util/flashrom/flashrom.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of the flashrom project.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2000 Silicon Integrated System Corporation
   5  * Copyright (C) 2004 Tyan Corp <yhlu@tyan.com>
   6  * Copyright (C) 2005-2008 coresystems GmbH
   7  *
   8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   9  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11  * (at your option) any later version.
  12  *
  13  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  14  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  16  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  17  *
  18  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  20  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
  21  */
  22
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <fcntl.h>
  25 #include <sys/mman.h>
  26 #include <sys/types.h>
  27 #include <sys/stat.h>
  28 #include <unistd.h>
  29 #include <stdio.h>
  30 #include <string.h>
  31 #include <stdlib.h>
  32 #include <getopt.h>
  33 #include <pci/pci.h>
  34 /* for iopl */
  35 #if defined (__sun) && (defined(__i386) || defined(__amd64))
  36 #include <strings.h>
  37 #include <sys/sysi86.h>
  38 #include <sys/psw.h>
  39 #include <asm/sunddi.h>
  40 #endif
  41 #include "flash.h"
  42
  43 char *chip_to_probe = NULL;
  44 struct pci_access *pacc;        /* For board and chipset_enable */
  45 int exclude_start_page, exclude_end_page;
  46 int verbose = 0;
  47 int fd_mem;
  48
  49 struct pci_dev *pci_dev_find(uint16_t vendor, uint16_t device)
  50 {
  51         struct pci_dev *temp;
  52         struct pci_filter filter;
  53
  54         pci_filter_init(NULL, &filter);
  55         filter.vendor = vendor;
  56         filter.device = device;
  57
  58         for (temp = pacc->devices; temp; temp = temp->next)
  59                 if (pci_filter_match(&filter, temp))
  60                         return temp;
  61
  62         return NULL;
  63 }
  64
  65 struct pci_dev *pci_card_find(uint16_t vendor, uint16_t device,
  66                               uint16_t card_vendor, uint16_t card_device)
  67 {
  68         struct pci_dev *temp;
  69         struct pci_filter filter;
  70
  71         pci_filter_init(NULL, &filter);
  72         filter.vendor = vendor;
  73         filter.device = device;
  74
  75         for (temp = pacc->devices; temp; temp = temp->next)
  76                 if (pci_filter_match(&filter, temp)) {
  77                         if ((card_vendor ==
  78                              pci_read_word(temp, PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID))
  79                             && (card_device ==
  80                                 pci_read_word(temp, PCI_SUBSYSTEM_ID)))
  81                                 return temp;
  82                 }
  83
  84         return NULL;
  85 }
  86
  87 int map_flash_registers(struct flashchip *flash)
  88 {
  89         volatile uint8_t *registers;
  90         size_t size = flash->total_size * 1024;
  91
  92         registers = mmap(0, size, PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED,
  93                          fd_mem, (off_t) (0xFFFFFFFF - 0x400000 - size + 1));
  94
  95         if (registers == MAP_FAILED) {
  96                 perror("Can't mmap registers using " MEM_DEV);
  97                 exit(1);
  98         }
  99         flash->virtual_registers = registers;
 100
 101         return 0;
 102 }
 103
 104 struct flashchip *probe_flash(struct flashchip *first_flash, int force)
 105 {
 106         volatile uint8_t *bios;
 107         struct flashchip *flash;
 108         unsigned long base = 0, size;
 109
 110         for (flash = first_flash; flash && flash->name; flash++) {
 111                 if (chip_to_probe && strcmp(flash->name, chip_to_probe) != 0)
 112                         continue;
 113                 printf_debug("Probing for %s %s, %d KB: ",
 114                              flash->vendor, flash->name, flash->total_size);
 115                 if (!flash->probe && !force) {
 116                         printf_debug("failed! flashrom has no probe function for this flash chip.\n");
 117                         continue;
 118                 }
 119
 120                 size = flash->total_size * 1024;
 121
 122                 /* If getpagesize() > size ->
 123                  * "Can't mmap memory using /dev/mem: Invalid argument"
 124                  * This should never happen as we don't support any flash chips
 125                  * smaller than 4k or 8k (yet).
 126                  */
 127
 128                 if (getpagesize() > size) {
 129                         /*
 130                          * if a flash size of 0 is mapped, we map a single page
 131                          * so we can probe in that area whether we know the
 132                          * vendor at least.
 133                          */
 134                         size = getpagesize();
 135                 }
 136
 137                 base = flashbase ? flashbase : (0xffffffff - size + 1);
 138                 bios = mmap(0, size, PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED,
 139                             fd_mem, (off_t) base);
 140                 if (bios == MAP_FAILED) {
 141                         perror("Can't mmap memory using " MEM_DEV);
 142                         exit(1);
 143                 }
 144                 flash->virtual_memory = bios;
 145
 146                 if (force)
 147                         break;
 148
 149                 if (flash->probe(flash) != 1)
 150                         goto notfound;
 151
 152                 if (first_flash == flashchips
 153                     || flash->model_id != GENERIC_DEVICE_ID)
 154                         break;
 155
 156 notfound:
 157                 munmap((void *)bios, size);
 158         }
 159
 160         if (!flash || !flash->name)
 161                 return NULL;
 162
 163         printf("Found chip \"%s %s\" (%d KB) at physical address 0x%lx.\n",
 164                flash->vendor, flash->name, flash->total_size, base);
 165         flashbase = base;
 166         return flash;
 167 }
 168
 169 int verify_flash(struct flashchip *flash, uint8_t *buf)
 170 {
 171         int idx;
 172         int total_size = flash->total_size * 1024;
 173         uint8_t *buf2 = (uint8_t *) calloc(total_size, sizeof(char));
 174         if (flash->read == NULL)
 175                 memcpy(buf2, (const char *)flash->virtual_memory, total_size);
 176         else
 177                 flash->read(flash, buf2);
 178
 179         printf("Verifying flash... ");
 180
 181         if (verbose)
 182                 printf("address: 0x00000000\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");
 183
 184         for (idx = 0; idx < total_size; idx++) {
 185                 if (verbose && ((idx & 0xfff) == 0xfff))
 186                         printf("0x%08x", idx);
 187
 188                 if (*(buf2 + idx) != *(buf + idx)) {
 189                         if (verbose)
 190                                 printf("0x%08x FAILED!", idx);
 191                         else
 192                                 printf("FAILED at 0x%08x!", idx);
 193                         printf("  Expected=0x%02x, Read=0x%02x\n",
 194                                *(buf + idx), *(buf2 + idx));
 195                         return 1;
 196                 }
 197
 198                 if (verbose && ((idx & 0xfff) == 0xfff))
 199                         printf("\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");
 200         }
 201         if (verbose)
 202                 printf("\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b ");
 203
 204         printf("VERIFIED.          \n");
 205
 206         return 0;
 207 }
 208
 209 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
 210 #define POS_PRINT(x) do { pos += strlen(x); printf(x); } while (0)
 211
 212 void print_supported_chips(void)
 213 {
 214         int okcol = 0, pos = 0;
 215         struct flashchip *f;
 216
 217         for (f = flashchips; f->name != NULL; f++) {
 218                 if (GENERIC_DEVICE_ID == f->model_id)
 219                         continue;
 220                 okcol = MAX(okcol, strlen(f->vendor) + 1 + strlen(f->name));
 221         }
 222         okcol = (okcol + 7) & ~7;
 223
 224         POS_PRINT("Supported flash chips:");
 225         while (pos < okcol) {
 226                 printf("\t");
 227                 pos += 8 - (pos % 8);
 228         }
 229         printf("Tested OK operations:\tKnown BAD operations:\n\n");
 230
 231         for (f = flashchips; f->name != NULL; f++) {
 232                 printf("%s %s", f->vendor, f->name);
 233                 pos = strlen(f->vendor) + 1 + strlen(f->name);
 234                 while (pos < okcol) {
 235                         printf("\t");
 236                         pos += 8 - (pos % 8);
 237                 }
 238                 if ((f->tested & TEST_OK_MASK)) {
 239                         if ((f->tested & TEST_OK_PROBE))
 240                                 POS_PRINT("PROBE ");
 241                         if ((f->tested & TEST_OK_READ))
 242                                 POS_PRINT("READ ");
 243                         if ((f->tested & TEST_OK_ERASE))
 244                                 POS_PRINT("ERASE ");
 245                         if ((f->tested & TEST_OK_WRITE))
 246                                 POS_PRINT("WRITE");
 247                 }
 248                 while (pos < okcol + 24) {
 249                         printf("\t");
 250                         pos += 8 - (pos % 8);
 251                 }
 252                 if ((f->tested & TEST_BAD_MASK)) {
 253                         if ((f->tested & TEST_BAD_PROBE))
 254                                 printf("PROBE ");
 255                         if ((f->tested & TEST_BAD_READ))
 256                                 printf("READ ");
 257                         if ((f->tested & TEST_BAD_ERASE))
 258                                 printf("ERASE ");
 259                         if ((f->tested & TEST_BAD_WRITE))
 260                                 printf("WRITE");
 261                 }
 262                 printf("\n");
 263         }
 264 }
 265
 266 void usage(const char *name)
 267 {
 268         printf("usage: %s [-rwvEVfLhR] [-c chipname] [-s exclude_start]\n",
 269                name);
 270         printf("       [-e exclude_end] [-m [vendor:]part] [-l file.layout] [-i imagename] [file]\n");
 271         printf
 272             ("   -r | --read:                      read flash and save into file\n"
 273              "   -w | --write:                     write file into flash\n"
 274              "   -v | --verify:                    verify flash against file\n"
 275              "   -E | --erase:                     erase flash device\n"
 276              "   -V | --verbose:                   more verbose output\n"
 277              "   -c | --chip <chipname>:           probe only for specified flash chip\n"
 278              "   -s | --estart <addr>:             exclude start position\n"
 279              "   -e | --eend <addr>:               exclude end postion\n"
 280              "   -m | --mainboard <[vendor:]part>: override mainboard settings\n"
 281              "   -f | --force:                     force write without checking image\n"
 282              "   -l | --layout <file.layout>:      read rom layout from file\n"
 283              "   -i | --image <name>:              only flash image name from flash layout\n"
 284              "   -L | --list-supported:            print supported devices\n"
 285              "   -h | --help:                      print this help text\n"
 286              "   -R | --version:                   print the version (release)\n"
 287              "\n" " If no file is specified, then all that happens"
 288              " is that flash info is dumped.\n\n");
 289         exit(1);
 290 }
 291
 292 void print_version(void)
 293 {
 294         printf("flashrom r%s\n", FLASHROM_VERSION);
 295 }
 296
 297 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 298 {
 299         uint8_t *buf;
 300         unsigned long size, numbytes;
 301         uint32_t erasedbytes;
 302         FILE *image;
 303         /* Probe for up to three flash chips. */
 304         struct flashchip *flash, *flashes[3];
 305         int opt;
 306         int option_index = 0;
 307         int force = 0;
 308         int read_it = 0, write_it = 0, erase_it = 0, verify_it = 0;
 309         int ret = 0, i;
 310 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
 311         int io_fd;
 312 #endif
 313
 314         static struct option long_options[] = {
 315                 {"read", 0, 0, 'r'},
 316                 {"write", 0, 0, 'w'},
 317                 {"erase", 0, 0, 'E'},
 318                 {"verify", 0, 0, 'v'},
 319                 {"chip", 1, 0, 'c'},
 320                 {"estart", 1, 0, 's'},
 321                 {"eend", 1, 0, 'e'},
 322                 {"mainboard", 1, 0, 'm'},
 323                 {"verbose", 0, 0, 'V'},
 324                 {"force", 0, 0, 'f'},
 325                 {"layout", 1, 0, 'l'},
 326                 {"image", 1, 0, 'i'},
 327                 {"list-supported", 0, 0, 'L'},
 328                 {"help", 0, 0, 'h'},
 329                 {"version", 0, 0, 'R'},
 330                 {0, 0, 0, 0}
 331         };
 332
 333         char *filename = NULL;
 334
 335         unsigned int exclude_start_position = 0, exclude_end_position = 0;      // [x,y)
 336         char *tempstr = NULL, *tempstr2 = NULL;
 337
 338         if (argc > 1) {
 339                 /* Yes, print them. */
 340                 int i;
 341                 printf_debug("The arguments are:\n");
 342                 for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
 343                         printf_debug("%s\n", argv[i]);
 344         }
 345
 346         setbuf(stdout, NULL);
 347         while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, "rRwvVEfc:s:e:m:l:i:Lh",
 348                                   long_options, &option_index)) != EOF) {
 349                 switch (opt) {
 350                 case 'r':
 351                         read_it = 1;
 352                         break;
 353                 case 'w':
 354                         write_it = 1;
 355                         break;
 356                 case 'v':
 357                         verify_it = 1;
 358                         break;
 359                 case 'c':
 360                         chip_to_probe = strdup(optarg);
 361                         break;
 362                 case 'V':
 363                         verbose = 1;
 364                         break;
 365                 case 'E':
 366                         erase_it = 1;
 367                         break;
 368                 case 's':
 369                         tempstr = strdup(optarg);
 370                         sscanf(tempstr, "%x", &exclude_start_position);
 371                         break;
 372                 case 'e':
 373                         tempstr = strdup(optarg);
 374                         sscanf(tempstr, "%x", &exclude_end_position);
 375                         break;
 376                 case 'm':
 377                         tempstr = strdup(optarg);
 378                         strtok(tempstr, ":");
 379                         tempstr2 = strtok(NULL, ":");
 380                         if (tempstr2) {
 381                                 lb_vendor = tempstr;
 382                                 lb_part = tempstr2;
 383                         } else {
 384                                 lb_vendor = NULL;
 385                                 lb_part = tempstr;
 386                         }
 387                         break;
 388                 case 'f':
 389                         force = 1;
 390                         break;
 391                 case 'l':
 392                         tempstr = strdup(optarg);
 393                         if (read_romlayout(tempstr))
 394                                 exit(1);
 395                         break;
 396                 case 'i':
 397                         tempstr = strdup(optarg);
 398                         find_romentry(tempstr);
 399                         break;
 400                 case 'L':
 401                         print_supported_chips();
 402                         print_supported_chipsets();
 403                         print_supported_boards();
 404                         exit(0);
 405                         break;
 406                 case 'R':
 407                         print_version();
 408                         exit(0);
 409                         break;
 410                 case 'h':
 411                 default:
 412                         usage(argv[0]);
 413                         break;
 414                 }
 415         }
 416
 417         if (read_it && write_it) {
 418                 printf("Error: -r and -w are mutually exclusive.\n");
 419                 usage(argv[0]);
 420         }
 421
 422         if (optind < argc)
 423                 filename = argv[optind++];
 424
 425         /* First get full io access */
 426 #if defined (__sun) && (defined(__i386) || defined(__amd64))
 427         if (sysi86(SI86V86, V86SC_IOPL, PS_IOPL) != 0) {
 428 #elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
 429         if ((io_fd = open("/dev/io", O_RDWR)) < 0) {
 430 #else
 431         if (iopl(3) != 0) {
 432 #endif
 433                 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Could not get IO privileges (%s).\nYou need to be root.\n", strerror(errno));
 434                 exit(1);
 435         }
 436
 437         /* Initialize PCI access for flash enables */
 438         pacc = pci_alloc();     /* Get the pci_access structure */
 439         /* Set all options you want -- here we stick with the defaults */
 440         pci_init(pacc);         /* Initialize the PCI library */
 441         pci_scan_bus(pacc);     /* We want to get the list of devices */
 442
 443         /* Open the memory device UNCACHED. That's important for MMIO. */
 444         if ((fd_mem = open(MEM_DEV, O_RDWR | O_SYNC)) < 0) {
 445                 perror("Error: Can not access memory using " MEM_DEV
 446                        ". You need to be root.");
 447                 exit(1);
 448         }
 449
 450         myusec_calibrate_delay();
 451
 452         /* We look at the lbtable first to see if we need a
 453          * mainboard specific flash enable sequence.
 454          */
 455         coreboot_init();
 456
 457         /* try to enable it. Failure IS an option, since not all motherboards
 458          * really need this to be done, etc., etc.
 459          */
 460         ret = chipset_flash_enable();
 461         if (ret == -2) {
 462                 printf("WARNING: No chipset found. Flash detection "
 463                        "will most likely fail.\n");
 464         }
 465
 466         board_flash_enable(lb_vendor, lb_part);
 467
 468         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(flashes); i++) {
 469                 flashes[i] =
 470                     probe_flash(i ? flashes[i - 1] + 1 : flashchips, 0);
 471                 if (!flashes[i])
 472                         for (i++; i < ARRAY_SIZE(flashes); i++)
 473                                 flashes[i] = NULL;
 474         }
 475
 476         if (flashes[1]) {
 477                 printf("Multiple flash chips were detected:");
 478                 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(flashes) && flashes[i]; i++)
 479                         printf(" %s", flashes[i]->name);
 480                 printf("\nPlease specify which chip to use with the -c <chipname> option.\n");
 481                 exit(1);
 482         } else if (!flashes[0]) {
 483                 printf("No EEPROM/flash device found.\n");
 484                 if (!force || !chip_to_probe) {
 485                         printf("If you know which flash chip you have, and if this version of flashrom\n");
 486                         printf("supports a similar flash chip, you can try to force read your chip. Run:\n");
 487                         printf("flashrom -f -r -c similar_supported_flash_chip filename\n");
 488                         printf("\n");
 489                         printf("Note: flashrom can never write when the flash chip isn't found automatically.\n");
 490                 }
 491                 if (force && read_it && chip_to_probe) {
 492                         printf("Force read (-f -r -c) requested, forcing chip probe success:\n");
 493                         flashes[0] = probe_flash(flashchips, 1);
 494                         if (!flashes[0]) {
 495                                 printf("flashrom does not support a flash chip named '%s'.\n", chip_to_probe);
 496                                 printf("Run flashrom -L to view the hardware supported in this flashrom version.\n");
 497                                 exit(1);
 498                         }
 499                         if (!filename) {
 500                                 printf("Error: No filename specified.\n");
 501                                 exit(1);
 502                         }
 503                         size = flashes[0]->total_size * 1024;
 504                         buf = (uint8_t *) calloc(size, sizeof(char));
 505
 506                         if ((image = fopen(filename, "w")) == NULL) {
 507                                 perror(filename);
 508                                 exit(1);
 509                         }
 510                         printf("Force reading flash... ");
 511                         if (!flashes[0]->read)
 512                                 memcpy(buf, (const char *)flashes[0]->virtual_memory, size);
 513                         else
 514                                 flashes[0]->read(flashes[0], buf);
 515
 516                         if (exclude_end_position - exclude_start_position > 0)
 517                                 memset(buf + exclude_start_position, 0,
 518                                        exclude_end_position -
 519                                        exclude_start_position);
 520
 521                         numbytes = fwrite(buf, 1, size, image);
 522                         fclose(image);
 523                         printf("%s.\n", numbytes == size ? "done" : "FAILED");
 524                         free(buf);
 525                         return numbytes != size;
 526                 }
 527                 // FIXME: flash writes stay enabled!
 528                 exit(1);
 529         }
 530
 531         flash = flashes[0];
 532
 533         if (TEST_OK_MASK != (flash->tested & TEST_OK_MASK)) {
 534                 printf("===\n");
 535                 if (flash->tested & TEST_BAD_MASK) {
 536                         printf("This flash part has status NOT WORKING for operations:");
 537                         if (flash->tested & TEST_BAD_PROBE)
 538                                 printf(" PROBE");
 539                         if (flash->tested & TEST_BAD_READ)
 540                                 printf(" READ");
 541                         if (flash->tested & TEST_BAD_ERASE)
 542                                 printf(" ERASE");
 543                         if (flash->tested & TEST_BAD_WRITE)
 544                                 printf(" WRITE");
 545                         printf("\n");
 546                 }
 547                 if ((!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_PROBE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_PROBE)) ||
 548                     (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_READ) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_READ)) ||
 549                     (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_ERASE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_ERASE)) ||
 550                     (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_WRITE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_WRITE))) {
 551                         printf("This flash part has status UNTESTED for operations:");
 552                         if (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_PROBE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_PROBE))
 553                                 printf(" PROBE");
 554                         if (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_READ) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_READ))
 555                                 printf(" READ");
 556                         if (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_ERASE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_ERASE))
 557                                 printf(" ERASE");
 558                         if (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_WRITE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_WRITE))
 559                                 printf(" WRITE");
 560                         printf("\n");
 561                 }
 562                 printf("Please email a report to flashrom@coreboot.org if any of the above operations\n");
 563                 printf("work correctly for you with this flash part. Please include the full output\n");
 564                 printf("from the program, including chipset found. Thank you for your help!\n");
 565                 printf("===\n");
 566         }
 567
 568         if (!(read_it | write_it | verify_it | erase_it)) {
 569                 printf("No operations were specified.\n");
 570                 // FIXME: flash writes stay enabled!
 571                 exit(1);
 572         }
 573
 574         if (!filename && !erase_it) {
 575                 printf("Error: No filename specified.\n");
 576                 // FIXME: flash writes stay enabled!
 577                 exit(1);
 578         }
 579
 580         size = flash->total_size * 1024;
 581         buf = (uint8_t *) calloc(size, sizeof(char));
 582
 583         if (erase_it) {
 584                 printf("Erasing flash chip... ");
 585                 if (NULL == flash->erase) {
 586                         printf("FAILED!\n");
 587                         fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: flashrom has no erase function for this flash chip.\n");
 588                         return 1;
 589                 }
 590                 flash->erase(flash);
 591                 if (NULL == flash->read)
 592                         memcpy(buf, (const char *)flash->virtual_memory, size);
 593                 else
 594                         flash->read(flash, buf);
 595                 for (erasedbytes = 0; erasedbytes <= size; erasedbytes++)
 596                         if (0xff != buf[erasedbytes]) {
 597                                 printf("FAILED!\n");
 598                                 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR at 0x%08x: Expected=0xff, Read=0x%02x\n",
 599                                         erasedbytes, buf[erasedbytes]);
 600                                 return 1;
 601                         }
 602                 printf("SUCCESS.\n");
 603                 return 0;
 604         } else if (read_it) {
 605                 if ((image = fopen(filename, "w")) == NULL) {
 606                         perror(filename);
 607                         exit(1);
 608                 }
 609                 printf("Reading flash... ");
 610                 if (flash->read == NULL)
 611                         memcpy(buf, (const char *)flash->virtual_memory, size);
 612                 else
 613                         flash->read(flash, buf);
 614
 615                 if (exclude_end_position - exclude_start_position > 0)
 616                         memset(buf + exclude_start_position, 0,
 617                                exclude_end_position - exclude_start_position);
 618
 619                 numbytes = fwrite(buf, 1, size, image);
 620                 fclose(image);
 621                 printf("%s.\n", numbytes == size ? "done" : "FAILED");
 622                 if (numbytes != size)
 623                         return 1;
 624         } else {
 625                 struct stat image_stat;
 626
 627                 if ((image = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
 628                         perror(filename);
 629                         exit(1);
 630                 }
 631                 if (fstat(fileno(image), &image_stat) != 0) {
 632                         perror(filename);
 633                         exit(1);
 634                 }
 635                 if (image_stat.st_size != flash->total_size * 1024) {
 636                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: Image size doesn't match\n");
 637                         exit(1);
 638                 }
 639
 640                 numbytes = fread(buf, 1, size, image);
 641                 show_id(buf, size, force);
 642                 fclose(image);
 643                 if (numbytes != size) {
 644                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: Failed to read file. Got %ld bytes, wanted %ld!\n", numbytes, size);
 645                         return 1;
 646                 }
 647         }
 648
 649         /* exclude range stuff. Nice idea, but at the moment it is only
 650          * supported in hardware by the pm49fl004 chips.
 651          * Instead of implementing this for all chips I suggest advancing
 652          * it to the rom layout feature below and drop exclude range
 653          * completely once all flash chips can do rom layouts. stepan
 654          */
 655
 656         // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 657         if (exclude_end_position - exclude_start_position > 0)
 658                 memcpy(buf + exclude_start_position,
 659                        (const char *)flash->virtual_memory +
 660                        exclude_start_position,
 661                        exclude_end_position - exclude_start_position);
 662
 663         exclude_start_page = exclude_start_position / flash->page_size;
 664         if ((exclude_start_position % flash->page_size) != 0) {
 665                 exclude_start_page++;
 666         }
 667         exclude_end_page = exclude_end_position / flash->page_size;
 668         // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 669
 670         // This should be moved into each flash part's code to do it
 671         // cleanly. This does the job.
 672         handle_romentries(buf, (uint8_t *) flash->virtual_memory);
 673
 674         // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 675
 676         if (write_it) {
 677                 if (!flash->write) {
 678                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: flashrom has no write function for this flash chip.\n");
 679                         return 1;
 680                 }
 681                 ret |= flash->write(flash, buf);
 682         }
 683
 684         if (verify_it)
 685                 ret |= verify_flash(flash, buf);
 686
 687 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
 688         close(io_fd);
 689 #endif
 690         return ret;
 691 }