util/flashrom/flashrom.c

   1 /*
   2  * This file is part of the flashrom project.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2000 Silicon Integrated System Corporation
   5  * Copyright (C) 2004 Tyan Corp <yhlu@tyan.com>
   6  * Copyright (C) 2005-2008 coresystems GmbH
   7  *
   8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   9  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  10  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  11  * (at your option) any later version.
  12  *
  13  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  14  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  16  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  17  *
  18  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  20  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
  21  */
  22
  23 #include <errno.h>
  24 #include <fcntl.h>
  25 #include <sys/mman.h>
  26 #include <sys/types.h>
  27 #include <sys/stat.h>
  28 #include <unistd.h>
  29 #include <stdio.h>
  30 #include <string.h>
  31 #include <stdlib.h>
  32 #include <getopt.h>
  33 #include <pci/pci.h>
  34 /* for iopl */
  35 #if defined (__sun) && (defined(__i386) || defined(__amd64))
  36 #include <strings.h>
  37 #include <sys/sysi86.h>
  38 #include <sys/psw.h>
  39 #include <asm/sunddi.h>
  40 #endif
  41 #include "flash.h"
  42
  43 char *chip_to_probe = NULL;
  44 struct pci_access *pacc;        /* For board and chipset_enable */
  45 int exclude_start_page, exclude_end_page;
  46 int verbose = 0;
  47 int fd_mem;
  48
  49 struct pci_dev *pci_dev_find(uint16_t vendor, uint16_t device)
  50 {
  51         struct pci_dev *temp;
  52         struct pci_filter filter;
  53
  54         pci_filter_init(NULL, &filter);
  55         filter.vendor = vendor;
  56         filter.device = device;
  57
  58         for (temp = pacc->devices; temp; temp = temp->next)
  59                 if (pci_filter_match(&filter, temp))
  60                         return temp;
  61
  62         return NULL;
  63 }
  64
  65 struct pci_dev *pci_card_find(uint16_t vendor, uint16_t device,
  66                               uint16_t card_vendor, uint16_t card_device)
  67 {
  68         struct pci_dev *temp;
  69         struct pci_filter filter;
  70
  71         pci_filter_init(NULL, &filter);
  72         filter.vendor = vendor;
  73         filter.device = device;
  74
  75         for (temp = pacc->devices; temp; temp = temp->next)
  76                 if (pci_filter_match(&filter, temp)) {
  77                         if ((card_vendor ==
  78                              pci_read_word(temp, PCI_SUBSYSTEM_VENDOR_ID))
  79                             && (card_device ==
  80                                 pci_read_word(temp, PCI_SUBSYSTEM_ID)))
  81                                 return temp;
  82                 }
  83
  84         return NULL;
  85 }
  86
  87 void mmap_errmsg()
  88 {
  89         if (EINVAL == errno) {
  90                 fprintf(stderr, "In Linux this error can be caused by the CONFIG_NONPROMISC_DEVMEM (<2.6.27),\n");
  91                 fprintf(stderr, "CONFIG_STRICT_DEVMEM (>=2.6.27) and CONFIG_X86_PAT kernel options.\n");
  92                 fprintf(stderr, "Please check if either is enabled in your kernel before reporting a failure.\n");
  93                 fprintf(stderr, "You can override CONFIG_X86_PAT at boot with the nopat kernel parameter but\n");
  94                 fprintf(stderr, "disabling the other option unfortunately requires a kernel recompile. Sorry!\n");
  95         }
  96 }
  97
  98 void map_flash_registers(struct flashchip *flash)
  99 {
 100         volatile uint8_t *registers;
 101         size_t size = flash->total_size * 1024;
 102
 103         registers = mmap(0, size, PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED,
 104                          fd_mem, (off_t) (0xFFFFFFFF - 0x400000 - size + 1));
 105
 106         if (registers == MAP_FAILED) {
 107                 perror("Can't mmap registers using " MEM_DEV);
 108                 mmap_errmsg();
 109                 exit(1);
 110         }
 111         flash->virtual_registers = registers;
 112 }
 113
 114 struct flashchip *probe_flash(struct flashchip *first_flash, int force)
 115 {
 116         volatile uint8_t *bios;
 117         struct flashchip *flash;
 118         unsigned long base = 0, size;
 119
 120         for (flash = first_flash; flash && flash->name; flash++) {
 121                 if (chip_to_probe && strcmp(flash->name, chip_to_probe) != 0)
 122                         continue;
 123                 printf_debug("Probing for %s %s, %d KB: ",
 124                              flash->vendor, flash->name, flash->total_size);
 125                 if (!flash->probe && !force) {
 126                         printf_debug("failed! flashrom has no probe function for this flash chip.\n");
 127                         continue;
 128                 }
 129
 130                 size = flash->total_size * 1024;
 131
 132                 /* If getpagesize() > size ->
 133                  * "Can't mmap memory using /dev/mem: Invalid argument"
 134                  * This should never happen as we don't support any flash chips
 135                  * smaller than 4k or 8k (yet).
 136                  */
 137
 138                 if (getpagesize() > size) {
 139                         /*
 140                          * if a flash size of 0 is mapped, we map a single page
 141                          * so we can probe in that area whether we know the
 142                          * vendor at least.
 143                          */
 144                         size = getpagesize();
 145                 }
 146
 147                 base = flashbase ? flashbase : (0xffffffff - size + 1);
 148                 bios = mmap(0, size, PROT_WRITE | PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED,
 149                             fd_mem, (off_t) base);
 150                 if (bios == MAP_FAILED) {
 151                         perror("Can't mmap memory using " MEM_DEV);
 152                         mmap_errmsg();
 153                         exit(1);
 154                 }
 155                 flash->virtual_memory = bios;
 156
 157                 if (force)
 158                         break;
 159
 160                 if (flash->probe(flash) != 1)
 161                         goto notfound;
 162
 163                 if (first_flash == flashchips
 164                     || flash->model_id != GENERIC_DEVICE_ID)
 165                         break;
 166
 167 notfound:
 168                 munmap((void *)bios, size);
 169         }
 170
 171         if (!flash || !flash->name)
 172                 return NULL;
 173
 174         printf("Found chip \"%s %s\" (%d KB) at physical address 0x%lx.\n",
 175                flash->vendor, flash->name, flash->total_size, base);
 176         flashbase = base;
 177         return flash;
 178 }
 179
 180 int verify_flash(struct flashchip *flash, uint8_t *buf)
 181 {
 182         int idx;
 183         int total_size = flash->total_size * 1024;
 184         uint8_t *buf2 = (uint8_t *) calloc(total_size, sizeof(char));
 185         if (flash->read == NULL)
 186                 memcpy(buf2, (const char *)flash->virtual_memory, total_size);
 187         else
 188                 flash->read(flash, buf2);
 189
 190         printf("Verifying flash... ");
 191
 192         if (verbose)
 193                 printf("address: 0x00000000\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");
 194
 195         for (idx = 0; idx < total_size; idx++) {
 196                 if (verbose && ((idx & 0xfff) == 0xfff))
 197                         printf("0x%08x", idx);
 198
 199                 if (*(buf2 + idx) != *(buf + idx)) {
 200                         if (verbose)
 201                                 printf("0x%08x FAILED!", idx);
 202                         else
 203                                 printf("FAILED at 0x%08x!", idx);
 204                         printf("  Expected=0x%02x, Read=0x%02x\n",
 205                                *(buf + idx), *(buf2 + idx));
 206                         return 1;
 207                 }
 208
 209                 if (verbose && ((idx & 0xfff) == 0xfff))
 210                         printf("\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b");
 211         }
 212         if (verbose)
 213                 printf("\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b\b ");
 214
 215         printf("VERIFIED.          \n");
 216
 217         return 0;
 218 }
 219
 220 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
 221 #define POS_PRINT(x) do { pos += strlen(x); printf(x); } while (0)
 222
 223 void print_supported_chips(void)
 224 {
 225         int okcol = 0, pos = 0;
 226         struct flashchip *f;
 227
 228         for (f = flashchips; f->name != NULL; f++) {
 229                 if (GENERIC_DEVICE_ID == f->model_id)
 230                         continue;
 231                 okcol = MAX(okcol, strlen(f->vendor) + 1 + strlen(f->name));
 232         }
 233         okcol = (okcol + 7) & ~7;
 234
 235         POS_PRINT("Supported flash chips:");
 236         while (pos < okcol) {
 237                 printf("\t");
 238                 pos += 8 - (pos % 8);
 239         }
 240         printf("Tested OK operations:\tKnown BAD operations:\n\n");
 241
 242         for (f = flashchips; f->name != NULL; f++) {
 243                 printf("%s %s", f->vendor, f->name);
 244                 pos = strlen(f->vendor) + 1 + strlen(f->name);
 245                 while (pos < okcol) {
 246                         printf("\t");
 247                         pos += 8 - (pos % 8);
 248                 }
 249                 if ((f->tested & TEST_OK_MASK)) {
 250                         if ((f->tested & TEST_OK_PROBE))
 251                                 POS_PRINT("PROBE ");
 252                         if ((f->tested & TEST_OK_READ))
 253                                 POS_PRINT("READ ");
 254                         if ((f->tested & TEST_OK_ERASE))
 255                                 POS_PRINT("ERASE ");
 256                         if ((f->tested & TEST_OK_WRITE))
 257                                 POS_PRINT("WRITE");
 258                 }
 259                 while (pos < okcol + 24) {
 260                         printf("\t");
 261                         pos += 8 - (pos % 8);
 262                 }
 263                 if ((f->tested & TEST_BAD_MASK)) {
 264                         if ((f->tested & TEST_BAD_PROBE))
 265                                 printf("PROBE ");
 266                         if ((f->tested & TEST_BAD_READ))
 267                                 printf("READ ");
 268                         if ((f->tested & TEST_BAD_ERASE))
 269                                 printf("ERASE ");
 270                         if ((f->tested & TEST_BAD_WRITE))
 271                                 printf("WRITE");
 272                 }
 273                 printf("\n");
 274         }
 275 }
 276
 277 void usage(const char *name)
 278 {
 279         printf("usage: %s [-rwvEVfLhR] [-c chipname] [-s exclude_start]\n",
 280                name);
 281         printf("       [-e exclude_end] [-m [vendor:]part] [-l file.layout] [-i imagename] [file]\n");
 282         printf
 283             ("   -r | --read:                      read flash and save into file\n"
 284              "   -w | --write:                     write file into flash\n"
 285              "   -v | --verify:                    verify flash against file\n"
 286              "   -E | --erase:                     erase flash device\n"
 287              "   -V | --verbose:                   more verbose output\n"
 288              "   -c | --chip <chipname>:           probe only for specified flash chip\n"
 289              "   -s | --estart <addr>:             exclude start position\n"
 290              "   -e | --eend <addr>:               exclude end postion\n"
 291              "   -m | --mainboard <[vendor:]part>: override mainboard settings\n"
 292              "   -f | --force:                     force write without checking image\n"
 293              "   -l | --layout <file.layout>:      read rom layout from file\n"
 294              "   -i | --image <name>:              only flash image name from flash layout\n"
 295              "   -L | --list-supported:            print supported devices\n"
 296              "   -h | --help:                      print this help text\n"
 297              "   -R | --version:                   print the version (release)\n"
 298              "\n" " If no file is specified, then all that happens"
 299              " is that flash info is dumped.\n\n");
 300         exit(1);
 301 }
 302
 303 void print_version(void)
 304 {
 305         printf("flashrom r%s\n", FLASHROM_VERSION);
 306 }
 307
 308 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 309 {
 310         uint8_t *buf;
 311         unsigned long size, numbytes;
 312         uint32_t erasedbytes;
 313         FILE *image;
 314         /* Probe for up to three flash chips. */
 315         struct flashchip *flash, *flashes[3];
 316         int opt;
 317         int option_index = 0;
 318         int force = 0;
 319         int read_it = 0, write_it = 0, erase_it = 0, verify_it = 0;
 320         int ret = 0, i;
 321 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
 322         int io_fd;
 323 #endif
 324
 325         static struct option long_options[] = {
 326                 {"read", 0, 0, 'r'},
 327                 {"write", 0, 0, 'w'},
 328                 {"erase", 0, 0, 'E'},
 329                 {"verify", 0, 0, 'v'},
 330                 {"chip", 1, 0, 'c'},
 331                 {"estart", 1, 0, 's'},
 332                 {"eend", 1, 0, 'e'},
 333                 {"mainboard", 1, 0, 'm'},
 334                 {"verbose", 0, 0, 'V'},
 335                 {"force", 0, 0, 'f'},
 336                 {"layout", 1, 0, 'l'},
 337                 {"image", 1, 0, 'i'},
 338                 {"list-supported", 0, 0, 'L'},
 339                 {"help", 0, 0, 'h'},
 340                 {"version", 0, 0, 'R'},
 341                 {0, 0, 0, 0}
 342         };
 343
 344         char *filename = NULL;
 345
 346         unsigned int exclude_start_position = 0, exclude_end_position = 0;      // [x,y)
 347         char *tempstr = NULL, *tempstr2 = NULL;
 348
 349         if (argc > 1) {
 350                 /* Yes, print them. */
 351                 int i;
 352                 printf_debug("The arguments are:\n");
 353                 for (i = 1; i < argc; ++i)
 354                         printf_debug("%s\n", argv[i]);
 355         }
 356
 357         setbuf(stdout, NULL);
 358         while ((opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, "rRwvVEfc:s:e:m:l:i:Lh",
 359                                   long_options, &option_index)) != EOF) {
 360                 switch (opt) {
 361                 case 'r':
 362                         read_it = 1;
 363                         break;
 364                 case 'w':
 365                         write_it = 1;
 366                         break;
 367                 case 'v':
 368                         verify_it = 1;
 369                         break;
 370                 case 'c':
 371                         chip_to_probe = strdup(optarg);
 372                         break;
 373                 case 'V':
 374                         verbose = 1;
 375                         break;
 376                 case 'E':
 377                         erase_it = 1;
 378                         break;
 379                 case 's':
 380                         tempstr = strdup(optarg);
 381                         sscanf(tempstr, "%x", &exclude_start_position);
 382                         break;
 383                 case 'e':
 384                         tempstr = strdup(optarg);
 385                         sscanf(tempstr, "%x", &exclude_end_position);
 386                         break;
 387                 case 'm':
 388                         tempstr = strdup(optarg);
 389                         strtok(tempstr, ":");
 390                         tempstr2 = strtok(NULL, ":");
 391                         if (tempstr2) {
 392                                 lb_vendor = tempstr;
 393                                 lb_part = tempstr2;
 394                         } else {
 395                                 lb_vendor = NULL;
 396                                 lb_part = tempstr;
 397                         }
 398                         break;
 399                 case 'f':
 400                         force = 1;
 401                         break;
 402                 case 'l':
 403                         tempstr = strdup(optarg);
 404                         if (read_romlayout(tempstr))
 405                                 exit(1);
 406                         break;
 407                 case 'i':
 408                         tempstr = strdup(optarg);
 409                         find_romentry(tempstr);
 410                         break;
 411                 case 'L':
 412                         print_supported_chips();
 413                         print_supported_chipsets();
 414                         print_supported_boards();
 415                         exit(0);
 416                         break;
 417                 case 'R':
 418                         print_version();
 419                         exit(0);
 420                         break;
 421                 case 'h':
 422                 default:
 423                         usage(argv[0]);
 424                         break;
 425                 }
 426         }
 427
 428         if (read_it && write_it) {
 429                 printf("Error: -r and -w are mutually exclusive.\n");
 430                 usage(argv[0]);
 431         }
 432
 433         if (optind < argc)
 434                 filename = argv[optind++];
 435
 436         /* First get full io access */
 437 #if defined (__sun) && (defined(__i386) || defined(__amd64))
 438         if (sysi86(SI86V86, V86SC_IOPL, PS_IOPL) != 0) {
 439 #elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
 440         if ((io_fd = open("/dev/io", O_RDWR)) < 0) {
 441 #else
 442         if (iopl(3) != 0) {
 443 #endif
 444                 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Could not get IO privileges (%s).\nYou need to be root.\n", strerror(errno));
 445                 exit(1);
 446         }
 447
 448         /* Initialize PCI access for flash enables */
 449         pacc = pci_alloc();     /* Get the pci_access structure */
 450         /* Set all options you want -- here we stick with the defaults */
 451         pci_init(pacc);         /* Initialize the PCI library */
 452         pci_scan_bus(pacc);     /* We want to get the list of devices */
 453
 454         /* Open the memory device UNCACHED. That's important for MMIO. */
 455         if ((fd_mem = open(MEM_DEV, O_RDWR | O_SYNC)) < 0) {
 456                 perror("Error: Can not access memory using " MEM_DEV
 457                        ". You need to be root.");
 458                 exit(1);
 459         }
 460
 461         myusec_calibrate_delay();
 462
 463         /* We look at the lbtable first to see if we need a
 464          * mainboard specific flash enable sequence.
 465          */
 466         coreboot_init();
 467
 468         /* try to enable it. Failure IS an option, since not all motherboards
 469          * really need this to be done, etc., etc.
 470          */
 471         ret = chipset_flash_enable();
 472         if (ret == -2) {
 473                 printf("WARNING: No chipset found. Flash detection "
 474                        "will most likely fail.\n");
 475         }
 476
 477         board_flash_enable(lb_vendor, lb_part);
 478
 479         for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(flashes); i++) {
 480                 flashes[i] =
 481                     probe_flash(i ? flashes[i - 1] + 1 : flashchips, 0);
 482                 if (!flashes[i])
 483                         for (i++; i < ARRAY_SIZE(flashes); i++)
 484                                 flashes[i] = NULL;
 485         }
 486
 487         if (flashes[1]) {
 488                 printf("Multiple flash chips were detected:");
 489                 for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(flashes) && flashes[i]; i++)
 490                         printf(" %s", flashes[i]->name);
 491                 printf("\nPlease specify which chip to use with the -c <chipname> option.\n");
 492                 exit(1);
 493         } else if (!flashes[0]) {
 494                 printf("No EEPROM/flash device found.\n");
 495                 if (!force || !chip_to_probe) {
 496                         printf("If you know which flash chip you have, and if this version of flashrom\n");
 497                         printf("supports a similar flash chip, you can try to force read your chip. Run:\n");
 498                         printf("flashrom -f -r -c similar_supported_flash_chip filename\n");
 499                         printf("\n");
 500                         printf("Note: flashrom can never write when the flash chip isn't found automatically.\n");
 501                 }
 502                 if (force && read_it && chip_to_probe) {
 503                         printf("Force read (-f -r -c) requested, forcing chip probe success:\n");
 504                         flashes[0] = probe_flash(flashchips, 1);
 505                         if (!flashes[0]) {
 506                                 printf("flashrom does not support a flash chip named '%s'.\n", chip_to_probe);
 507                                 printf("Run flashrom -L to view the hardware supported in this flashrom version.\n");
 508                                 exit(1);
 509                         }
 510                         if (!filename) {
 511                                 printf("Error: No filename specified.\n");
 512                                 exit(1);
 513                         }
 514                         size = flashes[0]->total_size * 1024;
 515                         buf = (uint8_t *) calloc(size, sizeof(char));
 516
 517                         if ((image = fopen(filename, "w")) == NULL) {
 518                                 perror(filename);
 519                                 exit(1);
 520                         }
 521                         printf("Force reading flash... ");
 522                         if (!flashes[0]->read)
 523                                 memcpy(buf, (const char *)flashes[0]->virtual_memory, size);
 524                         else
 525                                 flashes[0]->read(flashes[0], buf);
 526
 527                         if (exclude_end_position - exclude_start_position > 0)
 528                                 memset(buf + exclude_start_position, 0,
 529                                        exclude_end_position -
 530                                        exclude_start_position);
 531
 532                         numbytes = fwrite(buf, 1, size, image);
 533                         fclose(image);
 534                         printf("%s.\n", numbytes == size ? "done" : "FAILED");
 535                         free(buf);
 536                         return numbytes != size;
 537                 }
 538                 // FIXME: flash writes stay enabled!
 539                 exit(1);
 540         }
 541
 542         flash = flashes[0];
 543
 544         if (TEST_OK_MASK != (flash->tested & TEST_OK_MASK)) {
 545                 printf("===\n");
 546                 if (flash->tested & TEST_BAD_MASK) {
 547                         printf("This flash part has status NOT WORKING for operations:");
 548                         if (flash->tested & TEST_BAD_PROBE)
 549                                 printf(" PROBE");
 550                         if (flash->tested & TEST_BAD_READ)
 551                                 printf(" READ");
 552                         if (flash->tested & TEST_BAD_ERASE)
 553                                 printf(" ERASE");
 554                         if (flash->tested & TEST_BAD_WRITE)
 555                                 printf(" WRITE");
 556                         printf("\n");
 557                 }
 558                 if ((!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_PROBE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_PROBE)) ||
 559                     (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_READ) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_READ)) ||
 560                     (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_ERASE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_ERASE)) ||
 561                     (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_WRITE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_WRITE))) {
 562                         printf("This flash part has status UNTESTED for operations:");
 563                         if (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_PROBE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_PROBE))
 564                                 printf(" PROBE");
 565                         if (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_READ) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_READ))
 566                                 printf(" READ");
 567                         if (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_ERASE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_ERASE))
 568                                 printf(" ERASE");
 569                         if (!(flash->tested & TEST_BAD_WRITE) && !(flash->tested & TEST_OK_WRITE))
 570                                 printf(" WRITE");
 571                         printf("\n");
 572                 }
 573                 printf("Please email a report to flashrom@coreboot.org if any of the above operations\n");
 574                 printf("work correctly for you with this flash part. Please include the full output\n");
 575                 printf("from the program, including chipset found. Thank you for your help!\n");
 576                 printf("===\n");
 577         }
 578
 579         if (!(read_it | write_it | verify_it | erase_it)) {
 580                 printf("No operations were specified.\n");
 581                 // FIXME: flash writes stay enabled!
 582                 exit(1);
 583         }
 584
 585         if (!filename && !erase_it) {
 586                 printf("Error: No filename specified.\n");
 587                 // FIXME: flash writes stay enabled!
 588                 exit(1);
 589         }
 590
 591         size = flash->total_size * 1024;
 592         buf = (uint8_t *) calloc(size, sizeof(char));
 593
 594         if (erase_it) {
 595                 printf("Erasing flash chip... ");
 596                 if (NULL == flash->erase) {
 597                         printf("FAILED!\n");
 598                         fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: flashrom has no erase function for this flash chip.\n");
 599                         return 1;
 600                 }
 601                 flash->erase(flash);
 602                 if (NULL == flash->read)
 603                         memcpy(buf, (const char *)flash->virtual_memory, size);
 604                 else
 605                         flash->read(flash, buf);
 606                 for (erasedbytes = 0; erasedbytes < size; erasedbytes++)
 607                         if (0xff != buf[erasedbytes]) {
 608                                 printf("FAILED!\n");
 609                                 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR at 0x%08x: Expected=0xff, Read=0x%02x\n",
 610                                         erasedbytes, buf[erasedbytes]);
 611                                 return 1;
 612                         }
 613                 printf("SUCCESS.\n");
 614                 return 0;
 615         } else if (read_it) {
 616                 if ((image = fopen(filename, "w")) == NULL) {
 617                         perror(filename);
 618                         exit(1);
 619                 }
 620                 printf("Reading flash... ");
 621                 if (flash->read == NULL)
 622                         memcpy(buf, (const char *)flash->virtual_memory, size);
 623                 else
 624                         flash->read(flash, buf);
 625
 626                 if (exclude_end_position - exclude_start_position > 0)
 627                         memset(buf + exclude_start_position, 0,
 628                                exclude_end_position - exclude_start_position);
 629
 630                 numbytes = fwrite(buf, 1, size, image);
 631                 fclose(image);
 632                 printf("%s.\n", numbytes == size ? "done" : "FAILED");
 633                 if (numbytes != size)
 634                         return 1;
 635         } else {
 636                 struct stat image_stat;
 637
 638                 if ((image = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) {
 639                         perror(filename);
 640                         exit(1);
 641                 }
 642                 if (fstat(fileno(image), &image_stat) != 0) {
 643                         perror(filename);
 644                         exit(1);
 645                 }
 646                 if (image_stat.st_size != flash->total_size * 1024) {
 647                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: Image size doesn't match\n");
 648                         exit(1);
 649                 }
 650
 651                 numbytes = fread(buf, 1, size, image);
 652                 show_id(buf, size, force);
 653                 fclose(image);
 654                 if (numbytes != size) {
 655                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: Failed to read file. Got %ld bytes, wanted %ld!\n", numbytes, size);
 656                         return 1;
 657                 }
 658         }
 659
 660         /* exclude range stuff. Nice idea, but at the moment it is only
 661          * supported in hardware by the pm49fl004 chips.
 662          * Instead of implementing this for all chips I suggest advancing
 663          * it to the rom layout feature below and drop exclude range
 664          * completely once all flash chips can do rom layouts. stepan
 665          */
 666
 667         // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 668         if (exclude_end_position - exclude_start_position > 0)
 669                 memcpy(buf + exclude_start_position,
 670                        (const char *)flash->virtual_memory +
 671                        exclude_start_position,
 672                        exclude_end_position - exclude_start_position);
 673
 674         exclude_start_page = exclude_start_position / flash->page_size;
 675         if ((exclude_start_position % flash->page_size) != 0) {
 676                 exclude_start_page++;
 677         }
 678         exclude_end_page = exclude_end_position / flash->page_size;
 679         // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 680
 681         // This should be moved into each flash part's code to do it
 682         // cleanly. This does the job.
 683         handle_romentries(buf, (uint8_t *) flash->virtual_memory);
 684
 685         // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 686
 687         if (write_it) {
 688                 if (!flash->write) {
 689                         fprintf(stderr, "Error: flashrom has no write function for this flash chip.\n");
 690                         return 1;
 691                 }
 692                 ret |= flash->write(flash, buf);
 693         }
 694
 695         if (verify_it)
 696                 ret |= verify_flash(flash, buf);
 697
 698 #ifdef __FreeBSD__
 699         close(io_fd);
 700 #endif
 701         return ret;
 702 }