2 // expression.cs: Expression representation for the IL tree.
5 // Miguel de Icaza (miguel@ximian.com)
7 // (C) 2001 Ximian, Inc.
12 namespace Mono.CSharp {
14 using System.Collections;
15 using System.Reflection;
16 using System.Reflection.Emit;
20 /// This is just a helper class, it is generated by Unary, UnaryMutator
21 /// when an overloaded method has been found. It just emits the code for a
24 public class StaticCallExpr : ExpressionStatement {
28 StaticCallExpr (MethodInfo m, ArrayList a, Location l)
34 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
38 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
41 // We are born fully resolved
46 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
49 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, mi, args);
51 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, mi);
55 static public Expression MakeSimpleCall (EmitContext ec, MethodGroupExpr mg,
56 Expression e, Location loc)
61 args = new ArrayList (1);
62 args.Add (new Argument (e, Argument.AType.Expression));
63 method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (ec, (MethodGroupExpr) mg, args, loc);
68 return new StaticCallExpr ((MethodInfo) method, args, loc);
71 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
74 if (TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (type) != TypeManager.void_type)
75 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
80 /// Unary expressions.
84 /// Unary implements unary expressions. It derives from
85 /// ExpressionStatement becuase the pre/post increment/decrement
86 /// operators can be used in a statement context.
88 public class Unary : Expression {
89 public enum Operator : byte {
90 UnaryPlus, UnaryNegation, LogicalNot, OnesComplement,
91 Indirection, AddressOf, TOP
95 public Expression Expr;
97 public Unary (Operator op, Expression expr, Location loc)
105 /// Returns a stringified representation of the Operator
107 static public string OperName (Operator oper)
110 case Operator.UnaryPlus:
112 case Operator.UnaryNegation:
114 case Operator.LogicalNot:
116 case Operator.OnesComplement:
118 case Operator.AddressOf:
120 case Operator.Indirection:
124 return oper.ToString ();
127 static string [] oper_names;
131 oper_names = new string [(int)Operator.TOP];
133 oper_names [(int) Operator.UnaryPlus] = "op_UnaryPlus";
134 oper_names [(int) Operator.UnaryNegation] = "op_UnaryNegation";
135 oper_names [(int) Operator.LogicalNot] = "op_LogicalNot";
136 oper_names [(int) Operator.OnesComplement] = "op_OnesComplement";
137 oper_names [(int) Operator.Indirection] = "op_Indirection";
138 oper_names [(int) Operator.AddressOf] = "op_AddressOf";
141 void Error23 (Type t)
144 23, "Operator " + OperName (Oper) +
145 " cannot be applied to operand of type `" +
146 TypeManager.CSharpName (t) + "'");
150 /// The result has been already resolved:
152 /// FIXME: a minus constant -128 sbyte cant be turned into a
155 static Expression TryReduceNegative (Constant expr)
159 if (expr is IntConstant)
160 e = new IntConstant (-((IntConstant) expr).Value);
161 else if (expr is UIntConstant){
162 uint value = ((UIntConstant) expr).Value;
164 if (value < 2147483649)
165 return new IntConstant (-(int)value);
167 e = new LongConstant (value);
169 else if (expr is LongConstant)
170 e = new LongConstant (-((LongConstant) expr).Value);
171 else if (expr is ULongConstant){
172 ulong value = ((ULongConstant) expr).Value;
174 if (value < 9223372036854775809)
175 return new LongConstant(-(long)value);
177 else if (expr is FloatConstant)
178 e = new FloatConstant (-((FloatConstant) expr).Value);
179 else if (expr is DoubleConstant)
180 e = new DoubleConstant (-((DoubleConstant) expr).Value);
181 else if (expr is DecimalConstant)
182 e = new DecimalConstant (-((DecimalConstant) expr).Value);
183 else if (expr is ShortConstant)
184 e = new IntConstant (-((ShortConstant) expr).Value);
185 else if (expr is UShortConstant)
186 e = new IntConstant (-((UShortConstant) expr).Value);
191 // This routine will attempt to simplify the unary expression when the
192 // argument is a constant. The result is returned in `result' and the
193 // function returns true or false depending on whether a reduction
194 // was performed or not
196 bool Reduce (EmitContext ec, Constant e, out Expression result)
198 Type expr_type = e.Type;
201 case Operator.UnaryPlus:
205 case Operator.UnaryNegation:
206 result = TryReduceNegative (e);
209 case Operator.LogicalNot:
210 if (expr_type != TypeManager.bool_type) {
216 BoolConstant b = (BoolConstant) e;
217 result = new BoolConstant (!(b.Value));
220 case Operator.OnesComplement:
221 if (!((expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
222 (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
223 (expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
224 (expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
225 (expr_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type)))){
231 if (e is EnumConstant){
232 EnumConstant enum_constant = (EnumConstant) e;
235 if (Reduce (ec, enum_constant.Child, out reduced)){
236 result = new EnumConstant ((Constant) reduced, enum_constant.Type);
244 if (expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type){
245 result = new IntConstant (~ ((IntConstant) e).Value);
246 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type){
247 result = new UIntConstant (~ ((UIntConstant) e).Value);
248 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type){
249 result = new LongConstant (~ ((LongConstant) e).Value);
250 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
251 result = new ULongConstant (~ ((ULongConstant) e).Value);
259 case Operator.AddressOf:
263 case Operator.Indirection:
267 throw new Exception ("Can not constant fold: " + Oper.ToString());
270 Expression ResolveOperator (EmitContext ec)
272 Type expr_type = Expr.Type;
275 // Step 1: Perform Operator Overload location
280 op_name = oper_names [(int) Oper];
282 mg = MemberLookup (ec, expr_type, op_name, MemberTypes.Method, AllBindingFlags, loc);
285 Expression e = StaticCallExpr.MakeSimpleCall (
286 ec, (MethodGroupExpr) mg, Expr, loc);
296 // Only perform numeric promotions on:
299 if (expr_type == null)
303 // Step 2: Default operations on CLI native types.
306 // Attempt to use a constant folding operation.
307 if (Expr is Constant){
310 if (Reduce (ec, (Constant) Expr, out result))
315 case Operator.LogicalNot:
316 if (expr_type != TypeManager.bool_type) {
321 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
324 case Operator.OnesComplement:
325 if (!((expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
326 (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
327 (expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
328 (expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
329 (expr_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type)))){
332 e = ConvertImplicit (ec, Expr, TypeManager.int32_type, loc);
334 type = TypeManager.int32_type;
337 e = ConvertImplicit (ec, Expr, TypeManager.uint32_type, loc);
339 type = TypeManager.uint32_type;
342 e = ConvertImplicit (ec, Expr, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
344 type = TypeManager.int64_type;
347 e = ConvertImplicit (ec, Expr, TypeManager.uint64_type, loc);
349 type = TypeManager.uint64_type;
358 case Operator.AddressOf:
359 if (Expr.eclass != ExprClass.Variable){
360 Error (211, "Cannot take the address of non-variables");
369 if (!TypeManager.VerifyUnManaged (Expr.Type, loc)){
373 string ptr_type_name = Expr.Type.FullName + "*";
374 type = TypeManager.LookupType (ptr_type_name);
378 case Operator.Indirection:
384 if (!expr_type.IsPointer){
387 "The * or -> operator can only be applied to pointers");
392 // We create an Indirection expression, because
393 // it can implement the IMemoryLocation.
395 return new Indirection (Expr, loc);
397 case Operator.UnaryPlus:
399 // A plus in front of something is just a no-op, so return the child.
403 case Operator.UnaryNegation:
405 // Deals with -literals
406 // int operator- (int x)
407 // long operator- (long x)
408 // float operator- (float f)
409 // double operator- (double d)
410 // decimal operator- (decimal d)
412 Expression expr = null;
415 // transform - - expr into expr
418 Unary unary = (Unary) Expr;
420 if (unary.Oper == Operator.UnaryNegation)
425 // perform numeric promotions to int,
429 // The following is inneficient, because we call
430 // ConvertImplicit too many times.
432 // It is also not clear if we should convert to Float
433 // or Double initially.
435 if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type){
437 // FIXME: handle exception to this rule that
438 // permits the int value -2147483648 (-2^31) to
439 // bt wrote as a decimal interger literal
441 type = TypeManager.int64_type;
442 Expr = ConvertImplicit (ec, Expr, type, loc);
446 if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
448 // FIXME: Handle exception of `long value'
449 // -92233720368547758087 (-2^63) to be wrote as
450 // decimal integer literal.
456 if (expr_type == TypeManager.float_type){
461 expr = ConvertImplicit (ec, Expr, TypeManager.int32_type, loc);
468 expr = ConvertImplicit (ec, Expr, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
475 expr = ConvertImplicit (ec, Expr, TypeManager.double_type, loc);
486 Error (187, "No such operator '" + OperName (Oper) + "' defined for type '" +
487 TypeManager.CSharpName (expr_type) + "'");
491 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
493 if (Oper == Operator.AddressOf)
494 Expr = Expr.ResolveLValue (ec, new EmptyExpression ());
496 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
501 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
502 return ResolveOperator (ec);
505 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
507 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
508 Type expr_type = Expr.Type;
511 case Operator.UnaryPlus:
512 throw new Exception ("This should be caught by Resolve");
514 case Operator.UnaryNegation:
516 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Neg);
519 case Operator.LogicalNot:
521 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
522 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ceq);
525 case Operator.OnesComplement:
527 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Not);
530 case Operator.AddressOf:
531 ((IMemoryLocation)Expr).AddressOf (ec, AddressOp.LoadStore);
535 throw new Exception ("This should not happen: Operator = "
541 /// This will emit the child expression for `ec' avoiding the logical
542 /// not. The parent will take care of changing brfalse/brtrue
544 public void EmitLogicalNot (EmitContext ec)
546 if (Oper != Operator.LogicalNot)
547 throw new Exception ("EmitLogicalNot can only be called with !expr");
552 public override string ToString ()
554 return "Unary (" + Oper + ", " + Expr + ")";
560 // Unary operators are turned into Indirection expressions
561 // after semantic analysis (this is so we can take the address
562 // of an indirection).
564 public class Indirection : Expression, IMemoryLocation, IAssignMethod {
566 LocalTemporary temporary;
569 public Indirection (Expression expr, Location l)
572 this.type = TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (expr.Type.GetElementType ());
573 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
577 void LoadExprValue (EmitContext ec)
581 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
583 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
585 if (temporary != null){
591 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
592 temporary.Store (ec);
593 have_temporary = true;
597 LoadFromPtr (ig, Type);
600 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
602 if (temporary != null){
608 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
609 temporary.Store (ec);
610 have_temporary = true;
615 StoreFromPtr (ec.ig, type);
618 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp Mode)
620 if (temporary != null){
626 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
627 temporary.Store (ec);
628 have_temporary = true;
633 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
636 // Born fully resolved
641 public new void CacheTemporaries (EmitContext ec)
643 temporary = new LocalTemporary (ec, type);
648 /// Unary Mutator expressions (pre and post ++ and --)
652 /// UnaryMutator implements ++ and -- expressions. It derives from
653 /// ExpressionStatement becuase the pre/post increment/decrement
654 /// operators can be used in a statement context.
656 /// FIXME: Idea, we could split this up in two classes, one simpler
657 /// for the common case, and one with the extra fields for more complex
658 /// classes (indexers require temporary access; overloaded require method)
660 /// Maybe we should have classes PreIncrement, PostIncrement, PreDecrement,
661 /// PostDecrement, that way we could save the `Mode' byte as well.
663 public class UnaryMutator : ExpressionStatement {
664 public enum Mode : byte {
665 PreIncrement, PreDecrement, PostIncrement, PostDecrement
670 LocalTemporary temp_storage;
673 // This is expensive for the simplest case.
677 public UnaryMutator (Mode m, Expression e, Location l)
684 static string OperName (Mode mode)
686 return (mode == Mode.PreIncrement || mode == Mode.PostIncrement) ?
690 void Error23 (Type t)
693 23, "Operator " + OperName (mode) +
694 " cannot be applied to operand of type `" +
695 TypeManager.CSharpName (t) + "'");
699 /// Returns whether an object of type `t' can be incremented
700 /// or decremented with add/sub (ie, basically whether we can
701 /// use pre-post incr-decr operations on it, but it is not a
702 /// System.Decimal, which we require operator overloading to catch)
704 static bool IsIncrementableNumber (Type t)
706 return (t == TypeManager.sbyte_type) ||
707 (t == TypeManager.byte_type) ||
708 (t == TypeManager.short_type) ||
709 (t == TypeManager.ushort_type) ||
710 (t == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
711 (t == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
712 (t == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
713 (t == TypeManager.uint64_type) ||
714 (t == TypeManager.char_type) ||
715 (t.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type)) ||
716 (t == TypeManager.float_type) ||
717 (t == TypeManager.double_type) ||
718 (t.IsPointer && t != TypeManager.void_ptr_type);
721 Expression ResolveOperator (EmitContext ec)
723 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
726 // Step 1: Perform Operator Overload location
731 if (mode == Mode.PreIncrement || mode == Mode.PostIncrement)
732 op_name = "op_Increment";
734 op_name = "op_Decrement";
736 mg = MemberLookup (ec, expr_type, op_name, MemberTypes.Method, AllBindingFlags, loc);
738 if (mg == null && expr_type.BaseType != null)
739 mg = MemberLookup (ec, expr_type.BaseType, op_name,
740 MemberTypes.Method, AllBindingFlags, loc);
743 method = StaticCallExpr.MakeSimpleCall (
744 ec, (MethodGroupExpr) mg, expr, loc);
751 // The operand of the prefix/postfix increment decrement operators
752 // should be an expression that is classified as a variable,
753 // a property access or an indexer access
756 if (expr.eclass == ExprClass.Variable){
757 if (IsIncrementableNumber (expr_type) ||
758 expr_type == TypeManager.decimal_type){
761 } else if (expr.eclass == ExprClass.IndexerAccess){
762 IndexerAccess ia = (IndexerAccess) expr;
764 temp_storage = new LocalTemporary (ec, expr.Type);
766 expr = ia.ResolveLValue (ec, temp_storage);
771 } else if (expr.eclass == ExprClass.PropertyAccess){
772 PropertyExpr pe = (PropertyExpr) expr;
774 if (pe.VerifyAssignable ())
779 expr.Error118 ("variable, indexer or property access");
783 Error (187, "No such operator '" + OperName (mode) + "' defined for type '" +
784 TypeManager.CSharpName (expr_type) + "'");
788 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
790 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
795 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
796 return ResolveOperator (ec);
799 static int PtrTypeSize (Type t)
801 return GetTypeSize (t.GetElementType ());
805 // Loads the proper "1" into the stack based on the type
807 static void LoadOne (ILGenerator ig, Type t)
809 if (t == TypeManager.uint64_type || t == TypeManager.int64_type)
810 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I8, 1L);
811 else if (t == TypeManager.double_type)
812 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_R8, 1.0);
813 else if (t == TypeManager.float_type)
814 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_R4, 1.0F);
815 else if (t.IsPointer){
816 int n = PtrTypeSize (t);
819 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sizeof, t);
821 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, n);
823 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
828 // FIXME: We need some way of avoiding the use of temp_storage
829 // for some types of storage (parameters, local variables,
830 // static fields) and single-dimension array access.
832 void EmitCode (EmitContext ec, bool is_expr)
834 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
835 IAssignMethod ia = (IAssignMethod) expr;
836 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
838 if (temp_storage == null)
839 temp_storage = new LocalTemporary (ec, expr_type);
841 ia.CacheTemporaries (ec);
842 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Nop);
844 case Mode.PreIncrement:
845 case Mode.PreDecrement:
849 LoadOne (ig, expr_type);
852 // Select the opcode based on the check state (then the type)
853 // and the actual operation
856 if (expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type ||
857 expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type){
858 if (mode == Mode.PreDecrement)
859 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub_Ovf);
861 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add_Ovf);
862 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type ||
863 expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
864 if (mode == Mode.PreDecrement)
865 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub_Ovf_Un);
867 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add_Ovf_Un);
869 if (mode == Mode.PreDecrement)
870 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub_Ovf);
872 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add_Ovf);
875 if (mode == Mode.PreDecrement)
876 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub);
878 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
883 temp_storage.Store (ec);
884 ia.EmitAssign (ec, temp_storage);
886 temp_storage.Emit (ec);
889 case Mode.PostIncrement:
890 case Mode.PostDecrement:
898 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
900 LoadOne (ig, expr_type);
903 if (expr_type == TypeManager.int32_type ||
904 expr_type == TypeManager.int64_type){
905 if (mode == Mode.PostDecrement)
906 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub_Ovf);
908 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add_Ovf);
909 } else if (expr_type == TypeManager.uint32_type ||
910 expr_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
911 if (mode == Mode.PostDecrement)
912 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub_Ovf_Un);
914 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add_Ovf_Un);
916 if (mode == Mode.PostDecrement)
917 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub_Ovf);
919 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add_Ovf);
922 if (mode == Mode.PostDecrement)
923 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub);
925 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
931 temp_storage.Store (ec);
932 ia.EmitAssign (ec, temp_storage);
937 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
943 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
945 EmitCode (ec, false);
951 /// Base class for the `Is' and `As' classes.
955 /// FIXME: Split this in two, and we get to save the `Operator' Oper
958 public abstract class Probe : Expression {
959 public readonly Expression ProbeType;
960 protected Expression expr;
961 protected Type probe_type;
963 public Probe (Expression expr, Expression probe_type, Location l)
965 ProbeType = probe_type;
970 public Expression Expr {
976 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
978 probe_type = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (ProbeType, false, loc);
980 if (probe_type == null)
983 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
990 /// Implementation of the `is' operator.
992 public class Is : Probe {
993 public Is (Expression expr, Expression probe_type, Location l)
994 : base (expr, probe_type, l)
999 AlwaysTrue, AlwaysNull, AlwaysFalse, LeaveOnStack, Probe
1004 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1006 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
1011 case Action.AlwaysFalse:
1012 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
1013 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, 0);
1015 case Action.AlwaysTrue:
1016 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
1017 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Nop);
1018 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, 1);
1020 case Action.LeaveOnStack:
1021 // the `e != null' rule.
1024 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Isinst, probe_type);
1025 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldnull);
1026 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Cgt_Un);
1029 throw new Exception ("never reached");
1032 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
1034 Expression e = base.DoResolve (ec);
1036 if ((e == null) || (expr == null))
1039 Type etype = expr.Type;
1040 bool warning_always_matches = false;
1041 bool warning_never_matches = false;
1043 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
1044 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
1047 // First case, if at compile time, there is an implicit conversion
1048 // then e != null (objects) or true (value types)
1050 e = ConvertImplicitStandard (ec, expr, probe_type, loc);
1053 if (etype.IsValueType)
1054 action = Action.AlwaysTrue;
1056 action = Action.LeaveOnStack;
1058 warning_always_matches = true;
1059 } else if (ExplicitReferenceConversionExists (etype, probe_type)){
1061 // Second case: explicit reference convresion
1063 if (expr is NullLiteral)
1064 action = Action.AlwaysFalse;
1066 action = Action.Probe;
1068 action = Action.AlwaysFalse;
1069 warning_never_matches = true;
1072 if (RootContext.WarningLevel >= 1){
1073 if (warning_always_matches)
1076 "The expression is always of type `" +
1077 TypeManager.CSharpName (probe_type) + "'");
1078 else if (warning_never_matches){
1079 if (!(probe_type.IsInterface || expr.Type.IsInterface))
1082 "The expression is never of type `" +
1083 TypeManager.CSharpName (probe_type) + "'");
1092 /// Implementation of the `as' operator.
1094 public class As : Probe {
1095 public As (Expression expr, Expression probe_type, Location l)
1096 : base (expr, probe_type, l)
1100 bool do_isinst = false;
1102 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1104 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
1109 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Isinst, probe_type);
1112 static void Error_CannotConvertType (Type source, Type target, Location loc)
1115 39, loc, "as operator can not convert from `" +
1116 TypeManager.CSharpName (source) + "' to `" +
1117 TypeManager.CSharpName (target) + "'");
1120 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
1122 Expression e = base.DoResolve (ec);
1128 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
1129 Type etype = expr.Type;
1131 e = ConvertImplicit (ec, expr, probe_type, loc);
1138 if (ExplicitReferenceConversionExists (etype, probe_type)){
1143 Error_CannotConvertType (etype, probe_type, loc);
1149 /// This represents a typecast in the source language.
1151 /// FIXME: Cast expressions have an unusual set of parsing
1152 /// rules, we need to figure those out.
1154 public class Cast : Expression {
1155 Expression target_type;
1158 public Cast (Expression cast_type, Expression expr, Location loc)
1160 this.target_type = cast_type;
1165 public Expression TargetType {
1171 public Expression Expr {
1181 /// Attempts to do a compile-time folding of a constant cast.
1183 Expression TryReduce (EmitContext ec, Type target_type)
1185 if (expr is ByteConstant){
1186 byte v = ((ByteConstant) expr).Value;
1188 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1189 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1190 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1191 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1192 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1193 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1194 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1195 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1196 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1197 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1198 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1199 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1200 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1201 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1202 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1203 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1204 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1205 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1206 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1207 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1209 if (expr is SByteConstant){
1210 sbyte v = ((SByteConstant) expr).Value;
1212 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1213 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1214 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1215 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1216 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1217 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1218 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1219 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1220 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1221 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1222 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1223 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1224 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1225 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1226 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1227 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1228 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1229 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1230 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1231 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1233 if (expr is ShortConstant){
1234 short v = ((ShortConstant) expr).Value;
1236 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1237 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1238 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1239 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1240 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1241 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1242 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1243 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1244 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1245 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1246 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1247 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1248 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1249 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1250 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1251 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1252 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1253 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1254 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1255 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1257 if (expr is UShortConstant){
1258 ushort v = ((UShortConstant) expr).Value;
1260 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1261 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1262 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1263 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1264 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1265 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1266 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1267 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1268 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1269 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1270 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1271 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1272 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1273 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1274 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1275 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1276 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1277 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1278 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1279 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1281 if (expr is IntConstant){
1282 int v = ((IntConstant) expr).Value;
1284 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1285 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1286 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1287 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1288 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1289 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1290 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1291 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1292 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1293 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1294 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1295 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1296 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1297 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1298 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1299 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1300 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1301 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1302 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1303 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1305 if (expr is UIntConstant){
1306 uint v = ((UIntConstant) expr).Value;
1308 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1309 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1310 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1311 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1312 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1313 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1314 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1315 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1316 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1317 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1318 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1319 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1320 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1321 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1322 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1323 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1324 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1325 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1326 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1327 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1329 if (expr is LongConstant){
1330 long v = ((LongConstant) expr).Value;
1332 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1333 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1334 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1335 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1336 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1337 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1338 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1339 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1340 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1341 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1342 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1343 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1344 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1345 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1346 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1347 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1348 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1349 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1350 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1351 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1353 if (expr is ULongConstant){
1354 ulong v = ((ULongConstant) expr).Value;
1356 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1357 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1358 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1359 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1360 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1361 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1362 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1363 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1364 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1365 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1366 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1367 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1368 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1369 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1370 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1371 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1372 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1373 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1374 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1375 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1377 if (expr is FloatConstant){
1378 float v = ((FloatConstant) expr).Value;
1380 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1381 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1382 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1383 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1384 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1385 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1386 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1387 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1388 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1389 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1390 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1391 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1392 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1393 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1394 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1395 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1396 if (target_type == TypeManager.double_type)
1397 return new DoubleConstant ((double) v);
1398 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1399 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1401 if (expr is DoubleConstant){
1402 double v = ((DoubleConstant) expr).Value;
1404 if (target_type == TypeManager.byte_type)
1405 return new ByteConstant ((byte) v);
1406 if (target_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
1407 return new SByteConstant ((sbyte) v);
1408 if (target_type == TypeManager.short_type)
1409 return new ShortConstant ((short) v);
1410 if (target_type == TypeManager.ushort_type)
1411 return new UShortConstant ((ushort) v);
1412 if (target_type == TypeManager.int32_type)
1413 return new IntConstant ((int) v);
1414 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
1415 return new UIntConstant ((uint) v);
1416 if (target_type == TypeManager.int64_type)
1417 return new LongConstant ((long) v);
1418 if (target_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
1419 return new ULongConstant ((ulong) v);
1420 if (target_type == TypeManager.float_type)
1421 return new FloatConstant ((float) v);
1422 if (target_type == TypeManager.char_type)
1423 return new CharConstant ((char) v);
1429 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
1431 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
1435 int errors = Report.Errors;
1437 bool old_state = ec.OnlyLookupTypes;
1438 ec.OnlyLookupTypes = true;
1439 target_type = target_type.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.Type);
1440 ec.OnlyLookupTypes = old_state;
1442 if (target_type == null){
1443 if (errors == Report.Errors)
1444 Error (-10, "Can not resolve type");
1448 type = target_type.Type;
1449 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
1454 if (expr is Constant){
1455 Expression e = TryReduce (ec, type);
1461 expr = ConvertExplicit (ec, expr, type, loc);
1465 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1468 // This one will never happen
1470 throw new Exception ("Should not happen");
1475 /// Binary operators
1477 public class Binary : Expression {
1478 public enum Operator : byte {
1479 Multiply, Division, Modulus,
1480 Addition, Subtraction,
1481 LeftShift, RightShift,
1482 LessThan, GreaterThan, LessThanOrEqual, GreaterThanOrEqual,
1483 Equality, Inequality,
1493 Expression left, right;
1496 // After resolution, method might contain the operator overload
1499 protected MethodBase method;
1500 ArrayList Arguments;
1502 bool DelegateOperation;
1504 // This must be kept in sync with Operator!!!
1505 static string [] oper_names;
1509 oper_names = new string [(int) Operator.TOP];
1511 oper_names [(int) Operator.Multiply] = "op_Multiply";
1512 oper_names [(int) Operator.Division] = "op_Division";
1513 oper_names [(int) Operator.Modulus] = "op_Modulus";
1514 oper_names [(int) Operator.Addition] = "op_Addition";
1515 oper_names [(int) Operator.Subtraction] = "op_Subtraction";
1516 oper_names [(int) Operator.LeftShift] = "op_LeftShift";
1517 oper_names [(int) Operator.RightShift] = "op_RightShift";
1518 oper_names [(int) Operator.LessThan] = "op_LessThan";
1519 oper_names [(int) Operator.GreaterThan] = "op_GreaterThan";
1520 oper_names [(int) Operator.LessThanOrEqual] = "op_LessThanOrEqual";
1521 oper_names [(int) Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual] = "op_GreaterThanOrEqual";
1522 oper_names [(int) Operator.Equality] = "op_Equality";
1523 oper_names [(int) Operator.Inequality] = "op_Inequality";
1524 oper_names [(int) Operator.BitwiseAnd] = "op_BitwiseAnd";
1525 oper_names [(int) Operator.BitwiseOr] = "op_BitwiseOr";
1526 oper_names [(int) Operator.ExclusiveOr] = "op_ExclusiveOr";
1527 oper_names [(int) Operator.LogicalOr] = "op_LogicalOr";
1528 oper_names [(int) Operator.LogicalAnd] = "op_LogicalAnd";
1531 public Binary (Operator oper, Expression left, Expression right, Location loc)
1539 public Operator Oper {
1548 public Expression Left {
1557 public Expression Right {
1568 /// Returns a stringified representation of the Operator
1570 static string OperName (Operator oper)
1573 case Operator.Multiply:
1575 case Operator.Division:
1577 case Operator.Modulus:
1579 case Operator.Addition:
1581 case Operator.Subtraction:
1583 case Operator.LeftShift:
1585 case Operator.RightShift:
1587 case Operator.LessThan:
1589 case Operator.GreaterThan:
1591 case Operator.LessThanOrEqual:
1593 case Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual:
1595 case Operator.Equality:
1597 case Operator.Inequality:
1599 case Operator.BitwiseAnd:
1601 case Operator.BitwiseOr:
1603 case Operator.ExclusiveOr:
1605 case Operator.LogicalOr:
1607 case Operator.LogicalAnd:
1611 return oper.ToString ();
1614 public override string ToString ()
1616 return "operator " + OperName (oper) + "(" + left.ToString () + ", " +
1617 right.ToString () + ")";
1620 Expression ForceConversion (EmitContext ec, Expression expr, Type target_type)
1622 if (expr.Type == target_type)
1625 return ConvertImplicit (ec, expr, target_type, new Location (-1));
1628 public static void Error_OperatorAmbiguous (Location loc, Operator oper, Type l, Type r)
1631 34, loc, "Operator `" + OperName (oper)
1632 + "' is ambiguous on operands of type `"
1633 + TypeManager.CSharpName (l) + "' "
1634 + "and `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (r)
1639 // Note that handling the case l == Decimal || r == Decimal
1640 // is taken care of by the Step 1 Operator Overload resolution.
1642 bool DoNumericPromotions (EmitContext ec, Type l, Type r)
1644 if (l == TypeManager.double_type || r == TypeManager.double_type){
1646 // If either operand is of type double, the other operand is
1647 // conveted to type double.
1649 if (r != TypeManager.double_type)
1650 right = ConvertImplicit (ec, right, TypeManager.double_type, loc);
1651 if (l != TypeManager.double_type)
1652 left = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.double_type, loc);
1654 type = TypeManager.double_type;
1655 } else if (l == TypeManager.float_type || r == TypeManager.float_type){
1657 // if either operand is of type float, the other operand is
1658 // converted to type float.
1660 if (r != TypeManager.double_type)
1661 right = ConvertImplicit (ec, right, TypeManager.float_type, loc);
1662 if (l != TypeManager.double_type)
1663 left = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.float_type, loc);
1664 type = TypeManager.float_type;
1665 } else if (l == TypeManager.uint64_type || r == TypeManager.uint64_type){
1669 // If either operand is of type ulong, the other operand is
1670 // converted to type ulong. or an error ocurrs if the other
1671 // operand is of type sbyte, short, int or long
1673 if (l == TypeManager.uint64_type){
1674 if (r != TypeManager.uint64_type){
1675 if (right is IntConstant){
1676 IntConstant ic = (IntConstant) right;
1678 e = TryImplicitIntConversion (l, ic);
1681 } else if (right is LongConstant){
1682 long ll = ((LongConstant) right).Value;
1685 right = new ULongConstant ((ulong) ll);
1687 e = ImplicitNumericConversion (ec, right, l, loc);
1694 if (left is IntConstant){
1695 e = TryImplicitIntConversion (r, (IntConstant) left);
1698 } else if (left is LongConstant){
1699 long ll = ((LongConstant) left).Value;
1702 left = new ULongConstant ((ulong) ll);
1704 e = ImplicitNumericConversion (ec, left, r, loc);
1711 if ((other == TypeManager.sbyte_type) ||
1712 (other == TypeManager.short_type) ||
1713 (other == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
1714 (other == TypeManager.int64_type))
1715 Error_OperatorAmbiguous (loc, oper, l, r);
1716 type = TypeManager.uint64_type;
1717 } else if (l == TypeManager.int64_type || r == TypeManager.int64_type){
1719 // If either operand is of type long, the other operand is converted
1722 if (l != TypeManager.int64_type)
1723 left = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
1724 if (r != TypeManager.int64_type)
1725 right = ConvertImplicit (ec, right, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
1727 type = TypeManager.int64_type;
1728 } else if (l == TypeManager.uint32_type || r == TypeManager.uint32_type){
1730 // If either operand is of type uint, and the other
1731 // operand is of type sbyte, short or int, othe operands are
1732 // converted to type long.
1736 if (l == TypeManager.uint32_type){
1737 if (right is IntConstant){
1738 IntConstant ic = (IntConstant) right;
1742 right = new UIntConstant ((uint) val);
1749 else if (r == TypeManager.uint32_type){
1750 if (left is IntConstant){
1751 IntConstant ic = (IntConstant) left;
1755 left = new UIntConstant ((uint) val);
1764 if ((other == TypeManager.sbyte_type) ||
1765 (other == TypeManager.short_type) ||
1766 (other == TypeManager.int32_type)){
1767 left = ForceConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.int64_type);
1768 right = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.int64_type);
1769 type = TypeManager.int64_type;
1772 // if either operand is of type uint, the other
1773 // operand is converd to type uint
1775 left = ForceConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.uint32_type);
1776 right = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.uint32_type);
1777 type = TypeManager.uint32_type;
1779 } else if (l == TypeManager.decimal_type || r == TypeManager.decimal_type){
1780 if (l != TypeManager.decimal_type)
1781 left = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.decimal_type, loc);
1782 if (r != TypeManager.decimal_type)
1783 right = ConvertImplicit (ec, right, TypeManager.decimal_type, loc);
1785 type = TypeManager.decimal_type;
1787 Expression l_tmp, r_tmp;
1789 l_tmp = ForceConversion (ec, left, TypeManager.int32_type);
1793 r_tmp = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.int32_type);
1800 type = TypeManager.int32_type;
1806 static public void Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied (Location loc, string name, Type l, Type r)
1808 Report.Error (19, loc,
1809 "Operator " + name + " cannot be applied to operands of type `" +
1810 TypeManager.CSharpName (l) + "' and `" +
1811 TypeManager.CSharpName (r) + "'");
1814 void Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ()
1816 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied (loc, OperName (oper), left.Type, right.Type);
1819 static bool is_32_or_64 (Type t)
1821 return (t == TypeManager.int32_type || t == TypeManager.uint32_type ||
1822 t == TypeManager.int64_type || t == TypeManager.uint64_type);
1825 static bool is_unsigned (Type t)
1827 return (t == TypeManager.uint32_type || t == TypeManager.uint64_type ||
1828 t == TypeManager.short_type || t == TypeManager.byte_type);
1831 Expression CheckShiftArguments (EmitContext ec)
1835 Type r = right.Type;
1837 e = ForceConversion (ec, right, TypeManager.int32_type);
1839 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
1844 if (((e = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.int32_type, loc)) != null) ||
1845 ((e = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.uint32_type, loc)) != null) ||
1846 ((e = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.int64_type, loc)) != null) ||
1847 ((e = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.uint64_type, loc)) != null)){
1853 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
1857 Expression ResolveOperator (EmitContext ec)
1860 Type r = right.Type;
1862 bool overload_failed = false;
1865 // Step 1: Perform Operator Overload location
1867 Expression left_expr, right_expr;
1869 string op = oper_names [(int) oper];
1871 MethodGroupExpr union;
1872 left_expr = MemberLookup (ec, l, op, MemberTypes.Method, AllBindingFlags, loc);
1874 right_expr = MemberLookup (
1875 ec, r, op, MemberTypes.Method, AllBindingFlags, loc);
1876 union = Invocation.MakeUnionSet (left_expr, right_expr, loc);
1878 union = (MethodGroupExpr) left_expr;
1880 if (union != null) {
1881 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
1882 Arguments.Add (new Argument (left, Argument.AType.Expression));
1883 Arguments.Add (new Argument (right, Argument.AType.Expression));
1885 method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (ec, union, Arguments, Location.Null);
1886 if (method != null) {
1887 MethodInfo mi = (MethodInfo) method;
1889 type = mi.ReturnType;
1892 overload_failed = true;
1897 // Step 2: Default operations on CLI native types.
1901 // Step 0: String concatenation (because overloading will get this wrong)
1903 if (oper == Operator.Addition){
1905 // If any of the arguments is a string, cast to string
1908 if (l == TypeManager.string_type){
1910 if (r == TypeManager.void_type) {
1911 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
1915 if (r == TypeManager.string_type){
1916 if (left is Constant && right is Constant){
1917 StringConstant ls = (StringConstant) left;
1918 StringConstant rs = (StringConstant) right;
1920 return new StringConstant (
1921 ls.Value + rs.Value);
1925 method = TypeManager.string_concat_string_string;
1928 method = TypeManager.string_concat_object_object;
1929 right = ConvertImplicit (ec, right,
1930 TypeManager.object_type, loc);
1932 type = TypeManager.string_type;
1934 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
1935 Arguments.Add (new Argument (left, Argument.AType.Expression));
1936 Arguments.Add (new Argument (right, Argument.AType.Expression));
1940 } else if (r == TypeManager.string_type){
1943 if (l == TypeManager.void_type) {
1944 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
1948 method = TypeManager.string_concat_object_object;
1949 left = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, TypeManager.object_type, loc);
1950 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
1951 Arguments.Add (new Argument (left, Argument.AType.Expression));
1952 Arguments.Add (new Argument (right, Argument.AType.Expression));
1954 type = TypeManager.string_type;
1960 // Transform a + ( - b) into a - b
1962 if (right is Unary){
1963 Unary right_unary = (Unary) right;
1965 if (right_unary.Oper == Unary.Operator.UnaryNegation){
1966 oper = Operator.Subtraction;
1967 right = right_unary.Expr;
1973 if (oper == Operator.Equality || oper == Operator.Inequality){
1974 if (l == TypeManager.bool_type || r == TypeManager.bool_type){
1975 if (r != TypeManager.bool_type || l != TypeManager.bool_type){
1976 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
1980 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
1985 // operator != (object a, object b)
1986 // operator == (object a, object b)
1988 // For this to be used, both arguments have to be reference-types.
1989 // Read the rationale on the spec (14.9.6)
1991 // Also, if at compile time we know that the classes do not inherit
1992 // one from the other, then we catch the error there.
1994 if (!(l.IsValueType || r.IsValueType)){
1995 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2000 if (l.IsSubclassOf (r) || r.IsSubclassOf (l))
2004 // Also, a standard conversion must exist from either one
2006 if (!(StandardConversionExists (left, r) ||
2007 StandardConversionExists (right, l))){
2008 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2012 // We are going to have to convert to an object to compare
2014 if (l != TypeManager.object_type)
2015 left = new EmptyCast (left, TypeManager.object_type);
2016 if (r != TypeManager.object_type)
2017 right = new EmptyCast (right, TypeManager.object_type);
2020 // FIXME: CSC here catches errors cs254 and cs252
2026 // Only perform numeric promotions on:
2027 // +, -, *, /, %, &, |, ^, ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=
2029 if (oper == Operator.Addition || oper == Operator.Subtraction) {
2030 if (l.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.delegate_type) &&
2031 r.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.delegate_type)) {
2033 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
2034 Arguments.Add (new Argument (left, Argument.AType.Expression));
2035 Arguments.Add (new Argument (right, Argument.AType.Expression));
2037 if (oper == Operator.Addition)
2038 method = TypeManager.delegate_combine_delegate_delegate;
2040 method = TypeManager.delegate_remove_delegate_delegate;
2043 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2047 DelegateOperation = true;
2053 // Pointer arithmetic:
2055 // T* operator + (T* x, int y);
2056 // T* operator + (T* x, uint y);
2057 // T* operator + (T* x, long y);
2058 // T* operator + (T* x, ulong y);
2060 // T* operator + (int y, T* x);
2061 // T* operator + (uint y, T *x);
2062 // T* operator + (long y, T *x);
2063 // T* operator + (ulong y, T *x);
2065 // T* operator - (T* x, int y);
2066 // T* operator - (T* x, uint y);
2067 // T* operator - (T* x, long y);
2068 // T* operator - (T* x, ulong y);
2070 // long operator - (T* x, T *y)
2073 if (r.IsPointer && oper == Operator.Subtraction){
2075 return new PointerArithmetic (
2076 false, left, right, TypeManager.int64_type,
2078 } else if (is_32_or_64 (r))
2079 return new PointerArithmetic (
2080 oper == Operator.Addition, left, right, l, loc);
2081 } else if (r.IsPointer && is_32_or_64 (l) && oper == Operator.Addition)
2082 return new PointerArithmetic (
2083 true, right, left, r, loc);
2087 // Enumeration operators
2089 bool lie = TypeManager.IsEnumType (l);
2090 bool rie = TypeManager.IsEnumType (r);
2095 // operator + (E e, U x)
2097 if (oper == Operator.Addition){
2099 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2103 Type enum_type = lie ? l : r;
2104 Type other_type = lie ? r : l;
2105 Type underlying_type = TypeManager.EnumToUnderlying (enum_type);
2108 if (underlying_type != other_type){
2109 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2118 temp = ConvertImplicit (ec, right, l, loc);
2122 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2126 temp = ConvertImplicit (ec, left, r, loc);
2131 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2136 if (oper == Operator.Equality || oper == Operator.Inequality ||
2137 oper == Operator.LessThanOrEqual || oper == Operator.LessThan ||
2138 oper == Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual || oper == Operator.GreaterThan){
2139 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2143 if (oper == Operator.BitwiseAnd ||
2144 oper == Operator.BitwiseOr ||
2145 oper == Operator.ExclusiveOr){
2152 if (oper == Operator.LeftShift || oper == Operator.RightShift)
2153 return CheckShiftArguments (ec);
2155 if (oper == Operator.LogicalOr || oper == Operator.LogicalAnd){
2156 if (l != TypeManager.bool_type || r != TypeManager.bool_type){
2157 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2161 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2166 // operator & (bool x, bool y)
2167 // operator | (bool x, bool y)
2168 // operator ^ (bool x, bool y)
2170 if (l == TypeManager.bool_type && r == TypeManager.bool_type){
2171 if (oper == Operator.BitwiseAnd ||
2172 oper == Operator.BitwiseOr ||
2173 oper == Operator.ExclusiveOr){
2180 // Pointer comparison
2182 if (l.IsPointer && r.IsPointer){
2183 if (oper == Operator.Equality || oper == Operator.Inequality ||
2184 oper == Operator.LessThan || oper == Operator.LessThanOrEqual ||
2185 oper == Operator.GreaterThan || oper == Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual){
2186 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2192 // We are dealing with numbers
2194 if (overload_failed){
2195 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2199 if (!DoNumericPromotions (ec, l, r)){
2200 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2204 if (left == null || right == null)
2208 // reload our cached types if required
2213 if (oper == Operator.BitwiseAnd ||
2214 oper == Operator.BitwiseOr ||
2215 oper == Operator.ExclusiveOr){
2217 if (!((l == TypeManager.int32_type) ||
2218 (l == TypeManager.uint32_type) ||
2219 (l == TypeManager.int64_type) ||
2220 (l == TypeManager.uint64_type)))
2223 Error_OperatorCannotBeApplied ();
2228 if (oper == Operator.Equality ||
2229 oper == Operator.Inequality ||
2230 oper == Operator.LessThanOrEqual ||
2231 oper == Operator.LessThan ||
2232 oper == Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual ||
2233 oper == Operator.GreaterThan){
2234 type = TypeManager.bool_type;
2240 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
2242 left = left.Resolve (ec);
2243 right = right.Resolve (ec);
2245 if (left == null || right == null)
2248 if (left.Type == null)
2249 throw new Exception (
2250 "Resolve returned non null, but did not set the type! (" +
2251 left + ") at Line: " + loc.Row);
2252 if (right.Type == null)
2253 throw new Exception (
2254 "Resolve returned non null, but did not set the type! (" +
2255 right + ") at Line: "+ loc.Row);
2257 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
2259 if (left is Constant && right is Constant){
2260 Expression e = ConstantFold.BinaryFold (
2261 ec, oper, (Constant) left, (Constant) right, loc);
2266 return ResolveOperator (ec);
2270 /// EmitBranchable is called from Statement.EmitBoolExpression in the
2271 /// context of a conditional bool expression. This function will return
2272 /// false if it is was possible to use EmitBranchable, or true if it was.
2274 /// The expression's code is generated, and we will generate a branch to `target'
2275 /// if the resulting expression value is equal to isTrue
2277 public bool EmitBranchable (EmitContext ec, Label target, bool onTrue)
2282 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2285 // This is more complicated than it looks, but its just to avoid
2286 // duplicated tests: basically, we allow ==, !=, >, <, >= and <=
2287 // but on top of that we want for == and != to use a special path
2288 // if we are comparing against null
2290 if (oper == Operator.Equality || oper == Operator.Inequality){
2291 bool my_on_true = oper == Operator.Inequality ? onTrue : !onTrue;
2293 if (left is NullLiteral){
2296 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brtrue, target);
2298 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, target);
2300 } else if (right is NullLiteral){
2303 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brtrue, target);
2305 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, target);
2308 } else if (!(oper == Operator.LessThan ||
2309 oper == Operator.GreaterThan ||
2310 oper == Operator.LessThanOrEqual ||
2311 oper == Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual))
2319 bool isUnsigned = is_unsigned (left.Type);
2322 case Operator.Equality:
2324 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Beq, target);
2326 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bne_Un, target);
2329 case Operator.Inequality:
2331 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bne_Un, target);
2333 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Beq, target);
2336 case Operator.LessThan:
2339 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Blt_Un, target);
2341 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Blt, target);
2344 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bge_Un, target);
2346 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bge, target);
2349 case Operator.GreaterThan:
2352 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bgt_Un, target);
2354 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bgt, target);
2357 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ble_Un, target);
2359 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ble, target);
2362 case Operator.LessThanOrEqual:
2365 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ble_Un, target);
2367 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ble, target);
2370 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bgt_Un, target);
2372 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bgt, target);
2376 case Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual:
2379 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bge_Un, target);
2381 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bge, target);
2384 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Blt_Un, target);
2386 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Blt, target);
2396 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
2398 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2400 Type r = right.Type;
2403 if (method != null) {
2405 // Note that operators are static anyway
2407 if (Arguments != null)
2408 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, method, Arguments);
2410 if (method is MethodInfo)
2411 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method);
2413 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
2415 if (DelegateOperation)
2416 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Castclass, type);
2422 // Handle short-circuit operators differently
2425 if (oper == Operator.LogicalAnd){
2426 Label load_zero = ig.DefineLabel ();
2427 Label end = ig.DefineLabel ();
2430 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, load_zero);
2432 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, end);
2433 ig.MarkLabel (load_zero);
2434 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
2437 } else if (oper == Operator.LogicalOr){
2438 Label load_one = ig.DefineLabel ();
2439 Label end = ig.DefineLabel ();
2442 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brtrue, load_one);
2444 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, end);
2445 ig.MarkLabel (load_one);
2446 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
2455 case Operator.Multiply:
2457 if (l == TypeManager.int32_type || l == TypeManager.int64_type)
2458 opcode = OpCodes.Mul_Ovf;
2459 else if (l==TypeManager.uint32_type || l==TypeManager.uint64_type)
2460 opcode = OpCodes.Mul_Ovf_Un;
2462 opcode = OpCodes.Mul;
2464 opcode = OpCodes.Mul;
2468 case Operator.Division:
2469 if (l == TypeManager.uint32_type || l == TypeManager.uint64_type)
2470 opcode = OpCodes.Div_Un;
2472 opcode = OpCodes.Div;
2475 case Operator.Modulus:
2476 if (l == TypeManager.uint32_type || l == TypeManager.uint64_type)
2477 opcode = OpCodes.Rem_Un;
2479 opcode = OpCodes.Rem;
2482 case Operator.Addition:
2484 if (l == TypeManager.int32_type || l == TypeManager.int64_type)
2485 opcode = OpCodes.Add_Ovf;
2486 else if (l==TypeManager.uint32_type || l==TypeManager.uint64_type)
2487 opcode = OpCodes.Add_Ovf_Un;
2489 opcode = OpCodes.Add;
2491 opcode = OpCodes.Add;
2494 case Operator.Subtraction:
2496 if (l == TypeManager.int32_type || l == TypeManager.int64_type)
2497 opcode = OpCodes.Sub_Ovf;
2498 else if (l==TypeManager.uint32_type || l==TypeManager.uint64_type)
2499 opcode = OpCodes.Sub_Ovf_Un;
2501 opcode = OpCodes.Sub;
2503 opcode = OpCodes.Sub;
2506 case Operator.RightShift:
2507 if (l == TypeManager.uint32_type || l == TypeManager.uint64_type)
2508 opcode = OpCodes.Shr_Un;
2510 opcode = OpCodes.Shr;
2513 case Operator.LeftShift:
2514 opcode = OpCodes.Shl;
2517 case Operator.Equality:
2518 opcode = OpCodes.Ceq;
2521 case Operator.Inequality:
2522 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ceq);
2523 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
2525 opcode = OpCodes.Ceq;
2528 case Operator.LessThan:
2529 opcode = OpCodes.Clt;
2532 case Operator.GreaterThan:
2533 opcode = OpCodes.Cgt;
2536 case Operator.LessThanOrEqual:
2537 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Cgt);
2538 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
2540 opcode = OpCodes.Ceq;
2543 case Operator.GreaterThanOrEqual:
2544 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Clt);
2545 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
2547 opcode = OpCodes.Sub;
2550 case Operator.BitwiseOr:
2551 opcode = OpCodes.Or;
2554 case Operator.BitwiseAnd:
2555 opcode = OpCodes.And;
2558 case Operator.ExclusiveOr:
2559 opcode = OpCodes.Xor;
2563 throw new Exception ("This should not happen: Operator = "
2564 + oper.ToString ());
2570 public bool IsBuiltinOperator {
2572 return method == null;
2577 public class PointerArithmetic : Expression {
2578 Expression left, right;
2582 // We assume that `l' is always a pointer
2584 public PointerArithmetic (bool is_addition, Expression l, Expression r, Type t,
2588 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
2592 is_add = is_addition;
2595 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
2598 // We are born fully resolved
2603 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
2605 Type op_type = left.Type;
2606 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2607 int size = GetTypeSize (op_type.GetElementType ());
2609 if (right.Type.IsPointer){
2611 // handle (pointer - pointer)
2615 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub);
2619 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sizeof, op_type);
2621 IntLiteral.EmitInt (ig, size);
2622 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Div);
2624 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I8);
2627 // handle + and - on (pointer op int)
2630 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I);
2634 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sizeof, op_type);
2636 IntLiteral.EmitInt (ig, size);
2637 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Mul);
2640 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
2642 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub);
2648 /// Implements the ternary conditiona operator (?:)
2650 public class Conditional : Expression {
2651 Expression expr, trueExpr, falseExpr;
2653 public Conditional (Expression expr, Expression trueExpr, Expression falseExpr, Location l)
2656 this.trueExpr = trueExpr;
2657 this.falseExpr = falseExpr;
2661 public Expression Expr {
2667 public Expression TrueExpr {
2673 public Expression FalseExpr {
2679 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
2681 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
2683 if (expr.Type != TypeManager.bool_type)
2684 expr = Expression.ConvertImplicitRequired (
2685 ec, expr, TypeManager.bool_type, loc);
2687 trueExpr = trueExpr.Resolve (ec);
2688 falseExpr = falseExpr.Resolve (ec);
2690 if (expr == null || trueExpr == null || falseExpr == null)
2693 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
2694 if (trueExpr.Type == falseExpr.Type)
2695 type = trueExpr.Type;
2698 Type true_type = trueExpr.Type;
2699 Type false_type = falseExpr.Type;
2701 if (trueExpr is NullLiteral){
2704 } else if (falseExpr is NullLiteral){
2710 // First, if an implicit conversion exists from trueExpr
2711 // to falseExpr, then the result type is of type falseExpr.Type
2713 conv = ConvertImplicit (ec, trueExpr, false_type, loc);
2716 // Check if both can convert implicitl to each other's type
2718 if (ConvertImplicit (ec, falseExpr, true_type, loc) != null){
2720 "Can not compute type of conditional expression " +
2721 "as `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (trueExpr.Type) +
2722 "' and `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (falseExpr.Type) +
2723 "' convert implicitly to each other");
2728 } else if ((conv = ConvertImplicit(ec, falseExpr, true_type,loc))!= null){
2732 Error (173, "The type of the conditional expression can " +
2733 "not be computed because there is no implicit conversion" +
2734 " from `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (trueExpr.Type) + "'" +
2735 " and `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (falseExpr.Type) + "'");
2740 if (expr is BoolConstant){
2741 BoolConstant bc = (BoolConstant) expr;
2752 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
2754 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2755 Label false_target = ig.DefineLabel ();
2756 Label end_target = ig.DefineLabel ();
2759 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, false_target);
2761 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, end_target);
2762 ig.MarkLabel (false_target);
2763 falseExpr.Emit (ec);
2764 ig.MarkLabel (end_target);
2772 public class LocalVariableReference : Expression, IAssignMethod, IMemoryLocation {
2773 public readonly string Name;
2774 public readonly Block Block;
2775 VariableInfo variable_info;
2778 public LocalVariableReference (Block block, string name, Location l)
2783 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
2786 // Setting `is_readonly' to false will allow you to create a writable
2787 // reference to a read-only variable. This is used by foreach and using.
2788 public LocalVariableReference (Block block, string name, Location l,
2789 VariableInfo variable_info, bool is_readonly)
2790 : this (block, name, l)
2792 this.variable_info = variable_info;
2793 this.is_readonly = is_readonly;
2796 public VariableInfo VariableInfo {
2798 if (variable_info == null) {
2799 variable_info = Block.GetVariableInfo (Name);
2800 is_readonly = variable_info.ReadOnly;
2802 return variable_info;
2806 public bool IsReadOnly {
2808 if (variable_info == null) {
2809 variable_info = Block.GetVariableInfo (Name);
2810 is_readonly = variable_info.ReadOnly;
2816 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
2818 VariableInfo vi = VariableInfo;
2820 if (Block.IsConstant (Name)) {
2821 Expression e = Block.GetConstantExpression (Name);
2827 if (!ec.IsVariableAssigned (vi)) {
2830 "Use of unassigned local variable `" + Name + "'");
2831 ec.SetVariableAssigned (vi);
2835 type = vi.VariableType;
2839 override public Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
2841 VariableInfo vi = VariableInfo;
2843 ec.SetVariableAssigned (vi);
2845 Expression e = DoResolve (ec);
2853 "cannot assign to `" + Name + "' because it is readonly");
2860 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
2862 VariableInfo vi = VariableInfo;
2863 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2865 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, vi.LocalBuilder);
2869 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
2871 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2872 VariableInfo vi = VariableInfo;
2878 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, vi.LocalBuilder);
2881 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp mode)
2883 VariableInfo vi = VariableInfo;
2885 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloca, vi.LocalBuilder);
2890 /// This represents a reference to a parameter in the intermediate
2893 public class ParameterReference : Expression, IAssignMethod, IMemoryLocation {
2897 public Parameter.Modifier mod;
2900 public ParameterReference (Parameters pars, int idx, string name, Location loc)
2906 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
2910 // Notice that for ref/out parameters, the type exposed is not the
2911 // same type exposed externally.
2914 // externally we expose "int&"
2915 // here we expose "int".
2917 // We record this in "is_ref". This means that the type system can treat
2918 // the type as it is expected, but when we generate the code, we generate
2919 // the alternate kind of code.
2921 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
2923 type = pars.GetParameterInfo (ec.DeclSpace, idx, out mod);
2924 is_ref = (mod & Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF) != 0;
2925 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
2927 if (((mod & (Parameter.Modifier.OUT)) != 0) && !ec.IsParameterAssigned (idx)) {
2930 "Use of unassigned local variable `" + name + "'");
2937 override public Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
2939 type = pars.GetParameterInfo (ec.DeclSpace, idx, out mod);
2940 is_ref = (mod & Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF) != 0;
2941 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
2943 if ((mod & Parameter.Modifier.OUT) != 0)
2944 ec.SetParameterAssigned (idx);
2949 static void EmitLdArg (ILGenerator ig, int x)
2953 case 0: ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0); break;
2954 case 1: ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_1); break;
2955 case 2: ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_2); break;
2956 case 3: ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_3); break;
2957 default: ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_S, (byte) x); break;
2960 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg, x);
2964 // This method is used by parameters that are references, that are
2965 // being passed as references: we only want to pass the pointer (that
2966 // is already stored in the parameter, not the address of the pointer,
2967 // and not the value of the variable).
2969 public void EmitLoad (EmitContext ec)
2971 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2977 EmitLdArg (ig, arg_idx);
2980 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
2982 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2988 EmitLdArg (ig, arg_idx);
2994 // If we are a reference, we loaded on the stack a pointer
2995 // Now lets load the real value
2997 LoadFromPtr (ig, type);
3000 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
3002 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3009 EmitLdArg (ig, arg_idx);
3014 StoreFromPtr (ig, type);
3017 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Starg_S, (byte) arg_idx);
3019 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Starg, arg_idx);
3023 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp mode)
3032 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_S, (byte) arg_idx);
3034 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg, arg_idx);
3037 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarga_S, (byte) arg_idx);
3039 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarga, arg_idx);
3045 /// Used for arguments to New(), Invocation()
3047 public class Argument {
3048 public enum AType : byte {
3054 public readonly AType ArgType;
3055 public Expression Expr;
3057 public Argument (Expression expr, AType type)
3060 this.ArgType = type;
3065 if (ArgType == AType.Ref || ArgType == AType.Out)
3066 return TypeManager.LookupType (Expr.Type.ToString () + "&");
3072 public Parameter.Modifier GetParameterModifier ()
3076 return Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF;
3079 return Parameter.Modifier.REF | Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF;
3082 return Parameter.Modifier.NONE;
3086 public static string FullDesc (Argument a)
3088 return (a.ArgType == AType.Ref ? "ref " :
3089 (a.ArgType == AType.Out ? "out " : "")) +
3090 TypeManager.CSharpName (a.Expr.Type);
3093 public bool ResolveMethodGroup (EmitContext ec, Location loc)
3095 // FIXME: csc doesn't report any error if you try to use `ref' or
3096 // `out' in a delegate creation expression.
3097 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.VariableOrValue | ResolveFlags.MethodGroup);
3104 public bool Resolve (EmitContext ec, Location loc)
3106 if (ArgType == AType.Ref) {
3107 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
3111 Expr = Expr.ResolveLValue (ec, Expr);
3112 } else if (ArgType == AType.Out)
3113 Expr = Expr.ResolveLValue (ec, new EmptyExpression ());
3115 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
3120 if (ArgType == AType.Expression)
3123 if (Expr.eclass != ExprClass.Variable){
3125 // We just probe to match the CSC output
3127 if (Expr.eclass == ExprClass.PropertyAccess ||
3128 Expr.eclass == ExprClass.IndexerAccess){
3131 "A property or indexer can not be passed as an out or ref " +
3136 "An lvalue is required as an argument to out or ref");
3144 public void Emit (EmitContext ec)
3147 // Ref and Out parameters need to have their addresses taken.
3149 // ParameterReferences might already be references, so we want
3150 // to pass just the value
3152 if (ArgType == AType.Ref || ArgType == AType.Out){
3153 AddressOp mode = AddressOp.Store;
3155 if (ArgType == AType.Ref)
3156 mode |= AddressOp.Load;
3158 if (Expr is ParameterReference){
3159 ParameterReference pr = (ParameterReference) Expr;
3165 pr.AddressOf (ec, mode);
3168 ((IMemoryLocation)Expr).AddressOf (ec, mode);
3175 /// Invocation of methods or delegates.
3177 public class Invocation : ExpressionStatement {
3178 public readonly ArrayList Arguments;
3181 MethodBase method = null;
3184 static Hashtable method_parameter_cache;
3186 static Invocation ()
3188 method_parameter_cache = new PtrHashtable ();
3192 // arguments is an ArrayList, but we do not want to typecast,
3193 // as it might be null.
3195 // FIXME: only allow expr to be a method invocation or a
3196 // delegate invocation (7.5.5)
3198 public Invocation (Expression expr, ArrayList arguments, Location l)
3201 Arguments = arguments;
3205 public Expression Expr {
3212 /// Returns the Parameters (a ParameterData interface) for the
3215 public static ParameterData GetParameterData (MethodBase mb)
3217 object pd = method_parameter_cache [mb];
3221 return (ParameterData) pd;
3224 ip = TypeManager.LookupParametersByBuilder (mb);
3226 method_parameter_cache [mb] = ip;
3228 return (ParameterData) ip;
3230 ParameterInfo [] pi = mb.GetParameters ();
3231 ReflectionParameters rp = new ReflectionParameters (pi);
3232 method_parameter_cache [mb] = rp;
3234 return (ParameterData) rp;
3239 /// Determines "better conversion" as specified in 7.4.2.3
3240 /// Returns : 1 if a->p is better
3241 /// 0 if a->q or neither is better
3243 static int BetterConversion (EmitContext ec, Argument a, Type p, Type q, Location loc)
3245 Type argument_type = a.Type;
3246 Expression argument_expr = a.Expr;
3248 if (argument_type == null)
3249 throw new Exception ("Expression of type " + a.Expr + " does not resolve its type");
3254 if (argument_type == p)
3257 if (argument_type == q)
3261 // Now probe whether an implicit constant expression conversion
3264 // An implicit constant expression conversion permits the following
3267 // * A constant-expression of type `int' can be converted to type
3268 // sbyte, byute, short, ushort, uint, ulong provided the value of
3269 // of the expression is withing the range of the destination type.
3271 // * A constant-expression of type long can be converted to type
3272 // ulong, provided the value of the constant expression is not negative
3274 // FIXME: Note that this assumes that constant folding has
3275 // taken place. We dont do constant folding yet.
3278 if (argument_expr is IntConstant){
3279 IntConstant ei = (IntConstant) argument_expr;
3280 int value = ei.Value;
3282 if (p == TypeManager.sbyte_type){
3283 if (value >= SByte.MinValue && value <= SByte.MaxValue)
3285 } else if (p == TypeManager.byte_type){
3286 if (Byte.MinValue >= 0 && value <= Byte.MaxValue)
3288 } else if (p == TypeManager.short_type){
3289 if (value >= Int16.MinValue && value <= Int16.MaxValue)
3291 } else if (p == TypeManager.ushort_type){
3292 if (value >= UInt16.MinValue && value <= UInt16.MaxValue)
3294 } else if (p == TypeManager.uint32_type){
3296 // we can optimize this case: a positive int32
3297 // always fits on a uint32
3301 } else if (p == TypeManager.uint64_type){
3303 // we can optimize this case: a positive int32
3304 // always fits on a uint64
3309 } else if (argument_type == TypeManager.int64_type && argument_expr is LongConstant){
3310 LongConstant lc = (LongConstant) argument_expr;
3312 if (p == TypeManager.uint64_type){
3319 Expression tmp = ConvertImplicit (ec, argument_expr, p, loc);
3327 Expression p_tmp = new EmptyExpression (p);
3328 Expression q_tmp = new EmptyExpression (q);
3330 if (StandardConversionExists (p_tmp, q) == true &&
3331 StandardConversionExists (q_tmp, p) == false)
3334 if (p == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
3335 if (q == TypeManager.byte_type || q == TypeManager.ushort_type ||
3336 q == TypeManager.uint32_type || q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
3339 if (p == TypeManager.short_type)
3340 if (q == TypeManager.ushort_type || q == TypeManager.uint32_type ||
3341 q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
3344 if (p == TypeManager.int32_type)
3345 if (q == TypeManager.uint32_type || q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
3348 if (p == TypeManager.int64_type)
3349 if (q == TypeManager.uint64_type)
3356 /// Determines "Better function"
3359 /// and returns an integer indicating :
3360 /// 0 if candidate ain't better
3361 /// 1 if candidate is better than the current best match
3363 static int BetterFunction (EmitContext ec, ArrayList args,
3364 MethodBase candidate, MethodBase best,
3365 bool expanded_form, Location loc)
3367 ParameterData candidate_pd = GetParameterData (candidate);
3368 ParameterData best_pd;
3374 argument_count = args.Count;
3376 int cand_count = candidate_pd.Count;
3378 if (cand_count == 0 && argument_count == 0)
3381 if (candidate_pd.ParameterModifier (cand_count - 1) != Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)
3382 if (cand_count != argument_count)
3388 if (argument_count == 0 && cand_count == 1 &&
3389 candidate_pd.ParameterModifier (cand_count - 1) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)
3392 for (int j = argument_count; j > 0;) {
3395 Argument a = (Argument) args [j];
3396 Type t = candidate_pd.ParameterType (j);
3398 if (candidate_pd.ParameterModifier (j) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)
3400 t = t.GetElementType ();
3402 x = BetterConversion (ec, a, t, null, loc);
3414 best_pd = GetParameterData (best);
3416 int rating1 = 0, rating2 = 0;
3418 for (int j = 0; j < argument_count; ++j) {
3421 Argument a = (Argument) args [j];
3423 Type ct = candidate_pd.ParameterType (j);
3424 Type bt = best_pd.ParameterType (j);
3426 if (candidate_pd.ParameterModifier (j) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)
3428 ct = ct.GetElementType ();
3430 if (best_pd.ParameterModifier (j) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)
3432 bt = bt.GetElementType ();
3434 x = BetterConversion (ec, a, ct, bt, loc);
3435 y = BetterConversion (ec, a, bt, ct, loc);
3444 if (rating1 > rating2)
3450 public static string FullMethodDesc (MethodBase mb)
3452 string ret_type = "";
3454 if (mb is MethodInfo)
3455 ret_type = TypeManager.CSharpName (((MethodInfo) mb).ReturnType);
3457 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder (ret_type + " " + mb.Name);
3458 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (mb);
3460 int count = pd.Count;
3463 for (int i = count; i > 0; ) {
3466 sb.Append (pd.ParameterDesc (count - i - 1));
3472 return sb.ToString ();
3475 public static MethodGroupExpr MakeUnionSet (Expression mg1, Expression mg2, Location loc)
3477 MemberInfo [] miset;
3478 MethodGroupExpr union;
3483 return (MethodGroupExpr) mg2;
3486 return (MethodGroupExpr) mg1;
3489 MethodGroupExpr left_set = null, right_set = null;
3490 int length1 = 0, length2 = 0;
3492 left_set = (MethodGroupExpr) mg1;
3493 length1 = left_set.Methods.Length;
3495 right_set = (MethodGroupExpr) mg2;
3496 length2 = right_set.Methods.Length;
3498 ArrayList common = new ArrayList ();
3500 foreach (MethodBase l in left_set.Methods){
3501 foreach (MethodBase r in right_set.Methods){
3509 miset = new MemberInfo [length1 + length2 - common.Count];
3510 left_set.Methods.CopyTo (miset, 0);
3514 foreach (MemberInfo mi in right_set.Methods){
3515 if (!common.Contains (mi))
3519 union = new MethodGroupExpr (miset, loc);
3525 /// Determines is the candidate method, if a params method, is applicable
3526 /// in its expanded form to the given set of arguments
3528 static bool IsParamsMethodApplicable (EmitContext ec, ArrayList arguments, MethodBase candidate)
3532 if (arguments == null)
3535 arg_count = arguments.Count;
3537 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (candidate);
3539 int pd_count = pd.Count;
3544 if (pd.ParameterModifier (pd_count - 1) != Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)
3547 if (pd_count - 1 > arg_count)
3550 if (pd_count == 1 && arg_count == 0)
3554 // If we have come this far, the case which remains is when the number of parameters
3555 // is less than or equal to the argument count.
3557 for (int i = 0; i < pd_count - 1; ++i) {
3559 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [i];
3561 Parameter.Modifier a_mod = a.GetParameterModifier () &
3562 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
3563 Parameter.Modifier p_mod = pd.ParameterModifier (i) &
3564 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
3566 if (a_mod == p_mod) {
3568 if (a_mod == Parameter.Modifier.NONE)
3569 if (!ImplicitConversionExists (ec, a.Expr, pd.ParameterType (i)))
3572 if ((a_mod & Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF) != 0) {
3573 Type pt = pd.ParameterType (i);
3576 pt = TypeManager.LookupType (pt.FullName + "&");
3586 Type element_type = pd.ParameterType (pd_count - 1).GetElementType ();
3588 for (int i = pd_count - 1; i < arg_count; i++) {
3589 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [i];
3591 if (!StandardConversionExists (a.Expr, element_type))
3599 /// Determines if the candidate method is applicable (section 14.4.2.1)
3600 /// to the given set of arguments
3602 static bool IsApplicable (EmitContext ec, ArrayList arguments, MethodBase candidate)
3606 if (arguments == null)
3609 arg_count = arguments.Count;
3611 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (candidate);
3613 int pd_count = pd.Count;
3615 if (arg_count != pd.Count)
3618 for (int i = arg_count; i > 0; ) {
3621 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [i];
3623 Parameter.Modifier a_mod = a.GetParameterModifier () &
3624 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
3625 Parameter.Modifier p_mod = pd.ParameterModifier (i) &
3626 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
3628 if (a_mod == p_mod ||
3629 (a_mod == Parameter.Modifier.NONE && p_mod == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS)) {
3630 if (a_mod == Parameter.Modifier.NONE)
3631 if (!ImplicitConversionExists (ec, a.Expr, pd.ParameterType (i)))
3634 if ((a_mod & Parameter.Modifier.ISBYREF) != 0) {
3635 Type pt = pd.ParameterType (i);
3638 pt = TypeManager.LookupType (pt.FullName + "&");
3653 /// Find the Applicable Function Members (7.4.2.1)
3655 /// me: Method Group expression with the members to select.
3656 /// it might contain constructors or methods (or anything
3657 /// that maps to a method).
3659 /// Arguments: ArrayList containing resolved Argument objects.
3661 /// loc: The location if we want an error to be reported, or a Null
3662 /// location for "probing" purposes.
3664 /// Returns: The MethodBase (either a ConstructorInfo or a MethodInfo)
3665 /// that is the best match of me on Arguments.
3668 public static MethodBase OverloadResolve (EmitContext ec, MethodGroupExpr me,
3669 ArrayList Arguments, Location loc)
3671 ArrayList afm = new ArrayList ();
3672 MethodBase method = null;
3673 Type current_type = null;
3675 ArrayList candidates = new ArrayList ();
3678 foreach (MethodBase candidate in me.Methods){
3681 // If we're going one level higher in the class hierarchy, abort if
3682 // we already found an applicable method.
3683 if (candidate.DeclaringType != current_type) {
3684 current_type = candidate.DeclaringType;
3689 // Check if candidate is applicable (section 14.4.2.1)
3690 if (!IsApplicable (ec, Arguments, candidate))
3693 candidates.Add (candidate);
3694 x = BetterFunction (ec, Arguments, candidate, method, false, loc);
3702 if (Arguments == null)
3705 argument_count = Arguments.Count;
3708 // Now we see if we can find params functions, applicable in their expanded form
3709 // since if they were applicable in their normal form, they would have been selected
3712 bool chose_params_expanded = false;
3714 if (method == null) {
3715 candidates = new ArrayList ();
3716 foreach (MethodBase candidate in me.Methods){
3717 if (!IsParamsMethodApplicable (ec, Arguments, candidate))
3720 candidates.Add (candidate);
3722 int x = BetterFunction (ec, Arguments, candidate, method, true, loc);
3727 chose_params_expanded = true;
3735 // Now check that there are no ambiguities i.e the selected method
3736 // should be better than all the others
3739 foreach (MethodBase candidate in candidates){
3740 if (candidate == method)
3744 // If a normal method is applicable in the sense that it has the same
3745 // number of arguments, then the expanded params method is never applicable
3746 // so we debar the params method.
3748 if (IsParamsMethodApplicable (ec, Arguments, candidate) &&
3749 IsApplicable (ec, Arguments, method))
3752 int x = BetterFunction (ec, Arguments, method, candidate,
3753 chose_params_expanded, loc);
3758 "Ambiguous call when selecting function due to implicit casts");
3764 // And now check if the arguments are all compatible, perform conversions
3765 // if necessary etc. and return if everything is all right
3768 if (VerifyArgumentsCompat (ec, Arguments, argument_count, method,
3769 chose_params_expanded, null, loc))
3775 public static bool VerifyArgumentsCompat (EmitContext ec, ArrayList Arguments,
3778 bool chose_params_expanded,
3782 ParameterData pd = GetParameterData (method);
3783 int pd_count = pd.Count;
3785 for (int j = 0; j < argument_count; j++) {
3786 Argument a = (Argument) Arguments [j];
3787 Expression a_expr = a.Expr;
3788 Type parameter_type = pd.ParameterType (j);
3790 if (pd.ParameterModifier (j) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS &&
3791 chose_params_expanded)
3792 parameter_type = parameter_type.GetElementType ();
3794 if (a.Type != parameter_type){
3797 conv = ConvertImplicit (ec, a_expr, parameter_type, loc);
3800 if (!Location.IsNull (loc)) {
3801 if (delegate_type == null)
3802 Report.Error (1502, loc,
3803 "The best overloaded match for method '" +
3804 FullMethodDesc (method) +
3805 "' has some invalid arguments");
3807 Report.Error (1594, loc,
3808 "Delegate '" + delegate_type.ToString () +
3809 "' has some invalid arguments.");
3810 Report.Error (1503, loc,
3811 "Argument " + (j+1) +
3812 ": Cannot convert from '" + Argument.FullDesc (a)
3813 + "' to '" + pd.ParameterDesc (j) + "'");
3820 // Update the argument with the implicit conversion
3826 Parameter.Modifier a_mod = a.GetParameterModifier () &
3827 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
3828 Parameter.Modifier p_mod = pd.ParameterModifier (j) &
3829 ~(Parameter.Modifier.OUT | Parameter.Modifier.REF);
3832 if (a_mod != p_mod &&
3833 pd.ParameterModifier (pd_count - 1) != Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS) {
3834 if (!Location.IsNull (loc)) {
3835 Console.WriteLine ("A:P: " + a.GetParameterModifier ());
3836 Console.WriteLine ("PP:: " + pd.ParameterModifier (j));
3837 Console.WriteLine ("PT: " + parameter_type.IsByRef);
3838 Report.Error (1502, loc,
3839 "The best overloaded match for method '" + FullMethodDesc (method)+
3840 "' has some invalid arguments");
3841 Report.Error (1503, loc,
3842 "Argument " + (j+1) +
3843 ": Cannot convert from '" + Argument.FullDesc (a)
3844 + "' to '" + pd.ParameterDesc (j) + "'");
3854 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
3857 // First, resolve the expression that is used to
3858 // trigger the invocation
3860 if (expr is BaseAccess)
3863 expr = expr.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.VariableOrValue | ResolveFlags.MethodGroup);
3867 if (!(expr is MethodGroupExpr)) {
3868 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
3870 if (expr_type != null){
3871 bool IsDelegate = TypeManager.IsDelegateType (expr_type);
3873 return (new DelegateInvocation (
3874 this.expr, Arguments, loc)).Resolve (ec);
3878 if (!(expr is MethodGroupExpr)){
3879 expr.Error118 (ResolveFlags.MethodGroup);
3884 // Next, evaluate all the expressions in the argument list
3886 if (Arguments != null){
3887 foreach (Argument a in Arguments){
3888 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
3893 method = OverloadResolve (ec, (MethodGroupExpr) this.expr, Arguments, loc);
3895 if (method == null){
3897 "Could not find any applicable function for this argument list");
3901 if (method is MethodInfo)
3902 type = TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (((MethodInfo)method).ReturnType);
3904 if (type.IsPointer){
3911 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
3916 // Emits the list of arguments as an array
3918 static void EmitParams (EmitContext ec, int idx, ArrayList arguments)
3920 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3921 int count = arguments.Count - idx;
3922 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [idx];
3923 Type t = a.Expr.Type;
3924 string array_type = t.FullName + "[]";
3927 array = ig.DeclareLocal (TypeManager.LookupType (array_type));
3928 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, count);
3929 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newarr, TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (t));
3930 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, array);
3932 int top = arguments.Count;
3933 for (int j = idx; j < top; j++){
3934 a = (Argument) arguments [j];
3936 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, array);
3937 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, j - idx);
3940 ArrayAccess.EmitStoreOpcode (ig, t);
3942 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, array);
3946 /// Emits a list of resolved Arguments that are in the arguments
3949 /// The MethodBase argument might be null if the
3950 /// emission of the arguments is known not to contain
3951 /// a `params' field (for example in constructors or other routines
3952 /// that keep their arguments in this structure)
3954 public static void EmitArguments (EmitContext ec, MethodBase mb, ArrayList arguments)
3958 pd = GetParameterData (mb);
3963 // If we are calling a params method with no arguments, special case it
3965 if (arguments == null){
3966 if (pd != null && pd.Count > 0 &&
3967 pd.ParameterModifier (0) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS){
3968 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3970 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, 0);
3971 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newarr, pd.ParameterType (0).GetElementType ());
3977 int top = arguments.Count;
3979 for (int i = 0; i < top; i++){
3980 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [i];
3983 if (pd.ParameterModifier (i) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS){
3985 // Special case if we are passing the same data as the
3986 // params argument, do not put it in an array.
3988 if (pd.ParameterType (i) == a.Type)
3991 EmitParams (ec, i, arguments);
3999 if (pd != null && pd.Count > top &&
4000 pd.ParameterModifier (top) == Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS){
4001 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
4003 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, 0);
4004 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newarr, pd.ParameterType (top).GetElementType ());
4009 /// is_base tells whether we want to force the use of the `call'
4010 /// opcode instead of using callvirt. Call is required to call
4011 /// a specific method, while callvirt will always use the most
4012 /// recent method in the vtable.
4014 /// is_static tells whether this is an invocation on a static method
4016 /// instance_expr is an expression that represents the instance
4017 /// it must be non-null if is_static is false.
4019 /// method is the method to invoke.
4021 /// Arguments is the list of arguments to pass to the method or constructor.
4023 public static void EmitCall (EmitContext ec, bool is_base,
4024 bool is_static, Expression instance_expr,
4025 MethodBase method, ArrayList Arguments, Location loc)
4027 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
4028 bool struct_call = false;
4030 Type decl_type = method.DeclaringType;
4032 if (!RootContext.StdLib) {
4033 // Replace any calls to the system's System.Array type with calls to
4034 // the newly created one.
4035 if (method == TypeManager.system_int_array_get_length)
4036 method = TypeManager.int_array_get_length;
4037 else if (method == TypeManager.system_int_array_get_rank)
4038 method = TypeManager.int_array_get_rank;
4039 else if (method == TypeManager.system_object_array_clone)
4040 method = TypeManager.object_array_clone;
4041 else if (method == TypeManager.system_int_array_get_length_int)
4042 method = TypeManager.int_array_get_length_int;
4043 else if (method == TypeManager.system_int_array_get_lower_bound_int)
4044 method = TypeManager.int_array_get_lower_bound_int;
4045 else if (method == TypeManager.system_int_array_get_upper_bound_int)
4046 method = TypeManager.int_array_get_upper_bound_int;
4047 else if (method == TypeManager.system_void_array_copyto_array_int)
4048 method = TypeManager.void_array_copyto_array_int;
4052 // This checks the `ConditionalAttribute' on the method, and the
4053 // ObsoleteAttribute
4055 TypeManager.MethodFlags flags = TypeManager.GetMethodFlags (method, loc);
4056 if ((flags & TypeManager.MethodFlags.IsObsoleteError) != 0)
4058 if ((flags & TypeManager.MethodFlags.ShouldIgnore) != 0)
4062 if (decl_type.IsValueType)
4065 // If this is ourselves, push "this"
4067 if (instance_expr == null){
4068 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
4071 // Push the instance expression
4073 if (instance_expr.Type.IsValueType){
4075 // Special case: calls to a function declared in a
4076 // reference-type with a value-type argument need
4077 // to have their value boxed.
4080 if (decl_type.IsValueType){
4082 // If the expression implements IMemoryLocation, then
4083 // we can optimize and use AddressOf on the
4086 // If not we have to use some temporary storage for
4088 if (instance_expr is IMemoryLocation){
4089 ((IMemoryLocation)instance_expr).
4090 AddressOf (ec, AddressOp.LoadStore);
4093 Type t = instance_expr.Type;
4095 instance_expr.Emit (ec);
4096 LocalBuilder temp = ig.DeclareLocal (t);
4097 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, temp);
4098 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloca, temp);
4101 instance_expr.Emit (ec);
4102 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Box, instance_expr.Type);
4105 instance_expr.Emit (ec);
4109 EmitArguments (ec, method, Arguments);
4111 if (is_static || struct_call || is_base){
4112 if (method is MethodInfo) {
4113 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method);
4115 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
4117 if (method is MethodInfo)
4118 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, (MethodInfo) method);
4120 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, (ConstructorInfo) method);
4124 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4126 MethodGroupExpr mg = (MethodGroupExpr) this.expr;
4129 ec, is_base, method.IsStatic, mg.InstanceExpression, method, Arguments, loc);
4132 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
4137 // Pop the return value if there is one
4139 if (method is MethodInfo){
4140 Type ret = ((MethodInfo)method).ReturnType;
4141 if (TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (ret) != TypeManager.void_type)
4142 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
4148 // This class is used to "disable" the code generation for the
4149 // temporary variable when initializing value types.
4151 class EmptyAddressOf : EmptyExpression, IMemoryLocation {
4152 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp Mode)
4159 /// Implements the new expression
4161 public class New : ExpressionStatement {
4162 public readonly ArrayList Arguments;
4163 public readonly Expression RequestedType;
4165 MethodBase method = null;
4168 // If set, the new expression is for a value_target, and
4169 // we will not leave anything on the stack.
4171 Expression value_target;
4172 bool value_target_set = false;
4174 public New (Expression requested_type, ArrayList arguments, Location l)
4176 RequestedType = requested_type;
4177 Arguments = arguments;
4181 public Expression ValueTypeVariable {
4183 return value_target;
4187 value_target = value;
4188 value_target_set = true;
4193 // This function is used to disable the following code sequence for
4194 // value type initialization:
4196 // AddressOf (temporary)
4200 // Instead the provide will have provided us with the address on the
4201 // stack to store the results.
4203 static Expression MyEmptyExpression;
4205 public void DisableTemporaryValueType ()
4207 if (MyEmptyExpression == null)
4208 MyEmptyExpression = new EmptyAddressOf ();
4211 // To enable this, look into:
4212 // test-34 and test-89 and self bootstrapping.
4214 // For instance, we can avoid a copy by using `newobj'
4215 // instead of Call + Push-temp on value types.
4216 // value_target = MyEmptyExpression;
4219 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4221 type = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (RequestedType, false, loc);
4226 bool IsDelegate = TypeManager.IsDelegateType (type);
4229 return (new NewDelegate (type, Arguments, loc)).Resolve (ec);
4231 if (type.IsInterface || type.IsAbstract){
4233 144, "It is not possible to create instances of interfaces " +
4234 "or abstract classes");
4238 bool is_struct = false;
4239 is_struct = type.IsValueType;
4240 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
4243 // SRE returns a match for .ctor () on structs (the object constructor),
4244 // so we have to manually ignore it.
4246 if (is_struct && Arguments == null)
4250 ml = MemberLookupFinal (ec, type, ".ctor",
4251 MemberTypes.Constructor,
4252 AllBindingFlags | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly, loc);
4257 if (! (ml is MethodGroupExpr)){
4259 ml.Error118 ("method group");
4265 if (Arguments != null){
4266 foreach (Argument a in Arguments){
4267 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
4272 method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (ec, (MethodGroupExpr) ml,
4277 if (method == null) {
4278 if (!is_struct || Arguments.Count > 0) {
4280 "New invocation: Can not find a constructor for " +
4281 "this argument list");
4289 // This DoEmit can be invoked in two contexts:
4290 // * As a mechanism that will leave a value on the stack (new object)
4291 // * As one that wont (init struct)
4293 // You can control whether a value is required on the stack by passing
4294 // need_value_on_stack. The code *might* leave a value on the stack
4295 // so it must be popped manually
4297 // If we are dealing with a ValueType, we have a few
4298 // situations to deal with:
4300 // * The target is a ValueType, and we have been provided
4301 // the instance (this is easy, we are being assigned).
4303 // * The target of New is being passed as an argument,
4304 // to a boxing operation or a function that takes a
4307 // In this case, we need to create a temporary variable
4308 // that is the argument of New.
4310 // Returns whether a value is left on the stack
4312 bool DoEmit (EmitContext ec, bool need_value_on_stack)
4314 bool is_value_type = type.IsValueType;
4315 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
4320 // Allow DoEmit() to be called multiple times.
4321 // We need to create a new LocalTemporary each time since
4322 // you can't share LocalBuilders among ILGeneators.
4323 if (!value_target_set)
4324 value_target = new LocalTemporary (ec, type);
4326 ml = (IMemoryLocation) value_target;
4327 ml.AddressOf (ec, AddressOp.Store);
4331 Invocation.EmitArguments (ec, method, Arguments);
4335 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Initobj, type);
4337 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
4338 if (need_value_on_stack){
4339 value_target.Emit (ec);
4344 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newobj, (ConstructorInfo) method);
4349 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
4354 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
4356 if (DoEmit (ec, false))
4357 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
4362 /// 14.5.10.2: Represents an array creation expression.
4366 /// There are two possible scenarios here: one is an array creation
4367 /// expression that specifies the dimensions and optionally the
4368 /// initialization data and the other which does not need dimensions
4369 /// specified but where initialization data is mandatory.
4371 public class ArrayCreation : ExpressionStatement {
4372 Expression requested_base_type;
4373 ArrayList initializers;
4376 // The list of Argument types.
4377 // This is used to construct the `newarray' or constructor signature
4379 ArrayList arguments;
4382 // Method used to create the array object.
4384 MethodBase new_method = null;
4386 Type array_element_type;
4387 Type underlying_type;
4388 bool is_one_dimensional = false;
4389 bool is_builtin_type = false;
4390 bool expect_initializers = false;
4391 int num_arguments = 0;
4395 ArrayList array_data;
4400 // The number of array initializers that we can handle
4401 // via the InitializeArray method - through EmitStaticInitializers
4403 int num_automatic_initializers;
4405 public ArrayCreation (Expression requested_base_type, ArrayList exprs, string rank, ArrayList initializers, Location l)
4407 this.requested_base_type = requested_base_type;
4408 this.initializers = initializers;
4412 arguments = new ArrayList ();
4414 foreach (Expression e in exprs) {
4415 arguments.Add (new Argument (e, Argument.AType.Expression));
4420 public ArrayCreation (Expression requested_base_type, string rank, ArrayList initializers, Location l)
4422 this.requested_base_type = requested_base_type;
4423 this.initializers = initializers;
4427 //this.rank = rank.Substring (0, rank.LastIndexOf ("["));
4429 //string tmp = rank.Substring (rank.LastIndexOf ("["));
4431 //dimensions = tmp.Length - 1;
4432 expect_initializers = true;
4435 public Expression FormArrayType (Expression base_type, int idx_count, string rank)
4437 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder (rank);
4440 for (int i = 1; i < idx_count; i++)
4445 return new ComposedCast (base_type, sb.ToString (), loc);
4450 Error (178, "Incorrectly structured array initializer");
4453 public bool CheckIndices (EmitContext ec, ArrayList probe, int idx, bool specified_dims)
4455 if (specified_dims) {
4456 Argument a = (Argument) arguments [idx];
4458 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
4461 if (!(a.Expr is Constant)) {
4462 Error (150, "A constant value is expected");
4466 int value = (int) ((Constant) a.Expr).GetValue ();
4468 if (value != probe.Count) {
4473 bounds [idx] = value;
4476 foreach (object o in probe) {
4477 if (o is ArrayList) {
4478 bool ret = CheckIndices (ec, (ArrayList) o, idx + 1, specified_dims);
4482 Expression tmp = (Expression) o;
4483 tmp = tmp.Resolve (ec);
4487 // Console.WriteLine ("I got: " + tmp);
4488 // Handle initialization from vars, fields etc.
4490 Expression conv = ConvertImplicitRequired (
4491 ec, tmp, underlying_type, loc);
4496 if (conv is StringConstant)
4497 array_data.Add (conv);
4498 else if (conv is Constant) {
4499 array_data.Add (conv);
4500 num_automatic_initializers++;
4502 array_data.Add (conv);
4509 public void UpdateIndices (EmitContext ec)
4512 for (ArrayList probe = initializers; probe != null;) {
4513 if (probe.Count > 0 && probe [0] is ArrayList) {
4514 Expression e = new IntConstant (probe.Count);
4515 arguments.Add (new Argument (e, Argument.AType.Expression));
4517 bounds [i++] = probe.Count;
4519 probe = (ArrayList) probe [0];
4522 Expression e = new IntConstant (probe.Count);
4523 arguments.Add (new Argument (e, Argument.AType.Expression));
4525 bounds [i++] = probe.Count;
4532 public bool ValidateInitializers (EmitContext ec, Type array_type)
4534 if (initializers == null) {
4535 if (expect_initializers)
4541 if (underlying_type == null)
4545 // We use this to store all the date values in the order in which we
4546 // will need to store them in the byte blob later
4548 array_data = new ArrayList ();
4549 bounds = new Hashtable ();
4553 if (arguments != null) {
4554 ret = CheckIndices (ec, initializers, 0, true);
4557 arguments = new ArrayList ();
4559 ret = CheckIndices (ec, initializers, 0, false);
4566 if (arguments.Count != dimensions) {
4575 void Error_NegativeArrayIndex ()
4577 Error (284, "Can not create array with a negative size");
4581 // Converts `source' to an int, uint, long or ulong.
4583 Expression ExpressionToArrayArgument (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
4587 bool old_checked = ec.CheckState;
4588 ec.CheckState = true;
4590 target = ConvertImplicit (ec, source, TypeManager.int32_type, loc);
4591 if (target == null){
4592 target = ConvertImplicit (ec, source, TypeManager.uint32_type, loc);
4593 if (target == null){
4594 target = ConvertImplicit (ec, source, TypeManager.int64_type, loc);
4595 if (target == null){
4596 target = ConvertImplicit (ec, source, TypeManager.uint64_type, loc);
4598 Expression.Error_CannotConvertImplicit (loc, source.Type, TypeManager.int32_type);
4602 ec.CheckState = old_checked;
4605 // Only positive constants are allowed at compile time
4607 if (target is Constant){
4608 if (target is IntConstant){
4609 if (((IntConstant) target).Value < 0){
4610 Error_NegativeArrayIndex ();
4615 if (target is LongConstant){
4616 if (((LongConstant) target).Value < 0){
4617 Error_NegativeArrayIndex ();
4628 // Creates the type of the array
4630 bool LookupType (EmitContext ec)
4632 StringBuilder array_qualifier = new StringBuilder (rank);
4635 // `In the first form allocates an array instace of the type that results
4636 // from deleting each of the individual expression from the expression list'
4638 if (num_arguments > 0) {
4639 array_qualifier.Append ("[");
4640 for (int i = num_arguments-1; i > 0; i--)
4641 array_qualifier.Append (",");
4642 array_qualifier.Append ("]");
4648 Expression array_type_expr;
4649 array_type_expr = new ComposedCast (requested_base_type, array_qualifier.ToString (), loc);
4650 type = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (array_type_expr, false, loc);
4655 underlying_type = type;
4656 if (underlying_type.IsArray)
4657 underlying_type = TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (underlying_type.GetElementType ());
4658 dimensions = type.GetArrayRank ();
4663 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
4667 if (!LookupType (ec))
4671 // First step is to validate the initializers and fill
4672 // in any missing bits
4674 if (!ValidateInitializers (ec, type))
4677 if (arguments == null)
4680 arg_count = arguments.Count;
4681 foreach (Argument a in arguments){
4682 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
4685 Expression real_arg = ExpressionToArrayArgument (ec, a.Expr, loc);
4686 if (real_arg == null)
4693 array_element_type = TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (type.GetElementType ());
4695 if (arg_count == 1) {
4696 is_one_dimensional = true;
4697 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
4701 is_builtin_type = TypeManager.IsBuiltinType (type);
4703 if (is_builtin_type) {
4706 ml = MemberLookup (ec, type, ".ctor", MemberTypes.Constructor,
4707 AllBindingFlags, loc);
4709 if (!(ml is MethodGroupExpr)) {
4710 ml.Error118 ("method group");
4715 Error (-6, "New invocation: Can not find a constructor for " +
4716 "this argument list");
4720 new_method = Invocation.OverloadResolve (ec, (MethodGroupExpr) ml, arguments, loc);
4722 if (new_method == null) {
4723 Error (-6, "New invocation: Can not find a constructor for " +
4724 "this argument list");
4728 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
4731 ModuleBuilder mb = CodeGen.ModuleBuilder;
4732 ArrayList args = new ArrayList ();
4734 if (arguments != null) {
4735 for (int i = 0; i < arg_count; i++)
4736 args.Add (TypeManager.int32_type);
4739 Type [] arg_types = null;
4742 arg_types = new Type [args.Count];
4744 args.CopyTo (arg_types, 0);
4746 new_method = mb.GetArrayMethod (type, ".ctor", CallingConventions.HasThis, null,
4749 if (new_method == null) {
4750 Error (-6, "New invocation: Can not find a constructor for " +
4751 "this argument list");
4755 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
4760 public static byte [] MakeByteBlob (ArrayList array_data, Type underlying_type, Location loc)
4765 int count = array_data.Count;
4767 factor = GetTypeSize (underlying_type);
4771 data = new byte [(count * factor + 4) & ~3];
4774 for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
4775 object v = array_data [i];
4777 if (v is EnumConstant)
4778 v = ((EnumConstant) v).Child;
4780 if (v is Constant && !(v is StringConstant))
4781 v = ((Constant) v).GetValue ();
4787 if (underlying_type == TypeManager.int64_type){
4788 if (!(v is Expression)){
4789 long val = (long) v;
4791 for (int j = 0; j < factor; ++j) {
4792 data [idx + j] = (byte) (val & 0xFF);
4796 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
4797 if (!(v is Expression)){
4798 ulong val = (ulong) v;
4800 for (int j = 0; j < factor; ++j) {
4801 data [idx + j] = (byte) (val & 0xFF);
4805 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.float_type) {
4806 if (!(v is Expression)){
4807 element = BitConverter.GetBytes ((float) v);
4809 for (int j = 0; j < factor; ++j)
4810 data [idx + j] = element [j];
4812 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.double_type) {
4813 if (!(v is Expression)){
4814 element = BitConverter.GetBytes ((double) v);
4816 for (int j = 0; j < factor; ++j)
4817 data [idx + j] = element [j];
4819 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.char_type){
4820 if (!(v is Expression)){
4821 int val = (int) ((char) v);
4823 data [idx] = (byte) (val & 0xff);
4824 data [idx+1] = (byte) (val >> 8);
4826 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.short_type){
4827 if (!(v is Expression)){
4828 int val = (int) ((short) v);
4830 data [idx] = (byte) (val & 0xff);
4831 data [idx+1] = (byte) (val >> 8);
4833 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.ushort_type){
4834 if (!(v is Expression)){
4835 int val = (int) ((ushort) v);
4837 data [idx] = (byte) (val & 0xff);
4838 data [idx+1] = (byte) (val >> 8);
4840 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.int32_type) {
4841 if (!(v is Expression)){
4844 data [idx] = (byte) (val & 0xff);
4845 data [idx+1] = (byte) ((val >> 8) & 0xff);
4846 data [idx+2] = (byte) ((val >> 16) & 0xff);
4847 data [idx+3] = (byte) (val >> 24);
4849 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.uint32_type) {
4850 if (!(v is Expression)){
4851 uint val = (uint) v;
4853 data [idx] = (byte) (val & 0xff);
4854 data [idx+1] = (byte) ((val >> 8) & 0xff);
4855 data [idx+2] = (byte) ((val >> 16) & 0xff);
4856 data [idx+3] = (byte) (val >> 24);
4858 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type) {
4859 if (!(v is Expression)){
4860 sbyte val = (sbyte) v;
4861 data [idx] = (byte) val;
4863 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.byte_type) {
4864 if (!(v is Expression)){
4865 byte val = (byte) v;
4866 data [idx] = (byte) val;
4868 } else if (underlying_type == TypeManager.bool_type) {
4869 if (!(v is Expression)){
4870 bool val = (bool) v;
4871 data [idx] = (byte) (val ? 1 : 0);
4874 throw new Exception ("Unrecognized type in MakeByteBlob");
4883 // Emits the initializers for the array
4885 void EmitStaticInitializers (EmitContext ec, bool is_expression)
4888 // First, the static data
4891 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
4893 byte [] data = MakeByteBlob (array_data, underlying_type, loc);
4896 fb = RootContext.MakeStaticData (data);
4899 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
4900 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldtoken, fb);
4901 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call,
4902 TypeManager.void_initializearray_array_fieldhandle);
4907 // Emits pieces of the array that can not be computed at compile
4908 // time (variables and string locations).
4910 // This always expect the top value on the stack to be the array
4912 void EmitDynamicInitializers (EmitContext ec, bool is_expression)
4914 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
4915 int dims = bounds.Count;
4916 int [] current_pos = new int [dims];
4917 int top = array_data.Count;
4918 LocalBuilder temp = ig.DeclareLocal (type);
4920 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, temp);
4922 MethodInfo set = null;
4926 ModuleBuilder mb = null;
4927 mb = CodeGen.ModuleBuilder;
4928 args = new Type [dims + 1];
4931 for (j = 0; j < dims; j++)
4932 args [j] = TypeManager.int32_type;
4934 args [j] = array_element_type;
4936 set = mb.GetArrayMethod (
4938 CallingConventions.HasThis | CallingConventions.Standard,
4939 TypeManager.void_type, args);
4942 for (int i = 0; i < top; i++){
4944 Expression e = null;
4946 if (array_data [i] is Expression)
4947 e = (Expression) array_data [i];
4951 // Basically we do this for string literals and
4952 // other non-literal expressions
4954 if (e is StringConstant || !(e is Constant) ||
4955 num_automatic_initializers <= 2) {
4956 Type etype = e.Type;
4958 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, temp);
4960 for (int idx = dims; idx > 0; ) {
4962 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, current_pos [idx]);
4966 // If we are dealing with a struct, get the
4967 // address of it, so we can store it.
4970 etype.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.value_type) &&
4971 (!TypeManager.IsBuiltinType (etype) ||
4972 etype == TypeManager.decimal_type)) {
4977 // Let new know that we are providing
4978 // the address where to store the results
4980 n.DisableTemporaryValueType ();
4983 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, etype);
4989 ArrayAccess.EmitStoreOpcode (ig, array_element_type);
4991 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, set);
4998 for (int j = 0; j < dims; j++){
5000 if (current_pos [j] < (int) bounds [j])
5002 current_pos [j] = 0;
5007 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, temp);
5010 void EmitArrayArguments (EmitContext ec)
5012 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
5014 foreach (Argument a in arguments) {
5015 Type atype = a.Type;
5018 if (atype == TypeManager.uint64_type)
5019 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_U4);
5020 else if (atype == TypeManager.int64_type)
5021 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I4);
5025 void DoEmit (EmitContext ec, bool is_statement)
5027 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
5029 EmitArrayArguments (ec);
5030 if (is_one_dimensional)
5031 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newarr, array_element_type);
5033 if (is_builtin_type)
5034 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newobj, (ConstructorInfo) new_method);
5036 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Newobj, (MethodInfo) new_method);
5039 if (initializers != null){
5041 // FIXME: Set this variable correctly.
5043 bool dynamic_initializers = true;
5045 if (underlying_type != TypeManager.string_type &&
5046 underlying_type != TypeManager.object_type) {
5047 if (num_automatic_initializers > 2)
5048 EmitStaticInitializers (ec, dynamic_initializers || !is_statement);
5051 if (dynamic_initializers)
5052 EmitDynamicInitializers (ec, !is_statement);
5056 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5061 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
5069 /// Represents the `this' construct
5071 public class This : Expression, IAssignMethod, IMemoryLocation {
5073 public This (Location loc)
5078 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5080 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
5081 type = ec.ContainerType;
5085 "Keyword this not valid in static code");
5092 override public Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
5096 if (ec.TypeContainer is Class){
5097 Error (1604, "Cannot assign to `this'");
5104 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5106 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
5108 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
5109 if (ec.TypeContainer is Struct)
5110 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldobj, type);
5113 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
5115 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
5117 if (ec.TypeContainer is Struct){
5118 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
5120 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stobj, type);
5123 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Starg, 0);
5127 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp mode)
5129 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
5132 // FIGURE OUT WHY LDARG_S does not work
5134 // consider: struct X { int val; int P { set { val = value; }}}
5136 // Yes, this looks very bad. Look at `NOTAS' for
5138 // ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarga_S, (byte) 0);
5143 /// Implements the typeof operator
5145 public class TypeOf : Expression {
5146 public readonly Expression QueriedType;
5149 public TypeOf (Expression queried_type, Location l)
5151 QueriedType = queried_type;
5155 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5157 typearg = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (QueriedType, false, loc);
5159 if (typearg == null)
5162 type = TypeManager.type_type;
5163 eclass = ExprClass.Type;
5167 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5169 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldtoken, typearg);
5170 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, TypeManager.system_type_get_type_from_handle);
5173 public Type TypeArg {
5174 get { return typearg; }
5179 /// Implements the sizeof expression
5181 public class SizeOf : Expression {
5182 public readonly Expression QueriedType;
5185 public SizeOf (Expression queried_type, Location l)
5187 this.QueriedType = queried_type;
5191 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5193 type_queried = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (QueriedType, false, loc);
5194 if (type_queried == null)
5197 type = TypeManager.int32_type;
5198 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
5202 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5204 int size = GetTypeSize (type_queried);
5207 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sizeof, type_queried);
5209 IntConstant.EmitInt (ec.ig, size);
5214 /// Implements the member access expression
5216 public class MemberAccess : Expression {
5217 public readonly string Identifier;
5219 Expression member_lookup;
5221 public MemberAccess (Expression expr, string id, Location l)
5228 public Expression Expr {
5234 static void error176 (Location loc, string name)
5236 Report.Error (176, loc, "Static member `" +
5237 name + "' cannot be accessed " +
5238 "with an instance reference, qualify with a " +
5239 "type name instead");
5242 static bool IdenticalNameAndTypeName (EmitContext ec, Expression left_original, Location loc)
5244 if (left_original == null)
5247 if (!(left_original is SimpleName))
5250 SimpleName sn = (SimpleName) left_original;
5252 Type t = RootContext.LookupType (ec.DeclSpace, sn.Name, true, loc);
5259 public static Expression ResolveMemberAccess (EmitContext ec, Expression member_lookup,
5260 Expression left, Location loc,
5261 Expression left_original)
5263 bool left_is_type, left_is_explicit;
5265 // If `left' is null, then we're called from SimpleNameResolve and this is
5266 // a member in the currently defining class.
5268 left_is_type = ec.IsStatic;
5269 left_is_explicit = false;
5271 // Implicitly default to `this' unless we're static.
5272 if (!ec.IsStatic && !ec.InEnumContext)
5275 left_is_type = left is TypeExpr;
5276 left_is_explicit = true;
5282 if (member_lookup is MethodGroupExpr){
5283 MethodGroupExpr mg = (MethodGroupExpr) member_lookup;
5289 if (!mg.RemoveInstanceMethods ()){
5290 SimpleName.Error_ObjectRefRequired (loc, mg.Methods [0].Name);
5294 return member_lookup;
5298 // Instance.MethodGroup
5300 if (IdenticalNameAndTypeName (ec, left_original, loc)){
5301 if (mg.RemoveInstanceMethods ())
5302 return member_lookup;
5305 if (!mg.RemoveStaticMethods ()){
5306 error176 (loc, mg.Methods [0].Name);
5310 mg.InstanceExpression = left;
5311 return member_lookup;
5313 if (!mg.RemoveStaticMethods ()){
5314 if (IdenticalNameAndTypeName (ec, left_original, loc)){
5315 if (!mg.RemoveInstanceMethods ()){
5316 SimpleName.Error_ObjectRefRequired (loc, mg.Methods [0].Name);
5319 return member_lookup;
5322 error176 (loc, mg.Methods [0].Name);
5326 mg.InstanceExpression = left;
5328 return member_lookup;
5332 if (member_lookup is FieldExpr){
5333 FieldExpr fe = (FieldExpr) member_lookup;
5334 FieldInfo fi = fe.FieldInfo;
5335 Type decl_type = fi.DeclaringType;
5337 if (fi is FieldBuilder) {
5338 Const c = TypeManager.LookupConstant ((FieldBuilder) fi);
5341 object o = c.LookupConstantValue (ec);
5342 object real_value = ((Constant) c.Expr).GetValue ();
5344 return Constantify (real_value, fi.FieldType);
5349 Type t = fi.FieldType;
5353 if (fi is FieldBuilder)
5354 o = TypeManager.GetValue ((FieldBuilder) fi);
5356 o = fi.GetValue (fi);
5358 if (decl_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type)) {
5359 Expression enum_member = MemberLookup (
5360 ec, decl_type, "value__", MemberTypes.Field,
5361 AllBindingFlags, loc);
5363 Enum en = TypeManager.LookupEnum (decl_type);
5367 c = Constantify (o, en.UnderlyingType);
5369 c = Constantify (o, enum_member.Type);
5371 return new EnumConstant (c, decl_type);
5374 Expression exp = Constantify (o, t);
5376 if (left_is_explicit && !left_is_type) {
5377 error176 (loc, fe.FieldInfo.Name);
5384 if (fi.FieldType.IsPointer && !ec.InUnsafe){
5390 if (member_lookup is EventExpr) {
5391 EventExpr ee = (EventExpr) member_lookup;
5394 // If the event is local to this class, we transform ourselves into
5398 Expression ml = MemberLookup (
5399 ec, ec.ContainerType, ee.EventInfo.Name, MemberTypes.Event,
5400 AllBindingFlags | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly, loc);
5403 MemberInfo mi = GetFieldFromEvent ((EventExpr) ml);
5407 // If this happens, then we have an event with its own
5408 // accessors and private field etc so there's no need
5409 // to transform ourselves : we should instead flag an error
5411 Assign.error70 (ee.EventInfo, loc);
5415 ml = ExprClassFromMemberInfo (ec, mi, loc);
5418 Report.Error (-200, loc, "Internal error!!");
5421 return ResolveMemberAccess (ec, ml, left, loc, left_original);
5425 if (member_lookup is IMemberExpr) {
5426 IMemberExpr me = (IMemberExpr) member_lookup;
5430 if (IdenticalNameAndTypeName (ec, left_original, loc))
5431 return member_lookup;
5433 SimpleName.Error_ObjectRefRequired (loc, me.Name);
5438 if (IdenticalNameAndTypeName (ec, left_original, loc))
5439 return member_lookup;
5441 if (left_is_explicit) {
5442 error176 (loc, me.Name);
5448 // Since we can not check for instance objects in SimpleName,
5449 // becaue of the rule that allows types and variables to share
5450 // the name (as long as they can be de-ambiguated later, see
5451 // IdenticalNameAndTypeName), we have to check whether left
5452 // is an instance variable in a static context
5454 // However, if the left-hand value is explicitly given, then
5455 // it is already our instance expression, so we aren't in
5459 if (ec.IsStatic && !left_is_explicit && left is IMemberExpr){
5460 IMemberExpr mexp = (IMemberExpr) left;
5462 if (!mexp.IsStatic){
5463 SimpleName.Error_ObjectRefRequired (loc, mexp.Name);
5468 me.InstanceExpression = left;
5471 return member_lookup;
5474 if (member_lookup is TypeExpr){
5475 member_lookup.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.Type);
5476 return member_lookup;
5479 Console.WriteLine ("Left is: " + left);
5480 Report.Error (-100, loc, "Support for [" + member_lookup + "] is not present yet");
5481 Environment.Exit (0);
5485 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5488 throw new Exception ();
5490 // We are the sole users of ResolveWithSimpleName (ie, the only
5491 // ones that can cope with it)
5493 Expression original = expr;
5494 expr = expr.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.VariableOrValue | ResolveFlags.SimpleName |
5500 if (expr is SimpleName){
5501 SimpleName child_expr = (SimpleName) expr;
5503 Expression new_expr = new SimpleName (child_expr.Name + "." + Identifier, loc);
5505 return new_expr.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.VariableOrValue |
5506 ResolveFlags.SimpleName | ResolveFlags.Type);
5510 // TODO: I mailed Ravi about this, and apparently we can get rid
5511 // of this and put it in the right place.
5513 // Handle enums here when they are in transit.
5514 // Note that we cannot afford to hit MemberLookup in this case because
5515 // it will fail to find any members at all
5518 int errors = Report.Errors;
5520 Type expr_type = expr.Type;
5521 if ((expr is TypeExpr) && (expr_type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type))){
5523 Enum en = TypeManager.LookupEnum (expr_type);
5526 object value = en.LookupEnumValue (ec, Identifier, loc);
5529 Constant c = Constantify (value, en.UnderlyingType);
5530 return new EnumConstant (c, expr_type);
5535 if (expr_type.IsPointer){
5536 Error (23, "The `.' operator can not be applied to pointer operands (" +
5537 TypeManager.CSharpName (expr_type) + ")");
5541 member_lookup = MemberLookup (ec, expr_type, Identifier, loc);
5543 if (member_lookup == null){
5544 // Error has already been reported.
5545 if (errors < Report.Errors)
5549 // Try looking the member up from the same type, if we find
5550 // it, we know that the error was due to limited visibility
5552 object lookup = TypeManager.MemberLookup (
5553 expr_type, expr_type, AllMemberTypes, AllBindingFlags, Identifier);
5555 Error (117, "`" + expr_type + "' does not contain a " +
5556 "definition for `" + Identifier + "'");
5558 Error (122, "`" + expr_type + "." + Identifier + "' " +
5559 "is inaccessible because of its protection level");
5564 return ResolveMemberAccess (ec, member_lookup, expr, loc, original);
5567 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5569 throw new Exception ("Should not happen");
5572 public override string ToString ()
5574 return expr + "." + Identifier;
5579 /// Implements checked expressions
5581 public class CheckedExpr : Expression {
5583 public Expression Expr;
5585 public CheckedExpr (Expression e, Location l)
5591 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5593 bool last_const_check = ec.ConstantCheckState;
5595 ec.ConstantCheckState = true;
5596 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
5597 ec.ConstantCheckState = last_const_check;
5602 eclass = Expr.eclass;
5607 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5609 bool last_check = ec.CheckState;
5610 bool last_const_check = ec.ConstantCheckState;
5612 ec.CheckState = true;
5613 ec.ConstantCheckState = true;
5615 ec.CheckState = last_check;
5616 ec.ConstantCheckState = last_const_check;
5622 /// Implements the unchecked expression
5624 public class UnCheckedExpr : Expression {
5626 public Expression Expr;
5628 public UnCheckedExpr (Expression e, Location l)
5634 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5636 bool last_const_check = ec.ConstantCheckState;
5638 ec.ConstantCheckState = false;
5639 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
5640 ec.ConstantCheckState = last_const_check;
5645 eclass = Expr.eclass;
5650 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5652 bool last_check = ec.CheckState;
5653 bool last_const_check = ec.ConstantCheckState;
5655 ec.CheckState = false;
5656 ec.ConstantCheckState = false;
5658 ec.CheckState = last_check;
5659 ec.ConstantCheckState = last_const_check;
5665 /// An Element Access expression.
5667 /// During semantic analysis these are transformed into
5668 /// IndexerAccess or ArrayAccess
5670 public class ElementAccess : Expression {
5671 public ArrayList Arguments;
5672 public Expression Expr;
5674 public ElementAccess (Expression e, ArrayList e_list, Location l)
5683 Arguments = new ArrayList ();
5684 foreach (Expression tmp in e_list)
5685 Arguments.Add (new Argument (tmp, Argument.AType.Expression));
5689 bool CommonResolve (EmitContext ec)
5691 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
5696 if (Arguments == null)
5699 foreach (Argument a in Arguments){
5700 if (!a.Resolve (ec, loc))
5707 Expression MakePointerAccess ()
5711 if (t == TypeManager.void_ptr_type){
5714 "The array index operation is not valid for void pointers");
5717 if (Arguments.Count != 1){
5720 "A pointer must be indexed by a single value");
5723 Expression p = new PointerArithmetic (true, Expr, ((Argument)Arguments [0]).Expr,
5725 return new Indirection (p, loc);
5728 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5730 if (!CommonResolve (ec))
5734 // We perform some simple tests, and then to "split" the emit and store
5735 // code we create an instance of a different class, and return that.
5737 // I am experimenting with this pattern.
5742 return (new ArrayAccess (this, loc)).Resolve (ec);
5743 else if (t.IsPointer)
5744 return MakePointerAccess ();
5746 return (new IndexerAccess (this, loc)).Resolve (ec);
5749 public override Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
5751 if (!CommonResolve (ec))
5756 return (new ArrayAccess (this, loc)).ResolveLValue (ec, right_side);
5757 else if (t.IsPointer)
5758 return MakePointerAccess ();
5760 return (new IndexerAccess (this, loc)).ResolveLValue (ec, right_side);
5763 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
5765 throw new Exception ("Should never be reached");
5770 /// Implements array access
5772 public class ArrayAccess : Expression, IAssignMethod, IMemoryLocation {
5774 // Points to our "data" repository
5778 LocalTemporary [] cached_locations;
5780 public ArrayAccess (ElementAccess ea_data, Location l)
5783 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
5787 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
5789 ExprClass eclass = ea.Expr.eclass;
5792 // As long as the type is valid
5793 if (!(eclass == ExprClass.Variable || eclass == ExprClass.PropertyAccess ||
5794 eclass == ExprClass.Value)) {
5795 ea.Expr.Error118 ("variable or value");
5800 Type t = ea.Expr.Type;
5801 if (t.GetArrayRank () != ea.Arguments.Count){
5803 "Incorrect number of indexes for array " +
5804 " expected: " + t.GetArrayRank () + " got: " +
5805 ea.Arguments.Count);
5808 type = TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (t.GetElementType ());
5809 if (type.IsPointer && !ec.InUnsafe){
5810 UnsafeError (ea.Location);
5814 foreach (Argument a in ea.Arguments){
5815 Type argtype = a.Type;
5817 if (argtype == TypeManager.int32_type ||
5818 argtype == TypeManager.uint32_type ||
5819 argtype == TypeManager.int64_type ||
5820 argtype == TypeManager.uint64_type)
5824 // Mhm. This is strage, because the Argument.Type is not the same as
5825 // Argument.Expr.Type: the value changes depending on the ref/out setting.
5827 // Wonder if I will run into trouble for this.
5829 a.Expr = ExpressionToArrayArgument (ec, a.Expr, ea.Location);
5834 eclass = ExprClass.Variable;
5840 /// Emits the right opcode to load an object of Type `t'
5841 /// from an array of T
5843 static public void EmitLoadOpcode (ILGenerator ig, Type type)
5845 if (type == TypeManager.byte_type || type == TypeManager.bool_type)
5846 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_U1);
5847 else if (type == TypeManager.sbyte_type)
5848 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I1);
5849 else if (type == TypeManager.short_type)
5850 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I2);
5851 else if (type == TypeManager.ushort_type || type == TypeManager.char_type)
5852 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_U2);
5853 else if (type == TypeManager.int32_type)
5854 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I4);
5855 else if (type == TypeManager.uint32_type)
5856 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_U4);
5857 else if (type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
5858 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I8);
5859 else if (type == TypeManager.int64_type)
5860 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I8);
5861 else if (type == TypeManager.float_type)
5862 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_R4);
5863 else if (type == TypeManager.double_type)
5864 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_R8);
5865 else if (type == TypeManager.intptr_type)
5866 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_I);
5867 else if (type.IsValueType){
5868 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, type);
5869 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldobj, type);
5871 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelem_Ref);
5875 /// Emits the right opcode to store an object of Type `t'
5876 /// from an array of T.
5878 static public void EmitStoreOpcode (ILGenerator ig, Type t)
5880 t = TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (t);
5881 if (t == TypeManager.byte_type || t == TypeManager.sbyte_type ||
5882 t == TypeManager.bool_type)
5883 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_I1);
5884 else if (t == TypeManager.short_type || t == TypeManager.ushort_type || t == TypeManager.char_type)
5885 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_I2);
5886 else if (t == TypeManager.int32_type || t == TypeManager.uint32_type)
5887 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_I4);
5888 else if (t == TypeManager.int64_type || t == TypeManager.uint64_type)
5889 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_I8);
5890 else if (t == TypeManager.float_type)
5891 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_R4);
5892 else if (t == TypeManager.double_type)
5893 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_R8);
5894 else if (t == TypeManager.intptr_type)
5895 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_I);
5896 else if (t.IsValueType)
5897 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stobj, t);
5899 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stelem_Ref);
5902 MethodInfo FetchGetMethod ()
5904 ModuleBuilder mb = CodeGen.ModuleBuilder;
5905 int arg_count = ea.Arguments.Count;
5906 Type [] args = new Type [arg_count];
5909 for (int i = 0; i < arg_count; i++){
5910 //args [i++] = a.Type;
5911 args [i] = TypeManager.int32_type;
5914 get = mb.GetArrayMethod (
5915 ea.Expr.Type, "Get",
5916 CallingConventions.HasThis |
5917 CallingConventions.Standard,
5923 MethodInfo FetchAddressMethod ()
5925 ModuleBuilder mb = CodeGen.ModuleBuilder;
5926 int arg_count = ea.Arguments.Count;
5927 Type [] args = new Type [arg_count];
5929 string ptr_type_name;
5932 ptr_type_name = type.FullName + "&";
5933 ret_type = Type.GetType (ptr_type_name);
5936 // It is a type defined by the source code we are compiling
5938 if (ret_type == null){
5939 ret_type = mb.GetType (ptr_type_name);
5942 for (int i = 0; i < arg_count; i++){
5943 //args [i++] = a.Type;
5944 args [i] = TypeManager.int32_type;
5947 address = mb.GetArrayMethod (
5948 ea.Expr.Type, "Address",
5949 CallingConventions.HasThis |
5950 CallingConventions.Standard,
5957 // Load the array arguments into the stack.
5959 // If we have been requested to cache the values (cached_locations array
5960 // initialized), then load the arguments the first time and store them
5961 // in locals. otherwise load from local variables.
5963 void LoadArrayAndArguments (EmitContext ec)
5965 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
5967 if (cached_locations == null){
5969 foreach (Argument a in ea.Arguments){
5970 Type argtype = a.Expr.Type;
5974 if (argtype == TypeManager.int64_type)
5975 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I);
5976 else if (argtype == TypeManager.uint64_type)
5977 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I_Un);
5982 if (cached_locations [0] == null){
5983 cached_locations [0] = new LocalTemporary (ec, ea.Expr.Type);
5985 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
5986 cached_locations [0].Store (ec);
5990 foreach (Argument a in ea.Arguments){
5991 Type argtype = a.Expr.Type;
5993 cached_locations [j] = new LocalTemporary (ec, TypeManager.intptr_type /* a.Expr.Type */);
5995 if (argtype == TypeManager.int64_type)
5996 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I);
5997 else if (argtype == TypeManager.uint64_type)
5998 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_Ovf_I_Un);
6000 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
6001 cached_locations [j].Store (ec);
6007 foreach (LocalTemporary lt in cached_locations)
6011 public new void CacheTemporaries (EmitContext ec)
6013 cached_locations = new LocalTemporary [ea.Arguments.Count + 1];
6016 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6018 int rank = ea.Expr.Type.GetArrayRank ();
6019 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6021 LoadArrayAndArguments (ec);
6024 EmitLoadOpcode (ig, type);
6028 method = FetchGetMethod ();
6029 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, method);
6033 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
6035 int rank = ea.Expr.Type.GetArrayRank ();
6036 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6037 Type t = source.Type;
6039 LoadArrayAndArguments (ec);
6042 // The stobj opcode used by value types will need
6043 // an address on the stack, not really an array/array
6047 if (t.IsValueType && !TypeManager.IsBuiltinType (t))
6048 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, t);
6054 EmitStoreOpcode (ig, t);
6056 ModuleBuilder mb = CodeGen.ModuleBuilder;
6057 int arg_count = ea.Arguments.Count;
6058 Type [] args = new Type [arg_count + 1];
6061 for (int i = 0; i < arg_count; i++){
6062 //args [i++] = a.Type;
6063 args [i] = TypeManager.int32_type;
6066 args [arg_count] = type;
6068 set = mb.GetArrayMethod (
6069 ea.Expr.Type, "Set",
6070 CallingConventions.HasThis |
6071 CallingConventions.Standard,
6072 TypeManager.void_type, args);
6074 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, set);
6078 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp mode)
6080 int rank = ea.Expr.Type.GetArrayRank ();
6081 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6083 LoadArrayAndArguments (ec);
6086 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, type);
6088 MethodInfo address = FetchAddressMethod ();
6089 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, address);
6096 public ArrayList getters, setters;
6097 static Hashtable map;
6101 map = new Hashtable ();
6104 Indexers (MemberInfo [] mi)
6106 foreach (PropertyInfo property in mi){
6107 MethodInfo get, set;
6109 get = property.GetGetMethod (true);
6111 if (getters == null)
6112 getters = new ArrayList ();
6117 set = property.GetSetMethod (true);
6119 if (setters == null)
6120 setters = new ArrayList ();
6126 static private Indexers GetIndexersForTypeOrInterface (Type caller_type, Type lookup_type)
6128 Indexers ix = (Indexers) map [lookup_type];
6133 string p_name = TypeManager.IndexerPropertyName (lookup_type);
6135 MemberInfo [] mi = TypeManager.MemberLookup (
6136 caller_type, lookup_type, MemberTypes.Property,
6137 BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance, p_name);
6139 if (mi == null || mi.Length == 0)
6142 ix = new Indexers (mi);
6143 map [lookup_type] = ix;
6148 static public Indexers GetIndexersForType (Type caller_type, Type lookup_type, Location loc)
6150 Indexers ix = (Indexers) map [lookup_type];
6155 ix = GetIndexersForTypeOrInterface (caller_type, lookup_type);
6159 Type [] ifaces = TypeManager.GetInterfaces (lookup_type);
6160 if (ifaces != null) {
6161 foreach (Type itype in ifaces) {
6162 ix = GetIndexersForTypeOrInterface (caller_type, itype);
6168 Report.Error (21, loc,
6169 "Type `" + TypeManager.CSharpName (lookup_type) +
6170 "' does not have any indexers defined");
6176 /// Expressions that represent an indexer call.
6178 public class IndexerAccess : Expression, IAssignMethod {
6180 // Points to our "data" repository
6183 MethodInfo get, set;
6185 ArrayList set_arguments;
6187 public IndexerAccess (ElementAccess ea_data, Location l)
6190 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
6194 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6196 Type indexer_type = ea.Expr.Type;
6199 // Step 1: Query for all `Item' *properties*. Notice
6200 // that the actual methods are pointed from here.
6202 // This is a group of properties, piles of them.
6205 ilist = Indexers.GetIndexersForType (
6206 ec.ContainerType, indexer_type, ea.Location);
6210 // Step 2: find the proper match
6212 if (ilist != null && ilist.getters != null && ilist.getters.Count > 0){
6213 Location loc = ea.Location;
6215 get = (MethodInfo) Invocation.OverloadResolve (
6216 ec, new MethodGroupExpr (ilist.getters, loc), ea.Arguments, loc);
6220 ea.Error (154, "indexer can not be used in this context, because " +
6221 "it lacks a `get' accessor");
6225 type = get.ReturnType;
6226 if (type.IsPointer && !ec.InUnsafe){
6227 UnsafeError (ea.Location);
6231 eclass = ExprClass.IndexerAccess;
6235 public override Expression DoResolveLValue (EmitContext ec, Expression right_side)
6237 Type indexer_type = ea.Expr.Type;
6238 Type right_type = right_side.Type;
6241 ilist = Indexers.GetIndexersForType (
6242 ec.ContainerType, indexer_type, ea.Location);
6244 if (ilist != null && ilist.setters != null && ilist.setters.Count > 0){
6245 Location loc = ea.Location;
6247 set_arguments = (ArrayList) ea.Arguments.Clone ();
6248 set_arguments.Add (new Argument (right_side, Argument.AType.Expression));
6250 set = (MethodInfo) Invocation.OverloadResolve (
6251 ec, new MethodGroupExpr (ilist.setters, loc), set_arguments, loc);
6255 ea.Error (200, "indexer X.this [" + TypeManager.CSharpName (right_type) +
6256 "] lacks a `set' accessor");
6260 type = TypeManager.void_type;
6261 eclass = ExprClass.IndexerAccess;
6265 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6267 Invocation.EmitCall (ec, false, false, ea.Expr, get, ea.Arguments, ea.Location);
6271 // source is ignored, because we already have a copy of it from the
6272 // LValue resolution and we have already constructed a pre-cached
6273 // version of the arguments (ea.set_arguments);
6275 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source)
6277 Invocation.EmitCall (ec, false, false, ea.Expr, set, set_arguments, ea.Location);
6282 /// The base operator for method names
6284 public class BaseAccess : Expression {
6287 public BaseAccess (string member, Location l)
6289 this.member = member;
6293 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6295 Expression member_lookup;
6296 Type current_type = ec.ContainerType;
6297 Type base_type = current_type.BaseType;
6302 "Keyword base is not allowed in static method");
6306 member_lookup = MemberLookup (ec, base_type, member, loc);
6307 if (member_lookup == null) {
6309 TypeManager.CSharpName (base_type) + " does not " +
6310 "contain a definition for `" + member + "'");
6317 left = new TypeExpr (base_type, loc);
6321 e = MemberAccess.ResolveMemberAccess (ec, member_lookup, left, loc, null);
6323 if (e is PropertyExpr){
6324 PropertyExpr pe = (PropertyExpr) e;
6332 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6334 throw new Exception ("Should never be called");
6339 /// The base indexer operator
6341 public class BaseIndexerAccess : Expression {
6342 ArrayList Arguments;
6344 public BaseIndexerAccess (ArrayList args, Location l)
6350 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6352 Type current_type = ec.ContainerType;
6353 Type base_type = current_type.BaseType;
6354 Expression member_lookup;
6358 "Keyword base is not allowed in static method");
6362 member_lookup = MemberLookup (ec, base_type, "get_Item", MemberTypes.Method, AllBindingFlags, loc);
6363 if (member_lookup == null)
6366 return MemberAccess.ResolveMemberAccess (ec, member_lookup, ec.This, loc, null);
6369 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6371 throw new Exception ("Should never be called");
6376 /// This class exists solely to pass the Type around and to be a dummy
6377 /// that can be passed to the conversion functions (this is used by
6378 /// foreach implementation to typecast the object return value from
6379 /// get_Current into the proper type. All code has been generated and
6380 /// we only care about the side effect conversions to be performed
6382 /// This is also now used as a placeholder where a no-action expression
6383 /// is needed (the `New' class).
6385 public class EmptyExpression : Expression {
6386 public EmptyExpression ()
6388 type = TypeManager.object_type;
6389 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
6390 loc = Location.Null;
6393 public EmptyExpression (Type t)
6396 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
6397 loc = Location.Null;
6400 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6405 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6407 // nothing, as we only exist to not do anything.
6411 // This is just because we might want to reuse this bad boy
6412 // instead of creating gazillions of EmptyExpressions.
6413 // (CanConvertImplicit uses it)
6415 public void SetType (Type t)
6421 public class UserCast : Expression {
6425 public UserCast (MethodInfo method, Expression source, Location l)
6427 this.method = method;
6428 this.source = source;
6429 type = method.ReturnType;
6430 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
6434 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6437 // We are born fully resolved
6442 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6444 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6448 if (method is MethodInfo)
6449 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (MethodInfo) method);
6451 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, (ConstructorInfo) method);
6457 // This class is used to "construct" the type during a typecast
6458 // operation. Since the Type.GetType class in .NET can parse
6459 // the type specification, we just use this to construct the type
6460 // one bit at a time.
6462 public class ComposedCast : Expression {
6466 public ComposedCast (Expression left, string dim, Location l)
6473 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6475 left = left.Resolve (ec, ResolveFlags.Type);
6479 type = RootContext.LookupType (
6480 ec.DeclSpace, left.Type.FullName + dim, false, loc);
6484 if (!ec.ResolvingTypeTree){
6486 // If the above flag is set, this is being invoked from the ResolveType function.
6487 // Upper layers take care of the type validity in this context.
6489 if (!ec.InUnsafe && type.IsPointer){
6495 eclass = ExprClass.Type;
6499 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6501 throw new Exception ("This should never be called");
6504 public override string ToString ()
6511 // This class is used to represent the address of an array, used
6512 // only by the Fixed statement, this is like the C "&a [0]" construct.
6514 public class ArrayPtr : Expression {
6517 public ArrayPtr (Expression array, Location l)
6519 Type array_type = array.Type.GetElementType ();
6523 string array_ptr_type_name = array_type.FullName + "*";
6525 type = Type.GetType (array_ptr_type_name);
6527 ModuleBuilder mb = CodeGen.ModuleBuilder;
6529 type = mb.GetType (array_ptr_type_name);
6532 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
6536 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6538 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6541 IntLiteral.EmitInt (ig, 0);
6542 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldelema, array.Type.GetElementType ());
6545 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6548 // We are born fully resolved
6555 // Used by the fixed statement
6557 public class StringPtr : Expression {
6560 public StringPtr (LocalBuilder b, Location l)
6563 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
6564 type = TypeManager.char_ptr_type;
6568 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6570 // This should never be invoked, we are born in fully
6571 // initialized state.
6576 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6578 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6580 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, b);
6581 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I);
6582 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, TypeManager.int_get_offset_to_string_data);
6583 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
6588 // Implements the `stackalloc' keyword
6590 public class StackAlloc : Expression {
6595 public StackAlloc (Expression type, Expression count, Location l)
6602 public override Expression DoResolve (EmitContext ec)
6604 count = count.Resolve (ec);
6608 if (count.Type != TypeManager.int32_type){
6609 count = ConvertImplicitRequired (ec, count, TypeManager.int32_type, loc);
6614 if (ec.InCatch || ec.InFinally){
6616 "stackalloc can not be used in a catch or finally block");
6620 otype = ec.DeclSpace.ResolveType (t, false, loc);
6625 if (!TypeManager.VerifyUnManaged (otype, loc))
6628 string ptr_name = otype.FullName + "*";
6629 type = Type.GetType (ptr_name);
6631 ModuleBuilder mb = CodeGen.ModuleBuilder;
6633 type = mb.GetType (ptr_name);
6635 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
6640 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
6642 int size = GetTypeSize (otype);
6643 ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
6646 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sizeof, otype);
6648 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, size);
6650 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Mul);
6651 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Localloc);