2 // anonymous.cs: Support for anonymous methods and types
5 // Miguel de Icaza (miguel@ximain.com)
6 // Marek Safar (marek.safar@gmail.com)
8 // Dual licensed under the terms of the MIT X11 or GNU GPL
9 // Copyright 2003-2011 Novell, Inc.
10 // Copyright 2011 Xamarin Inc
14 using System.Collections.Generic;
15 using Mono.CompilerServices.SymbolWriter;
16 using System.Diagnostics;
19 using IKVM.Reflection;
20 using IKVM.Reflection.Emit;
22 using System.Reflection;
23 using System.Reflection.Emit;
26 namespace Mono.CSharp {
28 public abstract class CompilerGeneratedContainer : ClassOrStruct
30 protected CompilerGeneratedContainer (TypeContainer parent, MemberName name, Modifiers mod)
31 : this (parent, name, mod, MemberKind.Class)
35 protected CompilerGeneratedContainer (TypeContainer parent, MemberName name, Modifiers mod, MemberKind kind)
36 : base (parent, name, null, kind)
38 Debug.Assert ((mod & Modifiers.AccessibilityMask) != 0);
40 ModFlags = mod | Modifiers.COMPILER_GENERATED | Modifiers.SEALED;
41 spec = new TypeSpec (Kind, null, this, null, ModFlags);
44 protected void CheckMembersDefined ()
46 if (HasMembersDefined)
47 throw new InternalErrorException ("Helper class already defined!");
50 protected override bool DoDefineMembers ()
52 if (Kind == MemberKind.Class && !IsStatic && !PartialContainer.HasInstanceConstructor) {
53 DefineDefaultConstructor (false);
56 return base.DoDefineMembers ();
59 protected static MemberName MakeMemberName (MemberBase host, string name, int unique_id, TypeParameters tparams, Location loc)
61 string host_name = host == null ? null : host is InterfaceMemberBase ? ((InterfaceMemberBase)host).GetFullName (host.MemberName) : host.MemberName.Name;
62 string tname = MakeName (host_name, "c", name, unique_id);
63 TypeParameters args = null;
64 if (tparams != null) {
65 args = new TypeParameters (tparams.Count);
67 // Type parameters will be filled later when we have TypeContainer
68 // instance, for now we need only correct arity to create valid name
69 for (int i = 0; i < tparams.Count; ++i)
70 args.Add ((TypeParameter) null);
73 return new MemberName (tname, args, loc);
76 public static string MakeName (string host, string typePrefix, string name, int id)
78 return "<" + host + ">" + typePrefix + "__" + name + id.ToString ("X");
81 protected override TypeSpec[] ResolveBaseTypes (out FullNamedExpression base_class)
83 base_type = Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Object;
90 public class HoistedStoreyClass : CompilerGeneratedContainer
92 public sealed class HoistedField : Field
94 public HoistedField (HoistedStoreyClass parent, FullNamedExpression type, Modifiers mod, string name,
95 Attributes attrs, Location loc)
96 : base (parent, type, mod, new MemberName (name, loc), attrs)
100 protected override bool ResolveMemberType ()
102 if (!base.ResolveMemberType ())
105 HoistedStoreyClass parent = ((HoistedStoreyClass) Parent).GetGenericStorey ();
106 if (parent != null && parent.Mutator != null)
107 member_type = parent.Mutator.Mutate (MemberType);
113 protected TypeParameterMutator mutator;
115 public HoistedStoreyClass (TypeDefinition parent, MemberName name, TypeParameters tparams, Modifiers mods, MemberKind kind)
116 : base (parent, name, mods | Modifiers.PRIVATE, kind)
119 if (tparams != null) {
120 var type_params = name.TypeParameters;
121 var src = new TypeParameterSpec[tparams.Count];
122 var dst = new TypeParameterSpec[tparams.Count];
124 for (int i = 0; i < tparams.Count; ++i) {
125 type_params[i] = tparams[i].CreateHoistedCopy (spec);
127 src[i] = tparams[i].Type;
128 dst[i] = type_params[i].Type;
131 // A copy is not enough, inflate any type parameter constraints
132 // using a new type parameters
133 var inflator = new TypeParameterInflator (this, null, src, dst);
134 for (int i = 0; i < tparams.Count; ++i) {
135 src[i].InflateConstraints (inflator, dst[i]);
138 mutator = new TypeParameterMutator (tparams, type_params);
144 public TypeParameterMutator Mutator {
155 public HoistedStoreyClass GetGenericStorey ()
157 TypeContainer storey = this;
158 while (storey != null && storey.CurrentTypeParameters == null)
159 storey = storey.Parent;
161 return storey as HoistedStoreyClass;
167 // Anonymous method storey is created when an anonymous method uses
168 // variable or parameter from outer scope. They are then hoisted to
169 // anonymous method storey (captured)
171 public class AnonymousMethodStorey : HoistedStoreyClass
173 struct StoreyFieldPair
175 public readonly AnonymousMethodStorey Storey;
176 public readonly Field Field;
178 public StoreyFieldPair (AnonymousMethodStorey storey, Field field)
180 this.Storey = storey;
186 // Needed to delay hoisted _this_ initialization. When an anonymous
187 // method is used inside ctor and _this_ is hoisted, base ctor has to
188 // be called first, otherwise _this_ will be initialized with
189 // uninitialized value.
191 sealed class ThisInitializer : Statement
193 readonly HoistedThis hoisted_this;
194 readonly AnonymousMethodStorey parent;
196 public ThisInitializer (HoistedThis hoisted_this, AnonymousMethodStorey parent)
198 this.hoisted_this = hoisted_this;
199 this.parent = parent;
202 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
207 source = new CompilerGeneratedThis (ec.CurrentType, loc);
209 source = new FieldExpr (parent.HoistedThis.Field, Location.Null) {
210 InstanceExpression = new CompilerGeneratedThis (ec.CurrentType, Location.Null)
214 hoisted_this.EmitAssign (ec, source, false, false);
217 protected override bool DoFlowAnalysis (FlowAnalysisContext fc)
222 protected override void CloneTo (CloneContext clonectx, Statement target)
229 public readonly int ID;
231 public readonly ExplicitBlock OriginalSourceBlock;
233 // A list of StoreyFieldPair with local field keeping parent storey instance
234 List<StoreyFieldPair> used_parent_storeys;
235 List<ExplicitBlock> children_references;
237 // A list of hoisted parameters
238 protected List<HoistedParameter> hoisted_params;
239 List<HoistedParameter> hoisted_local_params;
240 protected List<HoistedVariable> hoisted_locals;
243 protected HoistedThis hoisted_this;
245 // Local variable which holds this storey instance
246 public Expression Instance;
248 bool initialize_hoisted_this;
249 AnonymousMethodStorey hoisted_this_parent;
251 public AnonymousMethodStorey (ExplicitBlock block, TypeDefinition parent, MemberBase host, TypeParameters tparams, string name, MemberKind kind)
252 : base (parent, MakeMemberName (host, name, parent.PartialContainer.CounterAnonymousContainers, tparams, block.StartLocation),
255 OriginalSourceBlock = block;
256 ID = parent.PartialContainer.CounterAnonymousContainers++;
259 public void AddCapturedThisField (EmitContext ec, AnonymousMethodStorey parent)
261 TypeExpr type_expr = new TypeExpression (ec.CurrentType, Location);
262 Field f = AddCompilerGeneratedField ("$this", type_expr);
263 hoisted_this = new HoistedThis (this, f);
265 initialize_hoisted_this = true;
266 hoisted_this_parent = parent;
269 public Field AddCapturedVariable (string name, TypeSpec type)
271 CheckMembersDefined ();
273 FullNamedExpression field_type = new TypeExpression (type, Location);
274 if (!spec.IsGenericOrParentIsGeneric)
275 return AddCompilerGeneratedField (name, field_type);
277 const Modifiers mod = Modifiers.INTERNAL | Modifiers.COMPILER_GENERATED;
278 Field f = new HoistedField (this, field_type, mod, name, null, Location);
283 protected Field AddCompilerGeneratedField (string name, FullNamedExpression type)
285 return AddCompilerGeneratedField (name, type, false);
288 protected Field AddCompilerGeneratedField (string name, FullNamedExpression type, bool privateAccess)
290 Modifiers mod = Modifiers.COMPILER_GENERATED | (privateAccess ? Modifiers.PRIVATE : Modifiers.INTERNAL);
291 Field f = new Field (this, type, mod, new MemberName (name, Location), null);
297 // Creates a link between hoisted variable block and the anonymous method storey
299 // An anonymous method can reference variables from any outer block, but they are
300 // hoisted in their own ExplicitBlock. When more than one block is referenced we
301 // need to create another link between those variable storeys
303 public void AddReferenceFromChildrenBlock (ExplicitBlock block)
305 if (children_references == null)
306 children_references = new List<ExplicitBlock> ();
308 if (!children_references.Contains (block))
309 children_references.Add (block);
312 public void AddParentStoreyReference (EmitContext ec, AnonymousMethodStorey storey)
314 CheckMembersDefined ();
316 if (used_parent_storeys == null)
317 used_parent_storeys = new List<StoreyFieldPair> ();
318 else if (used_parent_storeys.Exists (i => i.Storey == storey))
321 TypeExpr type_expr = storey.CreateStoreyTypeExpression (ec);
322 Field f = AddCompilerGeneratedField ("<>f__ref$" + storey.ID, type_expr);
323 used_parent_storeys.Add (new StoreyFieldPair (storey, f));
326 public void CaptureLocalVariable (ResolveContext ec, LocalVariable localVariable)
328 if (this is StateMachine) {
329 if (ec.CurrentBlock.ParametersBlock != localVariable.Block.ParametersBlock)
330 ec.CurrentBlock.Explicit.HasCapturedVariable = true;
332 ec.CurrentBlock.Explicit.HasCapturedVariable = true;
335 var hoisted = localVariable.HoistedVariant;
336 if (hoisted != null && hoisted.Storey != this && hoisted.Storey is StateMachine) {
338 // Variable is already hoisted but we need it in storey which can be shared
340 hoisted.Storey.hoisted_locals.Remove (hoisted);
341 hoisted.Storey.Members.Remove (hoisted.Field);
345 if (hoisted == null) {
346 hoisted = new HoistedLocalVariable (this, localVariable, GetVariableMangledName (localVariable));
347 localVariable.HoistedVariant = hoisted;
349 if (hoisted_locals == null)
350 hoisted_locals = new List<HoistedVariable> ();
352 hoisted_locals.Add (hoisted);
355 if (ec.CurrentBlock.Explicit != localVariable.Block.Explicit && !(hoisted.Storey is StateMachine))
356 hoisted.Storey.AddReferenceFromChildrenBlock (ec.CurrentBlock.Explicit);
359 public void CaptureParameter (ResolveContext ec, ParametersBlock.ParameterInfo parameterInfo, ParameterReference parameterReference)
361 if (!(this is StateMachine)) {
362 ec.CurrentBlock.Explicit.HasCapturedVariable = true;
365 var hoisted = parameterInfo.Parameter.HoistedVariant;
367 if (parameterInfo.Block.StateMachine != null) {
369 // Another storey in same block exists but state machine does not
370 // have parameter captured. We need to add it there as well to
371 // proxy parameter value correctly.
373 if (hoisted == null && parameterInfo.Block.StateMachine != this) {
374 var storey = parameterInfo.Block.StateMachine;
376 hoisted = new HoistedParameter (storey, parameterReference);
377 parameterInfo.Parameter.HoistedVariant = hoisted;
379 if (storey.hoisted_params == null)
380 storey.hoisted_params = new List<HoistedParameter> ();
382 storey.hoisted_params.Add (hoisted);
386 // Lift captured parameter from value type storey to reference type one. Otherwise
387 // any side effects would be done on a copy
389 if (hoisted != null && hoisted.Storey != this && hoisted.Storey is StateMachine) {
390 if (hoisted_local_params == null)
391 hoisted_local_params = new List<HoistedParameter> ();
393 hoisted_local_params.Add (hoisted);
398 if (hoisted == null) {
399 hoisted = new HoistedParameter (this, parameterReference);
400 parameterInfo.Parameter.HoistedVariant = hoisted;
402 if (hoisted_params == null)
403 hoisted_params = new List<HoistedParameter> ();
405 hoisted_params.Add (hoisted);
409 // Register link between current block and parameter storey. It will
410 // be used when setting up storey definition to deploy storey reference
411 // when parameters are used from multiple blocks
413 if (ec.CurrentBlock.Explicit != parameterInfo.Block) {
414 hoisted.Storey.AddReferenceFromChildrenBlock (ec.CurrentBlock.Explicit);
418 TypeExpr CreateStoreyTypeExpression (EmitContext ec)
421 // Create an instance of storey type
423 TypeExpr storey_type_expr;
424 if (CurrentTypeParameters != null) {
426 // Use current method type parameter (MVAR) for top level storey only. All
427 // nested storeys use class type parameter (VAR)
429 var tparams = ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod != null && ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey != null ?
430 ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey.CurrentTypeParameters :
431 ec.CurrentTypeParameters;
433 TypeArguments targs = new TypeArguments ();
436 // Use type parameter name instead of resolved type parameter
437 // specification to resolve to correctly nested type parameters
439 for (int i = 0; i < tparams.Count; ++i)
440 targs.Add (new SimpleName (tparams [i].Name, Location)); // new TypeParameterExpr (tparams[i], Location));
442 storey_type_expr = new GenericTypeExpr (Definition, targs, Location);
444 storey_type_expr = new TypeExpression (CurrentType, Location);
447 return storey_type_expr;
450 public void SetNestedStoryParent (AnonymousMethodStorey parentStorey)
452 Parent = parentStorey;
453 spec.IsGeneric = false;
454 spec.DeclaringType = parentStorey.CurrentType;
455 MemberName.TypeParameters = null;
458 protected override bool DoResolveTypeParameters ()
460 // Although any storey can have type parameters they are all clones of method type
461 // parameters therefore have to mutate MVAR references in any of cloned constraints
462 if (CurrentTypeParameters != null) {
463 for (int i = 0; i < CurrentTypeParameters.Count; ++i) {
464 var spec = CurrentTypeParameters[i].Type;
465 spec.BaseType = mutator.Mutate (spec.BaseType);
466 if (spec.InterfacesDefined != null) {
467 var mutated = new TypeSpec[spec.InterfacesDefined.Length];
468 for (int ii = 0; ii < mutated.Length; ++ii) {
469 mutated[ii] = mutator.Mutate (spec.InterfacesDefined[ii]);
472 spec.InterfacesDefined = mutated;
475 if (spec.TypeArguments != null) {
476 spec.TypeArguments = mutator.Mutate (spec.TypeArguments);
482 // Update parent cache as we most likely passed the point
483 // where the cache was constructed
485 Parent.CurrentType.MemberCache.AddMember (this.spec);
491 // Initializes all hoisted variables
493 public void EmitStoreyInstantiation (EmitContext ec, ExplicitBlock block)
495 // There can be only one instance variable for each storey type
496 if (Instance != null)
497 throw new InternalErrorException ();
500 // Create an instance of this storey
502 ResolveContext rc = new ResolveContext (ec.MemberContext);
503 rc.CurrentBlock = block;
505 var storey_type_expr = CreateStoreyTypeExpression (ec);
506 var source = new New (storey_type_expr, null, Location).Resolve (rc);
509 // When the current context is async (or iterator) lift local storey
510 // instantiation to the currect storey
512 if (ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod is StateMachineInitializer && (block.HasYield || block.HasAwait)) {
514 // Unfortunately, normal capture mechanism could not be used because we are
515 // too late in the pipeline and standart assign cannot be used either due to
516 // recursive nature of GetStoreyInstanceExpression
518 var field = ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey.AddCompilerGeneratedField (
519 LocalVariable.GetCompilerGeneratedName (block), storey_type_expr, true);
524 var fexpr = new FieldExpr (field, Location);
525 fexpr.InstanceExpression = new CompilerGeneratedThis (ec.CurrentType, Location);
526 fexpr.EmitAssign (ec, source, false, false);
529 var local = TemporaryVariableReference.Create (source.Type, block, Location);
530 if (source.Type.IsStruct) {
531 local.LocalInfo.CreateBuilder (ec);
533 local.EmitAssign (ec, source);
539 EmitHoistedFieldsInitialization (rc, ec);
541 // TODO: Implement properly
542 //SymbolWriter.DefineScopeVariable (ID, Instance.Builder);
545 void EmitHoistedFieldsInitialization (ResolveContext rc, EmitContext ec)
548 // Initialize all storey reference fields by using local or hoisted variables
550 if (used_parent_storeys != null) {
551 foreach (StoreyFieldPair sf in used_parent_storeys) {
553 // Get instance expression of storey field
555 Expression instace_expr = GetStoreyInstanceExpression (ec);
556 var fs = sf.Field.Spec;
557 if (TypeManager.IsGenericType (instace_expr.Type))
558 fs = MemberCache.GetMember (instace_expr.Type, fs);
560 FieldExpr f_set_expr = new FieldExpr (fs, Location);
561 f_set_expr.InstanceExpression = instace_expr;
563 // TODO: CompilerAssign expression
564 SimpleAssign a = new SimpleAssign (f_set_expr, sf.Storey.GetStoreyInstanceExpression (ec));
565 if (a.Resolve (rc) != null)
566 a.EmitStatement (ec);
571 // Initialize hoisted `this' only once, everywhere else will be
572 // referenced indirectly
574 if (initialize_hoisted_this) {
575 rc.CurrentBlock.AddScopeStatement (new ThisInitializer (hoisted_this, hoisted_this_parent));
579 // Setting currect anonymous method to null blocks any further variable hoisting
581 AnonymousExpression ae = ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod;
582 ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod = null;
584 if (hoisted_params != null) {
585 EmitHoistedParameters (ec, hoisted_params);
588 ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod = ae;
591 protected virtual void EmitHoistedParameters (EmitContext ec, List<HoistedParameter> hoisted)
593 foreach (HoistedParameter hp in hoisted) {
598 // Parameters could be proxied via local fields for value type storey
600 if (hoisted_local_params != null) {
601 var local_param = hoisted_local_params.Find (l => l.Parameter.Parameter == hp.Parameter.Parameter);
602 var source = new FieldExpr (local_param.Field, Location);
603 source.InstanceExpression = new CompilerGeneratedThis (CurrentType, Location);
604 hp.EmitAssign (ec, source, false, false);
608 hp.EmitHoistingAssignment (ec);
613 // Returns a field which holds referenced storey instance
615 Field GetReferencedStoreyField (AnonymousMethodStorey storey)
617 if (used_parent_storeys == null)
620 foreach (StoreyFieldPair sf in used_parent_storeys) {
621 if (sf.Storey == storey)
629 // Creates storey instance expression regardless of currect IP
631 public Expression GetStoreyInstanceExpression (EmitContext ec)
633 AnonymousExpression am = ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod;
636 // Access from original block -> storey
642 // Access from anonymous method implemented as a static -> storey
644 if (am.Storey == null)
647 Field f = am.Storey.GetReferencedStoreyField (this);
649 if (am.Storey == this) {
651 // Access from inside of same storey (S -> S)
653 return new CompilerGeneratedThis (CurrentType, Location);
657 // External field access
663 // Storey was cached to local field
665 FieldExpr f_ind = new FieldExpr (f, Location);
666 f_ind.InstanceExpression = new CompilerGeneratedThis (CurrentType, Location);
670 protected virtual string GetVariableMangledName (LocalVariable local_info)
673 // No need to mangle anonymous method hoisted variables cause they
674 // are hoisted in their own scopes
676 return local_info.Name;
679 public HoistedThis HoistedThis {
684 hoisted_this = value;
688 public IList<ExplicitBlock> ReferencesFromChildrenBlock {
689 get { return children_references; }
693 public abstract class HoistedVariable
696 // Hoisted version of variable references used in expression
697 // tree has to be delayed until we know its location. The variable
698 // doesn't know its location until all stories are calculated
700 class ExpressionTreeVariableReference : Expression
702 readonly HoistedVariable hv;
704 public ExpressionTreeVariableReference (HoistedVariable hv)
709 public override bool ContainsEmitWithAwait ()
714 public override Expression CreateExpressionTree (ResolveContext ec)
716 return hv.CreateExpressionTree ();
719 protected override Expression DoResolve (ResolveContext ec)
721 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
722 type = ec.Module.PredefinedTypes.Expression.Resolve ();
726 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
728 ResolveContext rc = new ResolveContext (ec.MemberContext);
729 Expression e = hv.GetFieldExpression (ec).CreateExpressionTree (rc, false);
730 // This should never fail
737 protected readonly AnonymousMethodStorey storey;
738 protected Field field;
739 Dictionary<AnonymousExpression, FieldExpr> cached_inner_access; // TODO: Hashtable is too heavyweight
740 FieldExpr cached_outer_access;
742 protected HoistedVariable (AnonymousMethodStorey storey, string name, TypeSpec type)
743 : this (storey, storey.AddCapturedVariable (name, type))
747 protected HoistedVariable (AnonymousMethodStorey storey, Field field)
749 this.storey = storey;
759 public AnonymousMethodStorey Storey {
765 public void AddressOf (EmitContext ec, AddressOp mode)
767 GetFieldExpression (ec).AddressOf (ec, mode);
770 public Expression CreateExpressionTree ()
772 return new ExpressionTreeVariableReference (this);
775 public void Emit (EmitContext ec)
777 GetFieldExpression (ec).Emit (ec);
780 public Expression EmitToField (EmitContext ec)
782 return GetFieldExpression (ec);
786 // Creates field access expression for hoisted variable
788 protected virtual FieldExpr GetFieldExpression (EmitContext ec)
790 if (ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod == null || ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey == null) {
791 if (cached_outer_access != null)
792 return cached_outer_access;
795 // When setting top-level hoisted variable in generic storey
796 // change storey generic types to method generic types (VAR -> MVAR)
798 if (storey.Instance.Type.IsGenericOrParentIsGeneric) {
799 var fs = MemberCache.GetMember (storey.Instance.Type, field.Spec);
800 cached_outer_access = new FieldExpr (fs, field.Location);
802 cached_outer_access = new FieldExpr (field, field.Location);
805 cached_outer_access.InstanceExpression = storey.GetStoreyInstanceExpression (ec);
806 return cached_outer_access;
809 FieldExpr inner_access;
810 if (cached_inner_access != null) {
811 if (!cached_inner_access.TryGetValue (ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod, out inner_access))
815 cached_inner_access = new Dictionary<AnonymousExpression, FieldExpr> (4);
818 if (inner_access == null) {
819 if (field.Parent.IsGenericOrParentIsGeneric) {
820 var fs = MemberCache.GetMember (field.Parent.CurrentType, field.Spec);
821 inner_access = new FieldExpr (fs, field.Location);
823 inner_access = new FieldExpr (field, field.Location);
826 inner_access.InstanceExpression = storey.GetStoreyInstanceExpression (ec);
827 cached_inner_access.Add (ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod, inner_access);
833 public void Emit (EmitContext ec, bool leave_copy)
835 GetFieldExpression (ec).Emit (ec, leave_copy);
838 public void EmitAssign (EmitContext ec, Expression source, bool leave_copy, bool isCompound)
840 GetFieldExpression (ec).EmitAssign (ec, source, leave_copy, false);
844 public class HoistedParameter : HoistedVariable
846 sealed class HoistedFieldAssign : CompilerAssign
848 public HoistedFieldAssign (Expression target, Expression source)
849 : base (target, source, target.Location)
853 protected override Expression ResolveConversions (ResolveContext ec)
856 // Implicit conversion check fails for hoisted type arguments
857 // as they are of different types (!!0 x !0)
863 readonly ParameterReference parameter;
865 public HoistedParameter (AnonymousMethodStorey scope, ParameterReference par)
866 : base (scope, par.Name, par.Type)
868 this.parameter = par;
871 public HoistedParameter (HoistedParameter hp, string name)
872 : base (hp.storey, name, hp.parameter.Type)
874 this.parameter = hp.parameter;
879 public bool IsAssigned { get; set; }
881 public ParameterReference Parameter {
889 public void EmitHoistingAssignment (EmitContext ec)
892 // Remove hoisted redirection to emit assignment from original parameter
894 var temp = parameter.Parameter.HoistedVariant;
895 parameter.Parameter.HoistedVariant = null;
897 var a = new HoistedFieldAssign (GetFieldExpression (ec), parameter);
898 a.EmitStatement (ec);
900 parameter.Parameter.HoistedVariant = temp;
904 class HoistedLocalVariable : HoistedVariable
906 public HoistedLocalVariable (AnonymousMethodStorey storey, LocalVariable local, string name)
907 : base (storey, name, local.Type)
912 public class HoistedThis : HoistedVariable
914 public HoistedThis (AnonymousMethodStorey storey, Field field)
915 : base (storey, field)
921 // Anonymous method expression as created by parser
923 public class AnonymousMethodExpression : Expression
926 // Special conversion for nested expression tree lambdas
928 class Quote : ShimExpression
930 public Quote (Expression expr)
935 public override Expression CreateExpressionTree (ResolveContext ec)
937 var args = new Arguments (1);
938 args.Add (new Argument (expr.CreateExpressionTree (ec)));
939 return CreateExpressionFactoryCall (ec, "Quote", args);
942 protected override Expression DoResolve (ResolveContext rc)
944 expr = expr.Resolve (rc);
948 eclass = expr.eclass;
954 readonly Dictionary<TypeSpec, Expression> compatibles;
956 public ParametersBlock Block;
958 public AnonymousMethodExpression (Location loc)
961 this.compatibles = new Dictionary<TypeSpec, Expression> ();
966 public override string ExprClassName {
968 return "anonymous method";
972 public virtual bool HasExplicitParameters {
974 return Parameters != ParametersCompiled.Undefined;
978 public override bool IsSideEffectFree {
984 public ParametersCompiled Parameters {
986 return Block.Parameters;
990 public ReportPrinter TypeInferenceReportPrinter {
997 // Returns true if the body of lambda expression can be implicitly
998 // converted to the delegate of type `delegate_type'
1000 public bool ImplicitStandardConversionExists (ResolveContext ec, TypeSpec delegate_type)
1002 using (ec.With (ResolveContext.Options.InferReturnType, false)) {
1003 using (ec.Set (ResolveContext.Options.ProbingMode)) {
1004 var prev = ec.Report.SetPrinter (TypeInferenceReportPrinter ?? new NullReportPrinter ());
1006 var res = Compatible (ec, delegate_type) != null;
1008 ec.Report.SetPrinter (prev);
1015 TypeSpec CompatibleChecks (ResolveContext ec, TypeSpec delegate_type)
1017 if (delegate_type.IsDelegate)
1018 return delegate_type;
1020 if (delegate_type.IsExpressionTreeType) {
1021 delegate_type = delegate_type.TypeArguments [0];
1022 if (delegate_type.IsDelegate)
1023 return delegate_type;
1025 ec.Report.Error (835, loc, "Cannot convert `{0}' to an expression tree of non-delegate type `{1}'",
1026 GetSignatureForError (), delegate_type.GetSignatureForError ());
1030 ec.Report.Error (1660, loc, "Cannot convert `{0}' to non-delegate type `{1}'",
1031 GetSignatureForError (), delegate_type.GetSignatureForError ());
1035 protected bool VerifyExplicitParameters (ResolveContext ec, TypeInferenceContext tic, TypeSpec delegate_type, AParametersCollection parameters)
1037 if (VerifyParameterCompatibility (ec, tic, delegate_type, parameters, ec.IsInProbingMode))
1040 if (!ec.IsInProbingMode)
1041 ec.Report.Error (1661, loc,
1042 "Cannot convert `{0}' to delegate type `{1}' since there is a parameter mismatch",
1043 GetSignatureForError (), delegate_type.GetSignatureForError ());
1048 protected bool VerifyParameterCompatibility (ResolveContext ec, TypeInferenceContext tic, TypeSpec delegate_type, AParametersCollection invoke_pd, bool ignore_errors)
1050 if (Parameters.Count != invoke_pd.Count) {
1054 ec.Report.Error (1593, loc, "Delegate `{0}' does not take `{1}' arguments",
1055 delegate_type.GetSignatureForError (), Parameters.Count.ToString ());
1059 bool has_implicit_parameters = !HasExplicitParameters;
1062 for (int i = 0; i < Parameters.Count; ++i) {
1063 Parameter.Modifier p_mod = invoke_pd.FixedParameters [i].ModFlags;
1064 if (Parameters.FixedParameters [i].ModFlags != p_mod && p_mod != Parameter.Modifier.PARAMS) {
1068 if (p_mod == Parameter.Modifier.NONE)
1069 ec.Report.Error (1677, Parameters[i].Location, "Parameter `{0}' should not be declared with the `{1}' keyword",
1070 (i + 1).ToString (), Parameter.GetModifierSignature (Parameters [i].ModFlags));
1072 ec.Report.Error (1676, Parameters[i].Location, "Parameter `{0}' must be declared with the `{1}' keyword",
1073 (i+1).ToString (), Parameter.GetModifierSignature (p_mod));
1077 if (has_implicit_parameters)
1080 TypeSpec type = invoke_pd.Types [i];
1083 type = tic.InflateGenericArgument (ec, type);
1085 if (!TypeSpecComparer.IsEqual (type, Parameters.Types [i])) {
1089 ec.Report.Error (1678, Parameters [i].Location, "Parameter `{0}' is declared as type `{1}' but should be `{2}'",
1091 Parameters.Types [i].GetSignatureForError (),
1092 invoke_pd.Types [i].GetSignatureForError ());
1101 // Infers type arguments based on explicit arguments
1103 public bool ExplicitTypeInference (TypeInferenceContext type_inference, TypeSpec delegate_type)
1105 if (!HasExplicitParameters)
1108 if (!delegate_type.IsDelegate) {
1109 if (!delegate_type.IsExpressionTreeType)
1112 delegate_type = TypeManager.GetTypeArguments (delegate_type) [0];
1113 if (!delegate_type.IsDelegate)
1117 AParametersCollection d_params = Delegate.GetParameters (delegate_type);
1118 if (d_params.Count != Parameters.Count)
1121 var ptypes = Parameters.Types;
1122 var dtypes = d_params.Types;
1123 for (int i = 0; i < Parameters.Count; ++i) {
1124 if (type_inference.ExactInference (ptypes[i], dtypes[i]) == 0) {
1126 // Continue when 0 (quick path) does not mean inference failure. Checking for
1127 // same type handles cases like int -> int
1129 if (ptypes[i] == dtypes[i])
1139 public TypeSpec InferReturnType (ResolveContext ec, TypeInferenceContext tic, TypeSpec delegate_type)
1142 AnonymousExpression am;
1144 if (compatibles.TryGetValue (delegate_type, out expr)) {
1145 am = expr as AnonymousExpression;
1146 return am == null ? null : am.ReturnType;
1149 using (ec.Set (ResolveContext.Options.ProbingMode | ResolveContext.Options.InferReturnType)) {
1151 if (TypeInferenceReportPrinter != null) {
1152 prev = ec.Report.SetPrinter (TypeInferenceReportPrinter);
1157 var body = CompatibleMethodBody (ec, tic, null, delegate_type);
1159 am = body.Compatible (ec, body);
1164 if (TypeInferenceReportPrinter != null) {
1165 ec.Report.SetPrinter (prev);
1172 // compatibles.Add (delegate_type, am);
1173 return am.ReturnType;
1176 public override bool ContainsEmitWithAwait ()
1182 // Returns AnonymousMethod container if this anonymous method
1183 // expression can be implicitly converted to the delegate type `delegate_type'
1185 public Expression Compatible (ResolveContext ec, TypeSpec type)
1188 if (compatibles.TryGetValue (type, out am))
1191 TypeSpec delegate_type = CompatibleChecks (ec, type);
1192 if (delegate_type == null)
1196 // At this point its the first time we know the return type that is
1197 // needed for the anonymous method. We create the method here.
1200 var invoke_mb = Delegate.GetInvokeMethod (delegate_type);
1201 TypeSpec return_type = invoke_mb.ReturnType;
1204 // Second: the return type of the delegate must be compatible with
1205 // the anonymous type. Instead of doing a pass to examine the block
1206 // we satisfy the rule by setting the return type on the EmitContext
1207 // to be the delegate type return type.
1210 var body = CompatibleMethodBody (ec, null, return_type, delegate_type);
1214 bool etree_conversion = delegate_type != type;
1217 if (etree_conversion) {
1218 if (ec.HasSet (ResolveContext.Options.ExpressionTreeConversion)) {
1220 // Nested expression tree lambda use same scope as parent
1221 // lambda, this also means no variable capturing between this
1224 am = body.Compatible (ec, ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod);
1227 // Quote nested expression tree
1230 am = new Quote (am);
1232 int errors = ec.Report.Errors;
1234 if (Block.IsAsync) {
1235 ec.Report.Error (1989, loc, "Async lambda expressions cannot be converted to expression trees");
1238 using (ec.Set (ResolveContext.Options.ExpressionTreeConversion)) {
1239 am = body.Compatible (ec);
1243 // Rewrite expressions into expression tree when targeting Expression<T>
1245 if (am != null && errors == ec.Report.Errors)
1246 am = CreateExpressionTree (ec, delegate_type);
1249 am = body.Compatible (ec);
1251 if (body.DirectMethodGroupConversion != null) {
1252 var errors_printer = new SessionReportPrinter ();
1253 var old = ec.Report.SetPrinter (errors_printer);
1254 var expr = new ImplicitDelegateCreation (delegate_type, body.DirectMethodGroupConversion, loc) {
1255 AllowSpecialMethodsInvocation = true
1257 ec.Report.SetPrinter (old);
1258 if (expr != null && errors_printer.ErrorsCount == 0)
1262 } catch (CompletionResult) {
1264 } catch (FatalException) {
1266 } catch (Exception e) {
1267 throw new InternalErrorException (e, loc);
1270 if (!ec.IsInProbingMode && !etree_conversion) {
1271 compatibles.Add (type, am ?? EmptyExpression.Null);
1277 protected virtual Expression CreateExpressionTree (ResolveContext ec, TypeSpec delegate_type)
1279 return CreateExpressionTree (ec);
1282 public override Expression CreateExpressionTree (ResolveContext ec)
1284 ec.Report.Error (1946, loc, "An anonymous method cannot be converted to an expression tree");
1288 protected virtual ParametersCompiled ResolveParameters (ResolveContext ec, TypeInferenceContext tic, TypeSpec delegate_type)
1290 var delegate_parameters = Delegate.GetParameters (delegate_type);
1292 if (Parameters == ParametersCompiled.Undefined) {
1294 // We provide a set of inaccessible parameters
1296 Parameter[] fixedpars = new Parameter[delegate_parameters.Count];
1298 for (int i = 0; i < delegate_parameters.Count; i++) {
1299 Parameter.Modifier i_mod = delegate_parameters.FixedParameters [i].ModFlags;
1300 if ((i_mod & Parameter.Modifier.OUT) != 0) {
1301 if (!ec.IsInProbingMode) {
1302 ec.Report.Error (1688, loc,
1303 "Cannot convert anonymous method block without a parameter list to delegate type `{0}' because it has one or more `out' parameters",
1304 delegate_type.GetSignatureForError ());
1309 fixedpars[i] = new Parameter (
1310 new TypeExpression (delegate_parameters.Types [i], loc), null,
1311 delegate_parameters.FixedParameters [i].ModFlags, null, loc);
1314 return ParametersCompiled.CreateFullyResolved (fixedpars, delegate_parameters.Types);
1317 if (!VerifyExplicitParameters (ec, tic, delegate_type, delegate_parameters)) {
1324 protected override Expression DoResolve (ResolveContext ec)
1326 if (ec.HasSet (ResolveContext.Options.ConstantScope)) {
1327 ec.Report.Error (1706, loc, "Anonymous methods and lambda expressions cannot be used in the current context");
1332 // Set class type, set type
1335 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
1338 // This hack means `The type is not accessible
1339 // anywhere', we depend on special conversion
1342 type = InternalType.AnonymousMethod;
1344 if (!DoResolveParameters (ec))
1350 protected virtual bool DoResolveParameters (ResolveContext rc)
1352 return Parameters.Resolve (rc);
1355 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1357 // nothing, as we only exist to not do anything.
1360 public static void Error_AddressOfCapturedVar (ResolveContext rc, IVariableReference var, Location loc)
1362 if (rc.CurrentAnonymousMethod is AsyncInitializer)
1365 rc.Report.Error (1686, loc,
1366 "Local variable or parameter `{0}' cannot have their address taken and be used inside an anonymous method, lambda expression or query expression",
1370 public override string GetSignatureForError ()
1372 return ExprClassName;
1375 AnonymousMethodBody CompatibleMethodBody (ResolveContext ec, TypeInferenceContext tic, TypeSpec return_type, TypeSpec delegate_type)
1377 ParametersCompiled p = ResolveParameters (ec, tic, delegate_type);
1381 ParametersBlock b = ec.IsInProbingMode ? (ParametersBlock) Block.PerformClone () : Block;
1384 var rt = return_type;
1385 if (rt != null && rt.Kind != MemberKind.Void && rt != ec.Module.PredefinedTypes.Task.TypeSpec && !rt.IsGenericTask) {
1386 ec.Report.Error (4010, loc, "Cannot convert async {0} to delegate type `{1}'",
1387 GetSignatureForError (), delegate_type.GetSignatureForError ());
1392 b = b.ConvertToAsyncTask (ec, ec.CurrentMemberDefinition.Parent.PartialContainer, p, return_type, delegate_type, loc);
1395 return CompatibleMethodFactory (return_type ?? InternalType.ErrorType, delegate_type, p, b);
1398 protected virtual AnonymousMethodBody CompatibleMethodFactory (TypeSpec return_type, TypeSpec delegate_type, ParametersCompiled p, ParametersBlock b)
1400 return new AnonymousMethodBody (p, b, return_type, delegate_type, loc);
1403 protected override void CloneTo (CloneContext clonectx, Expression t)
1405 AnonymousMethodExpression target = (AnonymousMethodExpression) t;
1407 target.Block = (ParametersBlock) clonectx.LookupBlock (Block);
1410 public override object Accept (StructuralVisitor visitor)
1412 return visitor.Visit (this);
1417 // Abstract expression for any block which requires variables hoisting
1419 public abstract class AnonymousExpression : ExpressionStatement
1421 protected class AnonymousMethodMethod : Method
1423 public readonly AnonymousExpression AnonymousMethod;
1424 public readonly AnonymousMethodStorey Storey;
1426 public AnonymousMethodMethod (TypeDefinition parent, AnonymousExpression am, AnonymousMethodStorey storey,
1427 TypeExpr return_type,
1428 Modifiers mod, MemberName name,
1429 ParametersCompiled parameters)
1430 : base (parent, return_type, mod | Modifiers.COMPILER_GENERATED,
1431 name, parameters, null)
1433 this.AnonymousMethod = am;
1434 this.Storey = storey;
1436 Parent.PartialContainer.Members.Add (this);
1437 Block = new ToplevelBlock (am.block, parameters);
1440 public override EmitContext CreateEmitContext (ILGenerator ig, SourceMethodBuilder sourceMethod)
1442 EmitContext ec = new EmitContext (this, ig, ReturnType, sourceMethod);
1443 ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod = AnonymousMethod;
1447 protected override void DefineTypeParameters ()
1449 // Type parameters were cloned
1452 protected override bool ResolveMemberType ()
1454 if (!base.ResolveMemberType ())
1457 if (Storey != null && Storey.Mutator != null) {
1458 if (!parameters.IsEmpty) {
1459 var mutated = Storey.Mutator.Mutate (parameters.Types);
1460 if (mutated != parameters.Types)
1461 parameters = ParametersCompiled.CreateFullyResolved ((Parameter[]) parameters.FixedParameters, mutated);
1464 member_type = Storey.Mutator.Mutate (member_type);
1470 public override void Emit ()
1472 if (MethodBuilder == null) {
1480 protected readonly ParametersBlock block;
1482 public TypeSpec ReturnType;
1484 protected AnonymousExpression (ParametersBlock block, TypeSpec return_type, Location loc)
1486 this.ReturnType = return_type;
1491 public abstract string ContainerType { get; }
1492 public abstract bool IsIterator { get; }
1493 public abstract AnonymousMethodStorey Storey { get; }
1496 // The block that makes up the body for the anonymous method
1498 public ParametersBlock Block {
1504 public AnonymousExpression Compatible (ResolveContext ec)
1506 return Compatible (ec, this);
1509 public AnonymousExpression Compatible (ResolveContext ec, AnonymousExpression ae)
1514 // TODO: Implement clone
1515 BlockContext aec = new BlockContext (ec, block, ReturnType);
1516 aec.CurrentAnonymousMethod = ae;
1518 var am = this as AnonymousMethodBody;
1520 if (ec.HasSet (ResolveContext.Options.InferReturnType) && am != null) {
1521 am.ReturnTypeInference = new TypeInferenceContext ();
1524 var bc = ec as BlockContext;
1527 aec.AssignmentInfoOffset = bc.AssignmentInfoOffset;
1528 aec.EnclosingLoop = bc.EnclosingLoop;
1529 aec.EnclosingLoopOrSwitch = bc.EnclosingLoopOrSwitch;
1530 aec.Switch = bc.Switch;
1533 var errors = ec.Report.Errors;
1535 bool res = Block.Resolve (aec);
1537 if (res && errors == ec.Report.Errors) {
1538 MarkReachable (new Reachability ());
1540 if (!CheckReachableExit (ec.Report)) {
1545 bc.AssignmentInfoOffset = aec.AssignmentInfoOffset;
1548 if (am != null && am.ReturnTypeInference != null) {
1549 am.ReturnTypeInference.FixAllTypes (ec);
1550 ReturnType = am.ReturnTypeInference.InferredTypeArguments [0];
1551 am.ReturnTypeInference = null;
1554 // If e is synchronous the inferred return type is T
1555 // If e is asynchronous and the body of F is either an expression classified as nothing
1556 // or a statement block where no return statements have expressions, the inferred return type is Task
1557 // If e is async and has an inferred result type T, the inferred return type is Task<T>
1559 if (block.IsAsync && ReturnType != null) {
1560 ReturnType = ReturnType.Kind == MemberKind.Void ?
1561 ec.Module.PredefinedTypes.Task.TypeSpec :
1562 ec.Module.PredefinedTypes.TaskGeneric.TypeSpec.MakeGenericType (ec, new [] { ReturnType });
1566 if (res && errors != ec.Report.Errors)
1569 return res ? this : null;
1572 public override bool ContainsEmitWithAwait ()
1577 bool CheckReachableExit (Report report)
1579 if (block.HasReachableClosingBrace && ReturnType.Kind != MemberKind.Void) {
1580 // FIXME: Flow-analysis on MoveNext generated code
1582 report.Error (1643, StartLocation,
1583 "Not all code paths return a value in anonymous method of type `{0}'", GetSignatureForError ());
1592 public override void FlowAnalysis (FlowAnalysisContext fc)
1594 // We are reachable, mark block body reachable too
1595 MarkReachable (new Reachability ());
1597 CheckReachableExit (fc.Report);
1599 var das = fc.BranchDefiniteAssignment ();
1600 var prev_pb = fc.ParametersBlock;
1601 fc.ParametersBlock = Block;
1602 var da_ontrue = fc.DefiniteAssignmentOnTrue;
1603 var da_onfalse = fc.DefiniteAssignmentOnFalse;
1605 fc.DefiniteAssignmentOnTrue = fc.DefiniteAssignmentOnFalse = null;
1606 block.FlowAnalysis (fc);
1608 fc.ParametersBlock = prev_pb;
1609 fc.DefiniteAssignment = das;
1610 fc.DefiniteAssignmentOnTrue = da_ontrue;
1611 fc.DefiniteAssignmentOnFalse = da_onfalse;
1614 public override void MarkReachable (Reachability rc)
1616 block.MarkReachable (rc);
1619 public void SetHasThisAccess ()
1621 ExplicitBlock b = block;
1623 if (b.HasCapturedThis)
1626 b.HasCapturedThis = true;
1627 b = b.Parent == null ? null : b.Parent.Explicit;
1628 } while (b != null);
1632 public class AnonymousMethodBody : AnonymousExpression
1634 protected readonly ParametersCompiled parameters;
1635 AnonymousMethodStorey storey;
1637 AnonymousMethodMethod method;
1640 TypeInferenceContext return_inference;
1642 public AnonymousMethodBody (ParametersCompiled parameters,
1643 ParametersBlock block, TypeSpec return_type, TypeSpec delegate_type,
1645 : base (block, return_type, loc)
1647 this.type = delegate_type;
1648 this.parameters = parameters;
1653 public override string ContainerType {
1654 get { return "anonymous method"; }
1658 // Method-group instance for lambdas which can be replaced with
1659 // simple method group call
1661 public MethodGroupExpr DirectMethodGroupConversion {
1665 public override bool IsIterator {
1671 public ParametersCompiled Parameters {
1677 public TypeInferenceContext ReturnTypeInference {
1679 return return_inference;
1682 return_inference = value;
1686 public override AnonymousMethodStorey Storey {
1694 public override Expression CreateExpressionTree (ResolveContext ec)
1696 ec.Report.Error (1945, loc, "An expression tree cannot contain an anonymous method expression");
1700 bool Define (ResolveContext ec)
1702 if (!Block.Resolved && Compatible (ec) == null)
1705 if (block_name == null) {
1706 MemberCore mc = (MemberCore) ec.MemberContext;
1707 block_name = mc.MemberName.Basename;
1714 // Creates a host for the anonymous method
1716 AnonymousMethodMethod DoCreateMethodHost (EmitContext ec)
1719 // Anonymous method body can be converted to
1721 // 1, an instance method in current scope when only `this' is hoisted
1722 // 2, a static method in current scope when neither `this' nor any variable is hoisted
1723 // 3, an instance method in compiler generated storey when any hoisted variable exists
1726 Modifiers modifiers;
1727 TypeDefinition parent = null;
1728 TypeParameters hoisted_tparams = null;
1729 ParametersCompiled method_parameters = parameters;
1731 var src_block = Block.Original.Explicit;
1732 if (src_block.HasCapturedVariable || src_block.HasCapturedThis) {
1733 parent = storey = FindBestMethodStorey ();
1735 if (storey == null) {
1736 var top_block = src_block.ParametersBlock.TopBlock;
1737 var sm = top_block.StateMachine;
1739 if (src_block.HasCapturedThis) {
1741 // Remove hoisted 'this' request when simple instance method is
1742 // enough. No hoisted variables only 'this' and don't need to
1743 // propagate this to value type state machine.
1745 StateMachine sm_parent;
1746 var pb = src_block.ParametersBlock;
1748 sm_parent = pb.StateMachine;
1749 pb = pb.Parent == null ? null : pb.Parent.ParametersBlock;
1750 } while (sm_parent == null && pb != null);
1752 if (sm_parent == null) {
1753 top_block.RemoveThisReferenceFromChildrenBlock (src_block);
1754 } else if (sm_parent.Kind == MemberKind.Struct) {
1756 // Special case where parent class is used to emit instance method
1757 // because currect storey is of value type (async host) and we cannot
1758 // use ldftn on non-boxed instances either to share mutated state
1760 parent = sm_parent.Parent.PartialContainer;
1761 hoisted_tparams = sm_parent.OriginalTypeParameters;
1762 } else if (sm is IteratorStorey) {
1764 // For iterators we can host everything in one class
1766 parent = storey = sm;
1771 modifiers = storey != null ? Modifiers.INTERNAL : Modifiers.PRIVATE;
1773 if (ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod != null)
1774 parent = storey = ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey;
1776 modifiers = Modifiers.STATIC | Modifiers.PRIVATE;
1779 // Convert generated method to closed delegate method where unused
1780 // this argument is generated during compilation which speeds up dispatch
1785 // Disabled for now due to JIT bug
1787 //method_parameters = ParametersCompiled.Prefix (method_parameters,
1788 // new Parameter (null, null, 0, null, loc), ec.Module.Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Object);
1791 if (storey == null && hoisted_tparams == null)
1792 hoisted_tparams = ec.CurrentTypeParameters;
1795 parent = ec.CurrentTypeDefinition.Parent.PartialContainer;
1797 string name = CompilerGeneratedContainer.MakeName (parent != storey ? block_name : null,
1798 "m", null, parent.PartialContainer.CounterAnonymousMethods++);
1800 MemberName member_name;
1801 if (hoisted_tparams != null) {
1802 var type_params = new TypeParameters (hoisted_tparams.Count);
1803 for (int i = 0; i < hoisted_tparams.Count; ++i) {
1804 type_params.Add (hoisted_tparams[i].CreateHoistedCopy (null));
1807 member_name = new MemberName (name, type_params, Location);
1809 member_name = new MemberName (name, Location);
1812 return new AnonymousMethodMethod (parent,
1813 this, storey, new TypeExpression (ReturnType, Location), modifiers,
1814 member_name, method_parameters);
1817 protected override Expression DoResolve (ResolveContext ec)
1822 eclass = ExprClass.Value;
1826 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
1829 // Use same anonymous method implementation for scenarios where same
1830 // code is used from multiple blocks, e.g. field initializers
1832 if (method == null) {
1834 // Delay an anonymous method definition to avoid emitting unused code
1835 // for unreachable blocks or expression trees
1837 method = DoCreateMethodHost (ec);
1839 method.PrepareEmit ();
1842 bool is_static = (method.ModFlags & Modifiers.STATIC) != 0;
1843 if (is_static && am_cache == null && !ec.IsStaticConstructor) {
1845 // Creates a field cache to store delegate instance if it's not generic
1847 if (!method.MemberName.IsGeneric) {
1848 var parent = method.Parent.PartialContainer;
1849 int id = parent.AnonymousMethodsCounter++;
1850 var cache_type = storey != null && storey.Mutator != null ? storey.Mutator.Mutate (type) : type;
1852 am_cache = new Field (parent, new TypeExpression (cache_type, loc),
1853 Modifiers.STATIC | Modifiers.PRIVATE | Modifiers.COMPILER_GENERATED,
1854 new MemberName (CompilerGeneratedContainer.MakeName (null, "f", "am$cache", id), loc), null);
1856 parent.AddField (am_cache);
1858 // TODO: Implement caching of generated generic static methods
1862 // Some extra class is needed to capture variable generic type
1863 // arguments. Maybe we could re-use anonymous types, with a unique
1864 // anonymous method id, but they are quite heavy.
1866 // Consider : "() => typeof(T);"
1868 // We need something like
1869 // static class Wrap<Tn, Tm, DelegateType> {
1870 // public static DelegateType cache;
1873 // We then specialize local variable to capture all generic parameters
1874 // and delegate type, e.g. "Wrap<Ta, Tb, DelegateTypeInst> cache;"
1879 Label l_initialized = ec.DefineLabel ();
1881 if (am_cache != null) {
1882 ec.Emit (OpCodes.Ldsfld, am_cache.Spec);
1883 ec.Emit (OpCodes.Brtrue_S, l_initialized);
1887 // Load method delegate implementation
1892 } else if (storey != null) {
1893 Expression e = storey.GetStoreyInstanceExpression (ec).Resolve (new ResolveContext (ec.MemberContext));
1901 // Special case for value type storey where this is not lifted but
1902 // droped off to parent class
1904 if (ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod != null && ec.AsyncTaskStorey != null)
1905 ec.Emit (OpCodes.Ldfld, ec.AsyncTaskStorey.HoistedThis.Field.Spec);
1908 var delegate_method = method.Spec;
1909 if (storey != null && storey.MemberName.IsGeneric) {
1910 TypeSpec t = storey.Instance.Type;
1913 // Mutate anonymous method instance type if we are in nested
1914 // hoisted generic anonymous method storey
1916 if (ec.IsAnonymousStoreyMutateRequired) {
1917 t = storey.Mutator.Mutate (t);
1920 ec.Emit (OpCodes.Ldftn, TypeBuilder.GetMethod (t.GetMetaInfo (), (MethodInfo) delegate_method.GetMetaInfo ()));
1922 if (delegate_method.IsGeneric) {
1923 TypeParameterSpec[] tparams;
1924 var sm = ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod == null ? null : ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod.Storey as StateMachine;
1925 if (sm != null && sm.OriginalTypeParameters != null) {
1926 tparams = sm.CurrentTypeParameters.Types;
1928 tparams = method.TypeParameters;
1931 delegate_method = delegate_method.MakeGenericMethod (ec.MemberContext, tparams);
1934 ec.Emit (OpCodes.Ldftn, delegate_method);
1937 var constructor_method = Delegate.GetConstructor (type);
1938 ec.Emit (OpCodes.Newobj, constructor_method);
1940 if (am_cache != null) {
1941 ec.Emit (OpCodes.Stsfld, am_cache.Spec);
1942 ec.MarkLabel (l_initialized);
1943 ec.Emit (OpCodes.Ldsfld, am_cache.Spec);
1947 public override void EmitStatement (EmitContext ec)
1949 throw new NotImplementedException ();
1953 // Look for the best storey for this anonymous method
1955 AnonymousMethodStorey FindBestMethodStorey ()
1958 // Use the nearest parent block which has a storey
1960 for (Block b = Block.Parent; b != null; b = b.Parent) {
1961 AnonymousMethodStorey s = b.Explicit.AnonymousMethodStorey;
1969 public override string GetSignatureForError ()
1971 return type.GetSignatureForError ();
1976 // Anonymous type container
1978 public class AnonymousTypeClass : CompilerGeneratedContainer
1980 public const string ClassNamePrefix = "<>__AnonType";
1981 public const string SignatureForError = "anonymous type";
1983 readonly IList<AnonymousTypeParameter> parameters;
1985 private AnonymousTypeClass (ModuleContainer parent, MemberName name, IList<AnonymousTypeParameter> parameters, Location loc)
1986 : base (parent, name, parent.Evaluator != null ? Modifiers.PUBLIC : Modifiers.INTERNAL)
1988 this.parameters = parameters;
1991 public static AnonymousTypeClass Create (TypeContainer parent, IList<AnonymousTypeParameter> parameters, Location loc)
1993 string name = ClassNamePrefix + parent.Module.CounterAnonymousTypes++;
1995 ParametersCompiled all_parameters;
1996 TypeParameters tparams = null;
1997 SimpleName[] t_args;
1999 if (parameters.Count == 0) {
2000 all_parameters = ParametersCompiled.EmptyReadOnlyParameters;
2003 t_args = new SimpleName[parameters.Count];
2004 tparams = new TypeParameters ();
2005 Parameter[] ctor_params = new Parameter[parameters.Count];
2006 for (int i = 0; i < parameters.Count; ++i) {
2007 AnonymousTypeParameter p = parameters[i];
2008 for (int ii = 0; ii < i; ++ii) {
2009 if (parameters[ii].Name == p.Name) {
2010 parent.Compiler.Report.Error (833, parameters[ii].Location,
2011 "`{0}': An anonymous type cannot have multiple properties with the same name",
2014 p = new AnonymousTypeParameter (null, "$" + i.ToString (), p.Location);
2020 t_args[i] = new SimpleName ("<" + p.Name + ">__T", p.Location);
2021 tparams.Add (new TypeParameter (i, new MemberName (t_args[i].Name, p.Location), null, null, Variance.None));
2022 ctor_params[i] = new Parameter (t_args[i], p.Name, Parameter.Modifier.NONE, null, p.Location);
2025 all_parameters = new ParametersCompiled (ctor_params);
2029 // Create generic anonymous type host with generic arguments
2030 // named upon properties names
2032 AnonymousTypeClass a_type = new AnonymousTypeClass (parent.Module, new MemberName (name, tparams, loc), parameters, loc);
2034 Constructor c = new Constructor (a_type, name, Modifiers.PUBLIC | Modifiers.DEBUGGER_HIDDEN,
2035 null, all_parameters, loc);
2036 c.Block = new ToplevelBlock (parent.Module.Compiler, c.ParameterInfo, loc);
2039 // Create fields and constructor body with field initialization
2042 for (int i = 0; i < parameters.Count; ++i) {
2043 AnonymousTypeParameter p = parameters [i];
2045 Field f = new Field (a_type, t_args [i], Modifiers.PRIVATE | Modifiers.READONLY | Modifiers.DEBUGGER_HIDDEN,
2046 new MemberName ("<" + p.Name + ">", p.Location), null);
2048 if (!a_type.AddField (f)) {
2053 c.Block.AddStatement (new StatementExpression (
2054 new SimpleAssign (new MemberAccess (new This (p.Location), f.Name),
2055 c.Block.GetParameterReference (i, p.Location))));
2057 ToplevelBlock get_block = new ToplevelBlock (parent.Module.Compiler, p.Location);
2058 get_block.AddStatement (new Return (
2059 new MemberAccess (new This (p.Location), f.Name), p.Location));
2061 Property prop = new Property (a_type, t_args [i], Modifiers.PUBLIC,
2062 new MemberName (p.Name, p.Location), null);
2063 prop.Get = new Property.GetMethod (prop, 0, null, p.Location);
2064 prop.Get.Block = get_block;
2065 a_type.AddMember (prop);
2071 a_type.AddConstructor (c);
2075 protected override bool DoDefineMembers ()
2077 if (!base.DoDefineMembers ())
2080 Location loc = Location;
2082 var equals_parameters = ParametersCompiled.CreateFullyResolved (
2083 new Parameter (new TypeExpression (Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Object, loc), "obj", 0, null, loc), Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Object);
2085 Method equals = new Method (this, new TypeExpression (Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Bool, loc),
2086 Modifiers.PUBLIC | Modifiers.OVERRIDE | Modifiers.DEBUGGER_HIDDEN, new MemberName ("Equals", loc),
2087 equals_parameters, null);
2089 equals_parameters[0].Resolve (equals, 0);
2091 Method tostring = new Method (this, new TypeExpression (Compiler.BuiltinTypes.String, loc),
2092 Modifiers.PUBLIC | Modifiers.OVERRIDE | Modifiers.DEBUGGER_HIDDEN, new MemberName ("ToString", loc),
2093 ParametersCompiled.EmptyReadOnlyParameters, null);
2095 ToplevelBlock equals_block = new ToplevelBlock (Compiler, equals.ParameterInfo, loc);
2097 TypeExpr current_type;
2098 if (CurrentTypeParameters != null) {
2099 var targs = new TypeArguments ();
2100 for (int i = 0; i < CurrentTypeParameters.Count; ++i) {
2101 targs.Add (new TypeParameterExpr (CurrentTypeParameters[i], Location));
2104 current_type = new GenericTypeExpr (Definition, targs, loc);
2106 current_type = new TypeExpression (Definition, loc);
2109 var li_other = LocalVariable.CreateCompilerGenerated (CurrentType, equals_block, loc);
2110 equals_block.AddStatement (new BlockVariable (new TypeExpression (li_other.Type, loc), li_other));
2111 var other_variable = new LocalVariableReference (li_other, loc);
2113 MemberAccess system_collections_generic = new MemberAccess (new MemberAccess (
2114 new QualifiedAliasMember ("global", "System", loc), "Collections", loc), "Generic", loc);
2116 Expression rs_equals = null;
2117 Expression string_concat = new StringConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, "{", loc);
2118 Expression rs_hashcode = new IntConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, -2128831035, loc);
2119 for (int i = 0; i < parameters.Count; ++i) {
2120 var p = parameters [i];
2121 var f = (Field) Members [i * 2];
2123 MemberAccess equality_comparer = new MemberAccess (new MemberAccess (
2124 system_collections_generic, "EqualityComparer",
2125 new TypeArguments (new SimpleName (CurrentTypeParameters [i].Name, loc)), loc),
2128 Arguments arguments_equal = new Arguments (2);
2129 arguments_equal.Add (new Argument (new MemberAccess (new This (f.Location), f.Name)));
2130 arguments_equal.Add (new Argument (new MemberAccess (other_variable, f.Name)));
2132 Expression field_equal = new Invocation (new MemberAccess (equality_comparer,
2133 "Equals", loc), arguments_equal);
2135 Arguments arguments_hashcode = new Arguments (1);
2136 arguments_hashcode.Add (new Argument (new MemberAccess (new This (f.Location), f.Name)));
2137 Expression field_hashcode = new Invocation (new MemberAccess (equality_comparer,
2138 "GetHashCode", loc), arguments_hashcode);
2140 IntConstant FNV_prime = new IntConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, 16777619, loc);
2141 rs_hashcode = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Multiply,
2142 new Binary (Binary.Operator.ExclusiveOr, rs_hashcode, field_hashcode),
2145 Expression field_to_string = new Conditional (new BooleanExpression (new Binary (Binary.Operator.Inequality,
2146 new MemberAccess (new This (f.Location), f.Name), new NullLiteral (loc))),
2147 new Invocation (new MemberAccess (
2148 new MemberAccess (new This (f.Location), f.Name), "ToString"), null),
2149 new StringConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, string.Empty, loc), loc);
2151 if (rs_equals == null) {
2152 rs_equals = field_equal;
2153 string_concat = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Addition,
2155 new Binary (Binary.Operator.Addition,
2156 new StringConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, " " + p.Name + " = ", loc),
2162 // Implementation of ToString () body using string concatenation
2164 string_concat = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Addition,
2165 new Binary (Binary.Operator.Addition,
2167 new StringConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, ", " + p.Name + " = ", loc)),
2170 rs_equals = new Binary (Binary.Operator.LogicalAnd, rs_equals, field_equal);
2173 string_concat = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Addition,
2175 new StringConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, " }", loc));
2178 // Equals (object obj) override
2180 var other_variable_assign = new TemporaryVariableReference (li_other, loc);
2181 equals_block.AddStatement (new StatementExpression (
2182 new SimpleAssign (other_variable_assign,
2183 new As (equals_block.GetParameterReference (0, loc),
2184 current_type, loc), loc)));
2186 Expression equals_test = new Binary (Binary.Operator.Inequality, other_variable, new NullLiteral (loc));
2187 if (rs_equals != null)
2188 equals_test = new Binary (Binary.Operator.LogicalAnd, equals_test, rs_equals);
2189 equals_block.AddStatement (new Return (equals_test, loc));
2191 equals.Block = equals_block;
2193 Members.Add (equals);
2196 // GetHashCode () override
2198 Method hashcode = new Method (this, new TypeExpression (Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Int, loc),
2199 Modifiers.PUBLIC | Modifiers.OVERRIDE | Modifiers.DEBUGGER_HIDDEN,
2200 new MemberName ("GetHashCode", loc),
2201 ParametersCompiled.EmptyReadOnlyParameters, null);
2204 // Modified FNV with good avalanche behavior and uniform
2205 // distribution with larger hash sizes.
2207 // const int FNV_prime = 16777619;
2208 // int hash = (int) 2166136261;
2209 // foreach (int d in data)
2210 // hash = (hash ^ d) * FNV_prime;
2211 // hash += hash << 13;
2212 // hash ^= hash >> 7;
2213 // hash += hash << 3;
2214 // hash ^= hash >> 17;
2215 // hash += hash << 5;
2217 ToplevelBlock hashcode_top = new ToplevelBlock (Compiler, loc);
2218 Block hashcode_block = new Block (hashcode_top, loc, loc);
2219 hashcode_top.AddStatement (new Unchecked (hashcode_block, loc));
2221 var li_hash = LocalVariable.CreateCompilerGenerated (Compiler.BuiltinTypes.Int, hashcode_top, loc);
2222 hashcode_block.AddStatement (new BlockVariable (new TypeExpression (li_hash.Type, loc), li_hash));
2223 LocalVariableReference hash_variable_assign = new LocalVariableReference (li_hash, loc);
2224 hashcode_block.AddStatement (new StatementExpression (
2225 new SimpleAssign (hash_variable_assign, rs_hashcode)));
2227 var hash_variable = new LocalVariableReference (li_hash, loc);
2228 hashcode_block.AddStatement (new StatementExpression (
2229 new CompoundAssign (Binary.Operator.Addition, hash_variable,
2230 new Binary (Binary.Operator.LeftShift, hash_variable, new IntConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, 13, loc)))));
2231 hashcode_block.AddStatement (new StatementExpression (
2232 new CompoundAssign (Binary.Operator.ExclusiveOr, hash_variable,
2233 new Binary (Binary.Operator.RightShift, hash_variable, new IntConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, 7, loc)))));
2234 hashcode_block.AddStatement (new StatementExpression (
2235 new CompoundAssign (Binary.Operator.Addition, hash_variable,
2236 new Binary (Binary.Operator.LeftShift, hash_variable, new IntConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, 3, loc)))));
2237 hashcode_block.AddStatement (new StatementExpression (
2238 new CompoundAssign (Binary.Operator.ExclusiveOr, hash_variable,
2239 new Binary (Binary.Operator.RightShift, hash_variable, new IntConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, 17, loc)))));
2240 hashcode_block.AddStatement (new StatementExpression (
2241 new CompoundAssign (Binary.Operator.Addition, hash_variable,
2242 new Binary (Binary.Operator.LeftShift, hash_variable, new IntConstant (Compiler.BuiltinTypes, 5, loc)))));
2244 hashcode_block.AddStatement (new Return (hash_variable, loc));
2245 hashcode.Block = hashcode_top;
2247 Members.Add (hashcode);
2250 // ToString () override
2253 ToplevelBlock tostring_block = new ToplevelBlock (Compiler, loc);
2254 tostring_block.AddStatement (new Return (string_concat, loc));
2255 tostring.Block = tostring_block;
2257 Members.Add (tostring);
2262 public override string GetSignatureForError ()
2264 return SignatureForError;
2267 public override CompilationSourceFile GetCompilationSourceFile ()
2272 public IList<AnonymousTypeParameter> Parameters {