2 // expression.cs: Expression representation for the IL tree.
5 // Miguel de Icaza (miguel@ximian.com)
7 // (C) 2001 Ximian, Inc.
11 // Maybe we should make Resolve be an instance method that just calls
12 // the virtual DoResolve function and checks conditions like the eclass
13 // and type being set if a non-null value is returned. For robustness
19 using System.Collections;
20 using System.Diagnostics;
21 using System.Reflection;
22 using System.Reflection.Emit;
26 // The ExprClass class contains the is used to pass the
27 // classification of an expression (value, variable, namespace,
28 // type, method group, property access, event access, indexer access,
31 public enum ExprClass {
35 Variable, // Every Variable should implement LValue
46 // Base class for expressions
48 public abstract class Expression {
49 protected ExprClass eclass;
62 public ExprClass ExprClass {
73 // Utility wrapper routine for Error, just to beautify the code
75 static protected void Error (int error, string s)
77 Report.Error (error, s);
80 static protected void Error (int error, Location loc, string s)
82 Report.Error (error, loc, s);
86 // Utility wrapper routine for Warning, just to beautify the code
88 static protected void Warning (int warning, string s)
90 Report.Warning (warning, s);
94 // Performs semantic analysis on the Expression
98 // The Resolve method is invoked to perform the semantic analysis
101 // The return value is an expression (it can be the
102 // same expression in some cases) or a new
103 // expression that better represents this node.
105 // For example, optimizations of Unary (LiteralInt)
106 // would return a new LiteralInt with a negated
109 // If there is an error during semantic analysis,
110 // then an error should be reported (using Report)
111 // and a null value should be returned.
113 // There are two side effects expected from calling
114 // Resolve(): the the field variable "eclass" should
115 // be set to any value of the enumeration
116 // `ExprClass' and the type variable should be set
117 // to a valid type (this is the type of the
121 public abstract Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec);
125 // Currently Resolve wraps DoResolve to perform sanity
126 // checking and assertion checking on what we expect from Resolve
129 public Expression Resolve (EmitContext ec)
131 Expression e = DoResolve (ec);
137 if (e.ExprClass == ExprClass.Invalid)
138 throw new Exception ("Expression " + e +
139 " ExprClass is Invalid after resolve");
141 if (e.ExprClass != ExprClass.MethodGroup)
143 throw new Exception ("Expression " + e +
144 " did not set its type after Resolve");
147 e = ((LValue) e).LValueResolve (ec);
154 // Emits the code for the expression
159 // The Emit method is invoked to generate the code
160 // for the expression.
163 public abstract void Emit (EmitContext ec);
166 // Protected constructor. Only derivate types should
167 // be able to be created
170 protected Expression ()
172 eclass = ExprClass.Invalid;
177 // Returns a literalized version of a literal FieldInfo
179 static Expression Literalize (FieldInfo fi)
181 Type t = fi.FieldType;
182 object v = fi.GetValue (fi);
184 if (t == TypeManager.int32_type)
185 return new IntLiteral ((int) v);
186 else if (t == TypeManager.uint32_type)
187 return new UIntLiteral ((uint) v);
188 else if (t == TypeManager.int64_type)
189 return new LongLiteral ((long) v);
190 else if (t == TypeManager.uint64_type)
191 return new ULongLiteral ((ulong) v);
192 else if (t == TypeManager.float_type)
193 return new FloatLiteral ((float) v);
194 else if (t == TypeManager.double_type)
195 return new DoubleLiteral ((double) v);
196 else if (t == TypeManager.string_type)
197 return new StringLiteral ((string) v);
198 else if (t == TypeManager.short_type)
199 return new IntLiteral ((int) ((short)v));
200 else if (t == TypeManager.ushort_type)
201 return new IntLiteral ((int) ((ushort)v));
202 else if (t == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
203 return new IntLiteral ((int) ((sbyte)v));
204 else if (t == TypeManager.byte_type)
205 return new IntLiteral ((int) ((byte)v));
206 else if (t == TypeManager.char_type)
207 return new IntLiteral ((int) ((char)v));
209 throw new Exception ("Unknown type for literal (" + v.GetType () +
210 "), details: " + fi);
214 // Returns a fully formed expression after a MemberLookup
216 static Expression ExprClassFromMemberInfo (EmitContext ec, MemberInfo mi, Location loc)
218 if (mi is EventInfo){
219 return new EventExpr ((EventInfo) mi, loc);
220 } else if (mi is FieldInfo){
221 FieldInfo fi = (FieldInfo) mi;
224 Expression e = Literalize (fi);
229 return new FieldExpr (fi);
230 } else if (mi is PropertyInfo){
231 return new PropertyExpr ((PropertyInfo) mi, loc);
232 } else if (mi is Type)
233 return new TypeExpr ((Type) mi);
239 // FIXME: Probably implement a cache for (t,name,current_access_set)?
241 // FIXME: We need to cope with access permissions here, or this wont
244 // This code could use some optimizations, but we need to do some
245 // measurements. For example, we could use a delegate to `flag' when
246 // something can not any longer be a method-group (because it is something
250 // If the return value is an Array, then it is an array of
253 // If the return value is an MemberInfo, it is anything, but a Method
257 // FIXME: When calling MemberLookup inside an `Invocation', we should pass
258 // the arguments here and have MemberLookup return only the methods that
259 // match the argument count/type, unlike we are doing now (we delay this
262 // This is so we can catch correctly attempts to invoke instance methods
263 // from a static body (scan for error 120 in ResolveSimpleName).
265 public static Expression MemberLookup (EmitContext ec, Type t, string name,
266 bool same_type, MemberTypes mt,
267 BindingFlags bf, Location loc)
270 bf |= BindingFlags.NonPublic;
272 MemberInfo [] mi = ec.TypeContainer.RootContext.TypeManager.FindMembers (
273 t, mt, bf, Type.FilterName, name);
278 // FIXME : How does this wierd case arise ?
282 if (mi.Length == 1 && !(mi [0] is MethodBase))
283 return Expression.ExprClassFromMemberInfo (ec, mi [0], loc);
285 for (int i = 0; i < mi.Length; i++)
286 if (!(mi [i] is MethodBase)){
287 Error (-5, "Do not know how to reproduce this case: " +
288 "Methods and non-Method with the same name, " +
289 "report this please");
291 for (i = 0; i < mi.Length; i++){
292 Type tt = mi [i].GetType ();
294 Console.WriteLine (i + ": " + mi [i]);
295 while (tt != TypeManager.object_type){
296 Console.WriteLine (tt);
302 return new MethodGroupExpr (mi);
305 public const MemberTypes AllMemberTypes =
306 MemberTypes.Constructor |
310 MemberTypes.NestedType |
311 MemberTypes.Property;
313 public const BindingFlags AllBindingsFlags =
314 BindingFlags.Public |
315 BindingFlags.Static |
316 BindingFlags.Instance;
318 public static Expression MemberLookup (EmitContext ec, Type t, string name,
319 bool same_type, Location loc)
321 return MemberLookup (ec, t, name, same_type, AllMemberTypes, AllBindingsFlags, loc);
325 // I am in general unhappy with this implementation.
327 // I need to revise this.
330 // static public Expression ResolveMemberAccess (EmitContext ec, string name)
332 // Expression left_e = null;
333 // int dot_pos = name.LastIndexOf (".");
334 // string left = name.Substring (0, dot_pos);
335 // string right = name.Substring (dot_pos + 1);
338 // if ((t = ec.TypeContainer.LookupType (left, false)) != null){
341 // left_e = new TypeExpr (t);
342 // e = new MemberAccess (left_e, right);
343 // return e.Resolve (ec);
346 // // FIXME: IMplement:
349 // // T.P Static property access (P) on Type T.
350 // // e.P instance property access on instance e for P.
355 // if (left_e == null){
356 // Error (246, "Can not find type or namespace `"+left+"'");
360 // switch (left_e.ExprClass){
361 // case ExprClass.Type:
362 // return MemberLookup (ec,
363 // left_e.Type, right,
364 // left_e.Type == ec.TypeContainer.TypeBuilder);
366 // case ExprClass.Namespace:
367 // case ExprClass.PropertyAccess:
368 // case ExprClass.IndexerAccess:
369 // case ExprClass.Variable:
370 // case ExprClass.Value:
371 // case ExprClass.Nothing:
372 // case ExprClass.EventAccess:
373 // case ExprClass.MethodGroup:
374 // case ExprClass.Invalid:
375 // throw new Exception ("Should have got the " + left_e.ExprClass +
376 // " handled before");
382 static public Expression ImplicitReferenceConversion (Expression expr, Type target_type)
384 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
386 if (target_type == TypeManager.object_type) {
387 if (expr_type.IsClass)
388 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
389 if (expr_type.IsValueType)
390 return new BoxedCast (expr);
391 } else if (expr_type.IsSubclassOf (target_type)) {
392 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
394 // from any class-type S to any interface-type T.
395 if (expr_type.IsClass && target_type.IsInterface) {
396 Type [] interfaces = expr_type.FindInterfaces (Module.FilterTypeName,
397 target_type.FullName);
398 if (interfaces != null)
399 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
402 // from any interface type S to interface-type T.
403 // FIXME : Is it right to use IsAssignableFrom ?
404 if (expr_type.IsInterface && target_type.IsInterface)
405 if (target_type.IsAssignableFrom (expr_type))
406 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
409 // from an array-type S to an array-type of type T
410 if (expr_type.IsArray && target_type.IsArray) {
411 if (expr_type.GetArrayRank () == target_type.GetArrayRank ()) {
413 Type expr_element_type = expr_type.GetElementType ();
414 Type target_element_type = target_type.GetElementType ();
416 if (!expr_element_type.IsValueType && !target_element_type.IsValueType)
417 if (StandardConversionExists (expr_element_type,
418 target_element_type))
419 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
424 // from an array-type to System.Array
425 if (expr_type.IsArray && target_type.IsAssignableFrom (expr_type))
426 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
428 // from any delegate type to System.Delegate
429 if (expr_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.delegate_type) &&
430 target_type == TypeManager.delegate_type)
431 if (target_type.IsAssignableFrom (expr_type))
432 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
434 // from any array-type or delegate type into System.ICloneable.
435 if (expr_type.IsArray || expr_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.delegate_type))
436 if (target_type == TypeManager.icloneable_type)
437 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
439 // from the null type to any reference-type.
440 if (expr is NullLiteral)
441 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
451 // Handles expressions like this: decimal d; d = 1;
452 // and changes them into: decimal d; d = new System.Decimal (1);
454 static Expression InternalTypeConstructor (EmitContext ec, Expression expr, Type target)
456 ArrayList args = new ArrayList ();
458 args.Add (new Argument (expr, Argument.AType.Expression));
460 Expression ne = new New (target.FullName, args,
463 return ne.Resolve (ec);
467 // Implicit Numeric Conversions.
469 // expr is the expression to convert, returns a new expression of type
470 // target_type or null if an implicit conversion is not possible.
473 static public Expression ImplicitNumericConversion (EmitContext ec, Expression expr,
474 Type target_type, Location loc)
476 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
479 // Attempt to do the implicit constant expression conversions
481 if (expr is IntLiteral){
484 e = TryImplicitIntConversion (target_type, (IntLiteral) expr);
487 } else if (expr is LongLiteral){
489 // Try the implicit constant expression conversion
490 // from long to ulong, instead of a nice routine,
493 if (((LongLiteral) expr).Value > 0)
494 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
497 if (expr_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type){
499 // From sbyte to short, int, long, float, double.
501 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
502 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I4);
503 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
504 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
505 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
506 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R8);
507 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
508 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R4);
509 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
510 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I2);
511 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
512 return InternalTypeConstructor (ec, expr, target_type);
513 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.byte_type){
515 // From byte to short, ushort, int, uint, long, ulong, float, double
517 if ((target_type == TypeManager.short_type) ||
518 (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type) ||
519 (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
520 (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type))
521 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
523 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
524 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U8);
525 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
526 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
528 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
529 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R4);
530 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
531 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R8);
532 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
533 return InternalTypeConstructor (ec, expr, target_type);
534 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.short_type){
536 // From short to int, long, float, double
538 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
539 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
540 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
541 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
542 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
543 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R8);
544 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
545 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R4);
546 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
547 return InternalTypeConstructor (ec, expr, target_type);
548 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.ushort_type){
550 // From ushort to int, uint, long, ulong, float, double
552 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
553 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
555 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
556 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U8);
557 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
558 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I4);
559 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
560 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
561 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
562 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R8);
563 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
564 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R4);
565 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
566 return InternalTypeConstructor (ec, expr, target_type);
567 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type){
569 // From int to long, float, double
571 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
572 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
573 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
574 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R8);
575 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
576 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R4);
577 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
578 return InternalTypeConstructor (ec, expr, target_type);
579 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type){
581 // From uint to long, ulong, float, double
583 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
584 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U8);
585 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
586 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U8);
587 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
588 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R_Un,
590 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
591 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R_Un,
593 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
594 return InternalTypeConstructor (ec, expr, target_type);
595 } else if ((expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
596 (expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type)){
598 // From long/ulong to float, double
600 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
601 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R_Un,
603 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
604 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R_Un,
606 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
607 return InternalTypeConstructor (ec, expr, target_type);
608 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.char_type){
610 // From char to ushort, int, uint, long, ulong, float, double
612 if ((target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type) ||
613 (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
614 (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type))
615 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
616 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
617 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U8);
618 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
619 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
620 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
621 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R4);
622 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
623 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R8);
624 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
625 return InternalTypeConstructor (ec, expr, target_type);
626 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.float_type){
630 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
631 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R8);
638 // Determines if a standard implicit conversion exists from
639 // expr_type to target_type
641 public static bool StandardConversionExists (Type expr_type, Type target_type)
643 if (expr_type == target_type)
646 // First numeric conversions
648 if (expr_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type){
650 // From sbyte to short, int, long, float, double.
652 if ((target_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
653 (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
654 (target_type == TypeManager.double_type) ||
655 (target_type == TypeManager.float_type) ||
656 (target_type == TypeManager.short_type) ||
657 (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type))
660 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.byte_type){
662 // From byte to short, ushort, int, uint, long, ulong, float, double
664 if ((target_type == TypeManager.short_type) ||
665 (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type) ||
666 (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
667 (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
668 (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
669 (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
670 (target_type == TypeManager.float_type) ||
671 (target_type == TypeManager.double_type) ||
672 (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type))
675 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.short_type){
677 // From short to int, long, float, double
679 if ((target_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
680 (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
681 (target_type == TypeManager.double_type) ||
682 (target_type == TypeManager.float_type) ||
683 (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type))
686 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.ushort_type){
688 // From ushort to int, uint, long, ulong, float, double
690 if ((target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
691 (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
692 (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
693 (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
694 (target_type == TypeManager.double_type) ||
695 (target_type == TypeManager.float_type) ||
696 (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type))
699 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type){
701 // From int to long, float, double
703 if ((target_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
704 (target_type == TypeManager.double_type) ||
705 (target_type == TypeManager.float_type) ||
706 (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type))
709 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type){
711 // From uint to long, ulong, float, double
713 if ((target_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
714 (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
715 (target_type == TypeManager.double_type) ||
716 (target_type == TypeManager.float_type) ||
717 (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type))
720 } else if ((expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
721 (expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type)) {
723 // From long/ulong to float, double
725 if ((target_type == TypeManager.double_type) ||
726 (target_type == TypeManager.float_type) ||
727 (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type))
730 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.char_type){
732 // From char to ushort, int, uint, long, ulong, float, double
734 if ((target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type) ||
735 (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
736 (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
737 (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
738 (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
739 (target_type == TypeManager.float_type) ||
740 (target_type == TypeManager.double_type) ||
741 (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type))
744 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.float_type){
748 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
752 // Next reference conversions
754 if (target_type == TypeManager.object_type) {
755 if ((expr_type.IsClass) ||
756 (expr_type.IsValueType))
759 } else if (expr_type.IsSubclassOf (target_type)) {
763 // from any class-type S to any interface-type T.
764 if (expr_type.IsClass && target_type.IsInterface)
767 // from any interface type S to interface-type T.
768 // FIXME : Is it right to use IsAssignableFrom ?
769 if (expr_type.IsInterface && target_type.IsInterface)
770 if (target_type.IsAssignableFrom (expr_type))
773 // from an array-type S to an array-type of type T
774 if (expr_type.IsArray && target_type.IsArray) {
775 if (expr_type.GetArrayRank () == target_type.GetArrayRank ()) {
777 Type expr_element_type = expr_type.GetElementType ();
778 Type target_element_type = target_type.GetElementType ();
780 if (!expr_element_type.IsValueType && !target_element_type.IsValueType)
781 if (StandardConversionExists (expr_element_type,
782 target_element_type))
787 // from an array-type to System.Array
788 if (expr_type.IsArray && target_type.IsAssignableFrom (expr_type))
791 // from any delegate type to System.Delegate
792 if (expr_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.delegate_type) &&
793 target_type == TypeManager.delegate_type)
794 if (target_type.IsAssignableFrom (expr_type))
797 // from any array-type or delegate type into System.ICloneable.
798 if (expr_type.IsArray || expr_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.delegate_type))
799 if (target_type == TypeManager.icloneable_type)
802 // from the null type to any reference-type.
803 // FIXME : How do we do this ?
811 // Finds "most encompassed type" according to the spec (13.4.2)
812 // amongst the methods in the MethodGroupExpr which convert from a
813 // type encompassing source_type
815 static Type FindMostEncompassedType (MethodGroupExpr me, Type source_type)
819 for (int i = me.Methods.Length; i > 0; ) {
822 MethodBase mb = me.Methods [i];
823 ParameterData pd = Invocation.GetParameterData (mb);
824 Type param_type = pd.ParameterType (0);
826 if (StandardConversionExists (source_type, param_type)) {
830 if (StandardConversionExists (param_type, best))
839 // Finds "most encompassing type" according to the spec (13.4.2)
840 // amongst the methods in the MethodGroupExpr which convert to a
841 // type encompassed by target_type
843 static Type FindMostEncompassingType (MethodGroupExpr me, Type target)
847 for (int i = me.Methods.Length; i > 0; ) {
850 MethodInfo mi = (MethodInfo) me.Methods [i];
851 Type ret_type = mi.ReturnType;
853 if (StandardConversionExists (ret_type, target)) {
857 if (!StandardConversionExists (ret_type, best))
869 // User-defined Implicit conversions
871 static public Expression ImplicitUserConversion (EmitContext ec, Expression source,
872 Type target, Location loc)
874 return UserDefinedConversion (ec, source, target, loc, false);
878 // User-defined Explicit conversions
880 static public Expression ExplicitUserConversion (EmitContext ec, Expression source,
881 Type target, Location loc)
883 return UserDefinedConversion (ec, source, target, loc, true);
887 // User-defined conversions
889 static public Expression UserDefinedConversion (EmitContext ec, Expression source,
890 Type target, Location loc,
891 bool look_for_explicit)
893 Expression mg1 = null, mg2 = null, mg3 = null, mg4 = null;
894 Expression mg5 = null, mg6 = null, mg7 = null, mg8 = null;
896 MethodBase method = null;
897 Type source_type = source.Type;
901 // If we have a boolean type, we need to check for the True operator
903 // FIXME : How does the False operator come into the picture ?
904 // FIXME : This doesn't look complete and very correct !
905 if (target == TypeManager.bool_type)
908 op_name = "op_Implicit";
910 mg1 = MemberLookup (ec, source_type, op_name, false, loc);
912 if (source_type.BaseType != null)
913 mg2 = MemberLookup (ec, source_type.BaseType, op_name, false, loc);
915 mg3 = MemberLookup (ec, target, op_name, false, loc);
917 if (target.BaseType != null)
918 mg4 = MemberLookup (ec, target.BaseType, op_name, false, loc);
920 MethodGroupExpr union1 = Invocation.MakeUnionSet (mg1, mg2);
921 MethodGroupExpr union2 = Invocation.MakeUnionSet (mg3, mg4);
923 MethodGroupExpr union3 = Invocation.MakeUnionSet (union1, union2);
925 MethodGroupExpr union4 = null;
927 if (look_for_explicit) {
929 op_name = "op_Explicit";
931 mg5 = MemberLookup (ec, source_type, op_name, false, loc);
933 if (source_type.BaseType != null)
934 mg6 = MemberLookup (ec, source_type.BaseType, op_name, false, loc);
936 mg7 = MemberLookup (ec, target, op_name, false, loc);
938 if (target.BaseType != null)
939 mg8 = MemberLookup (ec, target.BaseType, op_name, false, loc);
941 MethodGroupExpr union5 = Invocation.MakeUnionSet (mg5, mg6);
942 MethodGroupExpr union6 = Invocation.MakeUnionSet (mg7, mg8);
944 union4 = Invocation.MakeUnionSet (union5, union6);
947 MethodGroupExpr union = Invocation.MakeUnionSet (union3, union4);
951 Type most_specific_source, most_specific_target;
953 most_specific_source = FindMostEncompassedType (union, source_type);
954 if (most_specific_source == null)
957 most_specific_target = FindMostEncompassingType (union, target);
958 if (most_specific_target == null)
963 for (int i = union.Methods.Length; i > 0;) {
966 MethodBase mb = union.Methods [i];
967 ParameterData pd = Invocation.GetParameterData (mb);
968 MethodInfo mi = (MethodInfo) union.Methods [i];
970 if (pd.ParameterType (0) == most_specific_source &&
971 mi.ReturnType == most_specific_target) {
977 if (method == null || count > 1) {
978 Report.Error (-11, loc, "Ambiguous user defined conversion");
983 // This will do the conversion to the best match that we
984 // found. Now we need to perform an implict standard conversion
985 // if the best match was not the type that we were requested
988 if (look_for_explicit)
989 source = ConvertExplicitStandard (ec, source, most_specific_source, loc);
991 source = ConvertImplicitStandard (ec, source,
992 most_specific_source, loc);
997 e = new UserCast ((MethodInfo) method, source);
999 if (e.Type != target){
1000 if (!look_for_explicit)
1001 e = ConvertImplicitStandard (ec, e, target, loc);
1003 e = ConvertExplicitStandard (ec, e, target, loc);
1014 // Converts implicitly the resolved expression `expr' into the
1015 // `target_type'. It returns a new expression that can be used
1016 // in a context that expects a `target_type'.
1018 static public Expression ConvertImplicit (EmitContext ec, Expression expr,
1019 Type target_type, Location loc)
1021 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
1024 if (expr_type == target_type)
1027 e = ImplicitNumericConversion (ec, expr, target_type, loc);
1031 e = ImplicitReferenceConversion (expr, target_type);
1035 e = ImplicitUserConversion (ec, expr, target_type, loc);
1039 if (target_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type) && expr is IntLiteral){
1040 IntLiteral i = (IntLiteral) expr;
1043 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
1051 // Attempts to apply the `Standard Implicit
1052 // Conversion' rules to the expression `expr' into
1053 // the `target_type'. It returns a new expression
1054 // that can be used in a context that expects a
1057 // This is different from `ConvertImplicit' in that the
1058 // user defined implicit conversions are excluded.
1060 static public Expression ConvertImplicitStandard (EmitContext ec, Expression expr,
1061 Type target_type, Location loc)
1063 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
1066 if (expr_type == target_type)
1069 e = ImplicitNumericConversion (ec, expr, target_type, loc);
1073 e = ImplicitReferenceConversion (expr, target_type);
1077 if (target_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type) && expr is IntLiteral){
1078 IntLiteral i = (IntLiteral) expr;
1081 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
1086 // Attemps to perform an implict constant conversion of the IntLiteral
1087 // into a different data type using casts (See Implicit Constant
1088 // Expression Conversions)
1090 static protected Expression TryImplicitIntConversion (Type target_type, IntLiteral il)
1092 int value = il.Value;
1094 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type){
1095 if (value >= SByte.MinValue && value <= SByte.MaxValue)
1097 } else if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type){
1098 if (Byte.MinValue >= 0 && value <= Byte.MaxValue)
1100 } else if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type){
1101 if (value >= Int16.MinValue && value <= Int16.MaxValue)
1103 } else if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type){
1104 if (value >= UInt16.MinValue && value <= UInt16.MaxValue)
1106 } else if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type){
1108 // we can optimize this case: a positive int32
1109 // always fits on a uint32
1113 } else if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
1115 // we can optimize this case: a positive int32
1116 // always fits on a uint64. But we need an opcode
1120 return new OpcodeCast (il, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
1127 // Attemptes to implicityly convert `target' into `type', using
1128 // ConvertImplicit. If there is no implicit conversion, then
1129 // an error is signaled
1131 static public Expression ConvertImplicitRequired (EmitContext ec, Expression target,
1132 Type type, Location loc)
1136 e = ConvertImplicit (ec, target, type, loc);
1140 string msg = "Can not convert implicitly from `"+
1141 TypeManager.CSharpName (target.Type) + "' to `" +
1142 TypeManager.CSharpName (type) + "'";
1144 Error (29, loc, msg);
1150 // Performs the explicit numeric conversions
1152 static Expression ConvertNumericExplicit (EmitContext ec, Expression expr,
1155 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
1157 if (expr_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type){
1159 // From sbyte to byte, ushort, uint, ulong, char
1161 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1162 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U1);
1163 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1164 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1165 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1166 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U4);
1167 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1168 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
1169 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1170 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1171 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.byte_type){
1173 // From byte to sbyte and char
1175 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1176 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I1);
1177 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1178 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1179 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.short_type){
1181 // From short to sbyte, byte, ushort, uint, ulong, char
1183 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1184 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I1);
1185 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1186 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U1);
1187 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1188 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1189 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1190 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U4);
1191 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1192 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
1193 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1194 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1195 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.ushort_type){
1197 // From ushort to sbyte, byte, short, char
1199 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1200 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I1);
1201 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1202 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U1);
1203 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1204 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I2);
1205 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1206 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1207 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type){
1209 // From int to sbyte, byte, short, ushort, uint, ulong, char
1211 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1212 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I1);
1213 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1214 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U1);
1215 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1216 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I2);
1217 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1218 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1219 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1220 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
1221 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1222 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
1223 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1224 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1225 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type){
1227 // From uint to sbyte, byte, short, ushort, int, char
1229 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1230 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I1);
1231 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1232 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U1);
1233 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1234 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I2);
1235 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1236 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1237 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1238 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
1239 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1240 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1241 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type){
1243 // From long to sbyte, byte, short, ushort, int, uint, ulong, char
1245 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1246 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I1);
1247 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1248 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U1);
1249 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1250 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I2);
1251 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1252 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1253 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1254 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I4);
1255 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1256 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U4);
1257 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1258 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
1259 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1260 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1261 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
1263 // From ulong to sbyte, byte, short, ushort, int, uint, long, char
1265 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1266 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I1);
1267 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1268 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U1);
1269 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1270 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I2);
1271 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1272 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1273 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1274 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I4);
1275 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1276 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U4);
1277 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1278 return new EmptyCast (expr, target_type);
1279 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1280 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1281 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.char_type){
1283 // From char to sbyte, byte, short
1285 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1286 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I1);
1287 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1288 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U1);
1289 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1290 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I2);
1291 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.float_type){
1293 // From float to sbyte, byte, short,
1294 // ushort, int, uint, long, ulong, char
1297 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1298 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I1);
1299 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1300 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U1);
1301 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1302 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I2);
1303 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1304 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1305 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1306 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I4);
1307 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1308 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U4);
1309 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1310 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
1311 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1312 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U8);
1313 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1314 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1315 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1316 return InternalTypeConstructor (ec, expr, target_type);
1317 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.double_type){
1319 // From double to byte, byte, short,
1320 // ushort, int, uint, long, ulong,
1321 // char, float or decimal
1323 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1324 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I1);
1325 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1326 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U1);
1327 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1328 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I2);
1329 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1330 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1331 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1332 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I4);
1333 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1334 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U4);
1335 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1336 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_I8);
1337 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1338 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U8);
1339 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1340 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_U2);
1341 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1342 return new OpcodeCast (expr, target_type, OpCodes.Conv_R4);
1343 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1344 return InternalTypeConstructor (ec, expr, target_type);
1347 // decimal is taken care of by the op_Explicit methods.
1353 // Returns whether an explicit reference conversion can be performed
1354 // from source_type to target_type
1356 static bool ExplicitReferenceConversionExists (Type source_type, Type target_type)
1358 bool target_is_value_type = target_type.IsValueType;
1360 if (source_type == target_type)
1364 // From object to any reference type
1366 if (source_type == TypeManager.object_type && !target_is_value_type)
1370 // From any class S to any class-type T, provided S is a base class of T
1372 if (target_type.IsSubclassOf (source_type))
1376 // From any interface type S to any interface T provided S is not derived from T
1378 if (source_type.IsInterface && target_type.IsInterface){
1379 if (!target_type.IsSubclassOf (source_type))
1384 // From any class type S to any interface T, provides S is not sealed
1385 // and provided S does not implement T.
1387 if (target_type.IsInterface && !source_type.IsSealed &&
1388 !target_type.IsAssignableFrom (source_type))
1392 // From any interface-type S to to any class type T, provided T is not
1393 // sealed, or provided T implements S.
1395 if (source_type.IsInterface &&
1396 (!target_type.IsSealed || source_type.IsAssignableFrom (target_type)))
1399 // From an array type S with an element type Se to an array type T with an
1400 // element type Te provided all the following are true:
1401 // * S and T differe only in element type, in other words, S and T
1402 // have the same number of dimensions.
1403 // * Both Se and Te are reference types
1404 // * An explicit referenc conversions exist from Se to Te
1406 if (source_type.IsArray && target_type.IsArray) {
1407 if (source_type.GetArrayRank () == target_type.GetArrayRank ()) {
1409 Type source_element_type = source_type.GetElementType ();
1410 Type target_element_type = target_type.GetElementType ();
1412 if (!source_element_type.IsValueType && !target_element_type.IsValueType)
1413 if (ExplicitReferenceConversionExists (source_element_type,
1414 target_element_type))
1420 // From System.Array to any array-type
1421 if (source_type == TypeManager.array_type &&
1422 target_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.array_type)){
1427 // From System delegate to any delegate-type
1429 if (source_type == TypeManager.delegate_type &&
1430 target_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.delegate_type))
1434 // From ICloneable to Array or Delegate types
1436 if (source_type == TypeManager.icloneable_type &&
1437 (target_type == TypeManager.array_type ||
1438 target_type == TypeManager.delegate_type))
1445 // Implements Explicit Reference conversions
1447 static Expression ConvertReferenceExplicit (Expression source, Type target_type)
1449 Type source_type = source.Type;
1450 bool target_is_value_type = target_type.IsValueType;
1453 // From object to any reference type
1455 if (source_type == TypeManager.object_type && !target_is_value_type)
1456 return new ClassCast (source, target_type);
1460 // From any class S to any class-type T, provided S is a base class of T
1462 if (target_type.IsSubclassOf (source_type))
1463 return new ClassCast (source, target_type);
1466 // From any interface type S to any interface T provided S is not derived from T
1468 if (source_type.IsInterface && target_type.IsInterface){
1469 if (!target_type.IsSubclassOf (source_type))
1470 return new ClassCast (source, target_type);
1474 // From any class type S to any interface T, provides S is not sealed
1475 // and provided S does not implement T.
1477 if (target_type.IsInterface && !source_type.IsSealed &&
1478 !target_type.IsAssignableFrom (source_type))
1479 return new ClassCast (source, target_type);
1482 // From any interface-type S to to any class type T, provided T is not
1483 // sealed, or provided T implements S.
1485 if (source_type.IsInterface &&
1486 (!target_type.IsSealed || source_type.IsAssignableFrom (target_type)))
1487 return new ClassCast (source, target_type);
1489 // From an array type S with an element type Se to an array type T with an
1490 // element type Te provided all the following are true:
1491 // * S and T differe only in element type, in other words, S and T
1492 // have the same number of dimensions.
1493 // * Both Se and Te are reference types
1494 // * An explicit referenc conversions exist from Se to Te
1496 if (source_type.IsArray && target_type.IsArray) {
1497 if (source_type.GetArrayRank () == target_type.GetArrayRank ()) {
1499 Type source_element_type = source_type.GetElementType ();
1500 Type target_element_type = target_type.GetElementType ();
1502 if (!source_element_type.IsValueType && !target_element_type.IsValueType)
1503 if (ExplicitReferenceConversionExists (source_element_type,
1504 target_element_type))
1505 return new ClassCast (source, target_type);
1510 // From System.Array to any array-type
1511 if (source_type == TypeManager.array_type &&
1512 target_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.array_type)){
1513 return new ClassCast (source, target_type);
1517 // From System delegate to any delegate-type
1519 if (source_type == TypeManager.delegate_type &&
1520 target_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.delegate_type))
1521 return new ClassCast (source, target_type);
1524 // From ICloneable to Array or Delegate types
1526 if (source_type == TypeManager.icloneable_type &&
1527 (target_type == TypeManager.array_type ||
1528 target_type == TypeManager.delegate_type))
1529 return new ClassCast (source, target_type);
1535 // Performs an explicit conversion of the expression `expr' whose
1536 // type is expr.Type to `target_type'.
1538 static public Expression ConvertExplicit (EmitContext ec, Expression expr,
1539 Type target_type, Location loc)
1541 Expression ne = ConvertImplicitStandard (ec, expr, target_type, loc);
1546 ne = ConvertNumericExplicit (ec, expr, target_type);
1550 ne = ConvertReferenceExplicit (expr, target_type);
1554 ne = ExplicitUserConversion (ec, expr, target_type, loc);
1558 Report.Error (30, loc, "Cannot convert type '" + TypeManager.CSharpName (expr.Type) + "' to '"
1559 + TypeManager.CSharpName (target_type) + "'");
1564 // Same as ConverExplicit, only it doesn't include user defined conversions
1566 static public Expression ConvertExplicitStandard (EmitContext ec, Expression expr,
1567 Type target_type, Location l)
1569 Expression ne = ConvertImplicitStandard (ec, expr, target_type, l);
1574 ne = ConvertNumericExplicit (ec, expr, target_type);
1578 ne = ConvertReferenceExplicit (expr, target_type);
1582 Report.Error (30, l, "Cannot convert type '" +
1583 TypeManager.CSharpName (expr.Type) + "' to '" +
1584 TypeManager.CSharpName (target_type) + "'");
1588 static string ExprClassName (ExprClass c)
1591 case ExprClass.Invalid:
1593 case ExprClass.Value:
1595 case ExprClass.Variable:
1597 case ExprClass.Namespace:
1599 case ExprClass.Type:
1601 case ExprClass.MethodGroup:
1602 return "method group";
1603 case ExprClass.PropertyAccess:
1604 return "property access";
1605 case ExprClass.EventAccess:
1606 return "event access";
1607 case ExprClass.IndexerAccess:
1608 return "indexer access";
1609 case ExprClass.Nothing:
1612 throw new Exception ("Should not happen");
1616 // Reports that we were expecting `expr' to be of class `expected'
1618 protected void report118 (Location loc, Expression expr, string expected)
1620 string kind = "Unknown";
1623 kind = ExprClassName (expr.ExprClass);
1625 Error (118, loc, "Expression denotes a '" + kind +
1626 "' where an " + expected + " was expected");
1631 // This is just a base class for expressions that can
1632 // appear on statements (invocations, object creation,
1633 // assignments, post/pre increment and decrement). The idea
1634 // being that they would support an extra Emition interface that
1635 // does not leave a result on the stack.
1638 public abstract class ExpressionStatement : Expression {
1641 // Requests the expression to be emitted in a `statement'
1642 // context. This means that no new value is left on the
1643 // stack after invoking this method (constrasted with
1644 // Emit that will always leave a value on the stack).
1646 public abstract void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec);
1650 // This kind of cast is used to encapsulate the child
1651 // whose type is child.Type into an expression that is
1652 // reported to return "return_type". This is used to encapsulate
1653 // expressions which have compatible types, but need to be dealt
1654 // at higher levels with.
1656 // For example, a "byte" expression could be encapsulated in one
1657 // of these as an "unsigned int". The type for the expression
1658 // would be "unsigned int".
1662 public class EmptyCast : Expression {
1663 protected Expression child;
1665 public EmptyCast (Expression child, Type return_type)
1667 ExprClass = child.ExprClass;
1672 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
1674 // This should never be invoked, we are born in fully
1675 // initialized state.
1680 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1687 // This kind of cast is used to encapsulate Value Types in objects.
1689 // The effect of it is to box the value type emitted by the previous
1692 public class BoxedCast : EmptyCast {
1694 public BoxedCast (Expression expr)
1695 : base (expr, TypeManager.object_type)
1699 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
1701 // This should never be invoked, we are born in fully
1702 // initialized state.
1707 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1710 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Box, child.Type);
1715 // This kind of cast is used to encapsulate a child expression
1716 // that can be trivially converted to a target type using one or
1717 // two opcodes. The opcodes are passed as arguments.
1719 public class OpcodeCast : EmptyCast {
1723 public OpcodeCast (Expression child, Type return_type, OpCode op)
1724 : base (child, return_type)
1728 second_valid = false;
1731 public OpcodeCast (Expression child, Type return_type, OpCode op, OpCode op2)
1732 : base (child, return_type)
1737 second_valid = true;
1740 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
1742 // This should never be invoked, we are born in fully
1743 // initialized state.
1748 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1760 // This kind of cast is used to encapsulate a child and cast it
1761 // to the class requested
1763 public class ClassCast : EmptyCast {
1764 public ClassCast (Expression child, Type return_type)
1765 : base (child, return_type)
1770 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
1772 // This should never be invoked, we are born in fully
1773 // initialized state.
1778 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1782 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Castclass, type);
1788 // Unary expressions.
1792 // Unary implements unary expressions. It derives from
1793 // ExpressionStatement becuase the pre/post increment/decrement
1794 // operators can be used in a statement context.
1796 public class Unary : ExpressionStatement {
1797 public enum Operator {
1798 Addition, Subtraction, Negate, BitComplement,
1799 Indirection, AddressOf, PreIncrement,
1800 PreDecrement, PostIncrement, PostDecrement
1805 ArrayList Arguments;
1809 public Unary (Operator op, Expression expr, Location loc)
1816 public Expression Expr {
1826 public Operator Oper {
1837 // Returns a stringified representation of the Operator
1842 case Operator.Addition:
1844 case Operator.Subtraction:
1846 case Operator.Negate:
1848 case Operator.BitComplement:
1850 case Operator.AddressOf:
1852 case Operator.Indirection:
1854 case Operator.PreIncrement : case Operator.PostIncrement :
1856 case Operator.PreDecrement : case Operator.PostDecrement :
1860 return oper.ToString ();
1863 Expression ForceConversion (EmitContext ec, Expression expr, Type target_type)
1865 if (expr.Type == target_type)
1868 return ConvertImplicit (ec, expr, target_type, new Location (-1));
1871 void error23 (Type t)
1874 23, loc, "Operator " + OperName () +
1875 " cannot be applied to operand of type `" +
1876 TypeManager.CSharpName (t) + "'");
1880 // Returns whether an object of type `t' can be incremented
1881 // or decremented with add/sub (ie, basically whether we can
1882 // use pre-post incr-decr operations on it, but it is not a
1883 // System.Decimal, which we test elsewhere)
1885 static bool IsIncrementableNumber (Type t)
1887 return (t == TypeManager.sbyte_type) ||
1888 (t == TypeManager.byte_type) ||
1889 (t == TypeManager.short_type) ||
1890 (t == TypeManager.ushort_type) ||
1891 (t == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
1892 (t == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
1893 (t == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
1894 (t == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
1895 (t == TypeManager.char_type) ||
1896 (t.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type)) ||
1897 (t == TypeManager.float_type) ||
1898 (t == TypeManager.double_type);
1901 Expression ResolveOperator (EmitContext ec)
1903 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
1906 // Step 1: Perform Operator Overload location
1911 if (oper == Operator.PostIncrement || oper == Operator.PreIncrement)
1912 op_name = "op_Increment";
1913 else if (oper == Operator.PostDecrement || oper == Operator.PreDecrement)
1914 op_name = "op_Decrement";
1916 op_name = "op_" + oper;
1918 mg = MemberLookup (ec, expr_type, op_name, false, loc);
1920 if (mg == null && expr_type.BaseType != null)
1921 mg = MemberLookup (ec, expr_type.BaseType, op_name, false, loc);
1924 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
1925 Arguments.Add (new Argument (expr, Argument.AType.Expression));
1927 method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (ec, (MethodGroupExpr) mg,
1929 if (method != null) {
1930 MethodInfo mi = (MethodInfo) method;
1931 type = mi.ReturnType;
1934 error23 (expr_type);
1941 // Step 2: Default operations on CLI native types.
1944 // Only perform numeric promotions on:
1947 if (expr_type == null)
1950 if (oper == Operator.Negate){
1951 if (expr_type != TypeManager.bool_type) {
1952 error23 (expr.Type);
1956 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
1960 if (oper == Operator.BitComplement) {
1961 if (!((expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
1962 (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
1963 (expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
1964 (expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
1965 (expr_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type)))){
1966 error23 (expr.Type);
1973 if (oper == Operator.Addition) {
1975 // A plus in front of something is just a no-op, so return the child.
1981 // Deals with -literals
1982 // int operator- (int x)
1983 // long operator- (long x)
1984 // float operator- (float f)
1985 // double operator- (double d)
1986 // decimal operator- (decimal d)
1988 if (oper == Operator.Subtraction){
1990 // Fold a "- Constant" into a negative constant
1993 Expression e = null;
1996 // Is this a constant?
1998 if (expr is IntLiteral)
1999 e = new IntLiteral (-((IntLiteral) expr).Value);
2000 else if (expr is LongLiteral)
2001 e = new LongLiteral (-((LongLiteral) expr).Value);
2002 else if (expr is FloatLiteral)
2003 e = new FloatLiteral (-((FloatLiteral) expr).Value);
2004 else if (expr is DoubleLiteral)
2005 e = new DoubleLiteral (-((DoubleLiteral) expr).Value);
2006 else if (expr is DecimalLiteral)
2007 e = new DecimalLiteral (-((DecimalLiteral) expr).Value);
2015 // Not a constant we can optimize, perform numeric
2016 // promotions to int, long, double.
2019 // The following is inneficient, because we call
2020 // ConvertImplicit too many times.
2022 // It is also not clear if we should convert to Float
2023 // or Double initially.
2025 if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type){
2027 // FIXME: handle exception to this rule that
2028 // permits the int value -2147483648 (-2^31) to
2029 // bt written as a decimal interger literal
2031 type = TypeManager.int64_type;
2032 expr = ConvertImplicit (ec, expr, type, loc);
2036 if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
2038 // FIXME: Handle exception of `long value'
2039 // -92233720368547758087 (-2^63) to be written as
2040 // decimal integer literal.
2042 error23 (expr_type);
2046 e = ConvertImplicit (ec, expr, TypeManager.int32_type, loc);
2053 e = ConvertImplicit (ec, expr, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
2060 e = ConvertImplicit (ec, expr, TypeManager.double_type, loc);
2067 error23 (expr_type);
2072 // The operand of the prefix/postfix increment decrement operators
2073 // should be an expression that is classified as a variable,
2074 // a property access or an indexer access
2076 if (oper == Operator.PreDecrement || oper == Operator.PreIncrement ||
2077 oper == Operator.PostDecrement || oper == Operator.PostIncrement){
2078 if (expr.ExprClass == ExprClass.Variable){
2079 if (IsIncrementableNumber (expr_type) ||
2080 expr_type == TypeManager.decimal_type){
2084 } else if (expr.ExprClass == ExprClass.IndexerAccess){
2086 // FIXME: Verify that we have both get and set methods
2088 throw new Exception ("Implement me");
2089 } else if (expr.ExprClass == ExprClass.PropertyAccess){
2090 PropertyExpr pe = (PropertyExpr) expr;
2094 a = pe.VerifyReadable ();
2095 b = pe.VerifyAssignable ();
2102 report118 (loc, expr, "variable, indexer or property access");
2106 if (oper == Operator.AddressOf){
2107 if (expr.ExprClass != ExprClass.Variable){
2108 Error (211, "Cannot take the address of non-variables");
2111 type = Type.GetType (expr.Type.ToString () + "*");
2114 Error (187, "No such operator '" + OperName () + "' defined for type '" +
2115 TypeManager.CSharpName (expr_type) + "'");
2120 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
2122 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
2127 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
2128 return ResolveOperator (ec);
2131 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
2133 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2134 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
2137 if (method != null) {
2139 // Note that operators are static anyway
2141 if (Arguments != null)
2142 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, method, Arguments);
2145 // Post increment/decrement operations need a copy at this
2148 if (oper == Operator.PostDecrement || oper == Operator.PostIncrement)
2149 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
2152 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method);
2155 // Pre Increment and Decrement operators
2157 if (oper == Operator.PreIncrement || oper == Operator.PreDecrement){
2158 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
2162 // Increment and Decrement should store the result
2164 if (oper == Operator.PreDecrement || oper == Operator.PreIncrement ||
2165 oper == Operator.PostDecrement || oper == Operator.PostIncrement){
2166 ((LValue) expr).Store (ec);
2172 case Operator.Addition:
2173 throw new Exception ("This should be caught by Resolve");
2175 case Operator.Subtraction:
2177 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Neg);
2180 case Operator.Negate:
2182 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
2183 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ceq);
2186 case Operator.BitComplement:
2188 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Not);
2191 case Operator.AddressOf:
2192 ((MemoryLocation)expr).AddressOf (ec);
2195 case Operator.Indirection:
2196 throw new Exception ("Not implemented yet");
2198 case Operator.PreIncrement:
2199 case Operator.PreDecrement:
2200 if (expr.ExprClass == ExprClass.Variable){
2202 // Resolve already verified that it is an "incrementable"
2205 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
2207 if (oper == Operator.PreDecrement)
2208 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub);
2210 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
2211 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
2212 ((LValue) expr).Store (ec);
2214 throw new Exception ("Handle Indexers and Properties here");
2218 case Operator.PostIncrement:
2219 case Operator.PostDecrement:
2220 eclass = expr.ExprClass;
2221 if (eclass == ExprClass.Variable){
2223 // Resolve already verified that it is an "incrementable"
2226 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
2227 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
2229 if (oper == Operator.PostDecrement)
2230 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub);
2232 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
2233 ((LValue) expr).Store (ec);
2234 } else if (eclass == ExprClass.PropertyAccess){
2235 throw new Exception ("Handle Properties here");
2236 } else if (eclass == ExprClass.IndexerAccess) {
2237 throw new Exception ("Handle Indexers here");
2239 Console.WriteLine ("Unknown exprclass: " + eclass);
2244 throw new Exception ("This should not happen: Operator = "
2245 + oper.ToString ());
2250 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
2253 // FIXME: we should rewrite this code to generate
2254 // better code for ++ and -- as we know we wont need
2255 // the values on the stack
2258 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
2262 public class Probe : Expression {
2263 public readonly string ProbeType;
2264 public readonly Operator Oper;
2268 public enum Operator {
2272 public Probe (Operator oper, Expression expr, string probe_type)
2275 ProbeType = probe_type;
2279 public Expression Expr {
2285 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
2287 probe_type = ec.TypeContainer.LookupType (ProbeType, false);
2289 if (probe_type == null)
2292 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
2294 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2295 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
2300 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
2302 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2306 if (Oper == Operator.Is){
2307 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Isinst, probe_type);
2308 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldnull);
2309 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Cgt_Un);
2311 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Isinst, probe_type);
2317 // This represents a typecast in the source language.
2319 // FIXME: Cast expressions have an unusual set of parsing
2320 // rules, we need to figure those out.
2322 public class Cast : Expression {
2327 public Cast (string cast_type, Expression expr, Location loc)
2329 this.target_type = cast_type;
2334 public string TargetType {
2340 public Expression Expr {
2349 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
2351 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
2355 type = ec.TypeContainer.LookupType (target_type, false);
2356 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
2361 expr = ConvertExplicit (ec, expr, type, loc);
2366 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
2369 // This one will never happen
2371 throw new Exception ("Should not happen");
2375 public class Binary : Expression {
2376 public enum Operator {
2377 Multiply, Division, Modulus,
2378 Addition, Subtraction,
2379 LeftShift, RightShift,
2380 LessThan, GreaterThan, LessThanOrEqual, GreaterThanOrEqual,
2381 Equality, Inequality,
2390 Expression left, right;
2392 ArrayList Arguments;
2396 public Binary (Operator oper, Expression left, Expression right, Location loc)
2404 public Operator Oper {
2413 public Expression Left {
2422 public Expression Right {
2433 // Returns a stringified representation of the Operator
2438 case Operator.Multiply:
2440 case Operator.Division:
2442 case Operator.Modulus:
2444 case Operator.Addition:
2446 case Operator.Subtraction:
2448 case Operator.LeftShift:
2450 case Operator.RightShift:
2452 case Operator.LessThan:
2454 case Operator.GreaterThan:
2456 case Operator.LessThanOrEqual:
2458 case Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual:
2460 case Operator.Equality:
2462 case Operator.Inequality:
2464 case Operator.BitwiseAnd:
2466 case Operator.BitwiseOr:
2468 case Operator.ExclusiveOr:
2470 case Operator.LogicalOr:
2472 case Operator.LogicalAnd:
2476 return oper.ToString ();
2479 Expression ForceConversion (EmitContext ec, Expression expr, Type target_type)
2481 if (expr.Type == target_type)
2484 return ConvertImplicit (ec, expr, target_type, new Location (-1));
2488 // Note that handling the case l == Decimal || r == Decimal
2489 // is taken care of by the Step 1 Operator Overload resolution.
2491 void DoNumericPromotions (EmitContext ec, Type l, Type r)
2493 if (l == TypeManager.double_type || r == TypeManager.double_type){
2495 // If either operand is of type double, the other operand is
2496 // conveted to type double.
2498 if (r != TypeManager.double_type)
2499 right = ConvertImplicit (ec, right, TypeManager.double_type, loc);
2500 if (l != TypeManager.double_type)
2501 left = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.double_type, loc);
2503 type = TypeManager.double_type;
2504 } else if (l == TypeManager.float_type || r == TypeManager.float_type){
2506 // if either operand is of type float, th eother operand is
2507 // converd to type float.
2509 if (r != TypeManager.double_type)
2510 right = ConvertImplicit (ec, right, TypeManager.float_type, loc);
2511 if (l != TypeManager.double_type)
2512 left = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.float_type, loc);
2513 type = TypeManager.float_type;
2514 } else if (l == TypeManager.uint64_type || r == TypeManager.uint64_type){
2518 // If either operand is of type ulong, the other operand is
2519 // converted to type ulong. or an error ocurrs if the other
2520 // operand is of type sbyte, short, int or long
2523 if (l == TypeManager.uint64_type){
2524 if (r != TypeManager.uint64_type && right is IntLiteral){
2525 e = TryImplicitIntConversion (l, (IntLiteral) right);
2531 if (left is IntLiteral){
2532 e = TryImplicitIntConversion (r, (IntLiteral) left);
2539 if ((other == TypeManager.sbyte_type) ||
2540 (other == TypeManager.short_type) ||
2541 (other == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
2542 (other == TypeManager.int64_type)){
2543 string oper = OperName ();
2545 Error (34, loc, "Operator `" + OperName ()
2546 + "' is ambiguous on operands of type `"
2547 + TypeManager.CSharpName (l) + "' "
2548 + "and `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (r)
2551 type = TypeManager.uint64_type;
2552 } else if (l == TypeManager.int64_type || r == TypeManager.int64_type){
2554 // If either operand is of type long, the other operand is converted
2557 if (l != TypeManager.int64_type)
2558 left = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
2559 if (r != TypeManager.int64_type)
2560 right = ConvertImplicit (ec, right, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
2562 type = TypeManager.int64_type;
2563 } else if (l == TypeManager.uint32_type || r == TypeManager.uint32_type){
2565 // If either operand is of type uint, and the other
2566 // operand is of type sbyte, short or int, othe operands are
2567 // converted to type long.
2571 if (l == TypeManager.uint32_type)
2573 else if (r == TypeManager.uint32_type)
2576 if ((other == TypeManager.sbyte_type) ||
2577 (other == TypeManager.short_type) ||
2578 (other == TypeManager.int32_type)){
2579 left = ForceConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.int64_type);
2580 right = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.int64_type);
2581 type = TypeManager.int64_type;
2584 // if either operand is of type uint, the other
2585 // operand is converd to type uint
2587 left = ForceConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.uint32_type);
2588 right = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.uint32_type);
2589 type = TypeManager.uint32_type;
2591 } else if (l == TypeManager.decimal_type || r == TypeManager.decimal_type){
2592 if (l != TypeManager.decimal_type)
2593 left = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.decimal_type, loc);
2594 if (r != TypeManager.decimal_type)
2595 right = ConvertImplicit (ec, right, TypeManager.decimal_type, loc);
2597 type = TypeManager.decimal_type;
2599 Expression l_tmp, r_tmp;
2601 l_tmp = ForceConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.int32_type);
2602 if (l_tmp == null) {
2608 r_tmp = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.int32_type);
2609 if (r_tmp == null) {
2615 type = TypeManager.int32_type;
2622 "Operator " + OperName () + " cannot be applied to operands of type `" +
2623 TypeManager.CSharpName (left.Type) + "' and `" +
2624 TypeManager.CSharpName (right.Type) + "'");
2628 Expression CheckShiftArguments (EmitContext ec)
2632 Type r = right.Type;
2634 e = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.int32_type);
2641 if (((e = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.int32_type, loc)) != null) ||
2642 ((e = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.uint32_type, loc)) != null) ||
2643 ((e = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.int64_type, loc)) != null) ||
2644 ((e = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.uint64_type, loc)) != null)){
2654 Expression ResolveOperator (EmitContext ec)
2657 Type r = right.Type;
2660 // Step 1: Perform Operator Overload location
2662 Expression left_expr, right_expr;
2664 string op = "op_" + oper;
2666 left_expr = MemberLookup (ec, l, op, false, loc);
2667 if (left_expr == null && l.BaseType != null)
2668 left_expr = MemberLookup (ec, l.BaseType, op, false, loc);
2670 right_expr = MemberLookup (ec, r, op, false, loc);
2671 if (right_expr == null && r.BaseType != null)
2672 right_expr = MemberLookup (ec, r.BaseType, op, false, loc);
2674 MethodGroupExpr union = Invocation.MakeUnionSet (left_expr, right_expr);
2676 if (union != null) {
2677 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
2678 Arguments.Add (new Argument (left, Argument.AType.Expression));
2679 Arguments.Add (new Argument (right, Argument.AType.Expression));
2681 method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (ec, union, Arguments, loc);
2682 if (method != null) {
2683 MethodInfo mi = (MethodInfo) method;
2684 type = mi.ReturnType;
2693 // Step 2: Default operations on CLI native types.
2696 // Only perform numeric promotions on:
2697 // +, -, *, /, %, &, |, ^, ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=
2699 if (oper == Operator.Addition){
2701 // If any of the arguments is a string, cast to string
2703 if (l == TypeManager.string_type){
2704 if (r == TypeManager.string_type){
2706 method = TypeManager.string_concat_string_string;
2709 method = TypeManager.string_concat_object_object;
2710 right = ConvertImplicit (ec, right,
2711 TypeManager.object_type, loc);
2713 type = TypeManager.string_type;
2715 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
2716 Arguments.Add (new Argument (left, Argument.AType.Expression));
2717 Arguments.Add (new Argument (right, Argument.AType.Expression));
2721 } else if (r == TypeManager.string_type){
2723 method = TypeManager.string_concat_object_object;
2724 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
2725 Arguments.Add (new Argument (left, Argument.AType.Expression));
2726 Arguments.Add (new Argument (right, Argument.AType.Expression));
2728 left = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.object_type, loc);
2729 type = TypeManager.string_type;
2735 // FIXME: is Delegate operator + (D x, D y) handled?
2739 if (oper == Operator.LeftShift || oper == Operator.RightShift)
2740 return CheckShiftArguments (ec);
2742 if (oper == Operator.LogicalOr || oper == Operator.LogicalAnd){
2743 if (l != TypeManager.bool_type || r != TypeManager.bool_type)
2746 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2751 // We are dealing with numbers
2754 DoNumericPromotions (ec, l, r);
2756 if (left == null || right == null)
2760 if (oper == Operator.BitwiseAnd ||
2761 oper == Operator.BitwiseOr ||
2762 oper == Operator.ExclusiveOr){
2763 if (!((l == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
2764 (l == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
2765 (l == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
2766 (l == TypeManager.uint64_type))){
2773 if (oper == Operator.Equality ||
2774 oper == Operator.Inequality ||
2775 oper == Operator.LessThanOrEqual ||
2776 oper == Operator.LessThan ||
2777 oper == Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual ||
2778 oper == Operator.GreaterThan){
2779 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2785 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
2787 left = left.Resolve (ec);
2788 right = right.Resolve (ec);
2790 if (left == null || right == null)
2793 if (left.Type == null)
2794 throw new Exception (
2795 "Resolve returned non null, but did not set the type! (" +
2797 if (right.Type == null)
2798 throw new Exception (
2799 "Resolve returned non null, but did not set the type! (" +
2802 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
2804 return ResolveOperator (ec);
2807 public bool IsBranchable ()
2809 if (oper == Operator.Equality ||
2810 oper == Operator.Inequality ||
2811 oper == Operator.LessThan ||
2812 oper == Operator.GreaterThan ||
2813 oper == Operator.LessThanOrEqual ||
2814 oper == Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual){
2821 // This entry point is used by routines that might want
2822 // to emit a brfalse/brtrue after an expression, and instead
2823 // they could use a more compact notation.
2825 // Typically the code would generate l.emit/r.emit, followed
2826 // by the comparission and then a brtrue/brfalse. The comparissions
2827 // are sometimes inneficient (there are not as complete as the branches
2828 // look for the hacks in Emit using double ceqs).
2830 // So for those cases we provide EmitBranchable that can emit the
2831 // branch with the test
2833 public void EmitBranchable (EmitContext ec, int target)
2836 bool close_target = false;
2842 case Operator.Equality:
2844 opcode = OpCodes.Beq_S;
2846 opcode = OpCodes.Beq;
2849 case Operator.Inequality:
2851 opcode = OpCodes.Bne_Un_S;
2853 opcode = OpCodes.Bne_Un;
2856 case Operator.LessThan:
2858 opcode = OpCodes.Blt_S;
2860 opcode = OpCodes.Blt;
2863 case Operator.GreaterThan:
2865 opcode = OpCodes.Bgt_S;
2867 opcode = OpCodes.Bgt;
2870 case Operator.LessThanOrEqual:
2872 opcode = OpCodes.Ble_S;
2874 opcode = OpCodes.Ble;
2877 case Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual:
2879 opcode = OpCodes.Bge_S;
2881 opcode = OpCodes.Ble;
2885 throw new Exception ("EmitBranchable called on non-EmitBranchable operator: "
2886 + oper.ToString ());
2889 ec.ig.Emit (opcode, target);
2892 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
2894 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2896 Type r = right.Type;
2899 if (method != null) {
2901 // Note that operators are static anyway
2903 if (Arguments != null)
2904 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, method, Arguments);
2906 if (method is MethodInfo)
2907 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method);
2909 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
2918 case Operator.Multiply:
2920 if (l == TypeManager.int32_type || l == TypeManager.int64_type)
2921 opcode = OpCodes.Mul_Ovf;
2922 else if (l==TypeManager.uint32_type || l==TypeManager.uint64_type)
2923 opcode = OpCodes.Mul_Ovf_Un;
2925 opcode = OpCodes.Mul;
2927 opcode = OpCodes.Mul;
2931 case Operator.Division:
2932 if (l == TypeManager.uint32_type || l == TypeManager.uint64_type)
2933 opcode = OpCodes.Div_Un;
2935 opcode = OpCodes.Div;
2938 case Operator.Modulus:
2939 if (l == TypeManager.uint32_type || l == TypeManager.uint64_type)
2940 opcode = OpCodes.Rem_Un;
2942 opcode = OpCodes.Rem;
2945 case Operator.Addition:
2947 if (l == TypeManager.int32_type || l == TypeManager.int64_type)
2948 opcode = OpCodes.Add_Ovf;
2949 else if (l==TypeManager.uint32_type || l==TypeManager.uint64_type)
2950 opcode = OpCodes.Add_Ovf_Un;
2952 opcode = OpCodes.Mul;
2954 opcode = OpCodes.Add;
2957 case Operator.Subtraction:
2959 if (l == TypeManager.int32_type || l == TypeManager.int64_type)
2960 opcode = OpCodes.Sub_Ovf;
2961 else if (l==TypeManager.uint32_type || l==TypeManager.uint64_type)
2962 opcode = OpCodes.Sub_Ovf_Un;
2964 opcode = OpCodes.Sub;
2966 opcode = OpCodes.Sub;
2969 case Operator.RightShift:
2970 opcode = OpCodes.Shr;
2973 case Operator.LeftShift:
2974 opcode = OpCodes.Shl;
2977 case Operator.Equality:
2978 opcode = OpCodes.Ceq;
2981 case Operator.Inequality:
2982 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ceq);
2983 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
2985 opcode = OpCodes.Ceq;
2988 case Operator.LessThan:
2989 opcode = OpCodes.Clt;
2992 case Operator.GreaterThan:
2993 opcode = OpCodes.Cgt;
2996 case Operator.LessThanOrEqual:
2997 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Cgt);
2998 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
3000 opcode = OpCodes.Ceq;
3003 case Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual:
3004 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Clt);
3005 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
3007 opcode = OpCodes.Sub;
3010 case Operator.LogicalOr:
3011 case Operator.BitwiseOr:
3012 opcode = OpCodes.Or;
3015 case Operator.LogicalAnd:
3016 case Operator.BitwiseAnd:
3017 opcode = OpCodes.And;
3020 case Operator.ExclusiveOr:
3021 opcode = OpCodes.Xor;
3025 throw new Exception ("This should not happen: Operator = "
3026 + oper.ToString ());
3033 public class Conditional : Expression {
3034 Expression expr, trueExpr, falseExpr;
3037 public Conditional (Expression expr, Expression trueExpr, Expression falseExpr, Location l)
3040 this.trueExpr = trueExpr;
3041 this.falseExpr = falseExpr;
3045 public Expression Expr {
3051 public Expression TrueExpr {
3057 public Expression FalseExpr {
3063 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3065 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
3067 if (expr.Type != TypeManager.bool_type)
3068 expr = Expression.ConvertImplicitRequired (
3069 ec, expr, TypeManager.bool_type, loc);
3071 trueExpr = trueExpr.Resolve (ec);
3072 falseExpr = falseExpr.Resolve (ec);
3074 if (expr == null || trueExpr == null || falseExpr == null)
3077 if (trueExpr.Type == falseExpr.Type)
3078 type = trueExpr.Type;
3083 // First, if an implicit conversion exists from trueExpr
3084 // to falseExpr, then the result type is of type falseExpr.Type
3086 conv = ConvertImplicit (ec, trueExpr, falseExpr.Type, loc);
3088 type = falseExpr.Type;
3090 } else if ((conv = ConvertImplicit(ec, falseExpr,trueExpr.Type,loc))!= null){
3091 type = trueExpr.Type;
3094 Error (173, loc, "The type of the conditional expression can " +
3095 "not be computed because there is no implicit conversion" +
3096 " from `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (trueExpr.Type) + "'" +
3097 " and `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (falseExpr.Type) + "'");
3102 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
3106 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3108 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3109 Label false_target = ig.DefineLabel ();
3110 Label end_target = ig.DefineLabel ();
3113 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, false_target);
3115 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, end_target);
3116 ig.MarkLabel (false_target);
3117 falseExpr.Emit (ec);
3118 ig.MarkLabel (end_target);
3123 // SimpleName expressions are initially formed of a single
3124 // word and it only happens at the beginning of the expression.
3126 // The expression will try to be bound to a Field, a Method
3127 // group or a Property. If those fail we pass the name to our
3128 // caller and the SimpleName is compounded to perform a type
3129 // lookup. The idea behind this process is that we want to avoid
3130 // creating a namespace map from the assemblies, as that requires
3131 // the GetExportedTypes function to be called and a hashtable to
3132 // be constructed which reduces startup time. If later we find
3133 // that this is slower, we should create a `NamespaceExpr' expression
3134 // that fully participates in the resolution process.
3136 // For example `System.Console.WriteLine' is decomposed into
3137 // MemberAccess (MemberAccess (SimpleName ("System"), "Console"), "WriteLine")
3139 // The first SimpleName wont produce a match on its own, so it will
3141 // MemberAccess (SimpleName ("System.Console"), "WriteLine").
3143 // System.Console will produce a TypeExpr match.
3145 // The downside of this is that we might be hitting `LookupType' too many
3146 // times with this scheme.
3148 public class SimpleName : Expression {
3149 public readonly string Name;
3150 public readonly Location Location;
3152 public SimpleName (string name, Location l)
3158 public static void Error120 (Location l, string name)
3162 "An object reference is required " +
3163 "for the non-static field `"+name+"'");
3167 // Checks whether we are trying to access an instance
3168 // property, method or field from a static body.
3170 Expression MemberStaticCheck (Expression e)
3172 if (e is FieldExpr){
3173 FieldInfo fi = ((FieldExpr) e).FieldInfo;
3176 Error120 (Location, Name);
3179 } else if (e is MethodGroupExpr){
3180 MethodGroupExpr mg = (MethodGroupExpr) e;
3182 if (!mg.RemoveInstanceMethods ()){
3183 Error120 (Location, mg.Methods [0].Name);
3187 } else if (e is PropertyExpr){
3188 if (!((PropertyExpr) e).IsStatic){
3189 Error120 (Location, Name);
3198 // 7.5.2: Simple Names.
3200 // Local Variables and Parameters are handled at
3201 // parse time, so they never occur as SimpleNames.
3203 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3208 // Stage 1: Performed by the parser (binding to local or parameters).
3212 // Stage 2: Lookup members
3214 e = MemberLookup (ec, ec.TypeContainer.TypeBuilder, Name, true, Location);
3217 // Stage 3: Lookup symbol in the various namespaces.
3221 if ((t = ec.TypeContainer.LookupType (Name, true)) != null)
3222 return new TypeExpr (t);
3225 // Stage 3 part b: Lookup up if we are an alias to a type
3228 // Since we are cheating: we only do the Alias lookup for
3229 // namespaces if the name does not include any dots in it
3232 // IMPLEMENT ME. Read mcs/mcs/TODO for ideas, or rewrite
3233 // using NamespaceExprs (dunno how that fixes the alias
3234 // per-file though).
3236 // No match, maybe our parent can compose us
3237 // into something meaningful.
3242 // Step 2, continues here.
3246 if (e is FieldExpr){
3247 FieldExpr fe = (FieldExpr) e;
3249 if (!fe.FieldInfo.IsStatic)
3250 fe.InstanceExpression = new This (Location.Null);
3254 return MemberStaticCheck (e);
3259 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3262 // If this is ever reached, then we failed to
3263 // find the name as a namespace
3266 Error (103, Location, "The name `" + Name +
3267 "' does not exist in the class `" +
3268 ec.TypeContainer.Name + "'");
3273 // A simple interface that should be implemeneted by LValues
3275 public interface LValue {
3278 // The Store method should store the contents of the top
3279 // of the stack into the storage that is implemented by
3280 // the particular implementation of LValue
3282 void Store (EmitContext ec);
3285 // Allows an LValue to perform any necessary semantic
3286 // analysis in an lvalue-context.
3289 Expression LValueResolve (EmitContext ec);
3293 // This interface is implemented by variables
3295 public interface MemoryLocation {
3297 // The AddressOf method should generate code that loads
3298 // the address of the LValue and leaves it on the stack
3300 void AddressOf (EmitContext ec);
3303 public class LocalTemporary : Expression, LValue, MemoryLocation {
3304 LocalBuilder builder;
3306 public LocalTemporary (EmitContext ec, Type t)
3309 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
3310 builder = ec.GetTemporaryStorage (t);
3313 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3318 public Expression LValueResolve (EmitContext ec)
3323 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3325 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, builder);
3328 public void Store (EmitContext ec)
3330 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, builder);
3333 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec)
3335 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloca, builder);
3339 public class LocalVariableReference : Expression, LValue, MemoryLocation {
3340 public readonly string Name;
3341 public readonly Block Block;
3343 VariableInfo variable_info;
3345 public LocalVariableReference (Block block, string name)
3349 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
3352 public VariableInfo VariableInfo {
3354 if (variable_info == null)
3355 variable_info = Block.GetVariableInfo (Name);
3356 return variable_info;
3360 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3362 VariableInfo vi = VariableInfo;
3364 type = vi.VariableType;
3368 public Expression LValueResolve (EmitContext ec)
3373 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3375 VariableInfo vi = VariableInfo;
3376 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3383 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc_0);
3387 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc_1);
3391 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc_2);
3395 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc_3);
3400 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc_S, (byte) idx);
3402 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, idx);
3407 public static void Store (ILGenerator ig, int idx)
3411 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc_0);
3415 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc_1);
3419 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc_2);
3423 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc_3);
3428 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc_S, (byte) idx);
3430 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, idx);
3435 public void Store (EmitContext ec)
3437 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3438 VariableInfo vi = VariableInfo;
3442 // Funny seems the above generates optimal code for us, but
3443 // seems to take too long to generate what we need.
3444 // ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, vi.LocalBuilder);
3449 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec)
3451 VariableInfo vi = VariableInfo;
3458 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloca_S, (byte) idx);
3460 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloca, idx);
3464 public class ParameterReference : Expression, LValue, MemoryLocation {
3465 public readonly Parameters Pars;
3466 public readonly String Name;
3467 public readonly int Idx;
3470 public ParameterReference (Parameters pars, int idx, string name)
3475 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
3478 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3480 Type [] types = Pars.GetParameterInfo (ec.TypeContainer);
3491 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3494 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_S, (byte) arg_idx);
3496 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg, arg_idx);
3499 public void Store (EmitContext ec)
3502 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Starg_S, (byte) arg_idx);
3504 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Starg, arg_idx);
3508 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec)
3511 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarga_S, (byte) arg_idx);
3513 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarga, arg_idx);
3516 public Expression LValueResolve (EmitContext ec)
3523 // Used for arguments to New(), Invocation()
3525 public class Argument {
3532 public readonly AType Type;
3533 public Expression expr;
3535 public Argument (Expression expr, AType type)
3541 public Expression Expr {
3551 public bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
3553 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
3555 return expr != null;
3558 public void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3565 // Invocation of methods or delegates.
3567 public class Invocation : ExpressionStatement {
3568 public readonly ArrayList Arguments;
3569 public readonly Location Location;
3572 MethodBase method = null;
3574 static Hashtable method_parameter_cache;
3576 static Invocation ()
3578 method_parameter_cache = new Hashtable ();
3582 // arguments is an ArrayList, but we do not want to typecast,
3583 // as it might be null.
3585 // FIXME: only allow expr to be a method invocation or a
3586 // delegate invocation (7.5.5)
3588 public Invocation (Expression expr, ArrayList arguments, Location l)
3591 Arguments = arguments;
3595 public Expression Expr {
3602 // Returns the Parameters (a ParameterData interface) for the
3605 public static ParameterData GetParameterData (MethodBase mb)
3607 object pd = method_parameter_cache [mb];
3610 return (ParameterData) pd;
3612 if (mb is MethodBuilder || mb is ConstructorBuilder){
3613 MethodCore mc = TypeContainer.LookupMethodByBuilder (mb);
3615 InternalParameters ip = mc.ParameterInfo;
3616 method_parameter_cache [mb] = ip;
3618 return (ParameterData) ip;
3620 ParameterInfo [] pi = mb.GetParameters ();
3621 ReflectionParameters rp = new ReflectionParameters (pi);
3622 method_parameter_cache [mb] = rp;
3624 return (ParameterData) rp;
3629 // Tells whether a user defined conversion from Type `from' to
3630 // Type `to' exists.
3632 // FIXME: we could implement a cache here.
3634 static bool ConversionExists (EmitContext ec, Type from, Type to, Location loc)
3636 // Locate user-defined implicit operators
3640 mg = MemberLookup (ec, to, "op_Implicit", false, loc);
3643 MethodGroupExpr me = (MethodGroupExpr) mg;
3645 for (int i = me.Methods.Length; i > 0;) {
3647 MethodBase mb = me.Methods [i];
3648 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (mb);
3650 if (from == pd.ParameterType (0))
3655 mg = MemberLookup (ec, from, "op_Implicit", false, loc);
3658 MethodGroupExpr me = (MethodGroupExpr) mg;
3660 for (int i = me.Methods.Length; i > 0;) {
3662 MethodBase mb = me.Methods [i];
3663 MethodInfo mi = (MethodInfo) mb;
3665 if (mi.ReturnType == to)
3674 // Determines "better conversion" as specified in 7.4.2.3
3675 // Returns : 1 if a->p is better
3676 // 0 if a->q or neither is better
3678 static int BetterConversion (EmitContext ec, Argument a, Type p, Type q, bool use_standard,
3681 Type argument_type = a.Expr.Type;
3682 Expression argument_expr = a.Expr;
3684 if (argument_type == null)
3685 throw new Exception ("Expression of type " + a.Expr + " does not resolve its type");
3690 if (argument_type == p)
3693 if (argument_type == q)
3697 // Now probe whether an implicit constant expression conversion
3700 // An implicit constant expression conversion permits the following
3703 // * A constant-expression of type `int' can be converted to type
3704 // sbyte, byute, short, ushort, uint, ulong provided the value of
3705 // of the expression is withing the range of the destination type.
3707 // * A constant-expression of type long can be converted to type
3708 // ulong, provided the value of the constant expression is not negative
3710 // FIXME: Note that this assumes that constant folding has
3711 // taken place. We dont do constant folding yet.
3714 if (argument_expr is IntLiteral){
3715 IntLiteral ei = (IntLiteral) argument_expr;
3716 int value = ei.Value;
3718 if (p == TypeManager.sbyte_type){
3719 if (value >= SByte.MinValue && value <= SByte.MaxValue)
3721 } else if (p == TypeManager.byte_type){
3722 if (Byte.MinValue >= 0 && value <= Byte.MaxValue)
3724 } else if (p == TypeManager.short_type){
3725 if (value >= Int16.MinValue && value <= Int16.MaxValue)
3727 } else if (p == TypeManager.ushort_type){
3728 if (value >= UInt16.MinValue && value <= UInt16.MaxValue)
3730 } else if (p == TypeManager.uint32_type){
3732 // we can optimize this case: a positive int32
3733 // always fits on a uint32
3737 } else if (p == TypeManager.uint64_type){
3739 // we can optimize this case: a positive int32
3740 // always fits on a uint64
3745 } else if (argument_type == TypeManager.int64_type && argument_expr is LongLiteral){
3746 LongLiteral ll = (LongLiteral) argument_expr;
3748 if (p == TypeManager.uint64_type){
3759 tmp = ConvertImplicitStandard (ec, argument_expr, p, loc);
3761 tmp = ConvertImplicit (ec, argument_expr, p, loc);
3770 if (ConversionExists (ec, p, q, loc) == true &&
3771 ConversionExists (ec, q, p, loc) == false)
3774 if (p == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
3775 if (q == TypeManager.byte_type || q == TypeManager.ushort_type ||
3776 q == TypeManager.uint32_type || q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
3779 if (p == TypeManager.short_type)
3780 if (q == TypeManager.ushort_type || q == TypeManager.uint32_type ||
3781 q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
3784 if (p == TypeManager.int32_type)
3785 if (q == TypeManager.uint32_type || q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
3788 if (p == TypeManager.int64_type)
3789 if (q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
3796 // Determines "Better function" and returns an integer indicating :
3797 // 0 if candidate ain't better
3798 // 1 if candidate is better than the current best match
3800 static int BetterFunction (EmitContext ec, ArrayList args,
3801 MethodBase candidate, MethodBase best,
3802 bool use_standard, Location loc)
3804 ParameterData candidate_pd = GetParameterData (candidate);
3805 ParameterData best_pd;
3811 argument_count = args.Count;
3813 if (candidate_pd.Count == 0 && argument_count == 0)
3817 if (candidate_pd.Count == argument_count) {
3819 for (int j = argument_count; j > 0;) {
3822 Argument a = (Argument) args [j];
3824 x = BetterConversion (
3825 ec, a, candidate_pd.ParameterType (j), null,
3841 best_pd = GetParameterData (best);
3843 if (candidate_pd.Count == argument_count && best_pd.Count == argument_count) {
3844 int rating1 = 0, rating2 = 0;
3846 for (int j = argument_count; j > 0;) {
3850 Argument a = (Argument) args [j];
3852 x = BetterConversion (ec, a, candidate_pd.ParameterType (j),
3853 best_pd.ParameterType (j), use_standard, loc);
3854 y = BetterConversion (ec, a, best_pd.ParameterType (j),
3855 candidate_pd.ParameterType (j), use_standard,
3862 if (rating1 > rating2)
3871 public static string FullMethodDesc (MethodBase mb)
3873 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder (mb.Name);
3874 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (mb);
3877 for (int i = pd.Count; i > 0;) {
3879 sb.Append (TypeManager.CSharpName (pd.ParameterType (i)));
3885 return sb.ToString ();
3888 public static MethodGroupExpr MakeUnionSet (Expression mg1, Expression mg2)
3890 MemberInfo [] miset;
3891 MethodGroupExpr union;
3893 if (mg1 != null && mg2 != null) {
3895 MethodGroupExpr left_set = null, right_set = null;
3896 int length1 = 0, length2 = 0;
3898 left_set = (MethodGroupExpr) mg1;
3899 length1 = left_set.Methods.Length;
3901 right_set = (MethodGroupExpr) mg2;
3902 length2 = right_set.Methods.Length;
3904 ArrayList common = new ArrayList ();
3906 for (int i = 0; i < left_set.Methods.Length; i++) {
3907 for (int j = 0; j < right_set.Methods.Length; j++) {
3908 if (left_set.Methods [i] == right_set.Methods [j])
3909 common.Add (left_set.Methods [i]);
3913 miset = new MemberInfo [length1 + length2 - common.Count];
3915 left_set.Methods.CopyTo (miset, 0);
3919 for (int j = 0; j < right_set.Methods.Length; j++)
3920 if (!common.Contains (right_set.Methods [j]))
3921 miset [length1 + k++] = right_set.Methods [j];
3923 union = new MethodGroupExpr (miset);
3927 } else if (mg1 == null && mg2 != null) {
3929 MethodGroupExpr me = (MethodGroupExpr) mg2;
3931 miset = new MemberInfo [me.Methods.Length];
3932 me.Methods.CopyTo (miset, 0);
3934 union = new MethodGroupExpr (miset);
3938 } else if (mg2 == null && mg1 != null) {
3940 MethodGroupExpr me = (MethodGroupExpr) mg1;
3942 miset = new MemberInfo [me.Methods.Length];
3943 me.Methods.CopyTo (miset, 0);
3945 union = new MethodGroupExpr (miset);
3954 // Find the Applicable Function Members (7.4.2.1)
3956 // me: Method Group expression with the members to select.
3957 // it might contain constructors or methods (or anything
3958 // that maps to a method).
3960 // Arguments: ArrayList containing resolved Argument objects.
3962 // loc: The location if we want an error to be reported, or a Null
3963 // location for "probing" purposes.
3965 // inside_user_defined: controls whether OverloadResolve should use the
3966 // ConvertImplicit or ConvertImplicitStandard during overload resolution.
3968 // Returns: The MethodBase (either a ConstructorInfo or a MethodInfo)
3969 // that is the best match of me on Arguments.
3972 public static MethodBase OverloadResolve (EmitContext ec, MethodGroupExpr me,
3973 ArrayList Arguments, Location loc,
3976 ArrayList afm = new ArrayList ();
3977 int best_match_idx = -1;
3978 MethodBase method = null;
3981 for (int i = me.Methods.Length; i > 0; ){
3983 MethodBase candidate = me.Methods [i];
3986 x = BetterFunction (ec, Arguments, candidate, method, use_standard, loc);
3992 method = me.Methods [best_match_idx];
3996 if (Arguments == null)
3999 argument_count = Arguments.Count;
4003 // Now we see if we can at least find a method with the same number of arguments
4004 // and then try doing implicit conversion on the arguments
4005 if (best_match_idx == -1) {
4007 for (int i = me.Methods.Length; i > 0;) {
4009 MethodBase mb = me.Methods [i];
4010 pd = GetParameterData (mb);
4012 if (pd.Count == argument_count) {
4014 method = me.Methods [best_match_idx];
4025 // And now convert implicitly, each argument to the required type
4027 pd = GetParameterData (method);
4029 for (int j = argument_count; j > 0;) {
4031 Argument a = (Argument) Arguments [j];
4032 Expression a_expr = a.Expr;
4033 Type parameter_type = pd.ParameterType (j);
4035 if (a_expr.Type != parameter_type){
4039 conv = ConvertImplicitStandard (ec, a_expr, parameter_type,
4042 conv = ConvertImplicit (ec, a_expr, parameter_type,
4046 if (!Location.IsNull (loc)) {
4048 "The best overloaded match for method '" + FullMethodDesc (method) +
4049 "' has some invalid arguments");
4051 "Argument " + (j+1) +
4052 ": Cannot convert from '" + TypeManager.CSharpName (a_expr.Type)
4053 + "' to '" + TypeManager.CSharpName (pd.ParameterType (j)) + "'");
4058 // Update the argument with the implicit conversion
4068 public static MethodBase OverloadResolve (EmitContext ec, MethodGroupExpr me,
4069 ArrayList Arguments, Location loc)
4071 return OverloadResolve (ec, me, Arguments, loc, false);
4074 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4077 // First, resolve the expression that is used to
4078 // trigger the invocation
4080 this.expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
4081 if (this.expr == null)
4084 if (!(this.expr is MethodGroupExpr)){
4085 report118 (Location, this.expr, "method group");
4090 // Next, evaluate all the expressions in the argument list
4092 if (Arguments != null){
4093 for (int i = Arguments.Count; i > 0;){
4095 Argument a = (Argument) Arguments [i];
4097 if (!a.Resolve (ec))
4102 method = OverloadResolve (ec, (MethodGroupExpr) this.expr, Arguments,
4105 if (method == null){
4106 Error (-6, Location,
4107 "Could not find any applicable function for this argument list");
4111 if (method is MethodInfo)
4112 type = ((MethodInfo)method).ReturnType;
4114 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
4118 public static void EmitArguments (EmitContext ec, MethodBase method, ArrayList Arguments)
4122 if (Arguments != null)
4123 top = Arguments.Count;
4127 for (int i = 0; i < top; i++){
4128 Argument a = (Argument) Arguments [i];
4134 public static void EmitCall (EmitContext ec,
4135 bool is_static, Expression instance_expr,
4136 MethodBase method, ArrayList Arguments)
4138 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
4139 bool struct_call = false;
4143 // If this is ourselves, push "this"
4145 if (instance_expr == null){
4146 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
4149 // Push the instance expression
4151 if (instance_expr.Type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.value_type)){
4156 // If the expression is an LValue, then
4157 // we can optimize and use AddressOf on the
4160 // If not we have to use some temporary storage for
4162 if (instance_expr is MemoryLocation)
4163 ((MemoryLocation) instance_expr).AddressOf (ec);
4165 Type t = instance_expr.Type;
4167 instance_expr.Emit (ec);
4168 LocalBuilder temp = ec.GetTemporaryStorage (t);
4169 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, temp);
4170 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloca, temp);
4173 instance_expr.Emit (ec);
4177 if (Arguments != null)
4178 EmitArguments (ec, method, Arguments);
4180 if (is_static || struct_call){
4181 if (method is MethodInfo)
4182 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method);
4184 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
4186 if (method is MethodInfo)
4187 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, (MethodInfo) method);
4189 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, (ConstructorInfo) method);
4193 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4195 MethodGroupExpr mg = (MethodGroupExpr) this.expr;
4197 EmitCall (ec, method.IsStatic, mg.InstanceExpression, method, Arguments);
4200 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
4205 // Pop the return value if there is one
4207 if (method is MethodInfo){
4208 if (((MethodInfo)method).ReturnType != TypeManager.void_type)
4209 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
4214 public class New : ExpressionStatement {
4221 public readonly NType NewType;
4222 public readonly ArrayList Arguments;
4223 public readonly string RequestedType;
4225 // These are for the case when we have an array
4226 public readonly string Rank;
4227 public readonly ArrayList Initializers;
4230 MethodBase method = null;
4234 // If set, the new expression is for a value_target, and
4235 // we will not leave anything on the stack.
4237 Expression value_target;
4239 public New (string requested_type, ArrayList arguments, Location loc)
4241 RequestedType = requested_type;
4242 Arguments = arguments;
4243 NewType = NType.Object;
4247 public New (string requested_type, ArrayList exprs, string rank, ArrayList initializers, Location loc)
4249 RequestedType = requested_type;
4251 Initializers = initializers;
4252 NewType = NType.Array;
4255 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
4257 foreach (Expression e in exprs)
4258 Arguments.Add (new Argument (e, Argument.AType.Expression));
4262 public static string FormLookupType (string base_type, int idx_count, string rank)
4264 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder (base_type);
4269 for (int i = 1; i < idx_count; i++)
4273 return sb.ToString ();
4276 public Expression ValueTypeVariable {
4278 return value_target;
4282 value_target = value;
4286 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4288 if (NewType == NType.Object) {
4289 type = ec.TypeContainer.LookupType (RequestedType, false);
4294 if (TypeManager.IsDelegateType (type)) {
4295 Report.Error (-100, "No support for delegate instantiation yet !");
4301 ml = MemberLookup (ec, type, ".ctor", false,
4302 MemberTypes.Constructor, AllBindingsFlags, Location);
4305 is_struct = type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.value_type);
4307 if (! (ml is MethodGroupExpr)){
4309 report118 (Location, ml, "method group");
4315 if (Arguments != null){
4316 for (int i = Arguments.Count; i > 0;){
4318 Argument a = (Argument) Arguments [i];
4320 if (!a.Resolve (ec))
4325 method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (
4326 ec, (MethodGroupExpr) ml,
4327 Arguments, Location);
4329 if (method == null && !is_struct) {
4330 Error (-6, Location,
4331 "New invocation: Can not find a constructor for " +
4332 "this argument list");
4337 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
4341 if (NewType == NType.Array) {
4342 throw new Exception ("Finish array creation");
4349 // This DoEmit can be invoked in two contexts:
4350 // * As a mechanism that will leave a value on the stack (new object)
4351 // * As one that wont (init struct)
4353 // You can control whether a value is required on the stack by passing
4354 // need_value_on_stack. The code *might* leave a value on the stack
4355 // so it must be popped manually
4357 // Returns whether a value is left on the stack
4359 bool DoEmit (EmitContext ec, bool need_value_on_stack)
4361 if (method == null){
4362 MemoryLocation ml = (MemoryLocation) value_target;
4366 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, method, Arguments);
4367 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newobj, (ConstructorInfo) method);
4372 // It must be a value type, sanity check
4374 if (value_target != null){
4375 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Initobj, type);
4377 if (need_value_on_stack){
4378 value_target.Emit (ec);
4384 throw new Exception ("No method and no value type");
4387 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4392 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
4394 if (DoEmit (ec, false))
4395 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
4400 // Represents the `this' construct
4402 public class This : Expression, LValue, MemoryLocation {
4405 public This (Location loc)
4410 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4412 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
4413 type = ec.TypeContainer.TypeBuilder;
4416 Report.Error (26, loc,
4417 "Keyword this not valid in static code");
4424 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4426 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
4429 public void Store (EmitContext ec)
4431 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Starg, 0);
4434 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec)
4436 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarga_S, (byte) 0);
4439 public Expression LValueResolve (EmitContext ec)
4441 if (ec.TypeContainer is Class){
4442 Report.Error (1604, loc, "Cannot assign to `this'");
4451 // Implements the typeof operator
4453 public class TypeOf : Expression {
4454 public readonly string QueriedType;
4457 public TypeOf (string queried_type)
4459 QueriedType = queried_type;
4462 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4464 typearg = ec.TypeContainer.LookupType (QueriedType, false);
4466 if (typearg == null)
4469 type = TypeManager.type_type;
4470 eclass = ExprClass.Type;
4474 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4476 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldtoken, typearg);
4477 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, TypeManager.system_type_get_type_from_handle);
4481 public class SizeOf : Expression {
4482 public readonly string QueriedType;
4484 public SizeOf (string queried_type)
4486 this.QueriedType = queried_type;
4489 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4491 // FIXME: Implement;
4492 throw new Exception ("Unimplemented");
4496 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4498 throw new Exception ("Implement me");
4502 public class MemberAccess : Expression {
4503 public readonly string Identifier;
4505 Expression member_lookup;
4508 public MemberAccess (Expression expr, string id, Location l)
4515 public Expression Expr {
4521 void error176 (Location loc, string name)
4523 Report.Error (176, loc, "Static member `" +
4524 name + "' cannot be accessed " +
4525 "with an instance reference, qualify with a " +
4526 "type name instead");
4529 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4531 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
4536 if (expr is SimpleName){
4537 SimpleName child_expr = (SimpleName) expr;
4539 expr = new SimpleName (child_expr.Name + "." + Identifier, loc);
4541 return expr.Resolve (ec);
4544 member_lookup = MemberLookup (ec, expr.Type, Identifier, false, loc);
4549 if (member_lookup is MethodGroupExpr){
4550 MethodGroupExpr mg = (MethodGroupExpr) member_lookup;
4555 if (expr is TypeExpr){
4556 if (!mg.RemoveInstanceMethods ()){
4557 SimpleName.Error120 (loc, mg.Methods [0].Name);
4561 return member_lookup;
4565 // Instance.MethodGroup
4567 if (!mg.RemoveStaticMethods ()){
4568 error176 (loc, mg.Methods [0].Name);
4572 mg.InstanceExpression = expr;
4574 return member_lookup;
4577 if (member_lookup is FieldExpr){
4578 FieldExpr fe = (FieldExpr) member_lookup;
4580 if (expr is TypeExpr){
4581 if (!fe.FieldInfo.IsStatic){
4582 error176 (loc, fe.FieldInfo.Name);
4585 return member_lookup;
4587 if (fe.FieldInfo.IsStatic){
4588 error176 (loc, fe.FieldInfo.Name);
4591 fe.InstanceExpression = expr;
4597 if (member_lookup is PropertyExpr){
4598 PropertyExpr pe = (PropertyExpr) member_lookup;
4600 if (expr is TypeExpr){
4602 SimpleName.Error120 (loc, pe.PropertyInfo.Name);
4608 error176 (loc, pe.PropertyInfo.Name);
4611 pe.InstanceExpression = expr;
4617 Console.WriteLine ("Support for " + member_lookup + " is not present yet");
4618 Environment.Exit (0);
4622 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4624 throw new Exception ("Should not happen I think");
4630 // Fully resolved expression that evaluates to a type
4632 public class TypeExpr : Expression {
4633 public TypeExpr (Type t)
4636 eclass = ExprClass.Type;
4639 override public Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4644 override public void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4646 throw new Exception ("Implement me");
4651 // MethodGroup Expression.
4653 // This is a fully resolved expression that evaluates to a type
4655 public class MethodGroupExpr : Expression {
4656 public MethodBase [] Methods;
4657 Expression instance_expression = null;
4659 public MethodGroupExpr (MemberInfo [] mi)
4661 Methods = new MethodBase [mi.Length];
4662 mi.CopyTo (Methods, 0);
4663 eclass = ExprClass.MethodGroup;
4667 // `A method group may have associated an instance expression'
4669 public Expression InstanceExpression {
4671 return instance_expression;
4675 instance_expression = value;
4679 override public Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4684 override public void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4686 throw new Exception ("This should never be reached");
4689 bool RemoveMethods (bool keep_static)
4691 ArrayList smethods = new ArrayList ();
4692 int top = Methods.Length;
4695 for (i = 0; i < top; i++){
4696 MethodBase mb = Methods [i];
4698 if (mb.IsStatic == keep_static)
4702 if (smethods.Count == 0)
4705 Methods = new MethodBase [smethods.Count];
4706 smethods.CopyTo (Methods, 0);
4712 // Removes any instance methods from the MethodGroup, returns
4713 // false if the resulting set is empty.
4715 public bool RemoveInstanceMethods ()
4717 return RemoveMethods (true);
4721 // Removes any static methods from the MethodGroup, returns
4722 // false if the resulting set is empty.
4724 public bool RemoveStaticMethods ()
4726 return RemoveMethods (false);
4731 // Fully resolved expression that evaluates to a Field
4733 public class FieldExpr : Expression, LValue, MemoryLocation {
4734 public readonly FieldInfo FieldInfo;
4735 public Expression InstanceExpression;
4737 public FieldExpr (FieldInfo fi)
4740 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
4741 type = fi.FieldType;
4744 override public Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4746 if (!FieldInfo.IsStatic){
4747 if (InstanceExpression == null){
4748 throw new Exception ("non-static FieldExpr without instance var\n" +
4749 "You have to assign the Instance variable\n" +
4750 "Of the FieldExpr to set this\n");
4753 InstanceExpression = InstanceExpression.Resolve (ec);
4754 if (InstanceExpression == null)
4761 override public void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4763 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
4765 if (FieldInfo.IsStatic)
4766 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldsfld, FieldInfo);
4768 InstanceExpression.Emit (ec);
4770 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldfld, FieldInfo);
4774 public void Store (EmitContext ec)
4776 if (FieldInfo.IsStatic)
4777 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stsfld, FieldInfo);
4779 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stfld, FieldInfo);
4782 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec)
4784 if (FieldInfo.IsStatic)
4785 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldsflda, FieldInfo);
4787 InstanceExpression.Emit (ec);
4788 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldflda, FieldInfo);
4792 public Expression LValueResolve (EmitContext ec)
4794 if (!FieldInfo.IsInitOnly)
4798 // InitOnly fields can only be assigned in constructors
4801 if (ec.IsConstructor)
4809 // Expression that evaluates to a Property. The Assign class
4810 // might set the `Value' expression if we are in an assignment.
4812 public class PropertyExpr : ExpressionStatement {
4813 public readonly PropertyInfo PropertyInfo;
4814 public readonly bool IsStatic;
4815 MethodInfo [] Accessors;
4818 Expression instance_expr;
4821 public PropertyExpr (PropertyInfo pi, Location l)
4824 eclass = ExprClass.PropertyAccess;
4827 Accessors = TypeManager.GetAccessors (pi);
4829 if (Accessors != null)
4830 for (int i = 0; i < Accessors.Length; i++){
4831 if (Accessors [i] != null)
4832 if (Accessors [i].IsStatic)
4836 Accessors = new MethodInfo [2];
4838 type = pi.PropertyType;
4842 // Controls the Value of the PropertyExpr. If the value
4843 // is null, then the property is being used in a `read' mode.
4844 // otherwise the property is used in assignment mode.
4846 // The value is set to a fully resolved type by assign.
4848 public Expression Value {
4859 // The instance expression associated with this expression
4861 public Expression InstanceExpression {
4863 instance_expr = value;
4867 return instance_expr;
4871 public bool VerifyAssignable ()
4873 if (!PropertyInfo.CanWrite){
4874 Report.Error (200, loc,
4875 "The property `" + PropertyInfo.Name +
4876 "' can not be assigned to, as it has not set accessor");
4883 public bool VerifyReadable ()
4885 if (!PropertyInfo.CanRead){
4886 Report.Error (154, loc,
4887 "The property `" + PropertyInfo.Name +
4888 "' can not be used in " +
4889 "this context because it lacks a get accessor");
4896 override public Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4899 // Not really sure who should call perform the test below
4900 // given that `assignable' has special code for this.
4906 override public void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4909 Invocation.EmitCall (ec, IsStatic, instance_expr, Accessors [0], null);
4911 Argument arg = new Argument (value, Argument.AType.Expression);
4912 ArrayList args = new ArrayList ();
4915 Invocation.EmitCall (ec, IsStatic, instance_expr, Accessors [1], args);
4919 override public void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
4923 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
4929 // Fully resolved expression that evaluates to a Expression
4931 public class EventExpr : Expression {
4932 public readonly EventInfo EventInfo;
4935 public EventExpr (EventInfo ei, Location loc)
4939 eclass = ExprClass.EventAccess;
4942 override public Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4944 // We are born in resolved state.
4948 override public void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4950 throw new Exception ("Implement me");
4951 // FIXME: Implement.
4955 public class CheckedExpr : Expression {
4957 public Expression Expr;
4959 public CheckedExpr (Expression e)
4964 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4966 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
4971 eclass = Expr.ExprClass;
4976 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4978 bool last_check = ec.CheckState;
4980 ec.CheckState = true;
4982 ec.CheckState = last_check;
4987 public class UnCheckedExpr : Expression {
4989 public Expression Expr;
4991 public UnCheckedExpr (Expression e)
4996 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4998 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
5003 eclass = Expr.ExprClass;
5008 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5010 bool last_check = ec.CheckState;
5012 ec.CheckState = false;
5014 ec.CheckState = last_check;
5019 public class ElementAccess : Expression, LValue {
5021 public ArrayList Arguments;
5022 public Expression Expr;
5026 public ElementAccess (Expression e, ArrayList e_list, Location loc)
5030 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
5031 foreach (Expression tmp in e_list)
5032 Arguments.Add (new Argument (tmp, Argument.AType.Expression));
5037 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5039 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
5041 //Console.WriteLine (Expr.ToString ());
5046 if (Arguments == null)
5049 if (Expr.ExprClass != ExprClass.Variable) {
5050 report118 (location, Expr, "variable");
5054 if (Arguments != null){
5055 for (int i = Arguments.Count; i > 0;){
5057 Argument a = (Argument) Arguments [i];
5059 if (!a.Resolve (ec))
5062 Type a_type = a.expr.Type;
5063 if (!(StandardConversionExists (a_type, TypeManager.int32_type) ||
5064 StandardConversionExists (a_type, TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
5065 StandardConversionExists (a_type, TypeManager.int64_type) ||
5066 StandardConversionExists (a_type, TypeManager.uint64_type)))
5072 // FIXME : Implement the actual storage here.
5074 throw new Exception ("Finish element access");
5078 public void Store (EmitContext ec)
5080 throw new Exception ("Implement me !");
5083 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5085 throw new Exception ("Implement me !");
5088 public Expression LValueResolve (EmitContext ec)
5094 public class BaseAccess : Expression {
5096 public enum BaseAccessType {
5101 public readonly BaseAccessType BAType;
5102 public readonly string Member;
5103 public readonly ArrayList Arguments;
5105 public BaseAccess (BaseAccessType t, string member, ArrayList args)
5113 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5115 // FIXME: Implement;
5116 throw new Exception ("Unimplemented");
5120 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5122 throw new Exception ("Unimplemented");
5127 // This class exists solely to pass the Type around and to be a dummy
5128 // that can be passed to the conversion functions (this is used by
5129 // foreach implementation to typecast the object return value from
5130 // get_Current into the proper type. All code has been generated and
5131 // we only care about the side effect conversions to be performed
5134 public class EmptyExpression : Expression {
5135 public EmptyExpression ()
5137 type = TypeManager.object_type;
5138 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
5141 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5146 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5148 // nothing, as we only exist to not do anything.
5152 public class UserCast : Expression {
5156 public UserCast (MethodInfo method, Expression source)
5158 this.method = method;
5159 this.source = source;
5160 type = method.ReturnType;
5161 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
5164 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5167 // We are born fully resolved
5172 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5174 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
5178 if (method is MethodInfo)
5179 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method);
5181 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
projects / mono.git / blob