2 // expression.cs: Expression representation for the IL tree.
5 // Miguel de Icaza (miguel@ximian.com)
7 // (C) 2001, 2002, 2003 Ximian, Inc.
8 // (C) 2003, 2004 Novell, Inc.
12 namespace Mono.CSharp {
14 using System.Collections;
15 using System.Reflection;
16 using System.Reflection.Emit;
20 /// This is just a helper class, it is generated by Unary, UnaryMutator
21 /// when an overloaded method has been found. It just emits the code for a
24 public class StaticCallExpr : ExpressionStatement {
28 public StaticCallExpr (MethodInfo m, ArrayList a, Location l)
34 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
38 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
41 // We are born fully resolved
46 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
49 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, mi, args);
51 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, mi);
55 static public Expression MakeSimpleCall (EmitContext ec, MethodGroupExpr mg,
56 Expression e, Location loc)
61 args = new ArrayList (1);
62 Argument a = new Argument (e, Argument.AType.Expression);
64 // We need to resolve the arguments before sending them in !
65 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
69 method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (ec, (MethodGroupExpr) mg, args, loc);
74 return new StaticCallExpr ((MethodInfo) method, args, loc);
77 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
80 if (TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (type) != TypeManager.void_type)
81 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
85 public class ParenthesizedExpression : Expression
87 public Expression Expr;
89 public ParenthesizedExpression (Expression expr, Location loc)
95 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
97 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
101 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
103 throw new Exception ("Should not happen");
108 /// Unary expressions.
112 /// Unary implements unary expressions. It derives from
113 /// ExpressionStatement becuase the pre/post increment/decrement
114 /// operators can be used in a statement context.
116 public class Unary : Expression {
117 public enum Operator : byte {
118 UnaryPlus, UnaryNegation, LogicalNot, OnesComplement,
119 Indirection, AddressOf, TOP
122 public Operator Oper;
123 public Expression Expr;
125 public Unary (Operator op, Expression expr, Location loc)
133 /// Returns a stringified representation of the Operator
135 static public string OperName (Operator oper)
138 case Operator.UnaryPlus:
140 case Operator.UnaryNegation:
142 case Operator.LogicalNot:
144 case Operator.OnesComplement:
146 case Operator.AddressOf:
148 case Operator.Indirection:
152 return oper.ToString ();
155 public static readonly string [] oper_names;
159 oper_names = new string [(int)Operator.TOP];
161 oper_names [(int) Operator.UnaryPlus] = "op_UnaryPlus";
162 oper_names [(int) Operator.UnaryNegation] = "op_UnaryNegation";
163 oper_names [(int) Operator.LogicalNot] = "op_LogicalNot";
164 oper_names [(int) Operator.OnesComplement] = "op_OnesComplement";
165 oper_names [(int) Operator.Indirection] = "op_Indirection";
166 oper_names [(int) Operator.AddressOf] = "op_AddressOf";
169 void Error23 (Type t)
172 23, "Operator " + OperName (Oper) +
173 " cannot be applied to operand of type `" +
174 TypeManager.CSharpName (t) + "'");
178 /// The result has been already resolved:
180 /// FIXME: a minus constant -128 sbyte cant be turned into a
183 static Expression TryReduceNegative (Constant expr)
187 if (expr is IntConstant)
188 e = new IntConstant (-((IntConstant) expr).Value);
189 else if (expr is UIntConstant){
190 uint value = ((UIntConstant) expr).Value;
192 if (value < 2147483649)
193 return new IntConstant (-(int)value);
195 e = new LongConstant (-value);
197 else if (expr is LongConstant)
198 e = new LongConstant (-((LongConstant) expr).Value);
199 else if (expr is ULongConstant){
200 ulong value = ((ULongConstant) expr).Value;
202 if (value < 9223372036854775809)
203 return new LongConstant(-(long)value);
205 else if (expr is FloatConstant)
206 e = new FloatConstant (-((FloatConstant) expr).Value);
207 else if (expr is DoubleConstant)
208 e = new DoubleConstant (-((DoubleConstant) expr).Value);
209 else if (expr is DecimalConstant)
210 e = new DecimalConstant (-((DecimalConstant) expr).Value);
211 else if (expr is ShortConstant)
212 e = new IntConstant (-((ShortConstant) expr).Value);
213 else if (expr is UShortConstant)
214 e = new IntConstant (-((UShortConstant) expr).Value);
219 // This routine will attempt to simplify the unary expression when the
220 // argument is a constant. The result is returned in `result' and the
221 // function returns true or false depending on whether a reduction
222 // was performed or not
224 bool Reduce (EmitContext ec, Constant e, out Expression result)
226 Type expr_type = e.Type;
229 case Operator.UnaryPlus:
233 case Operator.UnaryNegation:
234 result = TryReduceNegative (e);
237 case Operator.LogicalNot:
238 if (expr_type != TypeManager.bool_type) {
244 BoolConstant b = (BoolConstant) e;
245 result = new BoolConstant (!(b.Value));
248 case Operator.OnesComplement:
249 if (!((expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
250 (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
251 (expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
252 (expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
253 (expr_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type)))){
256 if (Convert.ImplicitConversionExists (ec, e, TypeManager.int32_type)){
257 result = new Cast (new TypeExpression (TypeManager.int32_type, loc), e, loc);
258 result = result.Resolve (ec);
259 } else if (Convert.ImplicitConversionExists (ec, e, TypeManager.uint32_type)){
260 result = new Cast (new TypeExpression (TypeManager.uint32_type, loc), e, loc);
261 result = result.Resolve (ec);
262 } else if (Convert.ImplicitConversionExists (ec, e, TypeManager.int64_type)){
263 result = new Cast (new TypeExpression (TypeManager.int64_type, loc), e, loc);
264 result = result.Resolve (ec);
265 } else if (Convert.ImplicitConversionExists (ec, e, TypeManager.uint64_type)){
266 result = new Cast (new TypeExpression (TypeManager.uint64_type, loc), e, loc);
267 result = result.Resolve (ec);
270 if (result == null || !(result is Constant)){
276 expr_type = result.Type;
277 e = (Constant) result;
280 if (e is EnumConstant){
281 EnumConstant enum_constant = (EnumConstant) e;
284 if (Reduce (ec, enum_constant.Child, out reduced)){
285 result = new EnumConstant ((Constant) reduced, enum_constant.Type);
293 if (expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type){
294 result = new IntConstant (~ ((IntConstant) e).Value);
295 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type){
296 result = new UIntConstant (~ ((UIntConstant) e).Value);
297 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type){
298 result = new LongConstant (~ ((LongConstant) e).Value);
299 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
300 result = new ULongConstant (~ ((ULongConstant) e).Value);
308 case Operator.AddressOf:
312 case Operator.Indirection:
316 throw new Exception ("Can not constant fold: " + Oper.ToString());
319 Expression ResolveOperator (EmitContext ec)
321 Type expr_type = Expr.Type;
324 // Step 1: Perform Operator Overload location
329 op_name = oper_names [(int) Oper];
331 mg = MemberLookup (ec, expr_type, op_name, MemberTypes.Method, AllBindingFlags, loc);
334 Expression e = StaticCallExpr.MakeSimpleCall (
335 ec, (MethodGroupExpr) mg, Expr, loc);
345 // Only perform numeric promotions on:
348 if (expr_type == null)
352 // Step 2: Default operations on CLI native types.
355 // Attempt to use a constant folding operation.
356 if (Expr is Constant){
359 if (Reduce (ec, (Constant) Expr, out result))
364 case Operator.LogicalNot:
365 if (expr_type != TypeManager.bool_type) {
366 Expr = ResolveBoolean (ec, Expr, loc);
373 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
376 case Operator.OnesComplement:
377 if (!((expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
378 (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
379 (expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
380 (expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
381 (expr_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type)))){
384 e = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, Expr, TypeManager.int32_type, loc);
386 type = TypeManager.int32_type;
389 e = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, Expr, TypeManager.uint32_type, loc);
391 type = TypeManager.uint32_type;
394 e = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, Expr, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
396 type = TypeManager.int64_type;
399 e = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, Expr, TypeManager.uint64_type, loc);
401 type = TypeManager.uint64_type;
410 case Operator.AddressOf:
411 if (Expr.eclass != ExprClass.Variable){
412 Error (211, "Cannot take the address of non-variables");
421 if (!TypeManager.VerifyUnManaged (Expr.Type, loc)){
425 IVariable variable = Expr as IVariable;
426 if (!ec.InFixedInitializer && ((variable == null) || !variable.VerifyFixed (false))) {
427 Error (212, "You can only take the address of an unfixed expression inside " +
428 "of a fixed statement initializer");
432 if (ec.InFixedInitializer && ((variable != null) && variable.VerifyFixed (false))) {
433 Error (213, "You can not fix an already fixed expression");
437 // According to the specs, a variable is considered definitely assigned if you take
439 if ((variable != null) && (variable.VariableInfo != null))
440 variable.VariableInfo.SetAssigned (ec);
442 type = TypeManager.GetPointerType (Expr.Type);
445 case Operator.Indirection:
451 if (!expr_type.IsPointer){
452 Error (193, "The * or -> operator can only be applied to pointers");
457 // We create an Indirection expression, because
458 // it can implement the IMemoryLocation.
460 return new Indirection (Expr, loc);
462 case Operator.UnaryPlus:
464 // A plus in front of something is just a no-op, so return the child.
468 case Operator.UnaryNegation:
470 // Deals with -literals
471 // int operator- (int x)
472 // long operator- (long x)
473 // float operator- (float f)
474 // double operator- (double d)
475 // decimal operator- (decimal d)
477 Expression expr = null;
480 // transform - - expr into expr
483 Unary unary = (Unary) Expr;
485 if (unary.Oper == Operator.UnaryNegation)
490 // perform numeric promotions to int,
494 // The following is inneficient, because we call
495 // ImplicitConversion too many times.
497 // It is also not clear if we should convert to Float
498 // or Double initially.
500 if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type){
502 // FIXME: handle exception to this rule that
503 // permits the int value -2147483648 (-2^31) to
504 // bt wrote as a decimal interger literal
506 type = TypeManager.int64_type;
507 Expr = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, Expr, type, loc);
511 if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
513 // FIXME: Handle exception of `long value'
514 // -92233720368547758087 (-2^63) to be wrote as
515 // decimal integer literal.
521 if (expr_type == TypeManager.float_type){
526 expr = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, Expr, TypeManager.int32_type, loc);
533 expr = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, Expr, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
540 expr = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, Expr, TypeManager.double_type, loc);
551 Error (187, "No such operator '" + OperName (Oper) + "' defined for type '" +
552 TypeManager.CSharpName (expr_type) + "'");
556 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
558 if (Oper == Operator.AddressOf)
559 Expr = Expr.ResolveLValue (ec, new EmptyExpression ());
561 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
566 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
567 return ResolveOperator (ec);
570 public override Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right)
572 if (Oper == Operator.Indirection)
573 return base.DoResolveLValue (ec, right);
575 Error (131, "The left-hand side of an assignment must be a " +
576 "variable, property or indexer");
580 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
582 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
585 case Operator.UnaryPlus:
586 throw new Exception ("This should be caught by Resolve");
588 case Operator.UnaryNegation:
590 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
591 if (type == TypeManager.int64_type)
592 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_U8);
594 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub_Ovf);
597 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Neg);
602 case Operator.LogicalNot:
604 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
605 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ceq);
608 case Operator.OnesComplement:
610 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Not);
613 case Operator.AddressOf:
614 ((IMemoryLocation)Expr).AddressOf (ec, AddressOp.LoadStore);
618 throw new Exception ("This should not happen: Operator = "
623 public override void EmitBranchable (EmitContext ec, Label target, bool onTrue)
625 if (Oper == Operator.LogicalNot)
626 Expr.EmitBranchable (ec, target, !onTrue);
628 base.EmitBranchable (ec, target, onTrue);
631 public override string ToString ()
633 return "Unary (" + Oper + ", " + Expr + ")";
639 // Unary operators are turned into Indirection expressions
640 // after semantic analysis (this is so we can take the address
641 // of an indirection).
643 public class Indirection : Expression, IMemoryLocation, IAssignMethod {
645 LocalTemporary temporary;
648 public Indirection (Expression expr, Location l)
651 this.type = TypeManager.GetElementType (expr.Type);
652 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
656 void LoadExprValue (EmitContext ec)
660 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
662 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
664 if (temporary != null){
665 if (have_temporary) {
669 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
670 temporary.Store (ec);
671 have_temporary = true;
676 LoadFromPtr (ig, Type);
679 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
681 if (temporary != null){
686 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
687 temporary.Store (ec);
688 have_temporary = true;
694 StoreFromPtr (ec.ig, type);
697 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp Mode)
699 if (temporary != null){
705 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
706 temporary.Store (ec);
707 have_temporary = true;
712 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
715 // Born fully resolved
720 public new void CacheTemporaries (EmitContext ec)
722 temporary = new LocalTemporary (ec, expr.Type);
725 public override string ToString ()
727 return "*(" + expr + ")";
732 /// Unary Mutator expressions (pre and post ++ and --)
736 /// UnaryMutator implements ++ and -- expressions. It derives from
737 /// ExpressionStatement becuase the pre/post increment/decrement
738 /// operators can be used in a statement context.
740 /// FIXME: Idea, we could split this up in two classes, one simpler
741 /// for the common case, and one with the extra fields for more complex
742 /// classes (indexers require temporary access; overloaded require method)
745 public class UnaryMutator : ExpressionStatement {
747 public enum Mode : byte {
754 PreDecrement = IsDecrement,
755 PostIncrement = IsPost,
756 PostDecrement = IsPost | IsDecrement
761 LocalTemporary temp_storage;
764 // This is expensive for the simplest case.
768 public UnaryMutator (Mode m, Expression e, Location l)
775 static string OperName (Mode mode)
777 return (mode == Mode.PreIncrement || mode == Mode.PostIncrement) ?
781 void Error23 (Type t)
784 23, "Operator " + OperName (mode) +
785 " cannot be applied to operand of type `" +
786 TypeManager.CSharpName (t) + "'");
790 /// Returns whether an object of type `t' can be incremented
791 /// or decremented with add/sub (ie, basically whether we can
792 /// use pre-post incr-decr operations on it, but it is not a
793 /// System.Decimal, which we require operator overloading to catch)
795 static bool IsIncrementableNumber (Type t)
797 return (t == TypeManager.sbyte_type) ||
798 (t == TypeManager.byte_type) ||
799 (t == TypeManager.short_type) ||
800 (t == TypeManager.ushort_type) ||
801 (t == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
802 (t == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
803 (t == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
804 (t == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
805 (t == TypeManager.char_type) ||
806 (t.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type)) ||
807 (t == TypeManager.float_type) ||
808 (t == TypeManager.double_type) ||
809 (t.IsPointer && t != TypeManager.void_ptr_type);
812 Expression ResolveOperator (EmitContext ec)
814 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
817 // Step 1: Perform Operator Overload location
822 if (mode == Mode.PreIncrement || mode == Mode.PostIncrement)
823 op_name = "op_Increment";
825 op_name = "op_Decrement";
827 mg = MemberLookup (ec, expr_type, op_name, MemberTypes.Method, AllBindingFlags, loc);
829 if (mg == null && expr_type.BaseType != null)
830 mg = MemberLookup (ec, expr_type.BaseType, op_name,
831 MemberTypes.Method, AllBindingFlags, loc);
834 method = StaticCallExpr.MakeSimpleCall (
835 ec, (MethodGroupExpr) mg, expr, loc);
842 // The operand of the prefix/postfix increment decrement operators
843 // should be an expression that is classified as a variable,
844 // a property access or an indexer access
847 if (expr.eclass == ExprClass.Variable){
848 LocalVariableReference var = expr as LocalVariableReference;
849 if ((var != null) && var.IsReadOnly)
850 Error (1604, "cannot assign to `" + var.Name + "' because it is readonly");
851 if (IsIncrementableNumber (expr_type) ||
852 expr_type == TypeManager.decimal_type){
855 } else if (expr.eclass == ExprClass.IndexerAccess){
856 IndexerAccess ia = (IndexerAccess) expr;
858 temp_storage = new LocalTemporary (ec, expr.Type);
860 expr = ia.ResolveLValue (ec, temp_storage);
865 } else if (expr.eclass == ExprClass.PropertyAccess){
866 PropertyExpr pe = (PropertyExpr) expr;
868 if (pe.VerifyAssignable ())
873 expr.Error_UnexpectedKind ("variable, indexer or property access");
877 Error (187, "No such operator '" + OperName (mode) + "' defined for type '" +
878 TypeManager.CSharpName (expr_type) + "'");
882 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
884 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
889 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
890 return ResolveOperator (ec);
893 static int PtrTypeSize (Type t)
895 return GetTypeSize (TypeManager.GetElementType (t));
899 // Loads the proper "1" into the stack based on the type, then it emits the
900 // opcode for the operation requested
902 void LoadOneAndEmitOp (EmitContext ec, Type t)
905 // Measure if getting the typecode and using that is more/less efficient
906 // that comparing types. t.GetTypeCode() is an internal call.
908 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
910 if (t == TypeManager.uint64_type || t == TypeManager.int64_type)
911 LongConstant.EmitLong (ig, 1);
912 else if (t == TypeManager.double_type)
913 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_R8, 1.0);
914 else if (t == TypeManager.float_type)
915 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_R4, 1.0F);
916 else if (t.IsPointer){
917 int n = PtrTypeSize (t);
920 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sizeof, t);
922 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, n);
924 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
927 // Now emit the operation
930 if (t == TypeManager.int32_type ||
931 t == TypeManager.int64_type){
932 if ((mode & Mode.IsDecrement) != 0)
933 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub_Ovf);
935 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add_Ovf);
936 } else if (t == TypeManager.uint32_type ||
937 t == TypeManager.uint64_type){
938 if ((mode & Mode.IsDecrement) != 0)
939 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub_Ovf_Un);
941 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add_Ovf_Un);
943 if ((mode & Mode.IsDecrement) != 0)
944 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub_Ovf);
946 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add_Ovf);
949 if ((mode & Mode.IsDecrement) != 0)
950 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub);
952 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
955 if (t == TypeManager.sbyte_type){
957 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I1);
959 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I1);
960 } else if (t == TypeManager.byte_type){
962 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_U1);
964 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_U1);
965 } else if (t == TypeManager.short_type){
967 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I2);
969 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I2);
970 } else if (t == TypeManager.ushort_type || t == TypeManager.char_type){
972 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_U2);
974 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_U2);
979 static EmptyExpression empty_expr;
981 void EmitCode (EmitContext ec, bool is_expr)
983 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
984 IAssignMethod ia = (IAssignMethod) expr;
985 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
987 ia.CacheTemporaries (ec);
990 // NOTE: We should probably handle three cases:
992 // * method invocation required.
993 // * direct stack manipulation possible
994 // * the object requires an "instance" field
996 if (temp_storage == null){
998 // Temporary improvement: if we are dealing with something that does
999 // not require complicated instance setup, avoid using a temporary
1001 // For now: only localvariables when not remapped
1004 if (method == null &&
1005 ((expr is LocalVariableReference) ||(expr is FieldExpr && ((FieldExpr) expr).FieldInfo.IsStatic))){
1006 if (empty_expr == null)
1007 empty_expr = new EmptyExpression ();
1010 case Mode.PreIncrement:
1011 case Mode.PreDecrement:
1014 LoadOneAndEmitOp (ec, expr_type);
1016 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
1017 ia.EmitAssign (ec, empty_expr);
1020 case Mode.PostIncrement:
1021 case Mode.PostDecrement:
1024 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
1026 LoadOneAndEmitOp (ec, expr_type);
1027 ia.EmitAssign (ec, empty_expr);
1032 temp_storage = new LocalTemporary (ec, expr_type);
1036 case Mode.PreIncrement:
1037 case Mode.PreDecrement:
1038 if (method == null){
1041 LoadOneAndEmitOp (ec, expr_type);
1045 temp_storage.Store (ec);
1046 ia.EmitAssign (ec, temp_storage);
1048 temp_storage.Emit (ec);
1051 case Mode.PostIncrement:
1052 case Mode.PostDecrement:
1056 if (method == null){
1060 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
1062 LoadOneAndEmitOp (ec, expr_type);
1067 temp_storage.Store (ec);
1068 ia.EmitAssign (ec, temp_storage);
1072 temp_storage.Release (ec);
1075 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1077 EmitCode (ec, true);
1081 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
1083 EmitCode (ec, false);
1089 /// Base class for the `Is' and `As' classes.
1093 /// FIXME: Split this in two, and we get to save the `Operator' Oper
1096 public abstract class Probe : Expression {
1097 public readonly Expression ProbeType;
1098 protected Expression expr;
1099 protected Type probe_type;
1101 public Probe (Expression expr, Expression probe_type, Location l)
1103 ProbeType = probe_type;
1108 public Expression Expr {
1114 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
1116 probe_type = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (ProbeType, false, loc);
1118 if (probe_type == null)
1121 CheckObsoleteAttribute (probe_type);
1123 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
1132 /// Implementation of the `is' operator.
1134 public class Is : Probe {
1135 public Is (Expression expr, Expression probe_type, Location l)
1136 : base (expr, probe_type, l)
1141 AlwaysTrue, AlwaysNull, AlwaysFalse, LeaveOnStack, Probe
1146 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1148 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
1153 case Action.AlwaysFalse:
1154 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
1155 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, 0);
1157 case Action.AlwaysTrue:
1158 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
1159 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, 1);
1161 case Action.LeaveOnStack:
1162 // the `e != null' rule.
1163 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldnull);
1164 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ceq);
1165 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
1166 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ceq);
1169 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Isinst, probe_type);
1170 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldnull);
1171 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Cgt_Un);
1174 throw new Exception ("never reached");
1177 public override void EmitBranchable (EmitContext ec, Label target, bool onTrue)
1179 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
1182 case Action.AlwaysFalse:
1184 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, target);
1187 case Action.AlwaysTrue:
1189 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, target);
1192 case Action.LeaveOnStack:
1193 // the `e != null' rule.
1195 ig.Emit (onTrue ? OpCodes.Brtrue : OpCodes.Brfalse, target);
1199 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Isinst, probe_type);
1200 ig.Emit (onTrue ? OpCodes.Brtrue : OpCodes.Brfalse, target);
1203 throw new Exception ("never reached");
1206 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
1208 Expression e = base.DoResolve (ec);
1210 if ((e == null) || (expr == null))
1213 Type etype = expr.Type;
1214 bool warning_always_matches = false;
1215 bool warning_never_matches = false;
1217 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
1218 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
1221 // First case, if at compile time, there is an implicit conversion
1222 // then e != null (objects) or true (value types)
1224 e = Convert.ImplicitConversionStandard (ec, expr, probe_type, loc);
1227 if (etype.IsValueType)
1228 action = Action.AlwaysTrue;
1230 action = Action.LeaveOnStack;
1232 warning_always_matches = true;
1233 } else if (Convert.ExplicitReferenceConversionExists (etype, probe_type)){
1235 // Second case: explicit reference convresion
1237 if (expr is NullLiteral)
1238 action = Action.AlwaysFalse;
1240 action = Action.Probe;
1242 action = Action.AlwaysFalse;
1243 warning_never_matches = true;
1246 if (RootContext.WarningLevel >= 1){
1247 if (warning_always_matches)
1248 Warning (183, "The expression is always of type `" +
1249 TypeManager.CSharpName (probe_type) + "'");
1250 else if (warning_never_matches){
1251 if (!(probe_type.IsInterface || expr.Type.IsInterface))
1253 "The expression is never of type `" +
1254 TypeManager.CSharpName (probe_type) + "'");
1263 /// Implementation of the `as' operator.
1265 public class As : Probe {
1266 public As (Expression expr, Expression probe_type, Location l)
1267 : base (expr, probe_type, l)
1271 bool do_isinst = false;
1273 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1275 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
1280 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Isinst, probe_type);
1283 static void Error_CannotConvertType (Type source, Type target, Location loc)
1286 39, loc, "as operator can not convert from `" +
1287 TypeManager.CSharpName (source) + "' to `" +
1288 TypeManager.CSharpName (target) + "'");
1291 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
1293 Expression e = base.DoResolve (ec);
1299 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
1300 Type etype = expr.Type;
1302 if (TypeManager.IsValueType (probe_type)){
1303 Report.Error (77, loc, "The as operator should be used with a reference type only (" +
1304 TypeManager.CSharpName (probe_type) + " is a value type)");
1309 e = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, expr, probe_type, loc);
1316 if (Convert.ExplicitReferenceConversionExists (etype, probe_type)){
1321 Error_CannotConvertType (etype, probe_type, loc);
1327 /// This represents a typecast in the source language.
1329 /// FIXME: Cast expressions have an unusual set of parsing
1330 /// rules, we need to figure those out.
1332 public class Cast : Expression {
1333 Expression target_type;
1336 public Cast (Expression cast_type, Expression expr, Location loc)
1338 this.target_type = cast_type;
1343 public Expression TargetType {
1349 public Expression Expr {
1358 bool CheckRange (EmitContext ec, long value, Type type, long min, long max)
1360 if (!ec.ConstantCheckState)
1363 if ((value < min) || (value > max)) {
1364 Error (221, "Constant value `" + value + "' cannot be converted " +
1365 "to a `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (type) + "' (use `unchecked' " +
1366 "syntax to override)");
1373 bool CheckRange (EmitContext ec, ulong value, Type type, ulong max)
1375 if (!ec.ConstantCheckState)
1379 Error (221, "Constant value `" + value + "' cannot be converted " +
1380 "to a `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (type) + "' (use `unchecked' " +
1381 "syntax to override)");
1388 bool CheckUnsigned (EmitContext ec, long value, Type type)
1390 if (!ec.ConstantCheckState)
1394 Error (221, "Constant value `" + value + "' cannot be converted " +
1395 "to a `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (type) + "' (use `unchecked' " +
1396 "syntax to override)");
1404 /// Attempts to do a compile-time folding of a constant cast.
1406 Expression TryReduce (EmitContext ec, Type target_type)
1408 Expression real_expr = expr;
1409 if (real_expr is EnumConstant)
1410 real_expr = ((EnumConstant) real_expr).Child;
1412 if (real_expr is ByteConstant){
1413 byte v = ((ByteConstant) real_expr).Value;
1415 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type) {
1416 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, SByte.MinValue, SByte.MaxValue))
1418 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1420 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1421 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1422 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1423 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1424 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1425 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1426 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1427 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1428 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1429 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1430 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1431 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1432 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1433 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1434 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1435 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1436 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1437 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1438 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1439 return new DecimalConstant ((decimal) v);
1441 if (real_expr is SByteConstant){
1442 sbyte v = ((SByteConstant) real_expr).Value;
1444 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type) {
1445 if (!CheckUnsigned (ec, v, target_type))
1447 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1449 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1450 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1451 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type) {
1452 if (!CheckUnsigned (ec, v, target_type))
1454 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1455 } if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1456 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1457 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) {
1458 if (!CheckUnsigned (ec, v, target_type))
1460 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1461 } if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1462 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1463 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) {
1464 if (!CheckUnsigned (ec, v, target_type))
1466 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1468 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1469 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1470 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1471 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1472 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type) {
1473 if (!CheckUnsigned (ec, v, target_type))
1475 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1477 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1478 return new DecimalConstant ((decimal) v);
1480 if (real_expr is ShortConstant){
1481 short v = ((ShortConstant) real_expr).Value;
1483 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type) {
1484 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Byte.MinValue, Byte.MaxValue))
1486 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1488 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type) {
1489 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, SByte.MinValue, SByte.MaxValue))
1491 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1493 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type) {
1494 if (!CheckUnsigned (ec, v, target_type))
1496 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1498 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1499 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1500 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) {
1501 if (!CheckUnsigned (ec, v, target_type))
1503 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1505 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1506 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1507 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) {
1508 if (!CheckUnsigned (ec, v, target_type))
1510 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1512 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1513 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1514 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1515 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1516 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type) {
1517 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Char.MinValue, Char.MaxValue))
1519 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1521 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1522 return new DecimalConstant ((decimal) v);
1524 if (real_expr is UShortConstant){
1525 ushort v = ((UShortConstant) real_expr).Value;
1527 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type) {
1528 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Byte.MinValue, Byte.MaxValue))
1530 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1532 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type) {
1533 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, SByte.MinValue, SByte.MaxValue))
1535 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1537 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type) {
1538 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Int16.MinValue, Int16.MaxValue))
1540 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1542 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1543 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1544 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1545 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1546 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1547 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1548 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1549 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1550 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1551 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1552 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1553 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1554 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type) {
1555 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Char.MinValue, Char.MaxValue))
1557 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1559 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1560 return new DecimalConstant ((decimal) v);
1562 if (real_expr is IntConstant){
1563 int v = ((IntConstant) real_expr).Value;
1565 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type) {
1566 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Byte.MinValue, Byte.MaxValue))
1568 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1570 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type) {
1571 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, SByte.MinValue, SByte.MaxValue))
1573 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1575 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type) {
1576 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Int16.MinValue, Int16.MaxValue))
1578 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1580 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type) {
1581 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MaxValue))
1583 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1585 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) {
1586 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Int32.MinValue, Int32.MaxValue))
1588 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1590 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1591 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1592 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) {
1593 if (!CheckUnsigned (ec, v, target_type))
1595 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1597 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1598 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1599 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1600 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1601 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type) {
1602 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Char.MinValue, Char.MaxValue))
1604 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1606 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1607 return new DecimalConstant ((decimal) v);
1609 if (real_expr is UIntConstant){
1610 uint v = ((UIntConstant) real_expr).Value;
1612 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type) {
1613 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Char.MinValue, Char.MaxValue))
1615 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1617 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type) {
1618 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, SByte.MinValue, SByte.MaxValue))
1620 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1622 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type) {
1623 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Int16.MinValue, Int16.MaxValue))
1625 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1627 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type) {
1628 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MaxValue))
1630 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1632 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type) {
1633 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Int32.MinValue, Int32.MaxValue))
1635 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1637 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1638 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1639 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1640 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1641 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1642 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1643 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1644 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1645 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type) {
1646 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Char.MinValue, Char.MaxValue))
1648 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1650 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1651 return new DecimalConstant ((decimal) v);
1653 if (real_expr is LongConstant){
1654 long v = ((LongConstant) real_expr).Value;
1656 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type) {
1657 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Byte.MinValue, Byte.MaxValue))
1659 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1661 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type) {
1662 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, SByte.MinValue, SByte.MaxValue))
1664 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1666 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type) {
1667 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Int16.MinValue, Int16.MaxValue))
1669 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1671 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type) {
1672 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, UInt16.MinValue, UInt16.MaxValue))
1674 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1676 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type) {
1677 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Int32.MinValue, Int32.MaxValue))
1679 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1681 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) {
1682 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, UInt32.MinValue, UInt32.MaxValue))
1684 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1686 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) {
1687 if (!CheckUnsigned (ec, v, target_type))
1689 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1691 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1692 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1693 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1694 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1695 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type) {
1696 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Char.MinValue, Char.MaxValue))
1698 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1700 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1701 return new DecimalConstant ((decimal) v);
1703 if (real_expr is ULongConstant){
1704 ulong v = ((ULongConstant) real_expr).Value;
1706 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type) {
1707 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Byte.MaxValue))
1709 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1711 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type) {
1712 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, (ulong) SByte.MaxValue))
1714 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1716 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type) {
1717 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, (ulong) Int16.MaxValue))
1719 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1721 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type) {
1722 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, UInt16.MaxValue))
1724 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1726 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type) {
1727 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Int32.MaxValue))
1729 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1731 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) {
1732 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, UInt32.MaxValue))
1734 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1736 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type) {
1737 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, (ulong) Int64.MaxValue))
1739 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1741 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1742 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1743 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1744 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1745 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type) {
1746 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Char.MaxValue))
1748 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1750 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1751 return new DecimalConstant ((decimal) v);
1753 if (real_expr is FloatConstant){
1754 float v = ((FloatConstant) real_expr).Value;
1756 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1757 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1758 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1759 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1760 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1761 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1762 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1763 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1764 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1765 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1766 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1767 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1768 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1769 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1770 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1771 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1772 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1773 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1774 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1775 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1776 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1777 return new DecimalConstant ((decimal) v);
1779 if (real_expr is DoubleConstant){
1780 double v = ((DoubleConstant) real_expr).Value;
1782 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type){
1783 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1784 } if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1785 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1786 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1787 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1788 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1789 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1790 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1791 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1792 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1793 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1794 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1795 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1796 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1797 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1798 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1799 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1800 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1801 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1802 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1803 return new DecimalConstant ((decimal) v);
1806 if (real_expr is CharConstant){
1807 char v = ((CharConstant) real_expr).Value;
1809 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type) {
1810 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Byte.MinValue, Byte.MaxValue))
1812 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1814 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type) {
1815 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, SByte.MinValue, SByte.MaxValue))
1817 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1819 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type) {
1820 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Int16.MinValue, Int16.MaxValue))
1822 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1824 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1825 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1826 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1827 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1828 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1829 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1830 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1831 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1832 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1833 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1834 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1835 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1836 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type) {
1837 if (!CheckRange (ec, v, target_type, Char.MinValue, Char.MaxValue))
1839 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1841 if (target_type == TypeManager.decimal_type)
1842 return new DecimalConstant ((decimal) v);
1848 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
1850 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
1854 type = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (target_type, false, Location);
1859 CheckObsoleteAttribute (type);
1861 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
1863 if (expr is Constant){
1864 Expression e = TryReduce (ec, type);
1870 if (type.IsPointer && !ec.InUnsafe) {
1874 expr = Convert.ExplicitConversion (ec, expr, type, loc);
1878 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1881 // This one will never happen
1883 throw new Exception ("Should not happen");
1888 /// Binary operators
1890 public class Binary : Expression {
1891 public enum Operator : byte {
1892 Multiply, Division, Modulus,
1893 Addition, Subtraction,
1894 LeftShift, RightShift,
1895 LessThan, GreaterThan, LessThanOrEqual, GreaterThanOrEqual,
1896 Equality, Inequality,
1906 Expression left, right;
1908 // This must be kept in sync with Operator!!!
1909 public static readonly string [] oper_names;
1913 oper_names = new string [(int) Operator.TOP];
1915 oper_names [(int) Operator.Multiply] = "op_Multiply";
1916 oper_names [(int) Operator.Division] = "op_Division";
1917 oper_names [(int) Operator.Modulus] = "op_Modulus";
1918 oper_names [(int) Operator.Addition] = "op_Addition";
1919 oper_names [(int) Operator.Subtraction] = "op_Subtraction";
1920 oper_names [(int) Operator.LeftShift] = "op_LeftShift";
1921 oper_names [(int) Operator.RightShift] = "op_RightShift";
1922 oper_names [(int) Operator.LessThan] = "op_LessThan";
1923 oper_names [(int) Operator.GreaterThan] = "op_GreaterThan";
1924 oper_names [(int) Operator.LessThanOrEqual] = "op_LessThanOrEqual";
1925 oper_names [(int) Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual] = "op_GreaterThanOrEqual";
1926 oper_names [(int) Operator.Equality] = "op_Equality";
1927 oper_names [(int) Operator.Inequality] = "op_Inequality";
1928 oper_names [(int) Operator.BitwiseAnd] = "op_BitwiseAnd";
1929 oper_names [(int) Operator.BitwiseOr] = "op_BitwiseOr";
1930 oper_names [(int) Operator.ExclusiveOr] = "op_ExclusiveOr";
1931 oper_names [(int) Operator.LogicalOr] = "op_LogicalOr";
1932 oper_names [(int) Operator.LogicalAnd] = "op_LogicalAnd";
1935 public Binary (Operator oper, Expression left, Expression right, Location loc)
1943 public Operator Oper {
1952 public Expression Left {
1961 public Expression Right {
1972 /// Returns a stringified representation of the Operator
1974 static string OperName (Operator oper)
1977 case Operator.Multiply:
1979 case Operator.Division:
1981 case Operator.Modulus:
1983 case Operator.Addition:
1985 case Operator.Subtraction:
1987 case Operator.LeftShift:
1989 case Operator.RightShift:
1991 case Operator.LessThan:
1993 case Operator.GreaterThan:
1995 case Operator.LessThanOrEqual:
1997 case Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual:
1999 case Operator.Equality:
2001 case Operator.Inequality:
2003 case Operator.BitwiseAnd:
2005 case Operator.BitwiseOr:
2007 case Operator.ExclusiveOr:
2009 case Operator.LogicalOr:
2011 case Operator.LogicalAnd:
2015 return oper.ToString ();
2018 public override string ToString ()
2020 return "operator " + OperName (oper) + "(" + left.ToString () + ", " +
2021 right.ToString () + ")";
2024 Expression ForceConversion (EmitContext ec, Expression expr, Type target_type)
2026 if (expr.Type == target_type)
2029 return Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, expr, target_type, loc);
2032 public static void Error_OperatorAmbiguous (Location loc, Operator oper, Type l, Type r)
2035 34, loc, "Operator `" + OperName (oper)
2036 + "' is ambiguous on operands of type `"
2037 + TypeManager.CSharpName (l) + "' "
2038 + "and `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (r)
2042 bool IsOfType (EmitContext ec, Type l, Type r, Type t, bool check_user_conversions)
2044 if ((l == t) || (r == t))
2047 if (!check_user_conversions)
2050 if (Convert.ImplicitUserConversionExists (ec, l, t))
2052 else if (Convert.ImplicitUserConversionExists (ec, r, t))
2059 // Note that handling the case l == Decimal || r == Decimal
2060 // is taken care of by the Step 1 Operator Overload resolution.
2062 // If `check_user_conv' is true, we also check whether a user-defined conversion
2063 // exists. Note that we only need to do this if both arguments are of a user-defined
2064 // type, otherwise ConvertImplict() already finds the user-defined conversion for us,
2065 // so we don't explicitly check for performance reasons.
2067 bool DoNumericPromotions (EmitContext ec, Type l, Type r, bool check_user_conv)
2069 if (IsOfType (ec, l, r, TypeManager.double_type, check_user_conv)){
2071 // If either operand is of type double, the other operand is
2072 // conveted to type double.
2074 if (r != TypeManager.double_type)
2075 right = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.double_type, loc);
2076 if (l != TypeManager.double_type)
2077 left = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.double_type, loc);
2079 type = TypeManager.double_type;
2080 } else if (IsOfType (ec, l, r, TypeManager.float_type, check_user_conv)){
2082 // if either operand is of type float, the other operand is
2083 // converted to type float.
2085 if (r != TypeManager.double_type)
2086 right = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.float_type, loc);
2087 if (l != TypeManager.double_type)
2088 left = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.float_type, loc);
2089 type = TypeManager.float_type;
2090 } else if (IsOfType (ec, l, r, TypeManager.uint64_type, check_user_conv)){
2094 // If either operand is of type ulong, the other operand is
2095 // converted to type ulong. or an error ocurrs if the other
2096 // operand is of type sbyte, short, int or long
2098 if (l == TypeManager.uint64_type){
2099 if (r != TypeManager.uint64_type){
2100 if (right is IntConstant){
2101 IntConstant ic = (IntConstant) right;
2103 e = Convert.TryImplicitIntConversion (l, ic);
2106 } else if (right is LongConstant){
2107 long ll = ((LongConstant) right).Value;
2110 right = new ULongConstant ((ulong) ll);
2112 e = Convert.ImplicitNumericConversion (ec, right, l, loc);
2119 if (left is IntConstant){
2120 e = Convert.TryImplicitIntConversion (r, (IntConstant) left);
2123 } else if (left is LongConstant){
2124 long ll = ((LongConstant) left).Value;
2127 left = new ULongConstant ((ulong) ll);
2129 e = Convert.ImplicitNumericConversion (ec, left, r, loc);
2136 if ((other == TypeManager.sbyte_type) ||
2137 (other == TypeManager.short_type) ||
2138 (other == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
2139 (other == TypeManager.int64_type))
2140 Error_OperatorAmbiguous (loc, oper, l, r);
2141 type = TypeManager.uint64_type;
2142 } else if (IsOfType (ec, l, r, TypeManager.int64_type, check_user_conv)){
2144 // If either operand is of type long, the other operand is converted
2147 if (l != TypeManager.int64_type)
2148 left = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
2149 if (r != TypeManager.int64_type)
2150 right = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
2152 type = TypeManager.int64_type;
2153 } else if (IsOfType (ec, l, r, TypeManager.uint32_type, check_user_conv)){
2155 // If either operand is of type uint, and the other
2156 // operand is of type sbyte, short or int, othe operands are
2157 // converted to type long (unless we have an int constant).
2161 if (l == TypeManager.uint32_type){
2162 if (right is IntConstant){
2163 IntConstant ic = (IntConstant) right;
2167 right = new UIntConstant ((uint) val);
2174 } else if (r == TypeManager.uint32_type){
2175 if (left is IntConstant){
2176 IntConstant ic = (IntConstant) left;
2180 left = new UIntConstant ((uint) val);
2189 if ((other == TypeManager.sbyte_type) ||
2190 (other == TypeManager.short_type) ||
2191 (other == TypeManager.int32_type)){
2192 left = ForceConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.int64_type);
2193 right = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.int64_type);
2194 type = TypeManager.int64_type;
2197 // if either operand is of type uint, the other
2198 // operand is converd to type uint
2200 left = ForceConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.uint32_type);
2201 right = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.uint32_type);
2202 type = TypeManager.uint32_type;
2204 } else if (l == TypeManager.decimal_type || r == TypeManager.decimal_type){
2205 if (l != TypeManager.decimal_type)
2206 left = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.decimal_type, loc);
2208 if (r != TypeManager.decimal_type)
2209 right = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.decimal_type, loc);
2210 type = TypeManager.decimal_type;
2212 left = ForceConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.int32_type);
2213 right = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.int32_type);
2215 type = TypeManager.int32_type;
2218 return (left != null) && (right != null);
2221 static public void Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied (Location loc, string name, Type l, Type r)
2223 Report.Error (19, loc,
2224 "Operator " + name + " cannot be applied to operands of type `" +
2225 TypeManager.CSharpName (l) + "' and `" +
2226 TypeManager.CSharpName (r) + "'");
2229 void Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ()
2231 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied (loc, OperName (oper), left.Type, right.Type);
2234 static bool is_unsigned (Type t)
2236 return (t == TypeManager.uint32_type || t == TypeManager.uint64_type ||
2237 t == TypeManager.short_type || t == TypeManager.byte_type);
2240 static bool is_user_defined (Type t)
2242 if (t.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.value_type) &&
2243 (!TypeManager.IsBuiltinType (t) || t == TypeManager.decimal_type))
2249 Expression Make32or64 (EmitContext ec, Expression e)
2253 if (t == TypeManager.int32_type || t == TypeManager.uint32_type ||
2254 t == TypeManager.int64_type || t == TypeManager.uint64_type)
2256 Expression ee = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, e, TypeManager.int32_type, loc);
2259 ee = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, e, TypeManager.uint32_type, loc);
2262 ee = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, e, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
2265 ee = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, e, TypeManager.uint64_type, loc);
2271 Expression CheckShiftArguments (EmitContext ec)
2275 e = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.int32_type);
2277 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2282 if (((e = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.int32_type, loc)) != null) ||
2283 ((e = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.uint32_type, loc)) != null) ||
2284 ((e = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.int64_type, loc)) != null) ||
2285 ((e = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.uint64_type, loc)) != null)){
2289 if (type == TypeManager.int32_type || type == TypeManager.uint32_type){
2290 right = new Binary (Binary.Operator.BitwiseAnd, right, new IntLiteral (31), loc);
2291 right = right.DoResolve (ec);
2293 right = new Binary (Binary.Operator.BitwiseAnd, right, new IntLiteral (63), loc);
2294 right = right.DoResolve (ec);
2299 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2303 Expression ResolveOperator (EmitContext ec)
2306 Type r = right.Type;
2308 bool overload_failed = false;
2311 // Special cases: string comapred to null
2313 if (oper == Operator.Equality || oper == Operator.Inequality){
2314 if ((l == TypeManager.string_type && (right is NullLiteral)) ||
2315 (r == TypeManager.string_type && (left is NullLiteral))){
2316 Type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2322 if (l == TypeManager.intptr_type && r == TypeManager.intptr_type) {
2323 Type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2330 // Do not perform operator overload resolution when both sides are
2333 if (!(TypeManager.IsCLRType (l) && TypeManager.IsCLRType (r))){
2335 // Step 1: Perform Operator Overload location
2337 Expression left_expr, right_expr;
2339 string op = oper_names [(int) oper];
2341 MethodGroupExpr union;
2342 left_expr = MemberLookup (ec, l, op, MemberTypes.Method, AllBindingFlags, loc);
2344 right_expr = MemberLookup (
2345 ec, r, op, MemberTypes.Method, AllBindingFlags, loc);
2346 union = Invocation.MakeUnionSet (left_expr, right_expr, loc);
2348 union = (MethodGroupExpr) left_expr;
2350 if (union != null) {
2351 ArrayList args = new ArrayList (2);
2352 args.Add (new Argument (left, Argument.AType.Expression));
2353 args.Add (new Argument (right, Argument.AType.Expression));
2355 MethodBase method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (ec, union, args, Location.Null);
2356 if (method != null) {
2357 MethodInfo mi = (MethodInfo) method;
2359 return new BinaryMethod (mi.ReturnType, method, args);
2361 overload_failed = true;
2367 // Step 0: String concatenation (because overloading will get this wrong)
2369 if (oper == Operator.Addition){
2371 // If any of the arguments is a string, cast to string
2374 // Simple constant folding
2375 if (left is StringConstant && right is StringConstant)
2376 return new StringConstant (((StringConstant) left).Value + ((StringConstant) right).Value);
2378 if (l == TypeManager.string_type || r == TypeManager.string_type) {
2380 if (r == TypeManager.void_type || l == TypeManager.void_type) {
2381 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2385 // try to fold it in on the left
2386 if (left is StringConcat) {
2389 // We have to test here for not-null, since we can be doubly-resolved
2390 // take care of not appending twice
2393 type = TypeManager.string_type;
2394 ((StringConcat) left).Append (ec, right);
2395 return left.Resolve (ec);
2401 // Otherwise, start a new concat expression
2402 return new StringConcat (ec, loc, left, right).Resolve (ec);
2406 // Transform a + ( - b) into a - b
2408 if (right is Unary){
2409 Unary right_unary = (Unary) right;
2411 if (right_unary.Oper == Unary.Operator.UnaryNegation){
2412 oper = Operator.Subtraction;
2413 right = right_unary.Expr;
2419 if (oper == Operator.Equality || oper == Operator.Inequality){
2420 if (l == TypeManager.bool_type || r == TypeManager.bool_type){
2421 if (r != TypeManager.bool_type || l != TypeManager.bool_type){
2422 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2426 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2431 // operator != (object a, object b)
2432 // operator == (object a, object b)
2434 // For this to be used, both arguments have to be reference-types.
2435 // Read the rationale on the spec (14.9.6)
2437 // Also, if at compile time we know that the classes do not inherit
2438 // one from the other, then we catch the error there.
2440 if (!(l.IsValueType || r.IsValueType)){
2441 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2446 if (l.IsSubclassOf (r) || r.IsSubclassOf (l))
2450 // Also, a standard conversion must exist from either one
2452 if (!(Convert.ImplicitStandardConversionExists (left, r) ||
2453 Convert.ImplicitStandardConversionExists (right, l))){
2454 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2458 // We are going to have to convert to an object to compare
2460 if (l != TypeManager.object_type)
2461 left = new EmptyCast (left, TypeManager.object_type);
2462 if (r != TypeManager.object_type)
2463 right = new EmptyCast (right, TypeManager.object_type);
2466 // FIXME: CSC here catches errors cs254 and cs252
2472 // One of them is a valuetype, but the other one is not.
2474 if (!l.IsValueType || !r.IsValueType) {
2475 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2480 // Only perform numeric promotions on:
2481 // +, -, *, /, %, &, |, ^, ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=
2483 if (oper == Operator.Addition || oper == Operator.Subtraction) {
2484 if (l.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.delegate_type)){
2485 if (right.eclass == ExprClass.MethodGroup && RootContext.V2){
2486 Expression tmp = Convert.ImplicitConversionRequired (ec, right, l, loc);
2493 if (r.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.delegate_type)){
2495 ArrayList args = new ArrayList (2);
2497 args = new ArrayList (2);
2498 args.Add (new Argument (left, Argument.AType.Expression));
2499 args.Add (new Argument (right, Argument.AType.Expression));
2501 if (oper == Operator.Addition)
2502 method = TypeManager.delegate_combine_delegate_delegate;
2504 method = TypeManager.delegate_remove_delegate_delegate;
2507 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2511 return new BinaryDelegate (l, method, args);
2516 // Pointer arithmetic:
2518 // T* operator + (T* x, int y);
2519 // T* operator + (T* x, uint y);
2520 // T* operator + (T* x, long y);
2521 // T* operator + (T* x, ulong y);
2523 // T* operator + (int y, T* x);
2524 // T* operator + (uint y, T *x);
2525 // T* operator + (long y, T *x);
2526 // T* operator + (ulong y, T *x);
2528 // T* operator - (T* x, int y);
2529 // T* operator - (T* x, uint y);
2530 // T* operator - (T* x, long y);
2531 // T* operator - (T* x, ulong y);
2533 // long operator - (T* x, T *y)
2536 if (r.IsPointer && oper == Operator.Subtraction){
2538 return new PointerArithmetic (
2539 false, left, right, TypeManager.int64_type,
2542 Expression t = Make32or64 (ec, right);
2544 return new PointerArithmetic (oper == Operator.Addition, left, t, l, loc);
2546 } else if (r.IsPointer && oper == Operator.Addition){
2547 Expression t = Make32or64 (ec, left);
2549 return new PointerArithmetic (true, right, t, r, loc);
2554 // Enumeration operators
2556 bool lie = TypeManager.IsEnumType (l);
2557 bool rie = TypeManager.IsEnumType (r);
2561 // U operator - (E e, E f)
2563 if (oper == Operator.Subtraction){
2565 type = TypeManager.EnumToUnderlying (l);
2568 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2574 // operator + (E e, U x)
2575 // operator - (E e, U x)
2577 if (oper == Operator.Addition || oper == Operator.Subtraction){
2578 Type enum_type = lie ? l : r;
2579 Type other_type = lie ? r : l;
2580 Type underlying_type = TypeManager.EnumToUnderlying (enum_type);
2582 if (underlying_type != other_type){
2583 temp = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, lie ? right : left, underlying_type, loc);
2593 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2602 temp = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, right, l, loc);
2606 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2610 temp = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, left, r, loc);
2615 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2620 if (oper == Operator.Equality || oper == Operator.Inequality ||
2621 oper == Operator.LessThanOrEqual || oper == Operator.LessThan ||
2622 oper == Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual || oper == Operator.GreaterThan){
2623 if (left.Type != right.Type){
2624 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2627 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2631 if (oper == Operator.BitwiseAnd ||
2632 oper == Operator.BitwiseOr ||
2633 oper == Operator.ExclusiveOr){
2637 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2641 if (oper == Operator.LeftShift || oper == Operator.RightShift)
2642 return CheckShiftArguments (ec);
2644 if (oper == Operator.LogicalOr || oper == Operator.LogicalAnd){
2645 if (l == TypeManager.bool_type && r == TypeManager.bool_type) {
2646 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2651 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2655 Expression e = new ConditionalLogicalOperator (
2656 oper == Operator.LogicalAnd, left, right, l, loc);
2657 return e.Resolve (ec);
2661 // operator & (bool x, bool y)
2662 // operator | (bool x, bool y)
2663 // operator ^ (bool x, bool y)
2665 if (l == TypeManager.bool_type && r == TypeManager.bool_type){
2666 if (oper == Operator.BitwiseAnd ||
2667 oper == Operator.BitwiseOr ||
2668 oper == Operator.ExclusiveOr){
2675 // Pointer comparison
2677 if (l.IsPointer && r.IsPointer){
2678 if (oper == Operator.Equality || oper == Operator.Inequality ||
2679 oper == Operator.LessThan || oper == Operator.LessThanOrEqual ||
2680 oper == Operator.GreaterThan || oper == Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual){
2681 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2687 // We are dealing with numbers
2689 if (overload_failed){
2690 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2695 // This will leave left or right set to null if there is an error
2697 bool check_user_conv = is_user_defined (l) && is_user_defined (r);
2698 DoNumericPromotions (ec, l, r, check_user_conv);
2699 if (left == null || right == null){
2700 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied (loc, OperName (oper), l, r);
2705 // reload our cached types if required
2710 if (oper == Operator.BitwiseAnd ||
2711 oper == Operator.BitwiseOr ||
2712 oper == Operator.ExclusiveOr){
2714 if (((l == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
2715 (l == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
2716 (l == TypeManager.short_type) ||
2717 (l == TypeManager.ushort_type) ||
2718 (l == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
2719 (l == TypeManager.uint64_type))){
2722 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2726 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2731 if (oper == Operator.Equality ||
2732 oper == Operator.Inequality ||
2733 oper == Operator.LessThanOrEqual ||
2734 oper == Operator.LessThan ||
2735 oper == Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual ||
2736 oper == Operator.GreaterThan){
2737 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2743 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
2745 if ((oper == Operator.Subtraction) && (left is ParenthesizedExpression)) {
2746 left = ((ParenthesizedExpression) left).Expr;
2747 left = left.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.VariableOrValue | ResolveFlags.Type);
2751 if (left.eclass == ExprClass.Type) {
2752 Error (75, "Casting a negative value needs to have the value in parentheses.");
2756 left = left.Resolve (ec);
2757 right = right.Resolve (ec);
2759 if (left == null || right == null)
2762 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
2764 Constant rc = right as Constant;
2765 Constant lc = left as Constant;
2767 if (rc != null & lc != null){
2768 Expression e = ConstantFold.BinaryFold (
2769 ec, oper, lc, rc, loc);
2774 return ResolveOperator (ec);
2778 /// EmitBranchable is called from Statement.EmitBoolExpression in the
2779 /// context of a conditional bool expression. This function will return
2780 /// false if it is was possible to use EmitBranchable, or true if it was.
2782 /// The expression's code is generated, and we will generate a branch to `target'
2783 /// if the resulting expression value is equal to isTrue
2785 public override void EmitBranchable (EmitContext ec, Label target, bool onTrue)
2787 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2790 // This is more complicated than it looks, but its just to avoid
2791 // duplicated tests: basically, we allow ==, !=, >, <, >= and <=
2792 // but on top of that we want for == and != to use a special path
2793 // if we are comparing against null
2795 if ((oper == Operator.Equality || oper == Operator.Inequality) && (left is Constant || right is Constant)) {
2796 bool my_on_true = oper == Operator.Inequality ? onTrue : !onTrue;
2799 // put the constant on the rhs, for simplicity
2801 if (left is Constant) {
2802 Expression swap = right;
2807 if (((Constant) right).IsZeroInteger) {
2810 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brtrue, target);
2812 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, target);
2815 } else if (right is BoolConstant) {
2817 if (my_on_true != ((BoolConstant) right).Value)
2818 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brtrue, target);
2820 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, target);
2825 } else if (oper == Operator.LogicalAnd) {
2828 Label tests_end = ig.DefineLabel ();
2830 left.EmitBranchable (ec, tests_end, false);
2831 right.EmitBranchable (ec, target, true);
2832 ig.MarkLabel (tests_end);
2834 left.EmitBranchable (ec, target, false);
2835 right.EmitBranchable (ec, target, false);
2840 } else if (oper == Operator.LogicalOr){
2842 left.EmitBranchable (ec, target, true);
2843 right.EmitBranchable (ec, target, true);
2846 Label tests_end = ig.DefineLabel ();
2847 left.EmitBranchable (ec, tests_end, true);
2848 right.EmitBranchable (ec, target, false);
2849 ig.MarkLabel (tests_end);
2854 } else if (!(oper == Operator.LessThan || oper == Operator.GreaterThan ||
2855 oper == Operator.LessThanOrEqual || oper == Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual ||
2856 oper == Operator.Equality || oper == Operator.Inequality)) {
2857 base.EmitBranchable (ec, target, onTrue);
2865 bool isUnsigned = is_unsigned (t) || t == TypeManager.double_type || t == TypeManager.float_type;
2868 case Operator.Equality:
2870 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Beq, target);
2872 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bne_Un, target);
2875 case Operator.Inequality:
2877 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bne_Un, target);
2879 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Beq, target);
2882 case Operator.LessThan:
2885 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Blt_Un, target);
2887 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Blt, target);
2890 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bge_Un, target);
2892 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bge, target);
2895 case Operator.GreaterThan:
2898 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bgt_Un, target);
2900 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bgt, target);
2903 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ble_Un, target);
2905 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ble, target);
2908 case Operator.LessThanOrEqual:
2911 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ble_Un, target);
2913 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ble, target);
2916 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bgt_Un, target);
2918 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bgt, target);
2922 case Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual:
2925 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bge_Un, target);
2927 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bge, target);
2930 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Blt_Un, target);
2932 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Blt, target);
2935 Console.WriteLine (oper);
2936 throw new Exception ("what is THAT");
2940 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
2942 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2947 // Handle short-circuit operators differently
2950 if (oper == Operator.LogicalAnd) {
2951 Label load_zero = ig.DefineLabel ();
2952 Label end = ig.DefineLabel ();
2954 left.EmitBranchable (ec, load_zero, false);
2956 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, end);
2958 ig.MarkLabel (load_zero);
2959 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
2962 } else if (oper == Operator.LogicalOr) {
2963 Label load_one = ig.DefineLabel ();
2964 Label end = ig.DefineLabel ();
2966 left.EmitBranchable (ec, load_one, true);
2968 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, end);
2970 ig.MarkLabel (load_one);
2971 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
2979 bool isUnsigned = is_unsigned (left.Type);
2982 case Operator.Multiply:
2984 if (l == TypeManager.int32_type || l == TypeManager.int64_type)
2985 opcode = OpCodes.Mul_Ovf;
2986 else if (isUnsigned)
2987 opcode = OpCodes.Mul_Ovf_Un;
2989 opcode = OpCodes.Mul;
2991 opcode = OpCodes.Mul;
2995 case Operator.Division:
2997 opcode = OpCodes.Div_Un;
2999 opcode = OpCodes.Div;
3002 case Operator.Modulus:
3004 opcode = OpCodes.Rem_Un;
3006 opcode = OpCodes.Rem;
3009 case Operator.Addition:
3011 if (l == TypeManager.int32_type || l == TypeManager.int64_type)
3012 opcode = OpCodes.Add_Ovf;
3013 else if (isUnsigned)
3014 opcode = OpCodes.Add_Ovf_Un;
3016 opcode = OpCodes.Add;
3018 opcode = OpCodes.Add;
3021 case Operator.Subtraction:
3023 if (l == TypeManager.int32_type || l == TypeManager.int64_type)
3024 opcode = OpCodes.Sub_Ovf;
3025 else if (isUnsigned)
3026 opcode = OpCodes.Sub_Ovf_Un;
3028 opcode = OpCodes.Sub;
3030 opcode = OpCodes.Sub;
3033 case Operator.RightShift:
3035 opcode = OpCodes.Shr_Un;
3037 opcode = OpCodes.Shr;
3040 case Operator.LeftShift:
3041 opcode = OpCodes.Shl;
3044 case Operator.Equality:
3045 opcode = OpCodes.Ceq;
3048 case Operator.Inequality:
3049 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ceq);
3050 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
3052 opcode = OpCodes.Ceq;
3055 case Operator.LessThan:
3057 opcode = OpCodes.Clt_Un;
3059 opcode = OpCodes.Clt;
3062 case Operator.GreaterThan:
3064 opcode = OpCodes.Cgt_Un;
3066 opcode = OpCodes.Cgt;
3069 case Operator.LessThanOrEqual:
3070 Type lt = left.Type;
3072 if (isUnsigned || (lt == TypeManager.double_type || lt == TypeManager.float_type))
3073 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Cgt_Un);
3075 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Cgt);
3076 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
3078 opcode = OpCodes.Ceq;
3081 case Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual:
3082 Type le = left.Type;
3084 if (isUnsigned || (le == TypeManager.double_type || le == TypeManager.float_type))
3085 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Clt_Un);
3087 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Clt);
3089 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
3091 opcode = OpCodes.Ceq;
3094 case Operator.BitwiseOr:
3095 opcode = OpCodes.Or;
3098 case Operator.BitwiseAnd:
3099 opcode = OpCodes.And;
3102 case Operator.ExclusiveOr:
3103 opcode = OpCodes.Xor;
3107 throw new Exception ("This should not happen: Operator = "
3108 + oper.ToString ());
3116 // Object created by Binary when the binary operator uses an method instead of being
3117 // a binary operation that maps to a CIL binary operation.
3119 public class BinaryMethod : Expression {
3120 public MethodBase method;
3121 public ArrayList Arguments;
3123 public BinaryMethod (Type t, MethodBase m, ArrayList args)
3128 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
3131 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3136 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3138 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3140 if (Arguments != null)
3141 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, method, Arguments);
3143 if (method is MethodInfo)
3144 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method);
3146 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
3151 // Represents the operation a + b [+ c [+ d [+ ...]]], where a is a string
3152 // b, c, d... may be strings or objects.
3154 public class StringConcat : Expression {
3156 bool invalid = false;
3159 public StringConcat (EmitContext ec, Location loc, Expression left, Expression right)
3162 type = TypeManager.string_type;
3163 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
3165 operands = new ArrayList (2);
3170 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3178 public void Append (EmitContext ec, Expression operand)
3183 if (operand is StringConstant && operands.Count != 0) {
3184 StringConstant last_operand = operands [operands.Count - 1] as StringConstant;
3185 if (last_operand != null) {
3186 operands [operands.Count - 1] = new StringConstant (last_operand.Value + ((StringConstant) operand).Value);
3192 // Conversion to object
3194 if (operand.Type != TypeManager.string_type) {
3195 Expression no = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, operand, TypeManager.object_type, loc);
3198 Binary.Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied (loc, "+", TypeManager.string_type, operand.Type);
3204 operands.Add (operand);
3207 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3209 MethodInfo concat_method = null;
3212 // Are we also concating objects?
3214 bool is_strings_only = true;
3217 // Do conversion to arguments; check for strings only
3219 for (int i = 0; i < operands.Count; i ++) {
3220 Expression e = (Expression) operands [i];
3221 is_strings_only &= e.Type == TypeManager.string_type;
3224 for (int i = 0; i < operands.Count; i ++) {
3225 Expression e = (Expression) operands [i];
3227 if (! is_strings_only && e.Type == TypeManager.string_type) {
3228 // need to make sure this is an object, because the EmitParams
3229 // method might look at the type of this expression, see it is a
3230 // string and emit a string [] when we want an object [];
3232 e = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, e, TypeManager.object_type, loc);
3234 operands [i] = new Argument (e, Argument.AType.Expression);
3238 // Find the right method
3240 switch (operands.Count) {
3243 // This should not be possible, because simple constant folding
3244 // is taken care of in the Binary code.
3246 throw new Exception ("how did you get here?");
3249 concat_method = is_strings_only ?
3250 TypeManager.string_concat_string_string :
3251 TypeManager.string_concat_object_object ;
3254 concat_method = is_strings_only ?
3255 TypeManager.string_concat_string_string_string :
3256 TypeManager.string_concat_object_object_object ;
3260 // There is not a 4 param overlaod for object (the one that there is
3261 // is actually a varargs methods, and is only in corlib because it was
3262 // introduced there before.).
3264 if (!is_strings_only)
3267 concat_method = TypeManager.string_concat_string_string_string_string;
3270 concat_method = is_strings_only ?
3271 TypeManager.string_concat_string_dot_dot_dot :
3272 TypeManager.string_concat_object_dot_dot_dot ;
3276 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, concat_method, operands);
3277 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, concat_method);
3282 // Object created with +/= on delegates
3284 public class BinaryDelegate : Expression {
3288 public BinaryDelegate (Type t, MethodInfo mi, ArrayList args)
3293 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
3296 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3301 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3303 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3305 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, method, args);
3307 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method);
3308 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Castclass, type);
3311 public Expression Right {
3313 Argument arg = (Argument) args [1];
3318 public bool IsAddition {
3320 return method == TypeManager.delegate_combine_delegate_delegate;
3326 // User-defined conditional logical operator
3327 public class ConditionalLogicalOperator : Expression {
3328 Expression left, right;
3331 public ConditionalLogicalOperator (bool is_and, Expression left, Expression right, Type t, Location loc)
3334 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
3338 this.is_and = is_and;
3341 protected void Error19 ()
3343 Binary.Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied (loc, is_and ? "&&" : "||", type, type);
3346 protected void Error218 ()
3348 Error (218, "The type ('" + TypeManager.CSharpName (type) + "') must contain " +
3349 "declarations of operator true and operator false");
3352 Expression op_true, op_false, op;
3353 LocalTemporary left_temp;
3355 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3358 Expression operator_group;
3360 operator_group = MethodLookup (ec, type, is_and ? "op_BitwiseAnd" : "op_BitwiseOr", loc);
3361 if (operator_group == null) {
3366 left_temp = new LocalTemporary (ec, type);
3368 ArrayList arguments = new ArrayList ();
3369 arguments.Add (new Argument (left_temp, Argument.AType.Expression));
3370 arguments.Add (new Argument (right, Argument.AType.Expression));
3371 method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (ec, (MethodGroupExpr) operator_group, arguments, loc) as MethodInfo;
3372 if ((method == null) || (method.ReturnType != type)) {
3377 op = new StaticCallExpr (method, arguments, loc);
3379 op_true = GetOperatorTrue (ec, left_temp, loc);
3380 op_false = GetOperatorFalse (ec, left_temp, loc);
3381 if ((op_true == null) || (op_false == null)) {
3389 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3391 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3392 Label false_target = ig.DefineLabel ();
3393 Label end_target = ig.DefineLabel ();
3395 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Nop);
3398 left_temp.Store (ec);
3400 (is_and ? op_false : op_true).EmitBranchable (ec, false_target, false);
3401 left_temp.Emit (ec);
3402 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, end_target);
3403 ig.MarkLabel (false_target);
3405 ig.MarkLabel (end_target);
3407 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Nop);
3411 public class PointerArithmetic : Expression {
3412 Expression left, right;
3416 // We assume that `l' is always a pointer
3418 public PointerArithmetic (bool is_addition, Expression l, Expression r, Type t, Location loc)
3421 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
3425 is_add = is_addition;
3428 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3431 // We are born fully resolved
3436 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3438 Type op_type = left.Type;
3439 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3440 int size = GetTypeSize (TypeManager.GetElementType (op_type));
3441 Type rtype = right.Type;
3443 if (rtype.IsPointer){
3445 // handle (pointer - pointer)
3449 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub);
3453 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sizeof, op_type);
3455 IntLiteral.EmitInt (ig, size);
3456 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Div);
3458 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I8);
3461 // handle + and - on (pointer op int)
3464 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I);
3468 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sizeof, op_type);
3470 IntLiteral.EmitInt (ig, size);
3471 if (rtype == TypeManager.int64_type)
3472 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I8);
3473 else if (rtype == TypeManager.uint64_type)
3474 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_U8);
3475 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Mul);
3476 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I);
3479 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
3481 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub);
3487 /// Implements the ternary conditional operator (?:)
3489 public class Conditional : Expression {
3490 Expression expr, trueExpr, falseExpr;
3492 public Conditional (Expression expr, Expression trueExpr, Expression falseExpr, Location l)
3495 this.trueExpr = trueExpr;
3496 this.falseExpr = falseExpr;
3500 public Expression Expr {
3506 public Expression TrueExpr {
3512 public Expression FalseExpr {
3518 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3520 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
3525 if (expr.Type != TypeManager.bool_type){
3526 expr = Expression.ResolveBoolean (
3533 trueExpr = trueExpr.Resolve (ec);
3534 falseExpr = falseExpr.Resolve (ec);
3536 if (trueExpr == null || falseExpr == null)
3539 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
3540 if (trueExpr.Type == falseExpr.Type)
3541 type = trueExpr.Type;
3544 Type true_type = trueExpr.Type;
3545 Type false_type = falseExpr.Type;
3547 if (trueExpr is NullLiteral){
3550 } else if (falseExpr is NullLiteral){
3556 // First, if an implicit conversion exists from trueExpr
3557 // to falseExpr, then the result type is of type falseExpr.Type
3559 conv = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, trueExpr, false_type, loc);
3562 // Check if both can convert implicitl to each other's type
3564 if (Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, falseExpr, true_type, loc) != null){
3566 "Can not compute type of conditional expression " +
3567 "as `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (trueExpr.Type) +
3568 "' and `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (falseExpr.Type) +
3569 "' convert implicitly to each other");
3574 } else if ((conv = Convert.ImplicitConversion(ec, falseExpr, true_type,loc))!= null){
3578 Error (173, "The type of the conditional expression can " +
3579 "not be computed because there is no implicit conversion" +
3580 " from `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (trueExpr.Type) + "'" +
3581 " and `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (falseExpr.Type) + "'");
3586 if (expr is BoolConstant){
3587 BoolConstant bc = (BoolConstant) expr;
3598 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3600 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3601 Label false_target = ig.DefineLabel ();
3602 Label end_target = ig.DefineLabel ();
3604 expr.EmitBranchable (ec, false_target, false);
3606 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, end_target);
3607 ig.MarkLabel (false_target);
3608 falseExpr.Emit (ec);
3609 ig.MarkLabel (end_target);
3617 public class LocalVariableReference : Expression, IAssignMethod, IMemoryLocation, IVariable {
3618 public readonly string Name;
3619 public readonly Block Block;
3620 LocalInfo local_info;
3623 public LocalVariableReference (Block block, string name, Location l)
3628 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
3631 // Setting `is_readonly' to false will allow you to create a writable
3632 // reference to a read-only variable. This is used by foreach and using.
3633 public LocalVariableReference (Block block, string name, Location l,
3634 LocalInfo local_info, bool is_readonly)
3635 : this (block, name, l)
3637 this.local_info = local_info;
3638 this.is_readonly = is_readonly;
3641 public VariableInfo VariableInfo {
3642 get { return local_info.VariableInfo; }
3645 public bool IsReadOnly {
3651 protected void DoResolveBase (EmitContext ec)
3653 if (local_info == null) {
3654 local_info = Block.GetLocalInfo (Name);
3655 is_readonly = local_info.ReadOnly;
3658 type = local_info.VariableType;
3660 if (ec.InAnonymousMethod)
3661 Block.LiftVariable (local_info);
3665 protected Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec, bool is_lvalue)
3667 Expression e = Block.GetConstantExpression (Name);
3669 local_info.Used = true;
3670 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
3674 VariableInfo variable_info = local_info.VariableInfo;
3675 if ((variable_info != null) && !variable_info.IsAssigned (ec, loc))
3679 local_info.Used = true;
3681 if (local_info.LocalBuilder == null)
3682 return ec.RemapLocal (local_info);
3687 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3691 return DoResolve (ec, false);
3694 override public Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
3698 VariableInfo variable_info = local_info.VariableInfo;
3699 if (variable_info != null)
3700 variable_info.SetAssigned (ec);
3702 Expression e = DoResolve (ec, true);
3708 Error (1604, "cannot assign to `" + Name + "' because it is readonly");
3712 CheckObsoleteAttribute (e.Type);
3714 if (local_info.LocalBuilder == null)
3715 return ec.RemapLocalLValue (local_info, right_side);
3720 public bool VerifyFixed (bool is_expression)
3722 return !is_expression || local_info.IsFixed;
3725 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3727 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3729 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, local_info.LocalBuilder);
3732 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
3734 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3737 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, local_info.LocalBuilder);
3740 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp mode)
3742 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3744 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloca, local_info.LocalBuilder);
3747 public override string ToString ()
3749 return String.Format ("{0} ({1}:{2})", GetType (), Name, loc);
3754 /// This represents a reference to a parameter in the intermediate
3757 public class ParameterReference : Expression, IAssignMethod, IMemoryLocation, IVariable {
3763 public Parameter.Modifier mod;
3764 public bool is_ref, is_out;
3766 public ParameterReference (Parameters pars, Block block, int idx, string name, Location loc)
3773 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
3776 public VariableInfo VariableInfo {
3780 public bool VerifyFixed (bool is_expression)
3782 return !is_expression || TypeManager.IsValueType (type);
3785 public bool IsAssigned (EmitContext ec, Location loc)
3787 if (!ec.DoFlowAnalysis || !is_out ||
3788 ec.CurrentBranching.IsAssigned (vi))
3791 Report.Error (165, loc,
3792 "Use of unassigned parameter `" + name + "'");
3796 public bool IsFieldAssigned (EmitContext ec, string field_name, Location loc)
3798 if (!ec.DoFlowAnalysis || !is_out ||
3799 ec.CurrentBranching.IsFieldAssigned (vi, field_name))
3802 Report.Error (170, loc,
3803 "Use of possibly unassigned field `" + field_name + "'");
3807 public void SetAssigned (EmitContext ec)
3809 if (is_out && ec.DoFlowAnalysis)
3810 ec.CurrentBranching.SetAssigned (vi);
3813 public void SetFieldAssigned (EmitContext ec, string field_name)
3815 if (is_out && ec.DoFlowAnalysis)
3816 ec.CurrentBranching.SetFieldAssigned (vi, field_name);
3819 protected void DoResolveBase (EmitContext ec)
3821 type = pars.GetParameterInfo (ec.DeclSpace, idx, out mod);
3822 is_ref = (mod & Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF) != 0;
3823 is_out = (mod & Parameter.Modifier.OUT) != 0;
3824 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
3827 vi = block.ParameterMap [idx];
3831 // Notice that for ref/out parameters, the type exposed is not the
3832 // same type exposed externally.
3835 // externally we expose "int&"
3836 // here we expose "int".
3838 // We record this in "is_ref". This means that the type system can treat
3839 // the type as it is expected, but when we generate the code, we generate
3840 // the alternate kind of code.
3842 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3846 if (is_out && ec.DoFlowAnalysis && !IsAssigned (ec, loc))
3849 if (ec.RemapToProxy)
3850 return ec.RemapParameter (idx);
3855 override public Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
3861 if (ec.RemapToProxy)
3862 return ec.RemapParameterLValue (idx, right_side);
3867 static public void EmitLdArg (ILGenerator ig, int x)
3871 case 0: ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0); break;
3872 case 1: ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_1); break;
3873 case 2: ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_2); break;
3874 case 3: ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_3); break;
3875 default: ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_S, (byte) x); break;
3878 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg, x);
3882 // This method is used by parameters that are references, that are
3883 // being passed as references: we only want to pass the pointer (that
3884 // is already stored in the parameter, not the address of the pointer,
3885 // and not the value of the variable).
3887 public void EmitLoad (EmitContext ec)
3889 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3895 EmitLdArg (ig, arg_idx);
3898 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3900 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3907 EmitLdArg (ig, arg_idx);
3913 // If we are a reference, we loaded on the stack a pointer
3914 // Now lets load the real value
3916 LoadFromPtr (ig, type);
3919 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
3921 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3929 EmitLdArg (ig, arg_idx);
3934 StoreFromPtr (ig, type);
3937 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Starg_S, (byte) arg_idx);
3939 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Starg, arg_idx);
3943 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp mode)
3952 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_S, (byte) arg_idx);
3954 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg, arg_idx);
3957 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarga_S, (byte) arg_idx);
3959 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarga, arg_idx);
3966 /// Used for arguments to New(), Invocation()
3968 public class Argument {
3969 public enum AType : byte {
3976 public readonly AType ArgType;
3977 public Expression Expr;
3979 public Argument (Expression expr, AType type)
3982 this.ArgType = type;
3987 if (ArgType == AType.Ref || ArgType == AType.Out)
3988 return TypeManager.GetReferenceType (Expr.Type);
3994 public Parameter.Modifier GetParameterModifier ()
3998 return Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF;
4001 return Parameter.Modifier.REF | Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF;
4004 return Parameter.Modifier.NONE;
4008 public static string FullDesc (Argument a)
4010 if (a.ArgType == AType.ArgList)
4013 return (a.ArgType == AType.Ref ? "ref " :
4014 (a.ArgType == AType.Out ? "out " : "")) +
4015 TypeManager.CSharpName (a.Expr.Type);
4018 public bool ResolveMethodGroup (EmitContext ec, Location loc)
4020 // FIXME: csc doesn't report any error if you try to use `ref' or
4021 // `out' in a delegate creation expression.
4022 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.VariableOrValue | ResolveFlags.MethodGroup);
4029 public bool Resolve (EmitContext ec, Location loc)
4031 if (ArgType == AType.Ref) {
4032 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
4036 Expr = Expr.ResolveLValue (ec, Expr);
4037 } else if (ArgType == AType.Out)
4038 Expr = Expr.ResolveLValue (ec, new EmptyExpression ());
4040 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
4045 if (ArgType == AType.Expression)
4049 // Catch errors where fields of a MarshalByRefObject are passed as ref or out
4050 // This is only allowed for `this'
4052 FieldExpr fe = Expr as FieldExpr;
4053 if (fe != null && !fe.IsStatic){
4054 Expression instance = fe.InstanceExpression;
4056 if (instance.GetType () != typeof (This)){
4057 if (fe.InstanceExpression.Type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.mbr_type)){
4058 Report.Error (197, loc,
4059 "Can not pass a type that derives from MarshalByRefObject with out or ref");
4066 if (Expr.eclass != ExprClass.Variable){
4068 // We just probe to match the CSC output
4070 if (Expr.eclass == ExprClass.PropertyAccess ||
4071 Expr.eclass == ExprClass.IndexerAccess){
4074 "A property or indexer can not be passed as an out or ref " +
4079 "An lvalue is required as an argument to out or ref");
4087 public void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4090 // Ref and Out parameters need to have their addresses taken.
4092 // ParameterReferences might already be references, so we want
4093 // to pass just the value
4095 if (ArgType == AType.Ref || ArgType == AType.Out){
4096 AddressOp mode = AddressOp.Store;
4098 if (ArgType == AType.Ref)
4099 mode |= AddressOp.Load;
4101 if (Expr is ParameterReference){
4102 ParameterReference pr = (ParameterReference) Expr;
4108 pr.AddressOf (ec, mode);
4111 ((IMemoryLocation)Expr).AddressOf (ec, mode);
4119 /// Invocation of methods or delegates.
4121 public class Invocation : ExpressionStatement {
4122 public readonly ArrayList Arguments;
4125 MethodBase method = null;
4128 static Hashtable method_parameter_cache;
4130 static Invocation ()
4132 method_parameter_cache = new PtrHashtable ();
4136 // arguments is an ArrayList, but we do not want to typecast,
4137 // as it might be null.
4139 // FIXME: only allow expr to be a method invocation or a
4140 // delegate invocation (7.5.5)
4142 public Invocation (Expression expr, ArrayList arguments, Location l)
4145 Arguments = arguments;
4149 public Expression Expr {
4156 /// Returns the Parameters (a ParameterData interface) for the
4159 public static ParameterData GetParameterData (MethodBase mb)
4161 object pd = method_parameter_cache [mb];
4165 return (ParameterData) pd;
4168 ip = TypeManager.LookupParametersByBuilder (mb);
4170 method_parameter_cache [mb] = ip;
4172 return (ParameterData) ip;
4174 ReflectionParameters rp = new ReflectionParameters (mb);
4175 method_parameter_cache [mb] = rp;
4177 return (ParameterData) rp;
4182 /// Determines "better conversion" as specified in 7.4.2.3
4184 /// Returns : 1 if a->p is better
4185 /// 0 if a->q or neither is better
4187 static int BetterConversion (EmitContext ec, Argument a, Type p, Type q, Location loc)
4189 Type argument_type = a.Type;
4190 Expression argument_expr = a.Expr;
4192 if (argument_type == null)
4193 throw new Exception ("Expression of type " + a.Expr +
4194 " does not resolve its type");
4197 // This is a special case since csc behaves this way.
4199 if (argument_expr is NullLiteral &&
4200 p == TypeManager.string_type &&
4201 q == TypeManager.object_type)
4203 else if (argument_expr is NullLiteral &&
4204 p == TypeManager.object_type &&
4205 q == TypeManager.string_type)
4209 // csc behaves this way so we emulate it. Basically, if the argument
4210 // is null and one of the types to compare is 'object' and the other
4211 // is a reference type, we prefer the other.
4213 // I can't find this anywhere in the spec but we can interpret this
4214 // to mean that null can be of any type you wish in such a context
4216 if (p != null && q != null) {
4217 if (argument_expr is NullLiteral &&
4219 q == TypeManager.object_type)
4221 else if (argument_expr is NullLiteral &&
4223 p == TypeManager.object_type)
4230 if (argument_type == p)
4233 if (argument_type == q)
4237 // Now probe whether an implicit constant expression conversion
4240 // An implicit constant expression conversion permits the following
4243 // * A constant-expression of type `int' can be converted to type
4244 // sbyte, byute, short, ushort, uint, ulong provided the value of
4245 // of the expression is withing the range of the destination type.
4247 // * A constant-expression of type long can be converted to type
4248 // ulong, provided the value of the constant expression is not negative
4250 // FIXME: Note that this assumes that constant folding has
4251 // taken place. We dont do constant folding yet.
4254 if (argument_expr is IntConstant){
4255 IntConstant ei = (IntConstant) argument_expr;
4256 int value = ei.Value;
4258 if (p == TypeManager.sbyte_type){
4259 if (value >= SByte.MinValue && value <= SByte.MaxValue)
4261 } else if (p == TypeManager.byte_type){
4262 if (q == TypeManager.sbyte_type &&
4263 value >= SByte.MinValue && value <= SByte.MaxValue)
4265 else if (Byte.MinValue >= 0 && value <= Byte.MaxValue)
4267 } else if (p == TypeManager.short_type){
4268 if (value >= Int16.MinValue && value <= Int16.MaxValue)
4270 } else if (p == TypeManager.ushort_type){
4271 if (q == TypeManager.short_type &&
4272 value >= Int16.MinValue && value <= Int16.MaxValue)
4274 else if (value >= UInt16.MinValue && value <= UInt16.MaxValue)
4276 } else if (p == TypeManager.int32_type){
4277 if (value >= Int32.MinValue && value <= Int32.MaxValue)
4279 } else if (p == TypeManager.uint32_type){
4281 // we can optimize this case: a positive int32
4282 // always fits on a uint32
4286 } else if (p == TypeManager.uint64_type){
4288 // we can optimize this case: a positive int32
4289 // always fits on a uint64
4293 // This special case is needed because csc behaves like this.
4294 // int -> uint is better than int -> ulong!
4296 if (q == TypeManager.uint32_type)
4299 if (q == TypeManager.int64_type)
4301 else if (value >= 0)
4303 } else if (p == TypeManager.int64_type){
4306 } else if (argument_type == TypeManager.int64_type && argument_expr is LongConstant){
4307 LongConstant lc = (LongConstant) argument_expr;
4309 if (p == TypeManager.uint64_type){
4316 Expression tmp = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, argument_expr, p, loc);
4324 Expression p_tmp = new EmptyExpression (p);
4325 Expression q_tmp = new EmptyExpression (q);
4327 if (Convert.ImplicitConversionExists (ec, p_tmp, q) == true &&
4328 Convert.ImplicitConversionExists (ec, q_tmp, p) == false)
4331 if (p == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
4332 if (q == TypeManager.byte_type || q == TypeManager.ushort_type ||
4333 q == TypeManager.uint32_type || q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
4336 if (p == TypeManager.short_type)
4337 if (q == TypeManager.ushort_type || q == TypeManager.uint32_type ||
4338 q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
4341 if (p == TypeManager.int32_type)
4342 if (q == TypeManager.uint32_type || q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
4345 if (p == TypeManager.int64_type)
4346 if (q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
4353 /// Determines "Better function" between candidate
4354 /// and the current best match
4357 /// Returns an integer indicating :
4358 /// 0 if candidate ain't better
4359 /// 1 if candidate is better than the current best match
4361 static int BetterFunction (EmitContext ec, ArrayList args,
4362 MethodBase candidate, bool candidate_params,
4363 MethodBase best, bool best_params,
4366 ParameterData candidate_pd = GetParameterData (candidate);
4367 ParameterData best_pd;
4373 argument_count = args.Count;
4375 int cand_count = candidate_pd.Count;
4378 // If there is no best method, than this one
4379 // is better, however, if we already found a
4380 // best method, we cant tell. This happens
4391 // interface IFooBar : IFoo, IBar {}
4393 // We cant tell if IFoo.DoIt is better than IBar.DoIt
4395 // However, we have to consider that
4396 // Trim (); is better than Trim (params char[] chars);
4398 if (cand_count == 0 && argument_count == 0)
4399 return best == null || best_params ? 1 : 0;
4401 if ((candidate_pd.ParameterModifier (cand_count - 1) != Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS) &&
4402 (candidate_pd.ParameterModifier (cand_count - 1) != Parameter.Modifier.ARGLIST))
4403 if (cand_count != argument_count)
4409 if (argument_count == 0 && cand_count == 1 &&
4410 candidate_pd.ParameterModifier (cand_count - 1) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)
4413 for (int j = 0; j < argument_count; ++j) {
4415 Argument a = (Argument) args [j];
4416 Type t = candidate_pd.ParameterType (j);
4418 if (candidate_pd.ParameterModifier (j) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)
4419 if (candidate_params)
4420 t = TypeManager.GetElementType (t);
4422 x = BetterConversion (ec, a, t, null, loc);
4434 best_pd = GetParameterData (best);
4436 int rating1 = 0, rating2 = 0;
4438 for (int j = 0; j < argument_count; ++j) {
4441 Argument a = (Argument) args [j];
4443 Type ct = candidate_pd.ParameterType (j);
4444 Type bt = best_pd.ParameterType (j);
4446 if (candidate_pd.ParameterModifier (j) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)
4447 if (candidate_params)
4448 ct = TypeManager.GetElementType (ct);
4450 if (best_pd.ParameterModifier (j) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)
4452 bt = TypeManager.GetElementType (bt);
4454 x = BetterConversion (ec, a, ct, bt, loc);
4455 y = BetterConversion (ec, a, bt, ct, loc);
4465 // If a method (in the normal form) with the
4466 // same signature as the expanded form of the
4467 // current best params method already exists,
4468 // the expanded form is not applicable so we
4469 // force it to select the candidate
4471 if (!candidate_params && best_params && cand_count == argument_count)
4474 if (rating1 > rating2)
4480 public static string FullMethodDesc (MethodBase mb)
4482 string ret_type = "";
4487 if (mb is MethodInfo)
4488 ret_type = TypeManager.CSharpName (((MethodInfo) mb).ReturnType);
4490 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder (ret_type);
4492 sb.Append (mb.ReflectedType.ToString ());
4494 sb.Append (mb.Name);
4496 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (mb);
4498 int count = pd.Count;
4501 for (int i = count; i > 0; ) {
4504 sb.Append (pd.ParameterDesc (count - i - 1));
4510 return sb.ToString ();
4513 public static MethodGroupExpr MakeUnionSet (Expression mg1, Expression mg2, Location loc)
4515 MemberInfo [] miset;
4516 MethodGroupExpr union;
4521 return (MethodGroupExpr) mg2;
4524 return (MethodGroupExpr) mg1;
4527 MethodGroupExpr left_set = null, right_set = null;
4528 int length1 = 0, length2 = 0;
4530 left_set = (MethodGroupExpr) mg1;
4531 length1 = left_set.Methods.Length;
4533 right_set = (MethodGroupExpr) mg2;
4534 length2 = right_set.Methods.Length;
4536 ArrayList common = new ArrayList ();
4538 foreach (MethodBase r in right_set.Methods){
4539 if (TypeManager.ArrayContainsMethod (left_set.Methods, r))
4543 miset = new MemberInfo [length1 + length2 - common.Count];
4544 left_set.Methods.CopyTo (miset, 0);
4548 foreach (MethodBase r in right_set.Methods) {
4549 if (!common.Contains (r))
4553 union = new MethodGroupExpr (miset, loc);
4559 /// Determines if the candidate method, if a params method, is applicable
4560 /// in its expanded form to the given set of arguments
4562 static bool IsParamsMethodApplicable (EmitContext ec, ArrayList arguments, MethodBase candidate)
4566 if (arguments == null)
4569 arg_count = arguments.Count;
4571 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (candidate);
4573 int pd_count = pd.Count;
4577 int count = pd_count - 1;
4579 bool is_varargs = false;
4580 if (pd.ParameterModifier (count) == Parameter.Modifier.ARGLIST)
4582 else if (pd.ParameterModifier (count) != Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)
4585 if (count > arg_count)
4588 if (pd_count == 1 && arg_count == 0)
4592 // If we have come this far, the case which
4593 // remains is when the number of parameters is
4594 // less than or equal to the argument count.
4596 for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
4598 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [i];
4600 Parameter.Modifier a_mod = a.GetParameterModifier () &
4601 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
4602 Parameter.Modifier p_mod = pd.ParameterModifier (i) &
4603 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
4605 if (a_mod == p_mod) {
4607 if (a_mod == Parameter.Modifier.NONE)
4608 if (!Convert.ImplicitConversionExists (ec,
4610 pd.ParameterType (i)))
4613 if ((a_mod & Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF) != 0) {
4614 Type pt = pd.ParameterType (i);
4617 pt = TypeManager.GetReferenceType (pt);
4630 Type element_type = TypeManager.GetElementType (pd.ParameterType (pd_count - 1));
4632 for (int i = pd_count - 1; i < arg_count; i++) {
4633 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [i];
4635 if (!Convert.ImplicitConversionExists (ec, a.Expr, element_type))
4643 /// Determines if the candidate method is applicable (section 14.4.2.1)
4644 /// to the given set of arguments
4646 static bool IsApplicable (EmitContext ec, ArrayList arguments, MethodBase candidate)
4650 if (arguments == null)
4653 arg_count = arguments.Count;
4656 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (candidate);
4658 if (arg_count != pd.Count)
4661 for (int i = arg_count; i > 0; ) {
4664 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [i];
4666 Parameter.Modifier a_mod = a.GetParameterModifier () &
4667 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
4668 Parameter.Modifier p_mod = pd.ParameterModifier (i) &
4669 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
4672 if (a_mod == p_mod ||
4673 (a_mod == Parameter.Modifier.NONE && p_mod == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)) {
4674 if (a_mod == Parameter.Modifier.NONE) {
4675 if (!Convert.ImplicitConversionExists (ec,
4677 pd.ParameterType (i)))
4681 if ((a_mod & Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF) != 0) {
4682 Type pt = pd.ParameterType (i);
4685 pt = TypeManager.GetReferenceType (pt);
4698 /// Find the Applicable Function Members (7.4.2.1)
4700 /// me: Method Group expression with the members to select.
4701 /// it might contain constructors or methods (or anything
4702 /// that maps to a method).
4704 /// Arguments: ArrayList containing resolved Argument objects.
4706 /// loc: The location if we want an error to be reported, or a Null
4707 /// location for "probing" purposes.
4709 /// Returns: The MethodBase (either a ConstructorInfo or a MethodInfo)
4710 /// that is the best match of me on Arguments.
4713 public static MethodBase OverloadResolve (EmitContext ec, MethodGroupExpr me,
4714 ArrayList Arguments, Location loc)
4716 MethodBase method = null;
4717 Type applicable_type = null;
4719 ArrayList candidates = new ArrayList ();
4722 // Used to keep a map between the candidate
4723 // and whether it is being considered in its
4724 // normal or expanded form
4726 // false is normal form, true is expanded form
4728 Hashtable candidate_to_form = null;
4732 // First we construct the set of applicable methods
4734 // We start at the top of the type hierarchy and
4735 // go down to find applicable methods
4737 applicable_type = me.DeclaringType;
4739 if (me.Name == "Invoke" && TypeManager.IsDelegateType (applicable_type)) {
4740 Error_InvokeOnDelegate (loc);
4744 bool found_applicable = false;
4746 foreach (MethodBase candidate in me.Methods){
4747 Type decl_type = candidate.DeclaringType;
4750 // If we have already found an applicable method
4751 // we eliminate all base types (Section 14.5.5.1)
4753 if (decl_type != applicable_type &&
4754 (applicable_type.IsSubclassOf (decl_type) ||
4755 TypeManager.ImplementsInterface (applicable_type, decl_type)) &&
4760 // Check if candidate is applicable (section 14.4.2.1)
4761 if (IsApplicable (ec, Arguments, candidate)) {
4762 // Candidate is applicable in normal form
4763 candidates.Add (candidate);
4764 applicable_type = candidate.DeclaringType;
4765 found_applicable = true;
4766 } else if (IsParamsMethodApplicable (ec, Arguments, candidate)) {
4767 if (candidate_to_form == null)
4768 candidate_to_form = new PtrHashtable ();
4770 // Candidate is applicable in expanded form
4771 candidates.Add (candidate);
4772 applicable_type = candidate.DeclaringType;
4773 found_applicable = true;
4774 candidate_to_form [candidate] = candidate;
4780 // Now we actually find the best method
4782 int candidate_top = candidates.Count;
4783 for (int ix = 0; ix < candidate_top; ix++){
4784 MethodBase candidate = (MethodBase) candidates [ix];
4786 bool cand_params = candidate_to_form != null && candidate_to_form.Contains (candidate);
4787 bool method_params = false;
4790 method_params = candidate_to_form != null && candidate_to_form.Contains (method);
4792 int x = BetterFunction (ec, Arguments,
4793 candidate, cand_params,
4794 method, method_params,
4803 if (Arguments == null)
4806 argument_count = Arguments.Count;
4809 if (method == null) {
4811 // Okay so we have failed to find anything so we
4812 // return by providing info about the closest match
4814 for (int i = 0; i < me.Methods.Length; ++i) {
4816 MethodBase c = (MethodBase) me.Methods [i];
4817 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (c);
4819 if (pd.Count != argument_count)
4822 VerifyArgumentsCompat (ec, Arguments, argument_count, c, false,
4827 if (!Location.IsNull (loc)) {
4828 string report_name = me.Name;
4829 if (report_name == ".ctor")
4830 report_name = me.DeclaringType.ToString ();
4832 Error_WrongNumArguments (loc, report_name, argument_count);
4839 // Now check that there are no ambiguities i.e the selected method
4840 // should be better than all the others
4842 bool best_params = candidate_to_form != null && candidate_to_form.Contains (method);
4844 for (int ix = 0; ix < candidate_top; ix++){
4845 MethodBase candidate = (MethodBase) candidates [ix];
4847 if (candidate == method)
4851 // If a normal method is applicable in
4852 // the sense that it has the same
4853 // number of arguments, then the
4854 // expanded params method is never
4855 // applicable so we debar the params
4858 // if ((IsParamsMethodApplicable (ec, Arguments, candidate) &&
4859 // IsApplicable (ec, Arguments, method)))
4862 bool cand_params = candidate_to_form != null && candidate_to_form.Contains (candidate);
4863 int x = BetterFunction (ec, Arguments,
4864 method, best_params,
4865 candidate, cand_params,
4871 "Ambiguous call when selecting function due to implicit casts");
4877 // And now check if the arguments are all
4878 // compatible, perform conversions if
4879 // necessary etc. and return if everything is
4882 if (!VerifyArgumentsCompat (ec, Arguments, argument_count, method,
4883 best_params, null, loc))
4889 static void Error_WrongNumArguments (Location loc, String name, int arg_count)
4891 Report.Error (1501, loc,
4892 "No overload for method `" + name + "' takes `" +
4893 arg_count + "' arguments");
4896 static void Error_InvokeOnDelegate (Location loc)
4898 Report.Error (1533, loc,
4899 "Invoke cannot be called directly on a delegate");
4902 static void Error_InvalidArguments (Location loc, int idx, MethodBase method,
4903 Type delegate_type, string arg_sig, string par_desc)
4905 if (delegate_type == null)
4906 Report.Error (1502, loc,
4907 "The best overloaded match for method '" +
4908 FullMethodDesc (method) +
4909 "' has some invalid arguments");
4911 Report.Error (1594, loc,
4912 "Delegate '" + delegate_type.ToString () +
4913 "' has some invalid arguments.");
4914 Report.Error (1503, loc,
4915 String.Format ("Argument {0}: Cannot convert from '{1}' to '{2}'",
4916 idx, arg_sig, par_desc));
4919 public static bool VerifyArgumentsCompat (EmitContext ec, ArrayList Arguments,
4922 bool chose_params_expanded,
4926 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (method);
4927 int pd_count = pd.Count;
4929 for (int j = 0; j < argument_count; j++) {
4930 Argument a = (Argument) Arguments [j];
4931 Expression a_expr = a.Expr;
4932 Type parameter_type = pd.ParameterType (j);
4933 Parameter.Modifier pm = pd.ParameterModifier (j);
4935 if (pm == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS){
4936 if ((pm & ~Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS) != a.GetParameterModifier ()) {
4937 if (!Location.IsNull (loc))
4938 Error_InvalidArguments (
4939 loc, j, method, delegate_type,
4940 Argument.FullDesc (a), pd.ParameterDesc (j));
4944 if (chose_params_expanded)
4945 parameter_type = TypeManager.GetElementType (parameter_type);
4946 } else if (pm == Parameter.Modifier.ARGLIST){
4952 if (pd.ParameterModifier (j) != a.GetParameterModifier ()){
4953 if (!Location.IsNull (loc))
4954 Error_InvalidArguments (
4955 loc, j, method, delegate_type,
4956 Argument.FullDesc (a), pd.ParameterDesc (j));
4964 if (a.Type != parameter_type){
4967 conv = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, a_expr, parameter_type, loc);
4970 if (!Location.IsNull (loc))
4971 Error_InvalidArguments (
4972 loc, j, method, delegate_type,
4973 Argument.FullDesc (a), pd.ParameterDesc (j));
4978 // Update the argument with the implicit conversion
4984 Parameter.Modifier a_mod = a.GetParameterModifier () &
4985 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
4986 Parameter.Modifier p_mod = pd.ParameterModifier (j) &
4987 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
4989 if (a_mod != p_mod &&
4990 pd.ParameterModifier (pd_count - 1) != Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS) {
4991 if (!Location.IsNull (loc)) {
4992 Report.Error (1502, loc,
4993 "The best overloaded match for method '" + FullMethodDesc (method)+
4994 "' has some invalid arguments");
4995 Report.Error (1503, loc,
4996 "Argument " + (j+1) +
4997 ": Cannot convert from '" + Argument.FullDesc (a)
4998 + "' to '" + pd.ParameterDesc (j) + "'");
5008 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5011 // First, resolve the expression that is used to
5012 // trigger the invocation
5014 if (expr is BaseAccess)
5017 expr = expr.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.VariableOrValue | ResolveFlags.MethodGroup);
5021 if (!(expr is MethodGroupExpr)) {
5022 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
5024 if (expr_type != null){
5025 bool IsDelegate = TypeManager.IsDelegateType (expr_type);
5027 return (new DelegateInvocation (
5028 this.expr, Arguments, loc)).Resolve (ec);
5032 if (!(expr is MethodGroupExpr)){
5033 expr.Error_UnexpectedKind (ResolveFlags.MethodGroup);
5038 // Next, evaluate all the expressions in the argument list
5040 if (Arguments != null){
5041 foreach (Argument a in Arguments){
5042 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
5047 MethodGroupExpr mg = (MethodGroupExpr) expr;
5048 method = OverloadResolve (ec, mg, Arguments, loc);
5050 if (method == null){
5052 "Could not find any applicable function for this argument list");
5056 MethodInfo mi = method as MethodInfo;
5058 type = TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (mi.ReturnType);
5059 if (!mi.IsStatic && !mg.IsExplicitImpl && (mg.InstanceExpression == null)) {
5060 SimpleName.Error_ObjectRefRequired (ec, loc, mi.Name);
5064 Expression iexpr = mg.InstanceExpression;
5065 if (mi.IsStatic && (iexpr != null) && !(iexpr is This)) {
5066 if (mg.IdenticalTypeName)
5067 mg.InstanceExpression = null;
5069 MemberAccess.error176 (loc, mi.Name);
5075 if (type.IsPointer){
5083 // Only base will allow this invocation to happen.
5085 if (is_base && method.IsAbstract){
5086 Report.Error (205, loc, "Cannot call an abstract base member: " +
5087 FullMethodDesc (method));
5091 if ((method.Attributes & MethodAttributes.SpecialName) != 0){
5092 if (TypeManager.IsSpecialMethod (method))
5093 Report.Error (571, loc, method.Name + ": can not call operator or accessor");
5096 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
5101 // Emits the list of arguments as an array
5103 static void EmitParams (EmitContext ec, int idx, ArrayList arguments)
5105 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
5106 int count = arguments.Count - idx;
5107 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [idx];
5108 Type t = a.Expr.Type;
5110 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, count);
5111 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newarr, TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (t));
5113 int top = arguments.Count;
5114 for (int j = idx; j < top; j++){
5115 a = (Argument) arguments [j];
5117 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
5118 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, j - idx);
5121 OpCode op = ArrayAccess.GetStoreOpcode (t, out is_stobj);
5123 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, t);
5128 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stobj, t);
5135 /// Emits a list of resolved Arguments that are in the arguments
5138 /// The MethodBase argument might be null if the
5139 /// emission of the arguments is known not to contain
5140 /// a `params' field (for example in constructors or other routines
5141 /// that keep their arguments in this structure)
5143 public static void EmitArguments (EmitContext ec, MethodBase mb, ArrayList arguments)
5147 pd = GetParameterData (mb);
5152 // If we are calling a params method with no arguments, special case it
5154 if (arguments == null){
5155 if (pd != null && pd.Count > 0 &&
5156 pd.ParameterModifier (0) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS){
5157 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
5159 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, 0);
5160 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newarr, TypeManager.GetElementType (pd.ParameterType (0)));
5166 int top = arguments.Count;
5168 for (int i = 0; i < top; i++){
5169 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [i];
5172 if (pd.ParameterModifier (i) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS){
5174 // Special case if we are passing the same data as the
5175 // params argument, do not put it in an array.
5177 if (pd.ParameterType (i) == a.Type)
5180 EmitParams (ec, i, arguments);
5188 if (pd != null && pd.Count > top &&
5189 pd.ParameterModifier (top) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS){
5190 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
5192 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, 0);
5193 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newarr, TypeManager.GetElementType (pd.ParameterType (top)));
5197 static Type[] GetVarargsTypes (EmitContext ec, MethodBase mb,
5198 ArrayList arguments)
5200 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (mb);
5202 if (arguments == null)
5203 return new Type [0];
5205 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [pd.Count - 1];
5206 Arglist list = (Arglist) a.Expr;
5208 return list.ArgumentTypes;
5212 /// This checks the ConditionalAttribute on the method
5214 static bool IsMethodExcluded (MethodBase method, EmitContext ec)
5216 if (method.IsConstructor)
5219 IMethodData md = TypeManager.GetMethod (method);
5221 return md.IsExcluded (ec);
5223 // For some methods (generated by delegate class) GetMethod returns null
5224 // because they are not included in builder_to_method table
5225 if (method.DeclaringType is TypeBuilder)
5228 return AttributeTester.IsConditionalMethodExcluded (method);
5232 /// is_base tells whether we want to force the use of the `call'
5233 /// opcode instead of using callvirt. Call is required to call
5234 /// a specific method, while callvirt will always use the most
5235 /// recent method in the vtable.
5237 /// is_static tells whether this is an invocation on a static method
5239 /// instance_expr is an expression that represents the instance
5240 /// it must be non-null if is_static is false.
5242 /// method is the method to invoke.
5244 /// Arguments is the list of arguments to pass to the method or constructor.
5246 public static void EmitCall (EmitContext ec, bool is_base,
5247 bool is_static, Expression instance_expr,
5248 MethodBase method, ArrayList Arguments, Location loc)
5250 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
5251 bool struct_call = false;
5252 bool this_call = false;
5254 Type decl_type = method.DeclaringType;
5256 if (!RootContext.StdLib) {
5257 // Replace any calls to the system's System.Array type with calls to
5258 // the newly created one.
5259 if (method == TypeManager.system_int_array_get_length)
5260 method = TypeManager.int_array_get_length;
5261 else if (method == TypeManager.system_int_array_get_rank)
5262 method = TypeManager.int_array_get_rank;
5263 else if (method == TypeManager.system_object_array_clone)
5264 method = TypeManager.object_array_clone;
5265 else if (method == TypeManager.system_int_array_get_length_int)
5266 method = TypeManager.int_array_get_length_int;
5267 else if (method == TypeManager.system_int_array_get_lower_bound_int)
5268 method = TypeManager.int_array_get_lower_bound_int;
5269 else if (method == TypeManager.system_int_array_get_upper_bound_int)
5270 method = TypeManager.int_array_get_upper_bound_int;
5271 else if (method == TypeManager.system_void_array_copyto_array_int)
5272 method = TypeManager.void_array_copyto_array_int;
5276 // This checks ObsoleteAttribute on the method and on the declaring type
5278 ObsoleteAttribute oa = AttributeTester.GetMethodObsoleteAttribute (method);
5280 AttributeTester.Report_ObsoleteMessage (oa, TypeManager.CSharpSignature (method), loc);
5283 oa = AttributeTester.GetObsoleteAttribute (method.DeclaringType);
5285 AttributeTester.Report_ObsoleteMessage (oa, method.DeclaringType.FullName, loc);
5288 if (IsMethodExcluded (method, ec))
5292 if (decl_type.IsValueType)
5295 // If this is ourselves, push "this"
5297 if (instance_expr == null) {
5299 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
5302 // Push the instance expression
5304 if (instance_expr.Type.IsValueType){
5306 // Special case: calls to a function declared in a
5307 // reference-type with a value-type argument need
5308 // to have their value boxed.
5311 if (decl_type.IsValueType){
5313 // If the expression implements IMemoryLocation, then
5314 // we can optimize and use AddressOf on the
5317 // If not we have to use some temporary storage for
5319 if (instance_expr is IMemoryLocation){
5320 ((IMemoryLocation)instance_expr).
5321 AddressOf (ec, AddressOp.LoadStore);
5324 Type t = instance_expr.Type;
5326 instance_expr.Emit (ec);
5327 LocalBuilder temp = ig.DeclareLocal (t);
5328 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, temp);
5329 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloca, temp);
5332 instance_expr.Emit (ec);
5333 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Box, instance_expr.Type);
5336 instance_expr.Emit (ec);
5340 EmitArguments (ec, method, Arguments);
5342 if (method.CallingConvention == CallingConventions.VarArgs) {
5343 Type[] varargs_types = GetVarargsTypes (ec, method, Arguments);
5344 ig.EmitCall (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method, varargs_types);
5351 // and DoFoo is not virtual, you can omit the callvirt,
5352 // because you don't need the null checking behavior.
5354 if (is_static || struct_call || is_base || (this_call && !method.IsVirtual)){
5355 if (method is MethodInfo) {
5356 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method);
5358 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
5360 if (method is MethodInfo)
5361 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, (MethodInfo) method);
5363 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, (ConstructorInfo) method);
5367 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5369 MethodGroupExpr mg = (MethodGroupExpr) this.expr;
5371 EmitCall (ec, is_base, method.IsStatic, mg.InstanceExpression, method, Arguments, loc);
5374 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
5379 // Pop the return value if there is one
5381 if (method is MethodInfo){
5382 Type ret = ((MethodInfo)method).ReturnType;
5383 if (TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (ret) != TypeManager.void_type)
5384 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
5389 public class InvocationOrCast : ExpressionStatement
5392 Expression argument;
5394 public InvocationOrCast (Expression expr, Expression argument, Location loc)
5397 this.argument = argument;
5401 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5404 // First try to resolve it as a cast.
5406 type = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (expr, true, loc);
5408 Cast cast = new Cast (new TypeExpression (type, loc), argument, loc);
5409 return cast.Resolve (ec);
5413 // This can either be a type or a delegate invocation.
5414 // Let's just resolve it and see what we'll get.
5416 expr = expr.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.Type | ResolveFlags.VariableOrValue);
5421 // Ok, so it's a Cast.
5423 if (expr.eclass == ExprClass.Type) {
5424 Cast cast = new Cast (new TypeExpression (expr.Type, loc), argument, loc);
5425 return cast.Resolve (ec);
5429 // It's a delegate invocation.
5431 if (!TypeManager.IsDelegateType (expr.Type)) {
5432 Error (149, "Method name expected");
5436 ArrayList args = new ArrayList ();
5437 args.Add (new Argument (argument, Argument.AType.Expression));
5438 DelegateInvocation invocation = new DelegateInvocation (expr, args, loc);
5439 return invocation.Resolve (ec);
5444 Error (201, "Only assignment, call, increment, decrement and new object " +
5445 "expressions can be used as a statement");
5448 public override ExpressionStatement ResolveStatement (EmitContext ec)
5451 // First try to resolve it as a cast.
5453 type = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (expr, true, loc);
5460 // This can either be a type or a delegate invocation.
5461 // Let's just resolve it and see what we'll get.
5463 expr = expr.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.Type | ResolveFlags.VariableOrValue);
5464 if ((expr == null) || (expr.eclass == ExprClass.Type)) {
5470 // It's a delegate invocation.
5472 if (!TypeManager.IsDelegateType (expr.Type)) {
5473 Error (149, "Method name expected");
5477 ArrayList args = new ArrayList ();
5478 args.Add (new Argument (argument, Argument.AType.Expression));
5479 DelegateInvocation invocation = new DelegateInvocation (expr, args, loc);
5480 return invocation.ResolveStatement (ec);
5483 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5485 throw new Exception ("Cannot happen");
5488 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
5490 throw new Exception ("Cannot happen");
5495 // This class is used to "disable" the code generation for the
5496 // temporary variable when initializing value types.
5498 class EmptyAddressOf : EmptyExpression, IMemoryLocation {
5499 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp Mode)
5506 /// Implements the new expression
5508 public class New : ExpressionStatement, IMemoryLocation {
5509 public readonly ArrayList Arguments;
5512 // During bootstrap, it contains the RequestedType,
5513 // but if `type' is not null, it *might* contain a NewDelegate
5514 // (because of field multi-initialization)
5516 public Expression RequestedType;
5518 MethodBase method = null;
5521 // If set, the new expression is for a value_target, and
5522 // we will not leave anything on the stack.
5524 Expression value_target;
5525 bool value_target_set = false;
5527 public New (Expression requested_type, ArrayList arguments, Location l)
5529 RequestedType = requested_type;
5530 Arguments = arguments;
5534 public bool SetValueTypeVariable (Expression value)
5536 value_target = value;
5537 value_target_set = true;
5538 if (!(value_target is IMemoryLocation)){
5539 Error_UnexpectedKind ("variable");
5546 // This function is used to disable the following code sequence for
5547 // value type initialization:
5549 // AddressOf (temporary)
5553 // Instead the provide will have provided us with the address on the
5554 // stack to store the results.
5556 static Expression MyEmptyExpression;
5558 public void DisableTemporaryValueType ()
5560 if (MyEmptyExpression == null)
5561 MyEmptyExpression = new EmptyAddressOf ();
5564 // To enable this, look into:
5565 // test-34 and test-89 and self bootstrapping.
5567 // For instance, we can avoid a copy by using `newobj'
5568 // instead of Call + Push-temp on value types.
5569 // value_target = MyEmptyExpression;
5572 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5575 // The New DoResolve might be called twice when initializing field
5576 // expressions (see EmitFieldInitializers, the call to
5577 // GetInitializerExpression will perform a resolve on the expression,
5578 // and later the assign will trigger another resolution
5580 // This leads to bugs (#37014)
5583 if (RequestedType is NewDelegate)
5584 return RequestedType;
5588 type = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (RequestedType, false, loc);
5593 CheckObsoleteAttribute (type);
5595 bool IsDelegate = TypeManager.IsDelegateType (type);
5598 RequestedType = (new NewDelegate (type, Arguments, loc)).Resolve (ec);
5599 if (RequestedType != null)
5600 if (!(RequestedType is NewDelegate))
5601 throw new Exception ("NewDelegate.Resolve returned a non NewDelegate: " + RequestedType.GetType ());
5602 return RequestedType;
5605 if (type.IsInterface || type.IsAbstract){
5606 Error (144, "It is not possible to create instances of interfaces or abstract classes");
5610 bool is_struct = type.IsValueType;
5611 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
5614 // SRE returns a match for .ctor () on structs (the object constructor),
5615 // so we have to manually ignore it.
5617 if (is_struct && Arguments == null)
5621 // For member-lookup, treat 'new Foo (bar)' as call to 'foo.ctor (bar)', where 'foo' is of type 'Foo'.
5622 ml = MemberLookupFinal (ec, type, type, ".ctor",
5623 MemberTypes.Constructor,
5624 AllBindingFlags | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly, loc);
5629 if (! (ml is MethodGroupExpr)){
5631 ml.Error_UnexpectedKind ("method group");
5637 if (Arguments != null){
5638 foreach (Argument a in Arguments){
5639 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
5644 method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (ec, (MethodGroupExpr) ml, Arguments, loc);
5648 if (method == null) {
5649 if (!is_struct || Arguments.Count > 0) {
5650 Error (1501, String.Format (
5651 "New invocation: Can not find a constructor in `{0}' for this argument list",
5652 TypeManager.CSharpName (type)));
5661 // This DoEmit can be invoked in two contexts:
5662 // * As a mechanism that will leave a value on the stack (new object)
5663 // * As one that wont (init struct)
5665 // You can control whether a value is required on the stack by passing
5666 // need_value_on_stack. The code *might* leave a value on the stack
5667 // so it must be popped manually
5669 // If we are dealing with a ValueType, we have a few
5670 // situations to deal with:
5672 // * The target is a ValueType, and we have been provided
5673 // the instance (this is easy, we are being assigned).
5675 // * The target of New is being passed as an argument,
5676 // to a boxing operation or a function that takes a
5679 // In this case, we need to create a temporary variable
5680 // that is the argument of New.
5682 // Returns whether a value is left on the stack
5684 bool DoEmit (EmitContext ec, bool need_value_on_stack)
5686 bool is_value_type = type.IsValueType;
5687 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
5692 // Allow DoEmit() to be called multiple times.
5693 // We need to create a new LocalTemporary each time since
5694 // you can't share LocalBuilders among ILGeneators.
5695 if (!value_target_set)
5696 value_target = new LocalTemporary (ec, type);
5698 ml = (IMemoryLocation) value_target;
5699 ml.AddressOf (ec, AddressOp.Store);
5703 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, method, Arguments);
5707 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Initobj, type);
5709 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
5710 if (need_value_on_stack){
5711 value_target.Emit (ec);
5716 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newobj, (ConstructorInfo) method);
5721 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5726 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
5728 if (DoEmit (ec, false))
5729 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
5732 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp Mode)
5734 if (!type.IsValueType){
5736 // We throw an exception. So far, I believe we only need to support
5738 // foreach (int j in new StructType ())
5741 throw new Exception ("AddressOf should not be used for classes");
5744 if (!value_target_set)
5745 value_target = new LocalTemporary (ec, type);
5747 IMemoryLocation ml = (IMemoryLocation) value_target;
5748 ml.AddressOf (ec, AddressOp.Store);
5750 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, method, Arguments);
5753 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Initobj, type);
5755 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
5757 ((IMemoryLocation) value_target).AddressOf (ec, Mode);
5762 /// 14.5.10.2: Represents an array creation expression.
5766 /// There are two possible scenarios here: one is an array creation
5767 /// expression that specifies the dimensions and optionally the
5768 /// initialization data and the other which does not need dimensions
5769 /// specified but where initialization data is mandatory.
5771 public class ArrayCreation : Expression {
5772 Expression requested_base_type;
5773 ArrayList initializers;
5776 // The list of Argument types.
5777 // This is used to construct the `newarray' or constructor signature
5779 ArrayList arguments;
5782 // Method used to create the array object.
5784 MethodBase new_method = null;
5786 Type array_element_type;
5787 Type underlying_type;
5788 bool is_one_dimensional = false;
5789 bool is_builtin_type = false;
5790 bool expect_initializers = false;
5791 int num_arguments = 0;
5795 ArrayList array_data;
5800 // The number of array initializers that we can handle
5801 // via the InitializeArray method - through EmitStaticInitializers
5803 int num_automatic_initializers;
5805 const int max_automatic_initializers = 6;
5807 public ArrayCreation (Expression requested_base_type, ArrayList exprs, string rank, ArrayList initializers, Location l)
5809 this.requested_base_type = requested_base_type;
5810 this.initializers = initializers;
5814 arguments = new ArrayList ();
5816 foreach (Expression e in exprs) {
5817 arguments.Add (new Argument (e, Argument.AType.Expression));
5822 public ArrayCreation (Expression requested_base_type, string rank, ArrayList initializers, Location l)
5824 this.requested_base_type = requested_base_type;
5825 this.initializers = initializers;
5829 //this.rank = rank.Substring (0, rank.LastIndexOf ('['));
5831 //string tmp = rank.Substring (rank.LastIndexOf ('['));
5833 //dimensions = tmp.Length - 1;
5834 expect_initializers = true;
5837 public Expression FormArrayType (Expression base_type, int idx_count, string rank)
5839 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder (rank);
5842 for (int i = 1; i < idx_count; i++)
5847 return new ComposedCast (base_type, sb.ToString (), loc);
5850 void Error_IncorrectArrayInitializer ()
5852 Error (178, "Incorrectly structured array initializer");
5855 public bool CheckIndices (EmitContext ec, ArrayList probe, int idx, bool specified_dims)
5857 if (specified_dims) {
5858 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [idx];
5860 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
5863 if (!(a.Expr is Constant)) {
5864 Error (150, "A constant value is expected");
5868 int value = (int) ((Constant) a.Expr).GetValue ();
5870 if (value != probe.Count) {
5871 Error_IncorrectArrayInitializer ();
5875 bounds [idx] = value;
5878 int child_bounds = -1;
5879 foreach (object o in probe) {
5880 if (o is ArrayList) {
5881 int current_bounds = ((ArrayList) o).Count;
5883 if (child_bounds == -1)
5884 child_bounds = current_bounds;
5886 else if (child_bounds != current_bounds){
5887 Error_IncorrectArrayInitializer ();
5890 if (specified_dims && (idx + 1 >= arguments.Count)){
5891 Error (623, "Array initializers can only be used in a variable or field initializer, try using the new expression");
5895 bool ret = CheckIndices (ec, (ArrayList) o, idx + 1, specified_dims);
5899 if (child_bounds != -1){
5900 Error_IncorrectArrayInitializer ();
5904 Expression tmp = (Expression) o;
5905 tmp = tmp.Resolve (ec);
5909 // Console.WriteLine ("I got: " + tmp);
5910 // Handle initialization from vars, fields etc.
5912 Expression conv = Convert.ImplicitConversionRequired (
5913 ec, tmp, underlying_type, loc);
5918 if (conv is StringConstant || conv is DecimalConstant || conv is NullCast) {
5919 // These are subclasses of Constant that can appear as elements of an
5920 // array that cannot be statically initialized (with num_automatic_initializers
5921 // > max_automatic_initializers), so num_automatic_initializers should be left as zero.
5922 array_data.Add (conv);
5923 } else if (conv is Constant) {
5924 // These are the types of Constant that can appear in arrays that can be
5925 // statically allocated.
5926 array_data.Add (conv);
5927 num_automatic_initializers++;
5929 array_data.Add (conv);
5936 public void UpdateIndices (EmitContext ec)
5939 for (ArrayList probe = initializers; probe != null;) {
5940 if (probe.Count > 0 && probe [0] is ArrayList) {
5941 Expression e = new IntConstant (probe.Count);
5942 arguments.Add (new Argument (e, Argument.AType.Expression));
5944 bounds [i++] = probe.Count;
5946 probe = (ArrayList) probe [0];
5949 Expression e = new IntConstant (probe.Count);
5950 arguments.Add (new Argument (e, Argument.AType.Expression));
5952 bounds [i++] = probe.Count;
5959 public bool ValidateInitializers (EmitContext ec, Type array_type)
5961 if (initializers == null) {
5962 if (expect_initializers)
5968 if (underlying_type == null)
5972 // We use this to store all the date values in the order in which we
5973 // will need to store them in the byte blob later
5975 array_data = new ArrayList ();
5976 bounds = new Hashtable ();
5980 if (arguments != null) {
5981 ret = CheckIndices (ec, initializers, 0, true);
5984 arguments = new ArrayList ();
5986 ret = CheckIndices (ec, initializers, 0, false);
5993 if (arguments.Count != dimensions) {
5994 Error_IncorrectArrayInitializer ();
6002 void Error_NegativeArrayIndex ()
6004 Error (284, "Can not create array with a negative size");
6008 // Converts `source' to an int, uint, long or ulong.
6010 Expression ExpressionToArrayArgument (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
6014 bool old_checked = ec.CheckState;
6015 ec.CheckState = true;
6017 target = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, source, TypeManager.int32_type, loc);
6018 if (target == null){
6019 target = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, source, TypeManager.uint32_type, loc);
6020 if (target == null){
6021 target = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, source, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
6022 if (target == null){
6023 target = Convert.ImplicitConversion (ec, source, TypeManager.uint64_type, loc);
6025 Convert.Error_CannotImplicitConversion (loc, source.Type, TypeManager.int32_type);
6029 ec.CheckState = old_checked;
6032 // Only positive constants are allowed at compile time
6034 if (target is Constant){
6035 if (target is IntConstant){
6036 if (((IntConstant) target).Value < 0){
6037 Error_NegativeArrayIndex ();
6042 if (target is LongConstant){
6043 if (((LongConstant) target).Value < 0){
6044 Error_NegativeArrayIndex ();
6055 // Creates the type of the array
6057 bool LookupType (EmitContext ec)
6059 StringBuilder array_qualifier = new StringBuilder (rank);
6062 // `In the first form allocates an array instace of the type that results
6063 // from deleting each of the individual expression from the expression list'
6065 if (num_arguments > 0) {
6066 array_qualifier.Append ("[");
6067 for (int i = num_arguments-1; i > 0; i--)
6068 array_qualifier.Append (",");
6069 array_qualifier.Append ("]");
6075 Expression array_type_expr;
6076 array_type_expr = new ComposedCast (requested_base_type, array_qualifier.ToString (), loc);
6077 type = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (array_type_expr, false, loc);
6082 underlying_type = type;
6083 if (underlying_type.IsArray)
6084 underlying_type = TypeManager.GetElementType (underlying_type);
6085 dimensions = type.GetArrayRank ();
6090 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6094 if (!LookupType (ec))
6098 // First step is to validate the initializers and fill
6099 // in any missing bits
6101 if (!ValidateInitializers (ec, type))
6104 if (arguments == null)
6107 arg_count = arguments.Count;
6108 foreach (Argument a in arguments){
6109 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
6112 Expression real_arg = ExpressionToArrayArgument (ec, a.Expr, loc);
6113 if (real_arg == null)
6120 array_element_type = TypeManager.GetElementType (type);
6122 if (arg_count == 1) {
6123 is_one_dimensional = true;
6124 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
6128 is_builtin_type = TypeManager.IsBuiltinType (type);
6130 if (is_builtin_type) {
6133 ml = MemberLookup (ec, type, ".ctor", MemberTypes.Constructor,
6134 AllBindingFlags, loc);
6136 if (!(ml is MethodGroupExpr)) {
6137 ml.Error_UnexpectedKind ("method group");
6142 Error (-6, "New invocation: Can not find a constructor for " +
6143 "this argument list");
6147 new_method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (ec, (MethodGroupExpr) ml, arguments, loc);
6149 if (new_method == null) {
6150 Error (-6, "New invocation: Can not find a constructor for " +
6151 "this argument list");
6155 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
6158 ModuleBuilder mb = CodeGen.Module.Builder;
6159 ArrayList args = new ArrayList ();
6161 if (arguments != null) {
6162 for (int i = 0; i < arg_count; i++)
6163 args.Add (TypeManager.int32_type);
6166 Type [] arg_types = null;
6169 arg_types = new Type [args.Count];
6171 args.CopyTo (arg_types, 0);
6173 new_method = mb.GetArrayMethod (type, ".ctor", CallingConventions.HasThis, null,
6176 if (new_method == null) {
6177 Error (-6, "New invocation: Can not find a constructor for " +
6178 "this argument list");
6182 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
6187 public static byte [] MakeByteBlob (ArrayList array_data, Type underlying_type, Location loc)
6192 int count = array_data.Count;
6194 if (underlying_type.IsEnum)
6195 underlying_type = TypeManager.EnumToUnderlying (underlying_type);
6197 factor = GetTypeSize (underlying_type);
6199 throw new Exception ("unrecognized type in MakeByteBlob: " + underlying_type);
6201 data = new byte [(count * factor + 4) & ~3];
6204 for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
6205 object v = array_data [i];
6207 if (v is EnumConstant)
6208 v = ((EnumConstant) v).Child;
6210 if (v is Constant && !(v is StringConstant))
6211 v = ((Constant) v).GetValue ();
6217 if (underlying_type == TypeManager.int64_type){
6218 if (!(v is Expression)){
6219 long val = (long) v;
6221 for (int j = 0; j < factor; ++j) {
6222 data [idx + j] = (byte) (val & 0xFF);
6226 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
6227 if (!(v is Expression)){
6228 ulong val = (ulong) v;
6230 for (int j = 0; j < factor; ++j) {
6231 data [idx + j] = (byte) (val & 0xFF);
6235 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.float_type) {
6236 if (!(v is Expression)){
6237 element = BitConverter.GetBytes ((float) v);
6239 for (int j = 0; j < factor; ++j)
6240 data [idx + j] = element [j];
6242 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.double_type) {
6243 if (!(v is Expression)){
6244 element = BitConverter.GetBytes ((double) v);
6246 for (int j = 0; j < factor; ++j)
6247 data [idx + j] = element [j];
6249 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.char_type){
6250 if (!(v is Expression)){
6251 int val = (int) ((char) v);
6253 data [idx] = (byte) (val & 0xff);
6254 data [idx+1] = (byte) (val >> 8);
6256 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.short_type){
6257 if (!(v is Expression)){
6258 int val = (int) ((short) v);
6260 data [idx] = (byte) (val & 0xff);
6261 data [idx+1] = (byte) (val >> 8);
6263 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.ushort_type){
6264 if (!(v is Expression)){
6265 int val = (int) ((ushort) v);
6267 data [idx] = (byte) (val & 0xff);
6268 data [idx+1] = (byte) (val >> 8);
6270 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.int32_type) {
6271 if (!(v is Expression)){
6274 data [idx] = (byte) (val & 0xff);
6275 data [idx+1] = (byte) ((val >> 8) & 0xff);
6276 data [idx+2] = (byte) ((val >> 16) & 0xff);
6277 data [idx+3] = (byte) (val >> 24);
6279 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) {
6280 if (!(v is Expression)){
6281 uint val = (uint) v;
6283 data [idx] = (byte) (val & 0xff);
6284 data [idx+1] = (byte) ((val >> 8) & 0xff);
6285 data [idx+2] = (byte) ((val >> 16) & 0xff);
6286 data [idx+3] = (byte) (val >> 24);
6288 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type) {
6289 if (!(v is Expression)){
6290 sbyte val = (sbyte) v;
6291 data [idx] = (byte) val;
6293 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.byte_type) {
6294 if (!(v is Expression)){
6295 byte val = (byte) v;
6296 data [idx] = (byte) val;
6298 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.bool_type) {
6299 if (!(v is Expression)){
6300 bool val = (bool) v;
6301 data [idx] = (byte) (val ? 1 : 0);
6303 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.decimal_type){
6304 if (!(v is Expression)){
6305 int [] bits = Decimal.GetBits ((decimal) v);
6308 // FIXME: For some reason, this doesn't work on the MS runtime.
6309 int [] nbits = new int [4];
6310 nbits [0] = bits [3];
6311 nbits [1] = bits [2];
6312 nbits [2] = bits [0];
6313 nbits [3] = bits [1];
6315 for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++){
6316 data [p++] = (byte) (nbits [j] & 0xff);
6317 data [p++] = (byte) ((nbits [j] >> 8) & 0xff);
6318 data [p++] = (byte) ((nbits [j] >> 16) & 0xff);
6319 data [p++] = (byte) (nbits [j] >> 24);
6323 throw new Exception ("Unrecognized type in MakeByteBlob: " + underlying_type);
6332 // Emits the initializers for the array
6334 void EmitStaticInitializers (EmitContext ec)
6337 // First, the static data
6340 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6342 byte [] data = MakeByteBlob (array_data, underlying_type, loc);
6344 fb = RootContext.MakeStaticData (data);
6346 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
6347 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldtoken, fb);
6348 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call,
6349 TypeManager.void_initializearray_array_fieldhandle);
6353 // Emits pieces of the array that can not be computed at compile
6354 // time (variables and string locations).
6356 // This always expect the top value on the stack to be the array
6358 void EmitDynamicInitializers (EmitContext ec)
6360 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6361 int dims = bounds.Count;
6362 int [] current_pos = new int [dims];
6363 int top = array_data.Count;
6365 MethodInfo set = null;
6369 ModuleBuilder mb = null;
6370 mb = CodeGen.Module.Builder;
6371 args = new Type [dims + 1];
6374 for (j = 0; j < dims; j++)
6375 args [j] = TypeManager.int32_type;
6377 args [j] = array_element_type;
6379 set = mb.GetArrayMethod (
6381 CallingConventions.HasThis | CallingConventions.Standard,
6382 TypeManager.void_type, args);
6385 for (int i = 0; i < top; i++){
6387 Expression e = null;
6389 if (array_data [i] is Expression)
6390 e = (Expression) array_data [i];
6394 // Basically we do this for string literals and
6395 // other non-literal expressions
6397 if (e is EnumConstant){
6398 e = ((EnumConstant) e).Child;
6401 if (e is StringConstant || e is DecimalConstant || !(e is Constant) ||
6402 num_automatic_initializers <= max_automatic_initializers) {
6403 Type etype = e.Type;
6405 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
6407 for (int idx = 0; idx < dims; idx++)
6408 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, current_pos [idx]);
6411 // If we are dealing with a struct, get the
6412 // address of it, so we can store it.
6415 etype.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.value_type) &&
6416 (!TypeManager.IsBuiltinOrEnum (etype) ||
6417 etype == TypeManager.decimal_type)) {
6422 // Let new know that we are providing
6423 // the address where to store the results
6425 n.DisableTemporaryValueType ();
6428 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, etype);
6434 ArrayAccess.EmitStoreOpcode (ig, array_element_type);
6436 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, set);
6444 for (int j = dims - 1; j >= 0; j--){
6446 if (current_pos [j] < (int) bounds [j])
6448 current_pos [j] = 0;
6453 void EmitArrayArguments (EmitContext ec)
6455 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6457 foreach (Argument a in arguments) {
6458 Type atype = a.Type;
6461 if (atype == TypeManager.uint64_type)
6462 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_U4);
6463 else if (atype == TypeManager.int64_type)
6464 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I4);
6468 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6470 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6472 EmitArrayArguments (ec);
6473 if (is_one_dimensional)
6474 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newarr, array_element_type);
6476 if (is_builtin_type)
6477 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newobj, (ConstructorInfo) new_method);
6479 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newobj, (MethodInfo) new_method);
6482 if (initializers != null){
6484 // FIXME: Set this variable correctly.
6486 bool dynamic_initializers = true;
6488 // This will never be true for array types that cannot be statically
6489 // initialized. num_automatic_initializers will always be zero. See
6491 if (num_automatic_initializers > max_automatic_initializers)
6492 EmitStaticInitializers (ec);
6494 if (dynamic_initializers)
6495 EmitDynamicInitializers (ec);
6499 public object EncodeAsAttribute ()
6501 if (!is_one_dimensional){
6502 Report.Error (-211, Location, "attribute can not encode multi-dimensional arrays");
6506 if (array_data == null){
6507 Report.Error (-212, Location, "array should be initialized when passing it to an attribute");
6511 object [] ret = new object [array_data.Count];
6513 foreach (Expression e in array_data){
6516 if (e is NullLiteral)
6519 if (!Attribute.GetAttributeArgumentExpression (e, Location, out v))
6527 public Expression TurnIntoConstant ()
6530 // Should use something like the above attribute thing.
6531 // It should return a subclass of Constant that just returns
6532 // the computed value of the array
6534 throw new Exception ("Does not support yet Turning array into a Constant");
6539 /// Represents the `this' construct
6541 public class This : Expression, IAssignMethod, IMemoryLocation, IVariable {
6544 VariableInfo variable_info;
6546 public This (Block block, Location loc)
6552 public This (Location loc)
6557 public VariableInfo VariableInfo {
6558 get { return variable_info; }
6561 public bool VerifyFixed (bool is_expression)
6563 if ((variable_info == null) || (variable_info.LocalInfo == null))
6566 return variable_info.LocalInfo.IsFixed;
6569 public bool ResolveBase (EmitContext ec)
6571 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
6572 type = ec.ContainerType;
6575 Error (26, "Keyword this not valid in static code");
6579 if ((block != null) && (block.ThisVariable != null))
6580 variable_info = block.ThisVariable.VariableInfo;
6585 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6587 if (!ResolveBase (ec))
6590 if ((variable_info != null) && !variable_info.IsAssigned (ec)) {
6591 Error (188, "The this object cannot be used before all " +
6592 "of its fields are assigned to");
6593 variable_info.SetAssigned (ec);
6597 if (ec.IsFieldInitializer) {
6598 Error (27, "Keyword `this' can't be used outside a constructor, " +
6599 "a method or a property.");
6606 override public Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
6608 if (!ResolveBase (ec))
6611 if (variable_info != null)
6612 variable_info.SetAssigned (ec);
6614 if (ec.TypeContainer is Class){
6615 Error (1604, "Cannot assign to `this'");
6622 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6624 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6627 if (ec.TypeContainer is Struct)
6628 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldobj, type);
6631 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
6633 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6635 if (ec.TypeContainer is Struct){
6638 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stobj, type);
6641 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Starg, 0);
6645 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp mode)
6650 // FIGURE OUT WHY LDARG_S does not work
6652 // consider: struct X { int val; int P { set { val = value; }}}
6654 // Yes, this looks very bad. Look at `NOTAS' for
6656 // ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarga_S, (byte) 0);
6661 /// Represents the `__arglist' construct
6663 public class ArglistAccess : Expression
6665 public ArglistAccess (Location loc)
6670 public bool ResolveBase (EmitContext ec)
6672 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
6673 type = TypeManager.runtime_argument_handle_type;
6677 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6679 if (!ResolveBase (ec))
6682 if (ec.IsFieldInitializer || !ec.CurrentBlock.HasVarargs) {
6683 Error (190, "The __arglist construct is valid only within " +
6684 "a variable argument method.");
6691 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6693 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Arglist);
6698 /// Represents the `__arglist (....)' construct
6700 public class Arglist : Expression
6702 public readonly Argument[] Arguments;
6704 public Arglist (Argument[] args, Location l)
6710 public Type[] ArgumentTypes {
6712 Type[] retval = new Type [Arguments.Length];
6713 for (int i = 0; i < Arguments.Length; i++)
6714 retval [i] = Arguments [i].Type;
6719 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6721 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
6722 type = TypeManager.runtime_argument_handle_type;
6724 foreach (Argument arg in Arguments) {
6725 if (!arg.Resolve (ec, loc))
6732 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6734 foreach (Argument arg in Arguments)
6740 // This produces the value that renders an instance, used by the iterators code
6742 public class ProxyInstance : Expression, IMemoryLocation {
6743 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6745 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
6746 type = ec.ContainerType;
6750 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6752 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
6756 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp mode)
6758 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
6763 /// Implements the typeof operator
6765 public class TypeOf : Expression {
6766 public readonly Expression QueriedType;
6767 protected Type typearg;
6769 public TypeOf (Expression queried_type, Location l)
6771 QueriedType = queried_type;
6775 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6777 typearg = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (QueriedType, false, loc);
6779 if (typearg == null)
6782 if (typearg == TypeManager.void_type) {
6783 Error (673, "System.Void cannot be used from C# - " +
6784 "use typeof (void) to get the void type object");
6788 CheckObsoleteAttribute (typearg);
6790 type = TypeManager.type_type;
6791 eclass = ExprClass.Type;
6795 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6797 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldtoken, typearg);
6798 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, TypeManager.system_type_get_type_from_handle);
6801 public Type TypeArg {
6802 get { return typearg; }
6807 /// Implements the `typeof (void)' operator
6809 public class TypeOfVoid : TypeOf {
6810 public TypeOfVoid (Location l) : base (null, l)
6815 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6817 type = TypeManager.type_type;
6818 typearg = TypeManager.void_type;
6819 eclass = ExprClass.Type;
6825 /// Implements the sizeof expression
6827 public class SizeOf : Expression {
6828 public readonly Expression QueriedType;
6831 public SizeOf (Expression queried_type, Location l)
6833 this.QueriedType = queried_type;
6837 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6841 233, loc, "Sizeof may only be used in an unsafe context " +
6842 "(consider using System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.Sizeof");
6846 type_queried = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (QueriedType, false, loc);
6847 if (type_queried == null)
6850 CheckObsoleteAttribute (type_queried);
6852 if (!TypeManager.IsUnmanagedType (type_queried)){
6853 Report.Error (208, loc, "Cannot take the size of an unmanaged type (" + TypeManager.CSharpName (type_queried) + ")");
6857 type = TypeManager.int32_type;
6858 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
6862 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6864 int size = GetTypeSize (type_queried);
6867 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sizeof, type_queried);
6869 IntConstant.EmitInt (ec.ig, size);
6874 /// Implements the member access expression
6876 public class MemberAccess : Expression {
6877 public readonly string Identifier;
6880 public MemberAccess (Expression expr, string id, Location l)
6887 public Expression Expr {
6893 public static void error176 (Location loc, string name)
6895 Report.Error (176, loc, "Static member `" +
6896 name + "' cannot be accessed " +
6897 "with an instance reference, qualify with a " +
6898 "type name instead");
6901 static bool IdenticalNameAndTypeName (EmitContext ec, Expression left_original, Expression left, Location loc)
6903 SimpleName sn = left_original as SimpleName;
6904 if (sn == null || left == null || left.Type.Name != sn.Name)
6907 return RootContext.LookupType (ec.DeclSpace, sn.Name, true, loc) != null;
6910 public static Expression ResolveMemberAccess (EmitContext ec, Expression member_lookup,
6911 Expression left, Location loc,
6912 Expression left_original)
6914 bool left_is_type, left_is_explicit;
6916 // If `left' is null, then we're called from SimpleNameResolve and this is
6917 // a member in the currently defining class.
6919 left_is_type = ec.IsStatic || ec.IsFieldInitializer;
6920 left_is_explicit = false;
6922 // Implicitly default to `this' unless we're static.
6923 if (!ec.IsStatic && !ec.IsFieldInitializer && !ec.InEnumContext)
6924 left = ec.GetThis (loc);
6926 left_is_type = left is TypeExpr;
6927 left_is_explicit = true;
6930 if (member_lookup is FieldExpr){
6931 FieldExpr fe = (FieldExpr) member_lookup;
6932 FieldInfo fi = fe.FieldInfo;
6933 Type decl_type = fi.DeclaringType;
6935 if (fi is FieldBuilder) {
6936 Const c = TypeManager.LookupConstant ((FieldBuilder) fi);
6940 if (!c.LookupConstantValue (out o))
6943 object real_value = ((Constant) c.Expr).GetValue ();
6945 return Constantify (real_value, fi.FieldType);
6950 Type t = fi.FieldType;
6954 if (fi is FieldBuilder)
6955 o = TypeManager.GetValue ((FieldBuilder) fi);
6957 o = fi.GetValue (fi);
6959 if (decl_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type)) {
6960 if (left_is_explicit && !left_is_type &&
6961 !IdenticalNameAndTypeName (ec, left_original, member_lookup, loc)) {
6962 error176 (loc, fe.FieldInfo.Name);
6966 Expression enum_member = MemberLookup (
6967 ec, decl_type, "value__", MemberTypes.Field,
6968 AllBindingFlags, loc);
6970 Enum en = TypeManager.LookupEnum (decl_type);
6974 c = Constantify (o, en.UnderlyingType);
6976 c = Constantify (o, enum_member.Type);
6978 return new EnumConstant (c, decl_type);
6981 Expression exp = Constantify (o, t);
6983 if (left_is_explicit && !left_is_type) {
6984 error176 (loc, fe.FieldInfo.Name);
6991 if (fi.FieldType.IsPointer && !ec.InUnsafe){
6997 if (member_lookup is EventExpr) {
6998 EventExpr ee = (EventExpr) member_lookup;
7001 // If the event is local to this class, we transform ourselves into
7005 if (ee.EventInfo.DeclaringType == ec.ContainerType ||
7006 TypeManager.IsNestedChildOf(ec.ContainerType, ee.EventInfo.DeclaringType)) {
7007 MemberInfo mi = GetFieldFromEvent (ee);
7011 // If this happens, then we have an event with its own
7012 // accessors and private field etc so there's no need
7013 // to transform ourselves.
7015 ee.InstanceExpression = left;
7019 Expression ml = ExprClassFromMemberInfo (ec, mi, loc);
7022 Report.Error (-200, loc, "Internal error!!");
7026 if (!left_is_explicit)
7029 ee.InstanceExpression = left;
7031 return ResolveMemberAccess (ec, ml, left, loc, left_original);
7035 if (member_lookup is IMemberExpr) {
7036 IMemberExpr me = (IMemberExpr) member_lookup;
7037 MethodGroupExpr mg = me as MethodGroupExpr;
7040 if ((mg != null) && left_is_explicit && left.Type.IsInterface)
7041 mg.IsExplicitImpl = left_is_explicit;
7044 if ((ec.IsFieldInitializer || ec.IsStatic) &&
7045 IdenticalNameAndTypeName (ec, left_original, member_lookup, loc))
7046 return member_lookup;
7048 SimpleName.Error_ObjectRefRequired (ec, loc, me.Name);
7053 if (!me.IsInstance) {
7054 if (IdenticalNameAndTypeName (ec, left_original, left, loc))
7055 return member_lookup;
7057 if (left_is_explicit) {
7058 error176 (loc, me.Name);
7064 // Since we can not check for instance objects in SimpleName,
7065 // becaue of the rule that allows types and variables to share
7066 // the name (as long as they can be de-ambiguated later, see
7067 // IdenticalNameAndTypeName), we have to check whether left
7068 // is an instance variable in a static context
7070 // However, if the left-hand value is explicitly given, then
7071 // it is already our instance expression, so we aren't in
7075 if (ec.IsStatic && !left_is_explicit && left is IMemberExpr){
7076 IMemberExpr mexp = (IMemberExpr) left;
7078 if (!mexp.IsStatic){
7079 SimpleName.Error_ObjectRefRequired (ec, loc, mexp.Name);
7084 if ((mg != null) && IdenticalNameAndTypeName (ec, left_original, left, loc))
7085 mg.IdenticalTypeName = true;
7087 me.InstanceExpression = left;
7090 return member_lookup;
7093 Console.WriteLine ("Left is: " + left);
7094 Report.Error (-100, loc, "Support for [" + member_lookup + "] is not present yet");
7095 Environment.Exit (1);
7099 public Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side, ResolveFlags flags)
7102 throw new Exception ();
7105 // Resolve the expression with flow analysis turned off, we'll do the definite
7106 // assignment checks later. This is because we don't know yet what the expression
7107 // will resolve to - it may resolve to a FieldExpr and in this case we must do the
7108 // definite assignment check on the actual field and not on the whole struct.
7111 Expression original = expr;
7112 expr = expr.Resolve (ec, flags | ResolveFlags.DisableFlowAnalysis);
7116 if (expr is SimpleName){
7117 SimpleName child_expr = (SimpleName) expr;
7119 Expression new_expr = new SimpleName (child_expr.Name, Identifier, loc);
7121 return new_expr.Resolve (ec, flags);
7125 // TODO: I mailed Ravi about this, and apparently we can get rid
7126 // of this and put it in the right place.
7128 // Handle enums here when they are in transit.
7129 // Note that we cannot afford to hit MemberLookup in this case because
7130 // it will fail to find any members at all
7133 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
7134 if (expr is TypeExpr){
7135 if (!ec.DeclSpace.CheckAccessLevel (expr_type)){
7136 Report.Error_T (122, loc, expr_type);
7140 if (expr_type == TypeManager.enum_type || expr_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type)){
7141 Enum en = TypeManager.LookupEnum (expr_type);
7144 object value = en.LookupEnumValue (ec, Identifier, loc);
7147 ObsoleteAttribute oa = en.GetObsoleteAttribute (ec, Identifier);
7149 AttributeTester.Report_ObsoleteMessage (oa, en.GetSignatureForError (), Location);
7152 Constant c = Constantify (value, en.UnderlyingType);
7153 return new EnumConstant (c, expr_type);
7156 CheckObsoleteAttribute (expr_type);
7158 FieldInfo fi = expr_type.GetField (Identifier);
7160 ObsoleteAttribute oa = AttributeTester.GetMemberObsoleteAttribute (fi);
7162 AttributeTester.Report_ObsoleteMessage (oa, TypeManager.GetFullNameSignature (fi), Location);
7168 if (expr_type.IsPointer){
7169 Error (23, "The `.' operator can not be applied to pointer operands (" +
7170 TypeManager.CSharpName (expr_type) + ")");
7174 Expression member_lookup;
7175 member_lookup = MemberLookupFinal (ec, expr_type, expr_type, Identifier, loc);
7176 if (member_lookup == null)
7179 if (member_lookup is TypeExpr) {
7180 if (!(expr is TypeExpr) && !(expr is SimpleName)) {
7181 Error (572, "Can't reference type `" + Identifier + "' through an expression; try `" +
7182 member_lookup.Type + "' instead");
7186 return member_lookup;
7189 member_lookup = ResolveMemberAccess (ec, member_lookup, expr, loc, original);
7190 if (member_lookup == null)
7193 // The following DoResolve/DoResolveLValue will do the definite assignment
7196 if (right_side != null)
7197 member_lookup = member_lookup.DoResolveLValue (ec, right_side);
7199 member_lookup = member_lookup.DoResolve (ec);
7201 return member_lookup;
7204 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
7206 return DoResolve (ec, null, ResolveFlags.VariableOrValue |
7207 ResolveFlags.SimpleName | ResolveFlags.Type);
7210 public override Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
7212 return DoResolve (ec, right_side, ResolveFlags.VariableOrValue |
7213 ResolveFlags.SimpleName | ResolveFlags.Type);
7216 public override Expression ResolveAsTypeStep (EmitContext ec)
7218 string fname = null;
7219 MemberAccess full_expr = this;
7220 while (full_expr != null) {
7222 fname = String.Concat (full_expr.Identifier, ".", fname);
7224 fname = full_expr.Identifier;
7226 if (full_expr.Expr is SimpleName) {
7227 string full_name = String.Concat (((SimpleName) full_expr.Expr).Name, ".", fname);
7228 Type fully_qualified = ec.DeclSpace.FindType (loc, full_name);
7229 if (fully_qualified != null)
7230 return new TypeExpression (fully_qualified, loc);
7233 full_expr = full_expr.Expr as MemberAccess;
7236 Expression new_expr = expr.ResolveAsTypeStep (ec);
7238 if (new_expr == null)
7241 if (new_expr is SimpleName){
7242 SimpleName child_expr = (SimpleName) new_expr;
7244 new_expr = new SimpleName (child_expr.Name, Identifier, loc);
7246 return new_expr.ResolveAsTypeStep (ec);
7249 Type expr_type = new_expr.Type;
7251 if (expr_type.IsPointer){
7252 Error (23, "The `.' operator can not be applied to pointer operands (" +
7253 TypeManager.CSharpName (expr_type) + ")");
7257 Expression member_lookup;
7258 member_lookup = MemberLookupFinal (ec, expr_type, expr_type, Identifier, loc);
7259 if (member_lookup == null)
7262 if (member_lookup is TypeExpr){
7263 member_lookup.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.Type);
7264 return member_lookup;
7270 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
7272 throw new Exception ("Should not happen");
7275 public override string ToString ()
7277 return expr + "." + Identifier;
7282 /// Implements checked expressions
7284 public class CheckedExpr : Expression {
7286 public Expression Expr;
7288 public CheckedExpr (Expression e, Location l)
7294 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
7296 bool last_check = ec.CheckState;
7297 bool last_const_check = ec.ConstantCheckState;
7299 ec.CheckState = true;
7300 ec.ConstantCheckState = true;
7301 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
7302 ec.CheckState = last_check;
7303 ec.ConstantCheckState = last_const_check;
7308 if (Expr is Constant)
7311 eclass = Expr.eclass;
7316 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
7318 bool last_check = ec.CheckState;
7319 bool last_const_check = ec.ConstantCheckState;
7321 ec.CheckState = true;
7322 ec.ConstantCheckState = true;
7324 ec.CheckState = last_check;
7325 ec.ConstantCheckState = last_const_check;
7331 /// Implements the unchecked expression
7333 public class UnCheckedExpr : Expression {
7335 public Expression Expr;
7337 public UnCheckedExpr (Expression e, Location l)
7343 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
7345 bool last_check = ec.CheckState;
7346 bool last_const_check = ec.ConstantCheckState;
7348 ec.CheckState = false;
7349 ec.ConstantCheckState = false;
7350 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
7351 ec.CheckState = last_check;
7352 ec.ConstantCheckState = last_const_check;
7357 if (Expr is Constant)
7360 eclass = Expr.eclass;
7365 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
7367 bool last_check = ec.CheckState;
7368 bool last_const_check = ec.ConstantCheckState;
7370 ec.CheckState = false;
7371 ec.ConstantCheckState = false;
7373 ec.CheckState = last_check;
7374 ec.ConstantCheckState = last_const_check;
7380 /// An Element Access expression.
7382 /// During semantic analysis these are transformed into
7383 /// IndexerAccess, ArrayAccess or a PointerArithmetic.
7385 public class ElementAccess : Expression {
7386 public ArrayList Arguments;
7387 public Expression Expr;
7389 public ElementAccess (Expression e, ArrayList e_list, Location l)
7398 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
7399 foreach (Expression tmp in e_list)
7400 Arguments.Add (new Argument (tmp, Argument.AType.Expression));
7404 bool CommonResolve (EmitContext ec)
7406 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
7411 if (Arguments == null)
7414 foreach (Argument a in Arguments){
7415 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
7422 Expression MakePointerAccess ()
7426 if (t == TypeManager.void_ptr_type){
7427 Error (242, "The array index operation is not valid for void pointers");
7430 if (Arguments.Count != 1){
7431 Error (196, "A pointer must be indexed by a single value");
7436 p = new PointerArithmetic (true, Expr, ((Argument)Arguments [0]).Expr, t, loc);
7437 return new Indirection (p, loc);
7440 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
7442 if (!CommonResolve (ec))
7446 // We perform some simple tests, and then to "split" the emit and store
7447 // code we create an instance of a different class, and return that.
7449 // I am experimenting with this pattern.
7453 if (t == TypeManager.array_type){
7454 Report.Error (21, loc, "Cannot use indexer on System.Array");
7459 return (new ArrayAccess (this, loc)).Resolve (ec);
7460 else if (t.IsPointer)
7461 return MakePointerAccess ();
7463 return (new IndexerAccess (this, loc)).Resolve (ec);
7466 public override Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
7468 if (!CommonResolve (ec))
7473 return (new ArrayAccess (this, loc)).ResolveLValue (ec, right_side);
7474 else if (t.IsPointer)
7475 return MakePointerAccess ();
7477 return (new IndexerAccess (this, loc)).ResolveLValue (ec, right_side);
7480 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
7482 throw new Exception ("Should never be reached");
7487 /// Implements array access
7489 public class ArrayAccess : Expression, IAssignMethod, IMemoryLocation {
7491 // Points to our "data" repository
7495 LocalTemporary [] cached_locations;
7497 public ArrayAccess (ElementAccess ea_data, Location l)
7500 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
7504 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
7507 ExprClass eclass = ea.Expr.eclass;
7509 // As long as the type is valid
7510 if (!(eclass == ExprClass.Variable || eclass == ExprClass.PropertyAccess ||
7511 eclass == ExprClass.Value)) {
7512 ea.Expr.Error_UnexpectedKind ("variable or value");
7517 Type t = ea.Expr.Type;
7518 if (t.GetArrayRank () != ea.Arguments.Count){
7520 "Incorrect number of indexes for array " +
7521 " expected: " + t.GetArrayRank () + " got: " +
7522 ea.Arguments.Count);
7526 type = TypeManager.GetElementType (t);
7527 if (type.IsPointer && !ec.InUnsafe){
7528 UnsafeError (ea.Location);
7532 foreach (Argument a in ea.Arguments){
7533 Type argtype = a.Type;
7535 if (argtype == TypeManager.int32_type ||
7536 argtype == TypeManager.uint32_type ||
7537 argtype == TypeManager.int64_type ||
7538 argtype == TypeManager.uint64_type)
7542 // Mhm. This is strage, because the Argument.Type is not the same as
7543 // Argument.Expr.Type: the value changes depending on the ref/out setting.
7545 // Wonder if I will run into trouble for this.
7547 a.Expr = ExpressionToArrayArgument (ec, a.Expr, ea.Location);
7552 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
7558 /// Emits the right opcode to load an object of Type `t'
7559 /// from an array of T
7561 static public void EmitLoadOpcode (ILGenerator ig, Type type)
7563 if (type == TypeManager.byte_type || type == TypeManager.bool_type)
7564 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_U1);
7565 else if (type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
7566 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I1);
7567 else if (type == TypeManager.short_type)
7568 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I2);
7569 else if (type == TypeManager.ushort_type || type == TypeManager.char_type)
7570 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_U2);
7571 else if (type == TypeManager.int32_type)
7572 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I4);
7573 else if (type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
7574 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_U4);
7575 else if (type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
7576 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I8);
7577 else if (type == TypeManager.int64_type)
7578 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I8);
7579 else if (type == TypeManager.float_type)
7580 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_R4);
7581 else if (type == TypeManager.double_type)
7582 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_R8);
7583 else if (type == TypeManager.intptr_type)
7584 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I);
7585 else if (TypeManager.IsEnumType (type)){
7586 EmitLoadOpcode (ig, TypeManager.EnumToUnderlying (type));
7587 } else if (type.IsValueType){
7588 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, type);
7589 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldobj, type);
7591 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_Ref);
7595 /// Emits the right opcode to store an object of Type `t'
7596 /// from an array of T.
7598 static public void EmitStoreOpcode (ILGenerator ig, Type t)
7601 OpCode op = GetStoreOpcode (t, out is_stobj);
7603 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stobj, t);
7609 /// Returns the right opcode to store an object of Type `t'
7610 /// from an array of T.
7612 static public OpCode GetStoreOpcode (Type t, out bool is_stobj)
7614 //Console.WriteLine (new System.Diagnostics.StackTrace ());
7616 t = TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (t);
7617 if (TypeManager.IsEnumType (t) && t != TypeManager.enum_type)
7618 t = TypeManager.EnumToUnderlying (t);
7619 if (t == TypeManager.byte_type || t == TypeManager.sbyte_type ||
7620 t == TypeManager.bool_type)
7621 return OpCodes.Stelem_I1;
7622 else if (t == TypeManager.short_type || t == TypeManager.ushort_type ||
7623 t == TypeManager.char_type)
7624 return OpCodes.Stelem_I2;
7625 else if (t == TypeManager.int32_type || t == TypeManager.uint32_type)
7626 return OpCodes.Stelem_I4;
7627 else if (t == TypeManager.int64_type || t == TypeManager.uint64_type)
7628 return OpCodes.Stelem_I8;
7629 else if (t == TypeManager.float_type)
7630 return OpCodes.Stelem_R4;
7631 else if (t == TypeManager.double_type)
7632 return OpCodes.Stelem_R8;
7633 else if (t == TypeManager.intptr_type) {
7635 return OpCodes.Stobj;
7636 } else if (t.IsValueType) {
7638 return OpCodes.Stobj;
7640 return OpCodes.Stelem_Ref;
7643 MethodInfo FetchGetMethod ()
7645 ModuleBuilder mb = CodeGen.Module.Builder;
7646 int arg_count = ea.Arguments.Count;
7647 Type [] args = new Type [arg_count];
7650 for (int i = 0; i < arg_count; i++){
7651 //args [i++] = a.Type;
7652 args [i] = TypeManager.int32_type;
7655 get = mb.GetArrayMethod (
7656 ea.Expr.Type, "Get",
7657 CallingConventions.HasThis |
7658 CallingConventions.Standard,
7664 MethodInfo FetchAddressMethod ()
7666 ModuleBuilder mb = CodeGen.Module.Builder;
7667 int arg_count = ea.Arguments.Count;
7668 Type [] args = new Type [arg_count];
7672 ret_type = TypeManager.GetReferenceType (type);
7674 for (int i = 0; i < arg_count; i++){
7675 //args [i++] = a.Type;
7676 args [i] = TypeManager.int32_type;
7679 address = mb.GetArrayMethod (
7680 ea.Expr.Type, "Address",
7681 CallingConventions.HasThis |
7682 CallingConventions.Standard,
7689 // Load the array arguments into the stack.
7691 // If we have been requested to cache the values (cached_locations array
7692 // initialized), then load the arguments the first time and store them
7693 // in locals. otherwise load from local variables.
7695 void LoadArrayAndArguments (EmitContext ec)
7697 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
7699 if (cached_locations == null){
7701 foreach (Argument a in ea.Arguments){
7702 Type argtype = a.Expr.Type;
7706 if (argtype == TypeManager.int64_type)
7707 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I);
7708 else if (argtype == TypeManager.uint64_type)
7709 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I_Un);
7714 if (cached_locations [0] == null){
7715 cached_locations [0] = new LocalTemporary (ec, ea.Expr.Type);
7717 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
7718 cached_locations [0].Store (ec);
7722 foreach (Argument a in ea.Arguments){
7723 Type argtype = a.Expr.Type;
7725 cached_locations [j] = new LocalTemporary (ec, TypeManager.intptr_type /* a.Expr.Type */);
7727 if (argtype == TypeManager.int64_type)
7728 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I);
7729 else if (argtype == TypeManager.uint64_type)
7730 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I_Un);
7732 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
7733 cached_locations [j].Store (ec);
7739 foreach (LocalTemporary lt in cached_locations)
7743 public new void CacheTemporaries (EmitContext ec)
7745 cached_locations = new LocalTemporary [ea.Arguments.Count + 1];
7748 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
7750 int rank = ea.Expr.Type.GetArrayRank ();
7751 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
7753 LoadArrayAndArguments (ec);
7756 EmitLoadOpcode (ig, type);
7760 method = FetchGetMethod ();
7761 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, method);
7765 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
7767 int rank = ea.Expr.Type.GetArrayRank ();
7768 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
7769 Type t = source.Type;
7771 LoadArrayAndArguments (ec);
7774 // The stobj opcode used by value types will need
7775 // an address on the stack, not really an array/array
7779 if (t == TypeManager.enum_type || t == TypeManager.decimal_type ||
7780 (t.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.value_type) && !TypeManager.IsEnumType (t) && !TypeManager.IsBuiltinType (t)))
7781 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, t);
7787 EmitStoreOpcode (ig, t);
7789 ModuleBuilder mb = CodeGen.Module.Builder;
7790 int arg_count = ea.Arguments.Count;
7791 Type [] args = new Type [arg_count + 1];
7794 for (int i = 0; i < arg_count; i++){
7795 //args [i++] = a.Type;
7796 args [i] = TypeManager.int32_type;
7799 args [arg_count] = type;
7801 set = mb.GetArrayMethod (
7802 ea.Expr.Type, "Set",
7803 CallingConventions.HasThis |
7804 CallingConventions.Standard,
7805 TypeManager.void_type, args);
7807 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, set);
7811 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp mode)
7813 int rank = ea.Expr.Type.GetArrayRank ();
7814 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
7816 LoadArrayAndArguments (ec);
7819 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, type);
7821 MethodInfo address = FetchAddressMethod ();
7822 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, address);
7829 public ArrayList Properties;
7830 static Hashtable map;
7832 public struct Indexer {
7833 public readonly Type Type;
7834 public readonly MethodInfo Getter, Setter;
7836 public Indexer (Type type, MethodInfo get, MethodInfo set)
7846 map = new Hashtable ();
7851 Properties = new ArrayList ();
7854 void Append (MemberInfo [] mi)
7856 foreach (PropertyInfo property in mi){
7857 MethodInfo get, set;
7859 get = property.GetGetMethod (true);
7860 set = property.GetSetMethod (true);
7861 Properties.Add (new Indexer (property.PropertyType, get, set));
7865 static private MemberInfo [] GetIndexersForTypeOrInterface (Type caller_type, Type lookup_type)
7867 string p_name = TypeManager.IndexerPropertyName (lookup_type);
7869 MemberInfo [] mi = TypeManager.MemberLookup (
7870 caller_type, caller_type, lookup_type, MemberTypes.Property,
7871 BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance |
7872 BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly, p_name, null);
7874 if (mi == null || mi.Length == 0)
7880 static public Indexers GetIndexersForType (Type caller_type, Type lookup_type, Location loc)
7882 Indexers ix = (Indexers) map [lookup_type];
7887 Type copy = lookup_type;
7888 while (copy != TypeManager.object_type && copy != null){
7889 MemberInfo [] mi = GetIndexersForTypeOrInterface (caller_type, copy);
7893 ix = new Indexers ();
7898 copy = copy.BaseType;
7901 if (!lookup_type.IsInterface)
7904 TypeExpr [] ifaces = TypeManager.GetInterfaces (lookup_type);
7905 if (ifaces != null) {
7906 foreach (TypeExpr iface in ifaces) {
7907 Type itype = iface.Type;
7908 MemberInfo [] mi = GetIndexersForTypeOrInterface (caller_type, itype);
7911 ix = new Indexers ();
7923 /// Expressions that represent an indexer call.
7925 public class IndexerAccess : Expression, IAssignMethod {
7927 // Points to our "data" repository
7929 MethodInfo get, set;
7930 ArrayList set_arguments;
7931 bool is_base_indexer;
7933 protected Type indexer_type;
7934 protected Type current_type;
7935 protected Expression instance_expr;
7936 protected ArrayList arguments;
7938 public IndexerAccess (ElementAccess ea, Location loc)
7939 : this (ea.Expr, false, loc)
7941 this.arguments = ea.Arguments;
7944 protected IndexerAccess (Expression instance_expr, bool is_base_indexer,
7947 this.instance_expr = instance_expr;
7948 this.is_base_indexer = is_base_indexer;
7949 this.eclass = ExprClass.Value;
7953 protected virtual bool CommonResolve (EmitContext ec)
7955 indexer_type = instance_expr.Type;
7956 current_type = ec.ContainerType;
7961 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
7963 ArrayList AllGetters = new ArrayList();
7964 if (!CommonResolve (ec))
7968 // Step 1: Query for all `Item' *properties*. Notice
7969 // that the actual methods are pointed from here.
7971 // This is a group of properties, piles of them.
7973 bool found_any = false, found_any_getters = false;
7974 Type lookup_type = indexer_type;
7977 ilist = Indexers.GetIndexersForType (current_type, lookup_type, loc);
7978 if (ilist != null) {
7980 if (ilist.Properties != null) {
7981 foreach (Indexers.Indexer ix in ilist.Properties) {
7982 if (ix.Getter != null)
7983 AllGetters.Add(ix.Getter);
7988 if (AllGetters.Count > 0) {
7989 found_any_getters = true;
7990 get = (MethodInfo) Invocation.OverloadResolve (
7991 ec, new MethodGroupExpr (AllGetters, loc), arguments, loc);
7995 Report.Error (21, loc,
7996 "Type `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (indexer_type) +
7997 "' does not have any indexers defined");
8001 if (!found_any_getters) {
8002 Error (154, "indexer can not be used in this context, because " +
8003 "it lacks a `get' accessor");
8008 Error (1501, "No Overload for method `this' takes `" +
8009 arguments.Count + "' arguments");
8014 // Only base will allow this invocation to happen.
8016 if (get.IsAbstract && this is BaseIndexerAccess){
8017 Report.Error (205, loc, "Cannot call an abstract base indexer: " + Invocation.FullMethodDesc (get));
8021 type = get.ReturnType;
8022 if (type.IsPointer && !ec.InUnsafe){
8027 eclass = ExprClass.IndexerAccess;
8031 public override Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
8033 ArrayList AllSetters = new ArrayList();
8034 if (!CommonResolve (ec))
8037 bool found_any = false, found_any_setters = false;
8039 Indexers ilist = Indexers.GetIndexersForType (current_type, indexer_type, loc);
8040 if (ilist != null) {
8042 if (ilist.Properties != null) {
8043 foreach (Indexers.Indexer ix in ilist.Properties) {
8044 if (ix.Setter != null)
8045 AllSetters.Add(ix.Setter);
8049 if (AllSetters.Count > 0) {
8050 found_any_setters = true;
8051 set_arguments = (ArrayList) arguments.Clone ();
8052 set_arguments.Add (new Argument (right_side, Argument.AType.Expression));
8053 set = (MethodInfo) Invocation.OverloadResolve (
8054 ec, new MethodGroupExpr (AllSetters, loc),
8055 set_arguments, loc);
8059 Report.Error (21, loc,
8060 "Type `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (indexer_type) +
8061 "' does not have any indexers defined");
8065 if (!found_any_setters) {
8066 Error (154, "indexer can not be used in this context, because " +
8067 "it lacks a `set' accessor");
8072 Error (1501, "No Overload for method `this' takes `" +
8073 arguments.Count + "' arguments");
8078 // Only base will allow this invocation to happen.
8080 if (set.IsAbstract && this is BaseIndexerAccess){
8081 Report.Error (205, loc, "Cannot call an abstract base indexer: " + Invocation.FullMethodDesc (set));
8086 // Now look for the actual match in the list of indexers to set our "return" type
8088 type = TypeManager.void_type; // default value
8089 foreach (Indexers.Indexer ix in ilist.Properties){
8090 if (ix.Setter == set){
8096 eclass = ExprClass.IndexerAccess;
8100 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
8102 Invocation.EmitCall (ec, is_base_indexer, false, instance_expr, get, arguments, loc);
8106 // source is ignored, because we already have a copy of it from the
8107 // LValue resolution and we have already constructed a pre-cached
8108 // version of the arguments (ea.set_arguments);
8110 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
8112 Invocation.EmitCall (ec, is_base_indexer, false, instance_expr, set, set_arguments, loc);
8117 /// The base operator for method names
8119 public class BaseAccess : Expression {
8122 public BaseAccess (string member, Location l)
8124 this.member = member;
8128 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
8130 Expression c = CommonResolve (ec);
8136 // MethodGroups use this opportunity to flag an error on lacking ()
8138 if (!(c is MethodGroupExpr))
8139 return c.Resolve (ec);
8143 public override Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
8145 Expression c = CommonResolve (ec);
8151 // MethodGroups use this opportunity to flag an error on lacking ()
8153 if (! (c is MethodGroupExpr))
8154 return c.DoResolveLValue (ec, right_side);
8159 Expression CommonResolve (EmitContext ec)
8161 Expression member_lookup;
8162 Type current_type = ec.ContainerType;
8163 Type base_type = current_type.BaseType;
8167 Error (1511, "Keyword base is not allowed in static method");
8171 if (ec.IsFieldInitializer){
8172 Error (1512, "Keyword base is not available in the current context");
8176 member_lookup = MemberLookup (ec, ec.ContainerType, null, base_type, member,
8177 AllMemberTypes, AllBindingFlags, loc);
8178 if (member_lookup == null) {
8179 MemberLookupFailed (ec, base_type, base_type, member, null, loc);
8186 left = new TypeExpression (base_type, loc);
8188 left = ec.GetThis (loc);
8190 e = MemberAccess.ResolveMemberAccess (ec, member_lookup, left, loc, null);
8192 if (e is PropertyExpr){
8193 PropertyExpr pe = (PropertyExpr) e;
8201 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
8203 throw new Exception ("Should never be called");
8208 /// The base indexer operator
8210 public class BaseIndexerAccess : IndexerAccess {
8211 public BaseIndexerAccess (ArrayList args, Location loc)
8212 : base (null, true, loc)
8214 arguments = new ArrayList ();
8215 foreach (Expression tmp in args)
8216 arguments.Add (new Argument (tmp, Argument.AType.Expression));
8219 protected override bool CommonResolve (EmitContext ec)
8221 instance_expr = ec.GetThis (loc);
8223 current_type = ec.ContainerType.BaseType;
8224 indexer_type = current_type;
8226 foreach (Argument a in arguments){
8227 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
8236 /// This class exists solely to pass the Type around and to be a dummy
8237 /// that can be passed to the conversion functions (this is used by
8238 /// foreach implementation to typecast the object return value from
8239 /// get_Current into the proper type. All code has been generated and
8240 /// we only care about the side effect conversions to be performed
8242 /// This is also now used as a placeholder where a no-action expression
8243 /// is needed (the `New' class).
8245 public class EmptyExpression : Expression {
8246 public EmptyExpression ()
8248 type = TypeManager.object_type;
8249 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
8250 loc = Location.Null;
8253 public EmptyExpression (Type t)
8256 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
8257 loc = Location.Null;
8260 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
8265 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
8267 // nothing, as we only exist to not do anything.
8271 // This is just because we might want to reuse this bad boy
8272 // instead of creating gazillions of EmptyExpressions.
8273 // (CanImplicitConversion uses it)
8275 public void SetType (Type t)
8281 public class UserCast : Expression {
8285 public UserCast (MethodInfo method, Expression source, Location l)
8287 this.method = method;
8288 this.source = source;
8289 type = method.ReturnType;
8290 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
8294 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
8297 // We are born fully resolved
8302 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
8304 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
8308 if (method is MethodInfo)
8309 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method);
8311 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
8317 // This class is used to "construct" the type during a typecast
8318 // operation. Since the Type.GetType class in .NET can parse
8319 // the type specification, we just use this to construct the type
8320 // one bit at a time.
8322 public class ComposedCast : TypeExpr {
8326 public ComposedCast (Expression left, string dim, Location l)
8333 public override TypeExpr DoResolveAsTypeStep (EmitContext ec)
8335 Type ltype = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (left, false, loc);
8339 if ((ltype == TypeManager.void_type) && (dim != "*")) {
8340 Report.Error (1547, Location,
8341 "Keyword 'void' cannot be used in this context");
8346 // ltype.Fullname is already fully qualified, so we can skip
8347 // a lot of probes, and go directly to TypeManager.LookupType
8349 string cname = ltype.FullName + dim;
8350 type = TypeManager.LookupTypeDirect (cname);
8353 // For arrays of enumerations we are having a problem
8354 // with the direct lookup. Need to investigate.
8356 // For now, fall back to the full lookup in that case.
8358 type = RootContext.LookupType (
8359 ec.DeclSpace, cname, false, loc);
8365 if (!ec.ResolvingTypeTree){
8367 // If the above flag is set, this is being invoked from the ResolveType function.
8368 // Upper layers take care of the type validity in this context.
8370 if (!ec.InUnsafe && type.IsPointer){
8376 eclass = ExprClass.Type;
8380 public override string Name {
8388 // This class is used to represent the address of an array, used
8389 // only by the Fixed statement, this is like the C "&a [0]" construct.
8391 public class ArrayPtr : Expression {
8394 public ArrayPtr (Expression array, Location l)
8396 Type array_type = TypeManager.GetElementType (array.Type);
8400 type = TypeManager.GetPointerType (array_type);
8401 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
8405 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
8407 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
8410 IntLiteral.EmitInt (ig, 0);
8411 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, TypeManager.GetElementType (array.Type));
8414 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
8417 // We are born fully resolved
8424 // Used by the fixed statement
8426 public class StringPtr : Expression {
8429 public StringPtr (LocalBuilder b, Location l)
8432 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
8433 type = TypeManager.char_ptr_type;
8437 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
8439 // This should never be invoked, we are born in fully
8440 // initialized state.
8445 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
8447 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
8449 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, b);
8450 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I);
8451 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, TypeManager.int_get_offset_to_string_data);
8452 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
8457 // Implements the `stackalloc' keyword
8459 public class StackAlloc : Expression {
8464 public StackAlloc (Expression type, Expression count, Location l)
8471 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
8473 count = count.Resolve (ec);
8477 if (count.Type != TypeManager.int32_type){
8478 count = Convert.ImplicitConversionRequired (ec, count, TypeManager.int32_type, loc);
8483 if (ec.CurrentBranching.InCatch () ||
8484 ec.CurrentBranching.InFinally (true)) {
8486 "stackalloc can not be used in a catch or finally block");
8490 otype = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (t, false, loc);
8495 if (!TypeManager.VerifyUnManaged (otype, loc))
8498 type = TypeManager.GetPointerType (otype);
8499 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
8504 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
8506 int size = GetTypeSize (otype);
8507 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
8510 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sizeof, otype);
8512 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, size);
8514 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Mul);
8515 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Localloc);