Location l) : this (id, eoai, l, null)
	{
	}
}

/// <summary>
///  Used to pass around interface property information
/// </summary>
public class InterfaceAccessorInfo {

        public readonly Accessor Get, Set;

        public InterfaceAccessorInfo (bool has_get, bool has_set,
                                      Attributes get_attrs, Attributes set_attrs)
        {
		if (has_get)
			Get = new Accessor (null, get_attrs);
		if (has_set)
			Set = new Accessor (null, set_attrs);
        }
}


// <summary>
//   A class used to hold info about an indexer declarator
// </summary>
public class IndexerDeclaration {
	public Expression type;
	public MemberName interface_type;
	public Parameters param_list;

	public IndexerDeclaration (Expression type, MemberName interface_type,
				   Parameters param_list)
	{
		this.type = type;
		this.interface_type = interface_type;
		this.param_list = param_list;
	}
}

//
// We use this when we do not have an object in advance that is an IIteratorContainer
//
public class SimpleIteratorContainer : IIteratorContainer {
	public bool Yields;

	public static SimpleIteratorContainer Simple = new SimpleIteratorContainer ();

	//
	// Reset and return
	//
	public static SimpleIteratorContainer GetSimple () { 
		Simple.Yields = false;
		return Simple;
	}

	public void SetYields () { Yields = true; } 
}

// <summary>
//  A class used to hold info about an operator declarator
// </summary>
public class OperatorDeclaration {
	public Operator.OpType optype;
	public Expression ret_type, arg1type, arg2type;
	public string arg1name, arg2name;
	public Location location;

	public OperatorDeclaration (Operator.OpType op, Expression ret_type, 
				    Expression arg1type, string arg1name,
				    Expression arg2type, string arg2name, Location location)
	{
		optype = op;
		this.ret_type = ret_type;
		this.arg1type = arg1type;
		this.arg1name = arg1name;
		this.arg2type = arg2type;
		this.arg2name = arg2name;
		this.location = location;
	}

}

void Error_ExpectingTypeName (Location l, Expression expr)
{
	if (expr is Invocation){
		Report.Error (1002, l, "; expected");
	} else {
		Report.Error (-1, l, "Invalid Type definition");
	}
}

// <summary>
//   Given the @class_name name, it creates a fully qualified name
//   based on the containing declaration space
// </summary>
string 
MakeName (string class_name)
{
	string ns = current_namespace.FullName;
	string container_name = current_container.Name;

	if (container_name == ""){
		if (ns != "")
			return ns + "." + class_name;
		else
			return class_name;
	} else
		return container_name + "." + class_name;
}

// <summary>
//   Used to report back to the user the result of a declaration
//   in the current declaration space
// </summary>
void 
CheckDef (DeclSpace.AdditionResult result, string name, Location l)
{
	if (result == DeclSpace.AdditionResult.Success)
		return;

	switch (result){
	case DeclSpace.AdditionResult.NameExists:
		Report.Error (102, l, "The container `" + current_container.Name + 
				 "' already contains a definition for `"+
				 name + "'");
		break;


		//
		// This is handled only for static Constructors, because
		// in reality we handle these by the semantic analysis later
		//
 	case DeclSpace.AdditionResult.MethodExists:
  		Report.Error (
			111, l, "Class `"+current_container.Name+
  			"' already defines a member called '" + 
  			name + "' with the same parameter types (more than one default constructor)");
  		break;

	case DeclSpace.AdditionResult.EnclosingClash:
		Report.Error (542, l, "Member names cannot be the same as their enclosing type");
		break;
		
	case DeclSpace.AdditionResult.NotAConstructor:
		Report.Error (1520, l, "Class, struct, or interface method must have a return type");
		break;

	case DeclSpace.AdditionResult.Error:
		// Error has already been reported.
		break;
	}
}

void 
CheckDef (bool result, string name, Location l)
{
	if (result)
		return;
	CheckDef (DeclSpace.AdditionResult.NameExists, name, l);
}

Block declare_local_variables (Expression type, ArrayList variable_declarators, Location loc)
{
	Block implicit_block;
	ArrayList inits = null;

	//
	// We use the `Used' property to check whether statements
	// have been added to the current block.  If so, we need
	// to create another block to contain the new declaration
	// otherwise, as an optimization, we use the same block to
	// add the declaration.
	//
	// FIXME: A further optimization is to check if the statements
	// that were added were added as part of the initialization
	// below.  In which case, no other statements have been executed
	// and we might be able to reduce the number of blocks for
	// situations like this:
	//
	// int j = 1;  int k = j + 1;
	//
	if (current_block.Used) {
		implicit_block = new Block (current_block, Block.Flags.Implicit, loc, Location.Null);
		implicit_block.AddChildVariableNames (current_block);
	} else
		implicit_block = current_block;

	foreach (VariableDeclaration decl in variable_declarators){

		if (implicit_block.AddVariable (type, decl.identifier, current_local_parameters, decl.Location) != null) {
			if (decl.expression_or_array_initializer != null){
				if (inits == null)
					inits = new ArrayList (4);
				inits.Add (decl);
			}
		}
	}

	if (inits == null)
		return implicit_block;

	foreach (VariableDeclaration decl in inits){
		Assign assign;
		Expression expr;
		
		if (decl.expression_or_array_initializer is Expression){
			expr = (Expression) decl.expression_or_array_initializer;

		} else {
			ArrayList init = (ArrayList) decl.expression_or_array_initializer;
			
			expr = new ArrayCreation (type, "", init, decl.Location);
		}

		LocalVariableReference var;
		var = new LocalVariableReference (implicit_block, decl.identifier, loc);

		assign = new Assign (var, expr, decl.Location);

		implicit_block.AddStatement (new StatementExpression (assign, lexer.Location));
	}
	
	return implicit_block;
}

Block declare_local_constants (Expression type, ArrayList declarators)
{
	Block implicit_block;

	if (current_block.Used)
		implicit_block = new Block (current_block, Block.Flags.Implicit);
	else
		implicit_block = current_block;

	foreach (VariableDeclaration decl in declarators){
		implicit_block.AddConstant (type, decl.identifier, (Expression) decl.expression_or_array_initializer,
						  current_local_parameters, decl.Location);
	}
	
	return implicit_block;
}

void CheckAttributeTarget (string a)
{
	switch (a) {

	case "assembly" : case "module" : case "field" : case "method" : case "param" : case "property" : case "type" :
		return;
		
	default :
		Location l = lexer.Location;
		Report.Error (658, l, "`" + a + "' is an invalid attribute target");
		break;
	}

}

void CheckUnaryOperator (Operator.OpType op)
{
	switch (op) {
		
	case Operator.OpType.LogicalNot: 
	case Operator.OpType.OnesComplement: 
	case Operator.OpType.Increment:
	case Operator.OpType.Decrement:
	case Operator.OpType.True: 
	case Operator.OpType.False: 
	case Operator.OpType.Addition: 
	case Operator.OpType.Subtraction:
		
		break;
		
	default :
		Location l = lexer.Location;
		Report.Error (1019, l, "Overloadable unary operator expected"); 
		break;
		
	}
}

void CheckBinaryOperator (Operator.OpType op)
{
	switch (op) {
		
	case Operator.OpType.Addition: 
	case Operator.OpType.Subtraction: 
	case Operator.OpType.Multiply:
	case Operator.OpType.Division:
	case Operator.OpType.Modulus: 
	case Operator.OpType.BitwiseAnd: 
	case Operator.OpType.BitwiseOr:
	case Operator.OpType.ExclusiveOr: 
	case Operator.OpType.LeftShift: 
	case Operator.OpType.RightShift:
	case Operator.OpType.Equality: 
	case Operator.OpType.Inequality:
	case Operator.OpType.GreaterThan: 
	case Operator.OpType.LessThan: 
	case Operator.OpType.GreaterThanOrEqual:
	case Operator.OpType.LessThanOrEqual:
		break;
		
	default :
		Location l = lexer.Location;
		Report.Error (1020, l, "Overloadable binary operator expected");
		break;
	}
	
}

void syntax_error (Location l, string msg)
{
	Report.Error (1003, l, "Syntax error, " + msg);
}

void output (string s)
{
	Console.WriteLine (s);
}

void note (string s)
{
	// Used to put annotations
}

Tokenizer lexer;

public Tokenizer Lexer {
	get {
		return lexer;
	}
}		   

public CSharpParser (SeekableStreamReader reader, SourceFile file, ArrayList defines)
{
	current_namespace = new NamespaceEntry (null, file, null, Location.Null);
	this.name = file.Name;
	this.file = file;
	current_container = RootContext.Tree.Types;
	current_container.NamespaceEntry = current_namespace;
	oob_stack = new Stack ();
	switch_stack = new Stack ();

	lexer = new Tokenizer (reader, file, defines);
}

public void parse ()
{
	try {
		if (yacc_verbose_flag)
			yyparse (lexer, new yydebug.yyDebugSimple ());
		else
			yyparse (lexer);
		Tokenizer tokenizer = lexer as Tokenizer;
		tokenizer.cleanup ();		
	} catch (Exception e){
		// Please do not remove this, it is used during debugging
		// of the grammar
		//
		Console.WriteLine (e);
		Report.Error (-25, lexer.Location, "Parsing error");
		if (Driver.parser_verbose)
			Console.WriteLine (e);
	}
}

void CheckToken (int error, int yyToken, string msg)
{
	if (yyToken >= Token.FIRST_KEYWORD && yyToken <= Token.LAST_KEYWORD){
		Report.Error (error, lexer.Location, String.Format ("{0}: `{1}' is a keyword", msg, yyNames [yyToken].ToLower ()));
		return;
	}		
	Report.Error (error, lexer.Location, msg);
}

void CheckIdentifierToken (int yyToken)
{
	CheckToken (1041, yyToken, "Identifier expected");
}

/* end end end */
}