mcs/gmcs/statement.cs

   1 //
   2 // statement.cs: Statement representation for the IL tree.
   3 //
   4 // Author:
   5 //   Miguel de Icaza (miguel@ximian.com)
   6 //   Martin Baulig (martin@ximian.com)
   7 //
   8 // (C) 2001, 2002, 2003 Ximian, Inc.
   9 // (C) 2003, 2004 Novell, Inc.
  10 //
  11
  12 using System;
  13 using System.Text;
  14 using System.Reflection;
  15 using System.Reflection.Emit;
  16 using System.Diagnostics;
  17
  18 namespace Mono.CSharp {
  19
  20         using System.Collections;
  21
  22         public abstract class Statement {
  23                 public Location loc;
  24
  25                 /// <summary>
  26                 /// Resolves the statement, true means that all sub-statements
  27                 /// did resolve ok.
  28                 //  </summary>
  29                 public virtual bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
  30                 {
  31                         return true;
  32                 }
  33
  34                 /// <summary>
  35                 ///   We already know that the statement is unreachable, but we still
  36                 ///   need to resolve it to catch errors.
  37                 /// </summary>
  38                 public virtual bool ResolveUnreachable (EmitContext ec, bool warn)
  39                 {
  40                         //
  41                         // This conflicts with csc's way of doing this, but IMHO it's
  42                         // the right thing to do.
  43                         //
  44                         // If something is unreachable, we still check whether it's
  45                         // correct.  This means that you cannot use unassigned variables
  46                         // in unreachable code, for instance.
  47                         //
  48
  49                         if (warn && (RootContext.WarningLevel >= 2))
  50                                 Report.Warning (162, loc, "Unreachable code detected");
  51
  52                         ec.StartFlowBranching (FlowBranching.BranchingType.Block, loc);
  53                         bool ok = Resolve (ec);
  54                         ec.KillFlowBranching ();
  55
  56                         return ok;
  57                 }
  58
  59                 protected void CheckObsolete (Type type)
  60                 {
  61                         ObsoleteAttribute obsolete_attr = AttributeTester.GetObsoleteAttribute (type);
  62                         if (obsolete_attr == null)
  63                                 return;
  64
  65                         AttributeTester.Report_ObsoleteMessage (obsolete_attr, type.FullName, loc);
  66                 }
  67
  68                 /// <summary>
  69                 ///   Return value indicates whether all code paths emitted return.
  70                 /// </summary>
  71                 protected abstract void DoEmit (EmitContext ec);
  72
  73                 /// <summary>
  74                 ///   Utility wrapper routine for Error, just to beautify the code
  75                 /// </summary>
  76                 public void Error (int error, string format, params object[] args)
  77                 {
  78                         Error (error, String.Format (format, args));
  79                 }
  80
  81                 public void Error (int error, string s)
  82                 {
  83                         if (!Location.IsNull (loc))
  84                                 Report.Error (error, loc, s);
  85                                 else
  86                                 Report.Error (error, s);
  87                 }
  88
  89                 /// <summary>
  90                 ///   Return value indicates whether all code paths emitted return.
  91                 /// </summary>
  92                 public virtual void Emit (EmitContext ec)
  93                 {
  94                         ec.Mark (loc, true);
  95                         DoEmit (ec);
  96                 }
  97         }
  98
  99         public sealed class EmptyStatement : Statement {
 100
 101                 private EmptyStatement () {}
 102
 103                 public static readonly EmptyStatement Value = new EmptyStatement ();
 104
 105                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 106                 {
 107                         return true;
 108                 }
 109
 110                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 111                 {
 112                 }
 113         }
 114
 115         public class If : Statement {
 116                 Expression expr;
 117                 public Statement TrueStatement;
 118                 public Statement FalseStatement;
 119
 120                 bool is_true_ret;
 121
 122                 public If (Expression expr, Statement trueStatement, Location l)
 123                 {
 124                         this.expr = expr;
 125                         TrueStatement = trueStatement;
 126                         loc = l;
 127                 }
 128
 129                 public If (Expression expr,
 130                            Statement trueStatement,
 131                            Statement falseStatement,
 132                            Location l)
 133                 {
 134                         this.expr = expr;
 135                         TrueStatement = trueStatement;
 136                         FalseStatement = falseStatement;
 137                         loc = l;
 138                 }
 139
 140                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 141                 {
 142                         Report.Debug (1, "START IF BLOCK", loc);
 143
 144                         expr = Expression.ResolveBoolean (ec, expr, loc);
 145                         if (expr == null){
 146                                 return false;
 147                         }
 148
 149                         Assign ass = expr as Assign;
 150                         if (ass != null && ass.Source is Constant) {
 151                                 Report.Warning (665, 3, loc, "Assignment in conditional expression is always constant; did you mean to use == instead of = ?");
 152                         }
 153
 154                         //
 155                         // Dead code elimination
 156                         //
 157                         if (expr is BoolConstant){
 158                                 bool take = ((BoolConstant) expr).Value;
 159
 160                                 if (take){
 161                                         if (!TrueStatement.Resolve (ec))
 162                                                 return false;
 163
 164                                         if ((FalseStatement != null) &&
 165                                             !FalseStatement.ResolveUnreachable (ec, true))
 166                                                 return false;
 167                                         FalseStatement = null;
 168                                 } else {
 169                                         if (!TrueStatement.ResolveUnreachable (ec, true))
 170                                                 return false;
 171                                         TrueStatement = null;
 172
 173                                         if ((FalseStatement != null) &&
 174                                             !FalseStatement.Resolve (ec))
 175                                 return false;
 176                         }
 177
 178                                 return true;
 179                         }
 180
 181                         ec.StartFlowBranching (FlowBranching.BranchingType.Conditional, loc);
 182
 183                         bool ok = TrueStatement.Resolve (ec);
 184
 185                         is_true_ret = ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector.Reachability.IsUnreachable;
 186
 187                         ec.CurrentBranching.CreateSibling ();
 188
 189                         if ((FalseStatement != null) && !FalseStatement.Resolve (ec))
 190                                 ok = false;
 191
 192                         ec.EndFlowBranching ();
 193
 194                         Report.Debug (1, "END IF BLOCK", loc);
 195
 196                         return ok;
 197                 }
 198
 199                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 200                 {
 201                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
 202                         Label false_target = ig.DefineLabel ();
 203                         Label end;
 204
 205                         //
 206                         // If we're a boolean expression, Resolve() already
 207                         // eliminated dead code for us.
 208                         //
 209                         if (expr is BoolConstant){
 210                                 bool take = ((BoolConstant) expr).Value;
 211
 212                                 if (take)
 213                                         TrueStatement.Emit (ec);
 214                                 else if (FalseStatement != null)
 215                                                 FalseStatement.Emit (ec);
 216
 217                                                 return;
 218                                         }
 219
 220                         expr.EmitBranchable (ec, false_target, false);
 221
 222                         TrueStatement.Emit (ec);
 223
 224                         if (FalseStatement != null){
 225                                 bool branch_emitted = false;
 226
 227                                 end = ig.DefineLabel ();
 228                                 if (!is_true_ret){
 229                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, end);
 230                                         branch_emitted = true;
 231                                 }
 232
 233                                 ig.MarkLabel (false_target);
 234                                 FalseStatement.Emit (ec);
 235
 236                                 if (branch_emitted)
 237                                         ig.MarkLabel (end);
 238                         } else {
 239                                 ig.MarkLabel (false_target);
 240                         }
 241                 }
 242         }
 243
 244         public class Do : Statement {
 245                 public Expression expr;
 246                 public readonly Statement  EmbeddedStatement;
 247                 bool infinite;
 248
 249                 public Do (Statement statement, Expression boolExpr, Location l)
 250                 {
 251                         expr = boolExpr;
 252                         EmbeddedStatement = statement;
 253                         loc = l;
 254                 }
 255
 256                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 257                 {
 258                         bool ok = true;
 259
 260                         ec.StartFlowBranching (FlowBranching.BranchingType.Loop, loc);
 261
 262                         if (!EmbeddedStatement.Resolve (ec))
 263                                 ok = false;
 264
 265                         expr = Expression.ResolveBoolean (ec, expr, loc);
 266                         if (expr == null)
 267                                 ok = false;
 268                         else if (expr is BoolConstant){
 269                                 bool res = ((BoolConstant) expr).Value;
 270
 271                                 if (res)
 272                                         infinite = true;
 273                         }
 274
 275                         ec.CurrentBranching.Infinite = infinite;
 276                         ec.EndFlowBranching ();
 277
 278                         return ok;
 279                 }
 280
 281                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 282                 {
 283                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
 284                         Label loop = ig.DefineLabel ();
 285                         Label old_begin = ec.LoopBegin;
 286                         Label old_end = ec.LoopEnd;
 287
 288                         ec.LoopBegin = ig.DefineLabel ();
 289                         ec.LoopEnd = ig.DefineLabel ();
 290
 291                         ig.MarkLabel (loop);
 292                         EmbeddedStatement.Emit (ec);
 293                         ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopBegin);
 294
 295                         //
 296                         // Dead code elimination
 297                         //
 298                         if (expr is BoolConstant){
 299                                 bool res = ((BoolConstant) expr).Value;
 300
 301                                 if (res)
 302                                         ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, loop);
 303                         } else
 304                                 expr.EmitBranchable (ec, loop, true);
 305
 306                         ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopEnd);
 307
 308                         ec.LoopBegin = old_begin;
 309                         ec.LoopEnd = old_end;
 310                 }
 311         }
 312
 313         public class While : Statement {
 314                 public Expression expr;
 315                 public readonly Statement Statement;
 316                 bool infinite, empty;
 317
 318                 public While (Expression boolExpr, Statement statement, Location l)
 319                 {
 320                         this.expr = boolExpr;
 321                         Statement = statement;
 322                         loc = l;
 323                 }
 324
 325                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 326                 {
 327                         bool ok = true;
 328
 329                         expr = Expression.ResolveBoolean (ec, expr, loc);
 330                         if (expr == null)
 331                                 return false;
 332
 333                         //
 334                         // Inform whether we are infinite or not
 335                         //
 336                         if (expr is BoolConstant){
 337                                 BoolConstant bc = (BoolConstant) expr;
 338
 339                                 if (bc.Value == false){
 340                                         if (!Statement.ResolveUnreachable (ec, true))
 341                                                 return false;
 342                                         empty = true;
 343                                         return true;
 344                                 } else
 345                                         infinite = true;
 346                         }
 347
 348                         ec.StartFlowBranching (FlowBranching.BranchingType.Loop, loc);
 349
 350                         if (!Statement.Resolve (ec))
 351                                 ok = false;
 352
 353                                 ec.CurrentBranching.Infinite = infinite;
 354                                 ec.EndFlowBranching ();
 355
 356                         return ok;
 357                 }
 358
 359                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 360                 {
 361                         if (empty)
 362                                 return;
 363
 364                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
 365                         Label old_begin = ec.LoopBegin;
 366                         Label old_end = ec.LoopEnd;
 367
 368                         ec.LoopBegin = ig.DefineLabel ();
 369                         ec.LoopEnd = ig.DefineLabel ();
 370
 371                         //
 372                         // Inform whether we are infinite or not
 373                         //
 374                         if (expr is BoolConstant){
 375                                 ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopBegin);
 376                                 Statement.Emit (ec);
 377                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, ec.LoopBegin);
 378
 379                                 //
 380                                 // Inform that we are infinite (ie, `we return'), only
 381                                 // if we do not `break' inside the code.
 382                                 //
 383                                 ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopEnd);
 384                         } else {
 385                                 Label while_loop = ig.DefineLabel ();
 386
 387                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, ec.LoopBegin);
 388                                 ig.MarkLabel (while_loop);
 389
 390                                 Statement.Emit (ec);
 391
 392                                 ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopBegin);
 393
 394                                 expr.EmitBranchable (ec, while_loop, true);
 395
 396                                 ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopEnd);
 397                         }
 398
 399                         ec.LoopBegin = old_begin;
 400                         ec.LoopEnd = old_end;
 401                 }
 402         }
 403
 404         public class For : Statement {
 405                 Expression Test;
 406                 readonly Statement InitStatement;
 407                 readonly Statement Increment;
 408                 readonly Statement Statement;
 409                 bool infinite, empty;
 410
 411                 public For (Statement initStatement,
 412                             Expression test,
 413                             Statement increment,
 414                             Statement statement,
 415                             Location l)
 416                 {
 417                         InitStatement = initStatement;
 418                         Test = test;
 419                         Increment = increment;
 420                         Statement = statement;
 421                         loc = l;
 422                 }
 423
 424                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 425                 {
 426                         bool ok = true;
 427
 428                         if (InitStatement != null){
 429                                 if (!InitStatement.Resolve (ec))
 430                                         ok = false;
 431                         }
 432
 433                         if (Test != null){
 434                                 Test = Expression.ResolveBoolean (ec, Test, loc);
 435                                 if (Test == null)
 436                                         ok = false;
 437                                 else if (Test is BoolConstant){
 438                                         BoolConstant bc = (BoolConstant) Test;
 439
 440                                         if (bc.Value == false){
 441                                                 if (!Statement.ResolveUnreachable (ec, true))
 442                                                         return false;
 443                                                 if ((Increment != null) &&
 444                                                     !Increment.ResolveUnreachable (ec, false))
 445                                                         return false;
 446                                                 empty = true;
 447                                                 return true;
 448                                         } else
 449                                                 infinite = true;
 450                                 }
 451                         } else
 452                                 infinite = true;
 453
 454                         ec.StartFlowBranching (FlowBranching.BranchingType.Loop, loc);
 455                         if (!infinite)
 456                                 ec.CurrentBranching.CreateSibling ();
 457
 458                         if (!Statement.Resolve (ec))
 459                                 ok = false;
 460
 461                         if (Increment != null){
 462                                 if (!Increment.Resolve (ec))
 463                                         ok = false;
 464                         }
 465
 466                                 ec.CurrentBranching.Infinite = infinite;
 467                                 ec.EndFlowBranching ();
 468
 469                         return ok;
 470                 }
 471
 472                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 473                 {
 474                         if (empty)
 475                                 return;
 476
 477                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
 478                         Label old_begin = ec.LoopBegin;
 479                         Label old_end = ec.LoopEnd;
 480                         Label loop = ig.DefineLabel ();
 481                         Label test = ig.DefineLabel ();
 482
 483                         if (InitStatement != null && InitStatement != EmptyStatement.Value)
 484                                         InitStatement.Emit (ec);
 485
 486                         ec.LoopBegin = ig.DefineLabel ();
 487                         ec.LoopEnd = ig.DefineLabel ();
 488
 489                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, test);
 490                         ig.MarkLabel (loop);
 491                         Statement.Emit (ec);
 492
 493                         ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopBegin);
 494                         if (Increment != EmptyStatement.Value)
 495                                 Increment.Emit (ec);
 496
 497                         ig.MarkLabel (test);
 498                         //
 499                         // If test is null, there is no test, and we are just
 500                         // an infinite loop
 501                         //
 502                         if (Test != null){
 503                                 //
 504                                 // The Resolve code already catches the case for
 505                                 // Test == BoolConstant (false) so we know that
 506                                 // this is true
 507                                 //
 508                                 if (Test is BoolConstant)
 509                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, loop);
 510                                 else
 511                                         Test.EmitBranchable (ec, loop, true);
 512
 513                         } else
 514                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, loop);
 515                         ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopEnd);
 516
 517                         ec.LoopBegin = old_begin;
 518                         ec.LoopEnd = old_end;
 519                 }
 520         }
 521
 522         public class StatementExpression : Statement {
 523                 ExpressionStatement expr;
 524
 525                 public StatementExpression (ExpressionStatement expr, Location l)
 526                 {
 527                         this.expr = expr;
 528                         loc = l;
 529                 }
 530
 531                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 532                 {
 533                         expr = expr.ResolveStatement (ec);
 534                         return expr != null;
 535                 }
 536
 537                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 538                 {
 539                         expr.EmitStatement (ec);
 540                 }
 541
 542                 public override string ToString ()
 543                 {
 544                         return "StatementExpression (" + expr + ")";
 545                 }
 546         }
 547
 548         /// <summary>
 549         ///   Implements the return statement
 550         /// </summary>
 551         public class Return : Statement {
 552                 public Expression Expr;
 553
 554                 public Return (Expression expr, Location l)
 555                 {
 556                         Expr = expr;
 557                         loc = l;
 558                 }
 559
 560                 bool in_exc;
 561
 562                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 563                 {
 564                         if (ec.ReturnType == null){
 565                         if (Expr != null){
 566                                         if (ec.CurrentAnonymousMethod != null){
 567                                                 Report.Error (1662, loc, String.Format (
 568                                                         "Anonymous method could not be converted to delegate " +
 569                                                         "since the return value does not match the delegate value"));
 570                                         }
 571                                         Error (127, "Return with a value not allowed here");
 572                                         return false;
 573                                 }
 574                         } else {
 575                                 if (Expr == null){
 576                                         Error (126, "An object of type `{0}' is expected " +
 577                                                "for the return statement",
 578                                                TypeManager.CSharpName (ec.ReturnType));
 579                                         return false;
 580                                 }
 581
 582                                 Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
 583                                 if (Expr == null)
 584                                         return false;
 585
 586                                 if (Expr.Type != ec.ReturnType) {
 587                                         Expr = Convert.ImplicitConversionRequired (
 588                                                 ec, Expr, ec.ReturnType, loc);
 589                                         if (Expr == null)
 590                                                 return false;
 591                                 }
 592                         }
 593
 594                         if (ec.InIterator){
 595                                 Error (-206, "Return statement not allowed inside iterators");
 596                                 return false;
 597                         }
 598
 599                         FlowBranching.UsageVector vector = ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector;
 600
 601                         if (ec.CurrentBranching.InTryOrCatch (true)) {
 602                                 ec.CurrentBranching.AddFinallyVector (vector);
 603                                 in_exc = true;
 604                         } else if (ec.CurrentBranching.InFinally (true)) {
 605                                 Error (157, "Control can not leave the body of the finally block");
 606                                 return false;
 607                         } else
 608                                 vector.CheckOutParameters (ec.CurrentBranching);
 609
 610                         if (in_exc)
 611                                 ec.NeedReturnLabel ();
 612
 613                         ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector.Return ();
 614                         return true;
 615                 }
 616
 617                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 618                 {
 619                         if (Expr != null) {
 620                                 Expr.Emit (ec);
 621
 622                                 if (in_exc)
 623                                         ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, ec.TemporaryReturn ());
 624                         }
 625
 626                         if (in_exc)
 627                                 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Leave, ec.ReturnLabel);
 628                         else
 629                                 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ret);
 630                         }
 631                 }
 632
 633         public class Goto : Statement {
 634                 string target;
 635                 Block block;
 636                 LabeledStatement label;
 637
 638                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 639                 {
 640                         label = ec.CurrentBranching.LookupLabel (target, loc);
 641                         if (label == null)
 642                                 return false;
 643
 644                         // If this is a forward goto.
 645                         if (!label.IsDefined)
 646                                 label.AddUsageVector (ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector);
 647
 648                         ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector.Goto ();
 649
 650                         return true;
 651                 }
 652
 653                 public Goto (Block parent_block, string label, Location l)
 654                 {
 655                         block = parent_block;
 656                         loc = l;
 657                         target = label;
 658                 }
 659
 660                 public string Target {
 661                         get {
 662                                 return target;
 663                         }
 664                 }
 665
 666                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 667                 {
 668                         Label l = label.LabelTarget (ec);
 669                         ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, l);
 670                 }
 671         }
 672
 673         public class LabeledStatement : Statement {
 674                 public readonly Location Location;
 675                 bool defined;
 676                 bool referenced;
 677                 Label label;
 678                 ILGenerator ig;
 679
 680                 FlowBranching.UsageVector vectors;
 681
 682                 public LabeledStatement (string label_name, Location l)
 683                 {
 684                         this.Location = l;
 685                 }
 686
 687                 public Label LabelTarget (EmitContext ec)
 688                 {
 689                         if (defined)
 690                                 return label;
 691                         ig = ec.ig;
 692                         label = ec.ig.DefineLabel ();
 693                         defined = true;
 694
 695                         return label;
 696                 }
 697
 698                 public bool IsDefined {
 699                         get {
 700                                 return defined;
 701                         }
 702                 }
 703
 704                 public bool HasBeenReferenced {
 705                         get {
 706                                 return referenced;
 707                         }
 708                 }
 709
 710                 public void AddUsageVector (FlowBranching.UsageVector vector)
 711                 {
 712                         vector = vector.Clone ();
 713                         vector.Next = vectors;
 714                         vectors = vector;
 715                 }
 716
 717                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 718                 {
 719                         ec.CurrentBranching.Label (vectors);
 720
 721                         referenced = true;
 722
 723                         return true;
 724                 }
 725
 726                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 727                 {
 728                         if (ig != null && ig != ec.ig) {
 729                                 Report.Error (1632, "Control cannot leave body of anonymous method");
 730                                 return;
 731                         }
 732                         LabelTarget (ec);
 733                         ec.ig.MarkLabel (label);
 734                 }
 735         }
 736
 737
 738         /// <summary>
 739         ///   `goto default' statement
 740         /// </summary>
 741         public class GotoDefault : Statement {
 742
 743                 public GotoDefault (Location l)
 744                 {
 745                         loc = l;
 746                 }
 747
 748                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 749                 {
 750                         ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector.Goto ();
 751                         return true;
 752                 }
 753
 754                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 755                 {
 756                         if (ec.Switch == null){
 757                                 Report.Error (153, loc, "goto default is only valid in a switch statement");
 758                                 return;
 759                         }
 760
 761                         if (!ec.Switch.GotDefault){
 762                                 Report.Error (159, loc, "No default target on switch statement");
 763                                 return;
 764                         }
 765                         ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, ec.Switch.DefaultTarget);
 766                 }
 767         }
 768
 769         /// <summary>
 770         ///   `goto case' statement
 771         /// </summary>
 772         public class GotoCase : Statement {
 773                 Expression expr;
 774                 SwitchLabel sl;
 775
 776                 public GotoCase (Expression e, Location l)
 777                 {
 778                         expr = e;
 779                         loc = l;
 780                 }
 781
 782                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 783                 {
 784                         if (ec.Switch == null){
 785                                 Report.Error (153, loc, "goto case is only valid in a switch statement");
 786                                 return false;
 787                         }
 788
 789                         expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
 790                         if (expr == null)
 791                                 return false;
 792
 793                         if (!(expr is Constant)){
 794                                 Report.Error (159, loc, "Target expression for goto case is not constant");
 795                                 return false;
 796                         }
 797
 798                         object val = Expression.ConvertIntLiteral (
 799                                 (Constant) expr, ec.Switch.SwitchType, loc);
 800
 801                         if (val == null)
 802                                 return false;
 803
 804                         sl = (SwitchLabel) ec.Switch.Elements [val];
 805
 806                         if (sl == null){
 807                                 Report.Error (
 808                                         159, loc,
 809                                         "No such label 'case " + val + "': for the goto case");
 810                                 return false;
 811                         }
 812
 813                         ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector.Goto ();
 814                         return true;
 815                 }
 816
 817                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 818                 {
 819                         ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, sl.GetILLabelCode (ec));
 820                 }
 821         }
 822
 823         public class Throw : Statement {
 824                 Expression expr;
 825
 826                 public Throw (Expression expr, Location l)
 827                 {
 828                         this.expr = expr;
 829                         loc = l;
 830                 }
 831
 832                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 833                 {
 834                         ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector.Throw ();
 835
 836                         if (expr != null){
 837                                 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
 838                                 if (expr == null)
 839                                         return false;
 840
 841                                 ExprClass eclass = expr.eclass;
 842
 843                                 if (!(eclass == ExprClass.Variable || eclass == ExprClass.PropertyAccess ||
 844                                         eclass == ExprClass.Value || eclass == ExprClass.IndexerAccess)) {
 845                                         expr.Error_UnexpectedKind ("value, variable, property or indexer access ", loc);
 846                                         return false;
 847                                 }
 848
 849                                 Type t = expr.Type;
 850
 851                                 if ((t != TypeManager.exception_type) &&
 852                                         !t.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.exception_type) &&
 853                                         !(expr is NullLiteral)) {
 854                                         Error (155,
 855                                                 "The type caught or thrown must be derived " +
 856                                                 "from System.Exception");
 857                                         return false;
 858                                 }
 859                                 return true;
 860                         }
 861
 862                         if (ec.CurrentBranching.InFinally (true)) {
 863                                 Error (724, "A throw statement with no argument is only allowed in a catch clause nested inside of the innermost catch clause");
 864                                 return false;
 865                         }
 866
 867                         if (!ec.CurrentBranching.InCatch ()) {
 868                                 Error (156, "A throw statement with no argument is only allowed in a catch clause");
 869                                 return false;
 870                         }
 871                         return true;
 872                 }
 873
 874                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 875                 {
 876                         if (expr == null)
 877                                         ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Rethrow);
 878                                 else {
 879                         expr.Emit (ec);
 880
 881                         ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Throw);
 882                 }
 883         }
 884         }
 885
 886         public class Break : Statement {
 887
 888                 public Break (Location l)
 889                 {
 890                         loc = l;
 891                 }
 892
 893                 bool crossing_exc;
 894
 895                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 896                 {
 897                         if (!ec.CurrentBranching.InLoop () && !ec.CurrentBranching.InSwitch ()){
 898                                 Error (139, "No enclosing loop or switch to continue to");
 899                                 return false;
 900                         } else if (ec.CurrentBranching.InFinally (false)) {
 901                                 Error (157, "Control can not leave the body of the finally block");
 902                                 return false;
 903                         } else if (ec.CurrentBranching.InTryOrCatch (false))
 904                                 ec.CurrentBranching.AddFinallyVector (
 905                                         ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector);
 906                         else if (ec.CurrentBranching.InLoop ())
 907                                 ec.CurrentBranching.AddBreakVector (
 908                                         ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector);
 909
 910                         crossing_exc = ec.CurrentBranching.BreakCrossesTryCatchBoundary ();
 911
 912                         if (!crossing_exc)
 913                                 ec.NeedReturnLabel ();
 914
 915                         ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector.Break ();
 916                         return true;
 917                 }
 918
 919                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 920                 {
 921                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
 922
 923                         if (crossing_exc)
 924                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Leave, ec.LoopEnd);
 925                         else {
 926                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, ec.LoopEnd);
 927                 }
 928         }
 929         }
 930
 931         public class Continue : Statement {
 932
 933                 public Continue (Location l)
 934                 {
 935                         loc = l;
 936                 }
 937
 938                 bool crossing_exc;
 939
 940                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
 941                 {
 942                         if (!ec.CurrentBranching.InLoop () && !ec.CurrentBranching.InSwitch ()){
 943                                 Error (139, "No enclosing loop to continue to");
 944                                 return false;
 945                         } else if (ec.CurrentBranching.InFinally (false)) {
 946                                 Error (157, "Control can not leave the body of the finally block");
 947                                 return false;
 948                         } else if (ec.CurrentBranching.InTryOrCatch (false))
 949                                 ec.CurrentBranching.AddFinallyVector (ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector);
 950
 951                         crossing_exc = ec.CurrentBranching.BreakCrossesTryCatchBoundary ();
 952
 953                         ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector.Goto ();
 954                         return true;
 955                 }
 956
 957                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
 958                 {
 959                         Label begin = ec.LoopBegin;
 960
 961                         if (crossing_exc)
 962                                 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Leave, begin);
 963                         else
 964                                 ec.ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, begin);
 965                 }
 966         }
 967
 968         //
 969         // The information about a user-perceived local variable
 970         //
 971         public class LocalInfo {
 972                 public Expression Type;
 973
 974                 //
 975                 // Most of the time a variable will be stored in a LocalBuilder
 976                 //
 977                 // But sometimes, it will be stored in a field (variables that have been
 978                 // hoisted by iterators or by anonymous methods).  The context of the field will
 979                 // be stored in the EmitContext
 980                 //
 981                 //
 982                 public LocalBuilder LocalBuilder;
 983                 public FieldBuilder FieldBuilder;
 984
 985                 public Type VariableType;
 986                 public readonly string Name;
 987                 public readonly Location Location;
 988                 public readonly Block Block;
 989
 990                 public VariableInfo VariableInfo;
 991
 992                 enum Flags : byte {
 993                         Used = 1,
 994                         ReadOnly = 2,
 995                         Pinned = 4,
 996                         IsThis = 8,
 997                         Captured = 16,
 998                         AddressTaken = 32
 999                 }
1000
1001                 Flags flags;
1002
1003                 public LocalInfo (Expression type, string name, Block block, Location l)
1004                 {
1005                         Type = type;
1006                         Name = name;
1007                         Block = block;
1008                         Location = l;
1009                 }
1010
1011                 public LocalInfo (TypeContainer tc, Block block, Location l)
1012                 {
1013                         VariableType = tc.TypeBuilder;
1014                         Block = block;
1015                         Location = l;
1016                 }
1017
1018                 public bool IsThisAssigned (EmitContext ec, Location loc)
1019                 {
1020                         if (VariableInfo == null)
1021                                 throw new Exception ();
1022
1023                         if (!ec.DoFlowAnalysis || ec.CurrentBranching.IsAssigned (VariableInfo))
1024                                 return true;
1025
1026                         return VariableInfo.TypeInfo.IsFullyInitialized (ec.CurrentBranching, VariableInfo, loc);
1027                 }
1028
1029                 public bool IsAssigned (EmitContext ec)
1030                 {
1031                         if (VariableInfo == null)
1032                                 throw new Exception ();
1033
1034                         return !ec.DoFlowAnalysis || ec.CurrentBranching.IsAssigned (VariableInfo);
1035                 }
1036
1037                 public bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
1038                 {
1039                         if (VariableType == null) {
1040                                 TypeExpr texpr = Type.ResolveAsTypeTerminal (ec);
1041                                 if (texpr == null)
1042                                         return false;
1043
1044                                 VariableType = texpr.Type;
1045                         }
1046
1047                         if (VariableType == TypeManager.void_type) {
1048                                 Report.Error (1547, Location,
1049                                               "Keyword 'void' cannot be used in this context");
1050                                 return false;
1051                         }
1052
1053                         if (VariableType.IsAbstract && VariableType.IsSealed) {
1054                                 Report.Error (723, Location, "Cannot declare variable of static type '{0}'", TypeManager.CSharpName (VariableType));
1055                                 return false;
1056                         }
1057 // TODO: breaks the build
1058 //                      if (VariableType.IsPointer && !ec.InUnsafe)
1059 //                              Expression.UnsafeError (Location);
1060
1061                         return true;
1062                 }
1063
1064                 //
1065                 // Whether the variable is Fixed (because its Pinned or its a value type)
1066                 //
1067                 public bool IsFixed {
1068                         get {
1069                                 if (((flags & Flags.Pinned) != 0) || TypeManager.IsValueType (VariableType))
1070                                         return true;
1071
1072                                 return false;
1073                         }
1074                 }
1075
1076                 public bool IsCaptured {
1077                         get {
1078                                 return (flags & Flags.Captured) != 0;
1079                         }
1080
1081                         set {
1082                                 flags |= Flags.Captured;
1083                         }
1084                 }
1085
1086                 public bool AddressTaken {
1087                         get {
1088                                 return (flags & Flags.AddressTaken) != 0;
1089                         }
1090
1091                         set {
1092                                 flags |= Flags.AddressTaken;
1093                         }
1094                 }
1095
1096                 public override string ToString ()
1097                 {
1098                         return String.Format ("LocalInfo ({0},{1},{2},{3})",
1099                                               Name, Type, VariableInfo, Location);
1100                 }
1101
1102                 public bool Used {
1103                         get {
1104                                 return (flags & Flags.Used) != 0;
1105                         }
1106                         set {
1107                                 flags = value ? (flags | Flags.Used) : (unchecked (flags & ~Flags.Used));
1108                         }
1109                 }
1110
1111                 public bool ReadOnly {
1112                         get {
1113                                 return (flags & Flags.ReadOnly) != 0;
1114                         }
1115                         set {
1116                                 flags = value ? (flags | Flags.ReadOnly) : (unchecked (flags & ~Flags.ReadOnly));
1117                         }
1118                 }
1119
1120                 //
1121                 // Whether the variable is pinned, if Pinned the variable has been
1122                 // allocated in a pinned slot with DeclareLocal.
1123                 //
1124                 public bool Pinned {
1125                         get {
1126                                 return (flags & Flags.Pinned) != 0;
1127                         }
1128                         set {
1129                                 flags = value ? (flags | Flags.Pinned) : (flags & ~Flags.Pinned);
1130                         }
1131                 }
1132
1133                 public bool IsThis {
1134                         get {
1135                                 return (flags & Flags.IsThis) != 0;
1136                         }
1137                         set {
1138                                 flags = value ? (flags | Flags.IsThis) : (flags & ~Flags.IsThis);
1139                         }
1140                 }
1141         }
1142
1143         /// <summary>
1144         ///   Block represents a C# block.
1145         /// </summary>
1146         ///
1147         /// <remarks>
1148         ///   This class is used in a number of places: either to represent
1149         ///   explicit blocks that the programmer places or implicit blocks.
1150         ///
1151         ///   Implicit blocks are used as labels or to introduce variable
1152         ///   declarations.
1153         ///
1154         ///   Top-level blocks derive from Block, and they are called ToplevelBlock
1155         ///   they contain extra information that is not necessary on normal blocks.
1156         /// </remarks>
1157         public class Block : Statement {
1158                 public Block    Parent;
1159                 public readonly Location  StartLocation;
1160                 public Location           EndLocation = Location.Null;
1161
1162                 [Flags]
1163                 public enum Flags {
1164                         Implicit  = 1,
1165                         Unchecked = 2,
1166                         BlockUsed = 4,
1167                         VariablesInitialized = 8,
1168                         HasRet = 16,
1169                         IsDestructor = 32,
1170                         HasVarargs = 64,
1171                         IsToplevel = 128,
1172                         Unsafe = 256
1173                 }
1174                 Flags flags;
1175
1176                 public bool Implicit {
1177                         get {
1178                                 return (flags & Flags.Implicit) != 0;
1179                         }
1180                 }
1181
1182                 public bool Unchecked {
1183                         get {
1184                                 return (flags & Flags.Unchecked) != 0;
1185                         }
1186                         set {
1187                                 flags |= Flags.Unchecked;
1188                         }
1189                 }
1190
1191                 public bool Unsafe {
1192                         get {
1193                                 return (flags & Flags.Unsafe) != 0;
1194                         }
1195                         set {
1196                                 flags |= Flags.Unsafe;
1197                         }
1198                 }
1199
1200                 public bool HasVarargs {
1201                         get {
1202                                 if (Parent != null)
1203                                         return Parent.HasVarargs;
1204                                 else
1205                                         return (flags & Flags.HasVarargs) != 0;
1206                         }
1207                         set {
1208                                 flags |= Flags.HasVarargs;
1209                         }
1210                 }
1211
1212                 //
1213                 // The statements in this block
1214                 //
1215                 ArrayList statements;
1216                 int num_statements;
1217
1218                 //
1219                 // An array of Blocks.  We keep track of children just
1220                 // to generate the local variable declarations.
1221                 //
1222                 // Statements and child statements are handled through the
1223                 // statements.
1224                 //
1225                 ArrayList children;
1226
1227                 //
1228                 // Labels.  (label, block) pairs.
1229                 //
1230                 Hashtable labels;
1231
1232                 //
1233                 // Keeps track of (name, type) pairs
1234                 //
1235                 Hashtable variables;
1236
1237                 //
1238                 // Keeps track of constants
1239                 Hashtable constants;
1240
1241                 //
1242                 // The parameters for the block, this is only needed on the toplevel block really
1243                 // TODO: move `parameters' into ToplevelBlock
1244                 Parameters parameters;
1245
1246                 //
1247                 // If this is a switch section, the enclosing switch block.
1248                 //
1249                 Block switch_block;
1250
1251                 protected static int id;
1252
1253                 int this_id;
1254
1255                 public Block (Block parent)
1256                         : this (parent, (Flags) 0, Location.Null, Location.Null)
1257                 { }
1258
1259                 public Block (Block parent, Flags flags)
1260                         : this (parent, flags, Location.Null, Location.Null)
1261                 { }
1262
1263                 public Block (Block parent, Flags flags, Parameters parameters)
1264                         : this (parent, flags, parameters, Location.Null, Location.Null)
1265                 { }
1266
1267                 public Block (Block parent, Location start, Location end)
1268                         : this (parent, (Flags) 0, start, end)
1269                 { }
1270
1271                 public Block (Block parent, Parameters parameters, Location start, Location end)
1272                         : this (parent, (Flags) 0, parameters, start, end)
1273                 { }
1274
1275                 public Block (Block parent, Flags flags, Location start, Location end)
1276                         : this (parent, flags, Parameters.EmptyReadOnlyParameters, start, end)
1277                 { }
1278
1279                 public Block (Block parent, Flags flags, Parameters parameters,
1280                               Location start, Location end)
1281                 {
1282                         if (parent != null)
1283                                 parent.AddChild (this);
1284
1285                         this.Parent = parent;
1286                         this.flags = flags;
1287                         this.parameters = parameters;
1288                         this.StartLocation = start;
1289                         this.EndLocation = end;
1290                         this.loc = start;
1291                         this_id = id++;
1292                         statements = new ArrayList ();
1293
1294                         if (parent != null && Implicit) {
1295                                 if (parent.child_variable_names == null)
1296                                         parent.child_variable_names = new Hashtable();
1297                                 // share with parent
1298                                 child_variable_names = parent.child_variable_names;
1299                         }
1300
1301                 }
1302
1303                 public Block CreateSwitchBlock (Location start)
1304                 {
1305                         Block new_block = new Block (this, start, start);
1306                         new_block.switch_block = this;
1307                         return new_block;
1308                 }
1309
1310                 public int ID {
1311                         get {
1312                                 return this_id;
1313                         }
1314                 }
1315
1316                 void AddChild (Block b)
1317                 {
1318                         if (children == null)
1319                                 children = new ArrayList ();
1320
1321                         children.Add (b);
1322                 }
1323
1324                 public void SetEndLocation (Location loc)
1325                 {
1326                         EndLocation = loc;
1327                 }
1328
1329                 /// <summary>
1330                 ///   Adds a label to the current block.
1331                 /// </summary>
1332                 ///
1333                 /// <returns>
1334                 ///   false if the name already exists in this block. true
1335                 ///   otherwise.
1336                 /// </returns>
1337                 ///
1338                 public bool AddLabel (string name, LabeledStatement target, Location loc)
1339                 {
1340                         if (switch_block != null)
1341                                 return switch_block.AddLabel (name, target, loc);
1342
1343                         Block cur = this;
1344                         while (cur != null) {
1345                                 if (cur.DoLookupLabel (name) != null) {
1346                                         Report.Error (
1347                                                 140, loc, "The label '{0}' is a duplicate",
1348                                                 name);
1349                                         return false;
1350                                 }
1351
1352                                 if (!Implicit)
1353                                         break;
1354
1355                                 cur = cur.Parent;
1356                         }
1357
1358                         while (cur != null) {
1359                                 if (cur.DoLookupLabel (name) != null) {
1360                                         Report.Error (
1361                                                 158, loc,
1362                                                 "The label '{0}' shadows another label " +
1363                                                 "by the same name in a containing scope.",
1364                                                 name);
1365                                         return false;
1366                                 }
1367
1368                                 if (children != null) {
1369                                         foreach (Block b in children) {
1370                                                 LabeledStatement s = b.DoLookupLabel (name);
1371                                                 if (s == null)
1372                                                         continue;
1373
1374                                                 Report.Error (
1375                                                         158, s.Location,
1376                                                         "The label '{0}' shadows another " +
1377                                                         "label by the same name in a " +
1378                                                         "containing scope.",
1379                                                         name);
1380                                                 return false;
1381                                         }
1382                                 }
1383
1384
1385                                 cur = cur.Parent;
1386                         }
1387
1388                         if (labels == null)
1389                                 labels = new Hashtable ();
1390
1391                         labels.Add (name, target);
1392                         return true;
1393                 }
1394
1395                 public LabeledStatement LookupLabel (string name)
1396                 {
1397                         LabeledStatement s = DoLookupLabel (name);
1398                         if (s != null)
1399                                 return s;
1400
1401                         if (children == null)
1402                                 return null;
1403
1404                         foreach (Block child in children) {
1405                                 if (!child.Implicit)
1406                                         continue;
1407
1408                                 s = child.LookupLabel (name);
1409                                 if (s != null)
1410                                         return s;
1411                         }
1412
1413                         return null;
1414                 }
1415
1416                 LabeledStatement DoLookupLabel (string name)
1417                 {
1418                         if (switch_block != null)
1419                                 return switch_block.LookupLabel (name);
1420
1421                         if (labels != null)
1422                                 if (labels.Contains (name))
1423                                         return ((LabeledStatement) labels [name]);
1424
1425                         return null;
1426                 }
1427
1428                 LocalInfo this_variable = null;
1429
1430                 // <summary>
1431                 //   Returns the "this" instance variable of this block.
1432                 //   See AddThisVariable() for more information.
1433                 // </summary>
1434                 public LocalInfo ThisVariable {
1435                         get {
1436                                 for (Block b = this; b != null; b = b.Parent) {
1437                                         if (b.this_variable != null)
1438                                                 return b.this_variable;
1439                                 }
1440
1441                                 return null;
1442                         }
1443                 }
1444
1445                 Hashtable child_variable_names;
1446
1447                 // <summary>
1448                 //   Marks a variable with name @name as being used in a child block.
1449                 //   If a variable name has been used in a child block, it's illegal to
1450                 //   declare a variable with the same name in the current block.
1451                 // </summary>
1452                 public void AddChildVariableName (string name)
1453                 {
1454                         if (child_variable_names == null)
1455                                 child_variable_names = new Hashtable ();
1456
1457                         child_variable_names [name] = null;
1458                 }
1459
1460                 // <summary>
1461                 //   Checks whether a variable name has already been used in a child block.
1462                 // </summary>
1463                 public bool IsVariableNameUsedInChildBlock (string name)
1464                 {
1465                         if (child_variable_names == null)
1466                                 return false;
1467
1468                         return child_variable_names.Contains (name);
1469                 }
1470
1471                 // <summary>
1472                 //   This is used by non-static `struct' constructors which do not have an
1473                 //   initializer - in this case, the constructor must initialize all of the
1474                 //   struct's fields.  To do this, we add a "this" variable and use the flow
1475                 //   analysis code to ensure that it's been fully initialized before control
1476                 //   leaves the constructor.
1477                 // </summary>
1478                 public LocalInfo AddThisVariable (TypeContainer tc, Location l)
1479                 {
1480                         if (this_variable != null)
1481                                 return this_variable;
1482
1483                         if (variables == null)
1484                                 variables = new Hashtable ();
1485
1486                         this_variable = new LocalInfo (tc, this, l);
1487                         this_variable.Used = true;
1488                         this_variable.IsThis = true;
1489
1490                         variables.Add ("this", this_variable);
1491
1492                         return this_variable;
1493                 }
1494
1495                 public LocalInfo AddVariable (Expression type, string name, Parameters pars, Location l)
1496                 {
1497                         if (variables == null)
1498                                 variables = new Hashtable ();
1499
1500                         LocalInfo vi = GetLocalInfo (name);
1501                         if (vi != null) {
1502                                 if (vi.Block != this)
1503                                         Report.Error (136, l, "A local variable named `" + name + "' " +
1504                                                       "cannot be declared in this scope since it would " +
1505                                                       "give a different meaning to `" + name + "', which " +
1506                                                       "is already used in a `parent or current' scope to " +
1507                                                       "denote something else");
1508                                 else
1509                                         Report.Error (128, l, "A local variable `" + name + "' is already " +
1510                                                       "defined in this scope");
1511                                 return null;
1512                         }
1513
1514                         if (IsVariableNameUsedInChildBlock (name)) {
1515                                 Report.Error (136, l, "A local variable named `" + name + "' " +
1516                                               "cannot be declared in this scope since it would " +
1517                                               "give a different meaning to `" + name + "', which " +
1518                                               "is already used in a `child' scope to denote something " +
1519                                               "else");
1520                                 return null;
1521                         }
1522
1523                         if (pars != null) {
1524                                 int idx;
1525                                 Parameter p = pars.GetParameterByName (name, out idx);
1526                                 if (p != null) {
1527                                         Report.Error (136, l, "A local variable named `" + name + "' " +
1528                                                       "cannot be declared in this scope since it would " +
1529                                                       "give a different meaning to `" + name + "', which " +
1530                                                       "is already used in a `parent or current' scope to " +
1531                                                       "denote something else");
1532                                         return null;
1533                                 }
1534                         }
1535
1536                         vi = new LocalInfo (type, name, this, l);
1537
1538                         variables.Add (name, vi);
1539
1540                         // Mark 'name' as "used by a child block" in every surrounding block
1541                         Block cur = this;
1542                         while (cur != null && cur.Implicit)
1543                                 cur = cur.Parent;
1544                         if (cur != null)
1545                                 for (Block par = cur.Parent; par != null; par = par.Parent)
1546                                         par.AddChildVariableName (name);
1547
1548                         if ((flags & Flags.VariablesInitialized) != 0)
1549                                 throw new Exception ();
1550
1551                         // Console.WriteLine ("Adding {0} to {1}", name, ID);
1552                         return vi;
1553                 }
1554
1555                 public bool AddConstant (Expression type, string name, Expression value, Parameters pars, Location l)
1556                 {
1557                         if (AddVariable (type, name, pars, l) == null)
1558                                 return false;
1559
1560                         if (constants == null)
1561                                 constants = new Hashtable ();
1562
1563                         constants.Add (name, value);
1564                         return true;
1565                 }
1566
1567                 public Hashtable Variables {
1568                         get {
1569                                 return variables;
1570                         }
1571                 }
1572
1573                 public LocalInfo GetLocalInfo (string name)
1574                 {
1575                         for (Block b = this; b != null; b = b.Parent) {
1576                                 if (b.variables != null) {
1577                                         LocalInfo ret = b.variables [name] as LocalInfo;
1578                                         if (ret != null)
1579                                                 return ret;
1580                                 }
1581                         }
1582                         return null;
1583                 }
1584
1585                 public Expression GetVariableType (string name)
1586                 {
1587                         LocalInfo vi = GetLocalInfo (name);
1588
1589                         if (vi != null)
1590                                 return vi.Type;
1591
1592                         return null;
1593                 }
1594
1595                 public Expression GetConstantExpression (string name)
1596                 {
1597                         for (Block b = this; b != null; b = b.Parent) {
1598                                 if (b.constants != null) {
1599                                         Expression ret = b.constants [name] as Expression;
1600                                         if (ret != null)
1601                                                 return ret;
1602                                 }
1603                         }
1604                         return null;
1605                 }
1606
1607                 /// <summary>
1608                 ///   True if the variable named @name is a constant
1609                 ///  </summary>
1610                 public bool IsConstant (string name)
1611                 {
1612                         Expression e = null;
1613
1614                         e = GetConstantExpression (name);
1615
1616                         return e != null;
1617                 }
1618
1619                 //
1620                 // Returns a `ParameterReference' for the given name, or null if there
1621                 // is no such parameter
1622                 //
1623                 public ParameterReference GetParameterReference (string name, Location loc)
1624                 {
1625                                 Block b = this;
1626
1627                         do {
1628                                 Parameters pars = b.parameters;
1629
1630                                 if (pars != null){
1631                                         Parameter par;
1632                                         int idx;
1633
1634                                         par = pars.GetParameterByName (name, out idx);
1635                                         if (par != null){
1636                                                 ParameterReference pr;
1637
1638                                                 pr = new ParameterReference (pars, this, idx, name, loc);
1639                                                 return pr;
1640                                         }
1641                                 }
1642                                         b = b.Parent;
1643                         } while (b != null);
1644                         return null;
1645                         }
1646
1647                 //
1648                 // Whether the parameter named `name' is local to this block,
1649                 // or false, if the parameter belongs to an encompassing block.
1650                 //
1651                 public bool IsLocalParameter (string name)
1652                 {
1653                                 Block b = this;
1654                         int toplevel_count = 0;
1655
1656                         do {
1657                                 if (this is ToplevelBlock)
1658                                         toplevel_count++;
1659
1660                                 Parameters pars = b.parameters;
1661                                 if (pars != null){
1662                                         if (pars.GetParameterByName (name) != null)
1663                                                 return true;
1664                                         return false;
1665                                 }
1666                                 if (toplevel_count > 0)
1667                                         return false;
1668                                         b = b.Parent;
1669                         } while (b != null);
1670                         return false;
1671                         }
1672
1673                 //
1674                 // Whether the `name' is a parameter reference
1675                 //
1676                 public bool IsParameterReference (string name)
1677                 {
1678                         Block b = this;
1679
1680                         do {
1681                                 Parameters pars = b.parameters;
1682
1683                                 if (pars != null)
1684                                         if (pars.GetParameterByName (name) != null)
1685                                                 return true;
1686                                 b = b.Parent;
1687                         } while (b != null);
1688                         return false;
1689                 }
1690
1691                 /// <returns>
1692                 ///   A list of labels that were not used within this block
1693                 /// </returns>
1694                 public string [] GetUnreferenced ()
1695                 {
1696                         // FIXME: Implement me
1697                         return null;
1698                 }
1699
1700                 public void AddStatement (Statement s)
1701                 {
1702                         statements.Add (s);
1703                         flags |= Flags.BlockUsed;
1704                 }
1705
1706                 public bool Used {
1707                         get {
1708                                 return (flags & Flags.BlockUsed) != 0;
1709                         }
1710                 }
1711
1712                 public void Use ()
1713                 {
1714                         flags |= Flags.BlockUsed;
1715                 }
1716
1717                 public bool HasRet {
1718                         get {
1719                                 return (flags & Flags.HasRet) != 0;
1720                         }
1721                 }
1722
1723                 public bool IsDestructor {
1724                         get {
1725                                 return (flags & Flags.IsDestructor) != 0;
1726                         }
1727                 }
1728
1729                 public void SetDestructor ()
1730                 {
1731                         flags |= Flags.IsDestructor;
1732                 }
1733
1734                 VariableMap param_map, local_map;
1735
1736                 public VariableMap ParameterMap {
1737                         get {
1738                                 if ((flags & Flags.VariablesInitialized) == 0)
1739                                         throw new Exception ("Variables have not been initialized yet");
1740
1741                                 return param_map;
1742                         }
1743                 }
1744
1745                 public VariableMap LocalMap {
1746                         get {
1747                                 if ((flags & Flags.VariablesInitialized) == 0)
1748                                         throw new Exception ("Variables have not been initialized yet");
1749
1750                                 return local_map;
1751                         }
1752                 }
1753
1754                 /// <summary>
1755                 ///   Emits the variable declarations and labels.
1756                 /// </summary>
1757                 /// <remarks>
1758                 ///   tc: is our typecontainer (to resolve type references)
1759                 ///   ig: is the code generator:
1760                 /// </remarks>
1761                 public void ResolveMeta (ToplevelBlock toplevel, EmitContext ec, InternalParameters ip)
1762                 {
1763                         bool old_unsafe = ec.InUnsafe;
1764
1765                         // If some parent block was unsafe, we remain unsafe even if this block
1766                         // isn't explicitly marked as such.
1767                         ec.InUnsafe |= Unsafe;
1768
1769                         //
1770                         // Compute the VariableMap's.
1771                         //
1772                         // Unfortunately, we don't know the type when adding variables with
1773                         // AddVariable(), so we need to compute this info here.
1774                         //
1775
1776                         LocalInfo[] locals;
1777                         if (variables != null) {
1778                                 foreach (LocalInfo li in variables.Values)
1779                                         li.Resolve (ec);
1780
1781                                 locals = new LocalInfo [variables.Count];
1782                                 variables.Values.CopyTo (locals, 0);
1783                         } else
1784                                 locals = new LocalInfo [0];
1785
1786                         if (Parent != null)
1787                                 local_map = new VariableMap (Parent.LocalMap, locals);
1788                         else
1789                                 local_map = new VariableMap (locals);
1790
1791                         param_map = new VariableMap (ip);
1792                         flags |= Flags.VariablesInitialized;
1793
1794                         bool old_check_state = ec.ConstantCheckState;
1795                         ec.ConstantCheckState = (flags & Flags.Unchecked) == 0;
1796
1797                         //
1798                         // Process this block variables
1799                         //
1800                         if (variables != null){
1801                                 foreach (DictionaryEntry de in variables){
1802                                         string name = (string) de.Key;
1803                                         LocalInfo vi = (LocalInfo) de.Value;
1804
1805                                         if (vi.VariableType == null)
1806                                                 continue;
1807
1808                                         Type variable_type = vi.VariableType;
1809
1810                                         if (variable_type.IsPointer){
1811                                                 //
1812                                                 // Am not really convinced that this test is required (Microsoft does it)
1813                                                 // but the fact is that you would not be able to use the pointer variable
1814                                                 // *anyways*
1815                                                 //
1816                                                 if (!TypeManager.VerifyUnManaged (TypeManager.GetElementType (variable_type),
1817                                                                                   vi.Location))
1818                                                         continue;
1819                                         }
1820
1821 #if false
1822                                         if (remap_locals)
1823                                                 vi.FieldBuilder = ec.MapVariable (name, vi.VariableType);
1824                                         else if (vi.Pinned)
1825                                                 //
1826                                                 // This is needed to compile on both .NET 1.x and .NET 2.x
1827                                                 // the later introduced `DeclareLocal (Type t, bool pinned)'
1828                                                 //
1829                                                 vi.LocalBuilder = TypeManager.DeclareLocalPinned (ig, vi.VariableType);
1830                                         else if (!vi.IsThis)
1831                                                 vi.LocalBuilder = ig.DeclareLocal (vi.VariableType);
1832 #endif
1833
1834                                         if (constants == null)
1835                                                 continue;
1836
1837                                         Expression cv = (Expression) constants [name];
1838                                         if (cv == null)
1839                                                 continue;
1840
1841                                         ec.CurrentBlock = this;
1842                                         Expression e = cv.Resolve (ec);
1843                                         if (e == null)
1844                                                 continue;
1845
1846                                         Constant ce = e as Constant;
1847                                         if (ce == null){
1848                                                 Report.Error (133, vi.Location,
1849                                                               "The expression being assigned to `" +
1850                                                               name + "' must be constant (" + e + ")");
1851                                                 continue;
1852                                         }
1853
1854                                         if (e.Type != variable_type){
1855                                                 e = Const.ChangeType (vi.Location, ce, variable_type);
1856                                                 if (e == null)
1857                                                         continue;
1858                                         }
1859
1860                                         constants.Remove (name);
1861                                         constants.Add (name, e);
1862                                 }
1863                         }
1864                         ec.ConstantCheckState = old_check_state;
1865
1866                         //
1867                         // Now, handle the children
1868                         //
1869                         if (children != null){
1870                                 foreach (Block b in children)
1871                                         b.ResolveMeta (toplevel, ec, ip);
1872                         }
1873                         ec.InUnsafe = old_unsafe;
1874                 }
1875
1876                 //
1877                 // Emits the local variable declarations for a block
1878                 //
1879                 public void EmitMeta (EmitContext ec)
1880                 {
1881                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
1882
1883                         if (variables != null){
1884                                 bool have_captured_vars = ec.HaveCapturedVariables ();
1885                                 bool remap_locals = ec.RemapToProxy;
1886
1887                                 foreach (DictionaryEntry de in variables){
1888                                         LocalInfo vi = (LocalInfo) de.Value;
1889
1890                                         if (have_captured_vars && ec.IsCaptured (vi))
1891                                                 continue;
1892
1893                                         if (remap_locals){
1894                                                 vi.FieldBuilder = ec.MapVariable (vi.Name, vi.VariableType);
1895                                         } else {
1896                                                 if (vi.Pinned)
1897                                                         //
1898                                                         // This is needed to compile on both .NET 1.x and .NET 2.x
1899                                                         // the later introduced `DeclareLocal (Type t, bool pinned)'
1900                                                         //
1901                                                         vi.LocalBuilder = TypeManager.DeclareLocalPinned (ig, vi.VariableType);
1902                                                 else if (!vi.IsThis)
1903                                                         vi.LocalBuilder = ig.DeclareLocal (vi.VariableType);
1904                                         }
1905                                 }
1906                         }
1907
1908                         if (children != null){
1909                                 foreach (Block b in children)
1910                                         b.EmitMeta (ec);
1911                         }
1912                 }
1913
1914                 void UsageWarning (FlowBranching.UsageVector vector)
1915                 {
1916                         string name;
1917
1918                         if ((variables != null) && (RootContext.WarningLevel >= 3)) {
1919                                 foreach (DictionaryEntry de in variables){
1920                                         LocalInfo vi = (LocalInfo) de.Value;
1921
1922                                         if (vi.Used)
1923                                                 continue;
1924
1925                                         name = (string) de.Key;
1926
1927                                         if (vector.IsAssigned (vi.VariableInfo)){
1928                                                 Report.Warning (219, vi.Location, "The variable '{0}' is assigned but its value is never used", name);
1929                                         } else {
1930                                                 Report.Warning (168, vi.Location, "The variable '{0}' is declared but never used", name);
1931                                         }
1932                                 }
1933                         }
1934                 }
1935
1936                 bool unreachable_shown;
1937
1938                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
1939                 {
1940                         Block prev_block = ec.CurrentBlock;
1941                         bool ok = true;
1942
1943                         int errors = Report.Errors;
1944
1945                         ec.CurrentBlock = this;
1946                         ec.StartFlowBranching (this);
1947
1948                         Report.Debug (4, "RESOLVE BLOCK", StartLocation, ec.CurrentBranching);
1949
1950                         bool unreachable = unreachable_shown;
1951
1952                         int statement_count = statements.Count;
1953                         for (int ix = 0; ix < statement_count; ix++){
1954                                 Statement s = (Statement) statements [ix];
1955
1956                                 if (unreachable && !(s is LabeledStatement)) {
1957                                         if (s == EmptyStatement.Value)
1958                                                 s.loc = EndLocation;
1959
1960                                         if (!s.ResolveUnreachable (ec, !unreachable_shown))
1961                                                 ok = false;
1962
1963                                         if (s != EmptyStatement.Value)
1964                                                 unreachable_shown = true;
1965                                         else
1966                                                 s.loc = Location.Null;
1967
1968                                         if (ok && !(s is Block)) {
1969                                                 statements [ix] = EmptyStatement.Value;
1970                                                 continue;
1971                                         }
1972                                 }
1973
1974                                 if (s.Resolve (ec) == false) {
1975                                         ok = false;
1976                                         statements [ix] = EmptyStatement.Value;
1977                                         continue;
1978                                 }
1979
1980                                 num_statements = ix + 1;
1981
1982                                 if (s is LabeledStatement)
1983                                         unreachable = false;
1984                                 else
1985                                         unreachable = ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector.Reachability.IsUnreachable;
1986                         }
1987
1988                         Report.Debug (4, "RESOLVE BLOCK DONE", StartLocation,
1989                                       ec.CurrentBranching, statement_count, num_statements);
1990
1991
1992                         FlowBranching.UsageVector vector = ec.DoEndFlowBranching ();
1993
1994                         ec.CurrentBlock = prev_block;
1995
1996                         // If we're a non-static `struct' constructor which doesn't have an
1997                         // initializer, then we must initialize all of the struct's fields.
1998                         if ((this_variable != null) &&
1999                             (vector.Reachability.Throws != FlowBranching.FlowReturns.Always) &&
2000                             !this_variable.IsThisAssigned (ec, loc))
2001                                 ok = false;
2002
2003                         if ((labels != null) && (RootContext.WarningLevel >= 2)) {
2004                                 foreach (LabeledStatement label in labels.Values)
2005                                         if (!label.HasBeenReferenced)
2006                                                 Report.Warning (164, label.Location,
2007                                                                 "This label has not been referenced");
2008                         }
2009
2010                         Report.Debug (4, "RESOLVE BLOCK DONE #2", StartLocation, vector);
2011
2012                         if ((vector.Reachability.Returns == FlowBranching.FlowReturns.Always) ||
2013                             (vector.Reachability.Throws == FlowBranching.FlowReturns.Always) ||
2014                             (vector.Reachability.Reachable == FlowBranching.FlowReturns.Never))
2015                                 flags |= Flags.HasRet;
2016
2017                         if (ok && (errors == Report.Errors)) {
2018                                 if (RootContext.WarningLevel >= 3)
2019                                         UsageWarning (vector);
2020                         }
2021
2022                         return ok;
2023                 }
2024
2025                 public override bool ResolveUnreachable (EmitContext ec, bool warn)
2026                 {
2027                         unreachable_shown = true;
2028
2029                         if (warn && (RootContext.WarningLevel >= 2))
2030                                 Report.Warning (162, loc, "Unreachable code detected");
2031
2032                         if (Implicit)
2033                                 return Resolve (ec);
2034
2035                         ec.StartFlowBranching (FlowBranching.BranchingType.Block, loc);
2036                         bool ok = Resolve (ec);
2037                         ec.KillFlowBranching ();
2038
2039                         return ok;
2040                 }
2041
2042                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
2043                 {
2044                         for (int ix = 0; ix < num_statements; ix++){
2045                                 Statement s = (Statement) statements [ix];
2046
2047                                 // Check whether we are the last statement in a
2048                                 // top-level block.
2049
2050                                 if (((Parent == null) || Implicit) && (ix+1 == num_statements) && !(s is Block))
2051                                         ec.IsLastStatement = true;
2052                                 else
2053                                         ec.IsLastStatement = false;
2054
2055                                 s.Emit (ec);
2056                         }
2057                 }
2058
2059                 public override void Emit (EmitContext ec)
2060                 {
2061                         Block prev_block = ec.CurrentBlock;
2062
2063                         ec.CurrentBlock = this;
2064
2065                         bool emit_debug_info = (CodeGen.SymbolWriter != null);
2066                         bool is_lexical_block = !Implicit && (Parent != null);
2067
2068                         if (emit_debug_info) {
2069                                 if (is_lexical_block)
2070                                         ec.ig.BeginScope ();
2071
2072                                 if (variables != null) {
2073                                         foreach (DictionaryEntry de in variables) {
2074                                                 string name = (string) de.Key;
2075                                                 LocalInfo vi = (LocalInfo) de.Value;
2076
2077                                                 if (vi.LocalBuilder == null)
2078                                                         continue;
2079
2080                                                 ec.DefineLocalVariable (name, vi.LocalBuilder);
2081                                         }
2082                                 }
2083                         }
2084
2085                         ec.Mark (StartLocation, true);
2086                         DoEmit (ec);
2087                         ec.Mark (EndLocation, true);
2088
2089                         if (emit_debug_info && is_lexical_block)
2090                                 ec.ig.EndScope ();
2091
2092                         ec.CurrentBlock = prev_block;
2093                 }
2094
2095                 public ToplevelBlock Toplevel {
2096                         get {
2097                                 Block b = this;
2098                                 while (b.Parent != null){
2099                                         if ((b.flags & Flags.IsToplevel) != 0)
2100                                                 break;
2101                                         b = b.Parent;
2102                                 }
2103
2104                                 return (ToplevelBlock) b;
2105                         }
2106         }
2107
2108         //
2109                 // Returns true if we ar ea child of `b'.
2110                 //
2111                 public bool IsChildOf (Block b)
2112                 {
2113                         Block current = this;
2114
2115                         do {
2116                                 if (current.Parent == b)
2117                                         return true;
2118                                 current = current.Parent;
2119                         } while (current != null);
2120                         return false;
2121                 }
2122         }
2123
2124         //
2125         // A toplevel block contains extra information, the split is done
2126         // only to separate information that would otherwise bloat the more
2127         // lightweight Block.
2128         //
2129         // In particular, this was introduced when the support for Anonymous
2130         // Methods was implemented.
2131         //
2132         public class ToplevelBlock : Block {
2133                 //
2134                 // Pointer to the host of this anonymous method, or null
2135                 // if we are the topmost block
2136                 //
2137                 public ToplevelBlock Container;
2138                 CaptureContext capture_context;
2139
2140                 Hashtable capture_contexts;
2141
2142                 static int did = 0;
2143
2144
2145                 public void RegisterCaptureContext (CaptureContext cc)
2146                 {
2147                         if (capture_contexts == null)
2148                                 capture_contexts = new Hashtable ();
2149                         capture_contexts [cc] = cc;
2150                 }
2151
2152                 public void CompleteContexts ()
2153                 {
2154                         if (capture_contexts == null)
2155                                 return;
2156
2157                         foreach (CaptureContext cc in capture_contexts.Keys){
2158                                 cc.AdjustScopes ();
2159                         }
2160                 }
2161
2162                 public CaptureContext ToplevelBlockCaptureContext {
2163                         get {
2164                                 return capture_context;
2165                         }
2166                 }
2167
2168                 //
2169                 // Parent is only used by anonymous blocks to link back to their
2170                 // parents
2171                 //
2172                 public ToplevelBlock (ToplevelBlock container, Parameters parameters, Location start) :
2173                         base (null, Flags.IsToplevel, parameters, start, Location.Null)
2174                 {
2175                         Container = container;
2176                 }
2177
2178                 public ToplevelBlock (Parameters parameters, Location start) :
2179                         base (null, Flags.IsToplevel, parameters, start, Location.Null)
2180                 {
2181                 }
2182
2183                 public ToplevelBlock (Flags flags, Parameters parameters, Location start) :
2184                         base (null, flags | Flags.IsToplevel, parameters, start, Location.Null)
2185                 {
2186                 }
2187
2188                 public ToplevelBlock (Location loc) : base (null, Flags.IsToplevel, loc, loc)
2189                 {
2190                 }
2191
2192                 public void SetHaveAnonymousMethods (Location loc, AnonymousMethod host)
2193                 {
2194                         if (capture_context == null)
2195                                 capture_context = new CaptureContext (this, loc, host);
2196                 }
2197
2198                 public CaptureContext CaptureContext {
2199                         get {
2200                                 return capture_context;
2201                         }
2202                 }
2203         }
2204
2205         public class SwitchLabel {
2206                 Expression label;
2207                 object converted;
2208                 public Location loc;
2209
2210                 Label il_label;
2211                 bool  il_label_set;
2212                 Label il_label_code;
2213                 bool  il_label_code_set;
2214
2215                 //
2216                 // if expr == null, then it is the default case.
2217                 //
2218                 public SwitchLabel (Expression expr, Location l)
2219                 {
2220                         label = expr;
2221                         loc = l;
2222                 }
2223
2224                 public Expression Label {
2225                         get {
2226                                 return label;
2227                         }
2228                 }
2229
2230                 public object Converted {
2231                         get {
2232                                 return converted;
2233                         }
2234                 }
2235
2236                 public Label GetILLabel (EmitContext ec)
2237                 {
2238                         if (!il_label_set){
2239                                 il_label = ec.ig.DefineLabel ();
2240                                 il_label_set = true;
2241                         }
2242                         return il_label;
2243                 }
2244
2245                 public Label GetILLabelCode (EmitContext ec)
2246                 {
2247                         if (!il_label_code_set){
2248                                 il_label_code = ec.ig.DefineLabel ();
2249                                 il_label_code_set = true;
2250                         }
2251                         return il_label_code;
2252                 }
2253
2254                 //
2255                 // Resolves the expression, reduces it to a literal if possible
2256                 // and then converts it to the requested type.
2257                 //
2258                 public bool ResolveAndReduce (EmitContext ec, Type required_type)
2259                 {
2260                         if (label == null)
2261                                 return true;
2262
2263                         Expression e = label.Resolve (ec);
2264
2265                         if (e == null)
2266                                 return false;
2267
2268                         if (!(e is Constant)){
2269                                 Report.Error (150, loc, "A constant value is expected, got: " + e);
2270                                 return false;
2271                         }
2272
2273                         if (e is StringConstant || e is NullLiteral){
2274                                 if (required_type == TypeManager.string_type){
2275                                         converted = e;
2276                                         return true;
2277                                 }
2278                         }
2279
2280                         converted = Expression.ConvertIntLiteral ((Constant) e, required_type, loc);
2281                         if (converted == null)
2282                                 return false;
2283
2284                         return true;
2285                 }
2286         }
2287
2288         public class SwitchSection {
2289                 // An array of SwitchLabels.
2290                 public readonly ArrayList Labels;
2291                 public readonly Block Block;
2292
2293                 public SwitchSection (ArrayList labels, Block block)
2294                 {
2295                         Labels = labels;
2296                         Block = block;
2297                 }
2298         }
2299
2300         public class Switch : Statement {
2301                 public readonly ArrayList Sections;
2302                 public Expression Expr;
2303
2304                 /// <summary>
2305                 ///   Maps constants whose type type SwitchType to their  SwitchLabels.
2306                 /// </summary>
2307                 public Hashtable Elements;
2308
2309                 /// <summary>
2310                 ///   The governing switch type
2311                 /// </summary>
2312                 public Type SwitchType;
2313
2314                 //
2315                 // Computed
2316                 //
2317                 bool got_default;
2318                 Label default_target;
2319                 Expression new_expr;
2320                 bool is_constant;
2321                 SwitchSection constant_section;
2322
2323                 //
2324                 // The types allowed to be implicitly cast from
2325                 // on the governing type
2326                 //
2327                 static Type [] allowed_types;
2328
2329                 public Switch (Expression e, ArrayList sects, Location l)
2330                 {
2331                         Expr = e;
2332                         Sections = sects;
2333                         loc = l;
2334                 }
2335
2336                 public bool GotDefault {
2337                         get {
2338                                 return got_default;
2339                         }
2340                 }
2341
2342                 public Label DefaultTarget {
2343                         get {
2344                                 return default_target;
2345                         }
2346                 }
2347
2348                 //
2349                 // Determines the governing type for a switch.  The returned
2350                 // expression might be the expression from the switch, or an
2351                 // expression that includes any potential conversions to the
2352                 // integral types or to string.
2353                 //
2354                 Expression SwitchGoverningType (EmitContext ec, Type t)
2355                 {
2356                         if (t == TypeManager.int32_type ||
2357                             t == TypeManager.uint32_type ||
2358                             t == TypeManager.char_type ||
2359                             t == TypeManager.byte_type ||
2360                             t == TypeManager.sbyte_type ||
2361                             t == TypeManager.ushort_type ||
2362                             t == TypeManager.short_type ||
2363                             t == TypeManager.uint64_type ||
2364                             t == TypeManager.int64_type ||
2365                             t == TypeManager.string_type ||
2366                                 t == TypeManager.bool_type ||
2367                                 t.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.enum_type))
2368                                 return Expr;
2369
2370                         if (allowed_types == null){
2371                                 allowed_types = new Type [] {
2372                                         TypeManager.int32_type,
2373                                         TypeManager.uint32_type,
2374                                         TypeManager.sbyte_type,
2375                                         TypeManager.byte_type,
2376                                         TypeManager.short_type,
2377                                         TypeManager.ushort_type,
2378                                         TypeManager.int64_type,
2379                                         TypeManager.uint64_type,
2380                                         TypeManager.char_type,
2381                                         TypeManager.bool_type,
2382                                         TypeManager.string_type
2383                                 };
2384                         }
2385
2386                         //
2387                         // Try to find a *user* defined implicit conversion.
2388                         //
2389                         // If there is no implicit conversion, or if there are multiple
2390                         // conversions, we have to report an error
2391                         //
2392                         Expression converted = null;
2393                         foreach (Type tt in allowed_types){
2394                                 Expression e;
2395
2396                                 e = Convert.ImplicitUserConversion (ec, Expr, tt, loc);
2397                                 if (e == null)
2398                                         continue;
2399
2400                                 //
2401                                 // Ignore over-worked ImplicitUserConversions that do
2402                                 // an implicit conversion in addition to the user conversion.
2403                                 //
2404                                 if (e is UserCast){
2405                                         UserCast ue = e as UserCast;
2406
2407                                         if (ue.Source != Expr)
2408                                                 e = null;
2409                                 }
2410
2411                                 if (converted != null){
2412                                         Report.ExtraInformation (
2413                                                 loc,
2414                                                 String.Format ("reason: more than one conversion to an integral type exist for type {0}",
2415                                                                TypeManager.CSharpName (Expr.Type)));
2416                                         return null;
2417                                 } else {
2418                                         converted = e;
2419                                 }
2420                         }
2421                         return converted;
2422                 }
2423
2424                 static string Error152 {
2425                         get {
2426                                 return "The label '{0}:' already occurs in this switch statement";
2427                         }
2428                 }
2429
2430                 //
2431                 // Performs the basic sanity checks on the switch statement
2432                 // (looks for duplicate keys and non-constant expressions).
2433                 //
2434                 // It also returns a hashtable with the keys that we will later
2435                 // use to compute the switch tables
2436                 //
2437                 bool CheckSwitch (EmitContext ec)
2438                 {
2439                         Type compare_type;
2440                         bool error = false;
2441                         Elements = new Hashtable ();
2442
2443                         got_default = false;
2444
2445                         if (TypeManager.IsEnumType (SwitchType)){
2446                                 compare_type = TypeManager.EnumToUnderlying (SwitchType);
2447                         } else
2448                                 compare_type = SwitchType;
2449
2450                         foreach (SwitchSection ss in Sections){
2451                                 foreach (SwitchLabel sl in ss.Labels){
2452                                         if (!sl.ResolveAndReduce (ec, SwitchType)){
2453                                                 error = true;
2454                                                 continue;
2455                                         }
2456
2457                                         if (sl.Label == null){
2458                                                 if (got_default){
2459                                                         Report.Error (152, sl.loc, Error152, "default");
2460                                                         error = true;
2461                                                 }
2462                                                 got_default = true;
2463                                                 continue;
2464                                         }
2465
2466                                         object key = sl.Converted;
2467
2468                                         if (key is Constant)
2469                                                 key = ((Constant) key).GetValue ();
2470
2471                                         if (key == null)
2472                                                 key = NullLiteral.Null;
2473
2474                                         string lname = null;
2475                                         if (compare_type == TypeManager.uint64_type){
2476                                                 ulong v = (ulong) key;
2477
2478                                                 if (Elements.Contains (v))
2479                                                         lname = v.ToString ();
2480                                                 else
2481                                                         Elements.Add (v, sl);
2482                                         } else if (compare_type == TypeManager.int64_type){
2483                                                 long v = (long) key;
2484
2485                                                 if (Elements.Contains (v))
2486                                                         lname = v.ToString ();
2487                                                 else
2488                                                         Elements.Add (v, sl);
2489                                         } else if (compare_type == TypeManager.uint32_type){
2490                                                 uint v = (uint) key;
2491
2492                                                 if (Elements.Contains (v))
2493                                                         lname = v.ToString ();
2494                                                 else
2495                                                         Elements.Add (v, sl);
2496                                         } else if (compare_type == TypeManager.char_type){
2497                                                 char v = (char) key;
2498
2499                                                 if (Elements.Contains (v))
2500                                                         lname = v.ToString ();
2501                                                 else
2502                                                         Elements.Add (v, sl);
2503                                         } else if (compare_type == TypeManager.byte_type){
2504                                                 byte v = (byte) key;
2505
2506                                                 if (Elements.Contains (v))
2507                                                         lname = v.ToString ();
2508                                                 else
2509                                                         Elements.Add (v, sl);
2510                                         } else if (compare_type == TypeManager.sbyte_type){
2511                                                 sbyte v = (sbyte) key;
2512
2513                                                 if (Elements.Contains (v))
2514                                                         lname = v.ToString ();
2515                                                 else
2516                                                         Elements.Add (v, sl);
2517                                         } else if (compare_type == TypeManager.short_type){
2518                                                 short v = (short) key;
2519
2520                                                 if (Elements.Contains (v))
2521                                                         lname = v.ToString ();
2522                                                 else
2523                                                         Elements.Add (v, sl);
2524                                         } else if (compare_type == TypeManager.ushort_type){
2525                                                 ushort v = (ushort) key;
2526
2527                                                 if (Elements.Contains (v))
2528                                                         lname = v.ToString ();
2529                                                 else
2530                                                         Elements.Add (v, sl);
2531                                         } else if (compare_type == TypeManager.string_type){
2532                                                 if (key is NullLiteral){
2533                                                         if (Elements.Contains (NullLiteral.Null))
2534                                                                 lname = "null";
2535                                                         else
2536                                                                 Elements.Add (NullLiteral.Null, null);
2537                                                 } else {
2538                                                         string s = (string) key;
2539
2540                                                         if (Elements.Contains (s))
2541                                                                 lname = s;
2542                                                         else
2543                                                                 Elements.Add (s, sl);
2544                                                 }
2545                                         } else if (compare_type == TypeManager.int32_type) {
2546                                                 int v = (int) key;
2547
2548                                                 if (Elements.Contains (v))
2549                                                         lname = v.ToString ();
2550                                                 else
2551                                                         Elements.Add (v, sl);
2552                                         } else if (compare_type == TypeManager.bool_type) {
2553                                                 bool v = (bool) key;
2554
2555                                                 if (Elements.Contains (v))
2556                                                         lname = v.ToString ();
2557                                                 else
2558                                                         Elements.Add (v, sl);
2559                                         }
2560                                         else
2561                                         {
2562                                                 throw new Exception ("Unknown switch type!" +
2563                                                                      SwitchType + " " + compare_type);
2564                                         }
2565
2566                                         if (lname != null){
2567                                                 Report.Error (152, sl.loc, Error152, "case " + lname);
2568                                                 error = true;
2569                                         }
2570                                 }
2571                         }
2572                         if (error)
2573                                 return false;
2574
2575                         return true;
2576                 }
2577
2578                 void EmitObjectInteger (ILGenerator ig, object k)
2579                 {
2580                         if (k is int)
2581                                 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, (int) k);
2582                         else if (k is Constant) {
2583                                 EmitObjectInteger (ig, ((Constant) k).GetValue ());
2584                         }
2585                         else if (k is uint)
2586                                 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, unchecked ((int) (uint) k));
2587                         else if (k is long)
2588                         {
2589                                 if ((long) k >= int.MinValue && (long) k <= int.MaxValue)
2590                                 {
2591                                         IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, (int) (long) k);
2592                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I8);
2593                                 }
2594                                 else
2595                                         LongConstant.EmitLong (ig, (long) k);
2596                         }
2597                         else if (k is ulong)
2598                         {
2599                                 if ((ulong) k < (1L<<32))
2600                                 {
2601                                         IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, (int) (long) k);
2602                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_U8);
2603                                 }
2604                                 else
2605                                 {
2606                                         LongConstant.EmitLong (ig, unchecked ((long) (ulong) k));
2607                                 }
2608                         }
2609                         else if (k is char)
2610                                 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, (int) ((char) k));
2611                         else if (k is sbyte)
2612                                 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, (int) ((sbyte) k));
2613                         else if (k is byte)
2614                                 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, (int) ((byte) k));
2615                         else if (k is short)
2616                                 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, (int) ((short) k));
2617                         else if (k is ushort)
2618                                 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, (int) ((ushort) k));
2619                         else if (k is bool)
2620                                 IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, ((bool) k) ? 1 : 0);
2621                         else
2622                                 throw new Exception ("Unhandled case");
2623                 }
2624
2625                 // structure used to hold blocks of keys while calculating table switch
2626                 class KeyBlock : IComparable
2627                 {
2628                         public KeyBlock (long _nFirst)
2629                         {
2630                                 nFirst = nLast = _nFirst;
2631                         }
2632                         public long nFirst;
2633                         public long nLast;
2634                         public ArrayList rgKeys = null;
2635                         // how many items are in the bucket
2636                         public int Size = 1;
2637                         public int Length
2638                         {
2639                                 get { return (int) (nLast - nFirst + 1); }
2640                         }
2641                         public static long TotalLength (KeyBlock kbFirst, KeyBlock kbLast)
2642                         {
2643                                 return kbLast.nLast - kbFirst.nFirst + 1;
2644                         }
2645                         public int CompareTo (object obj)
2646                         {
2647                                 KeyBlock kb = (KeyBlock) obj;
2648                                 int nLength = Length;
2649                                 int nLengthOther = kb.Length;
2650                                 if (nLengthOther == nLength)
2651                                         return (int) (kb.nFirst - nFirst);
2652                                 return nLength - nLengthOther;
2653                         }
2654                 }
2655
2656                 /// <summary>
2657                 /// This method emits code for a lookup-based switch statement (non-string)
2658                 /// Basically it groups the cases into blocks that are at least half full,
2659                 /// and then spits out individual lookup opcodes for each block.
2660                 /// It emits the longest blocks first, and short blocks are just
2661                 /// handled with direct compares.
2662                 /// </summary>
2663                 /// <param name="ec"></param>
2664                 /// <param name="val"></param>
2665                 /// <returns></returns>
2666                 void TableSwitchEmit (EmitContext ec, LocalBuilder val)
2667                 {
2668                         int cElements = Elements.Count;
2669                         object [] rgKeys = new object [cElements];
2670                         Elements.Keys.CopyTo (rgKeys, 0);
2671                         Array.Sort (rgKeys);
2672
2673                         // initialize the block list with one element per key
2674                         ArrayList rgKeyBlocks = new ArrayList ();
2675                         foreach (object key in rgKeys)
2676                                 rgKeyBlocks.Add (new KeyBlock (System.Convert.ToInt64 (key)));
2677
2678                         KeyBlock kbCurr;
2679                         // iteratively merge the blocks while they are at least half full
2680                         // there's probably a really cool way to do this with a tree...
2681                         while (rgKeyBlocks.Count > 1)
2682                         {
2683                                 ArrayList rgKeyBlocksNew = new ArrayList ();
2684                                 kbCurr = (KeyBlock) rgKeyBlocks [0];
2685                                 for (int ikb = 1; ikb < rgKeyBlocks.Count; ikb++)
2686                                 {
2687                                         KeyBlock kb = (KeyBlock) rgKeyBlocks [ikb];
2688                                         if ((kbCurr.Size + kb.Size) * 2 >=  KeyBlock.TotalLength (kbCurr, kb))
2689                                         {
2690                                                 // merge blocks
2691                                                 kbCurr.nLast = kb.nLast;
2692                                                 kbCurr.Size += kb.Size;
2693                                         }
2694                                         else
2695                                         {
2696                                                 // start a new block
2697                                                 rgKeyBlocksNew.Add (kbCurr);
2698                                                 kbCurr = kb;
2699                                         }
2700                                 }
2701                                 rgKeyBlocksNew.Add (kbCurr);
2702                                 if (rgKeyBlocks.Count == rgKeyBlocksNew.Count)
2703                                         break;
2704                                 rgKeyBlocks = rgKeyBlocksNew;
2705                         }
2706
2707                         // initialize the key lists
2708                         foreach (KeyBlock kb in rgKeyBlocks)
2709                                 kb.rgKeys = new ArrayList ();
2710
2711                         // fill the key lists
2712                         int iBlockCurr = 0;
2713                         if (rgKeyBlocks.Count > 0) {
2714                                 kbCurr = (KeyBlock) rgKeyBlocks [0];
2715                                 foreach (object key in rgKeys)
2716                                 {
2717                                         bool fNextBlock = (key is UInt64) ? (ulong) key > (ulong) kbCurr.nLast :
2718                                                 System.Convert.ToInt64 (key) > kbCurr.nLast;
2719                                         if (fNextBlock)
2720                                                 kbCurr = (KeyBlock) rgKeyBlocks [++iBlockCurr];
2721                                         kbCurr.rgKeys.Add (key);
2722                                 }
2723                         }
2724
2725                         // sort the blocks so we can tackle the largest ones first
2726                         rgKeyBlocks.Sort ();
2727
2728                         // okay now we can start...
2729                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2730                         Label lblEnd = ig.DefineLabel ();       // at the end ;-)
2731                         Label lblDefault = ig.DefineLabel ();
2732
2733                         Type typeKeys = null;
2734                         if (rgKeys.Length > 0)
2735                                 typeKeys = rgKeys [0].GetType ();       // used for conversions
2736
2737                         Type compare_type;
2738
2739                         if (TypeManager.IsEnumType (SwitchType))
2740                                 compare_type = TypeManager.EnumToUnderlying (SwitchType);
2741                         else
2742                                 compare_type = SwitchType;
2743
2744                         for (int iBlock = rgKeyBlocks.Count - 1; iBlock >= 0; --iBlock)
2745                         {
2746                                 KeyBlock kb = ((KeyBlock) rgKeyBlocks [iBlock]);
2747                                 lblDefault = (iBlock == 0) ? DefaultTarget : ig.DefineLabel ();
2748                                 if (kb.Length <= 2)
2749                                 {
2750                                         foreach (object key in kb.rgKeys)
2751                                         {
2752                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, val);
2753                                                 EmitObjectInteger (ig, key);
2754                                                 SwitchLabel sl = (SwitchLabel) Elements [key];
2755                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Beq, sl.GetILLabel (ec));
2756                                         }
2757                                 }
2758                                 else
2759                                 {
2760                                         // TODO: if all the keys in the block are the same and there are
2761                                         //       no gaps/defaults then just use a range-check.
2762                                         if (compare_type == TypeManager.int64_type ||
2763                                                 compare_type == TypeManager.uint64_type)
2764                                         {
2765                                                 // TODO: optimize constant/I4 cases
2766
2767                                                 // check block range (could be > 2^31)
2768                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, val);
2769                                                 EmitObjectInteger (ig, System.Convert.ChangeType (kb.nFirst, typeKeys));
2770                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Blt, lblDefault);
2771                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, val);
2772                                                 EmitObjectInteger (ig, System.Convert.ChangeType (kb.nLast, typeKeys));
2773                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bgt, lblDefault);
2774
2775                                                 // normalize range
2776                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, val);
2777                                                 if (kb.nFirst != 0)
2778                                                 {
2779                                                         EmitObjectInteger (ig, System.Convert.ChangeType (kb.nFirst, typeKeys));
2780                                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub);
2781                                                 }
2782                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I4);      // assumes < 2^31 labels!
2783                                         }
2784                                         else
2785                                         {
2786                                                 // normalize range
2787                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, val);
2788                                                 int nFirst = (int) kb.nFirst;
2789                                                 if (nFirst > 0)
2790                                                 {
2791                                                         IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, nFirst);
2792                                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Sub);
2793                                                 }
2794                                                 else if (nFirst < 0)
2795                                                 {
2796                                                         IntConstant.EmitInt (ig, -nFirst);
2797                                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
2798                                                 }
2799                                         }
2800
2801                                         // first, build the list of labels for the switch
2802                                         int iKey = 0;
2803                                         int cJumps = kb.Length;
2804                                         Label [] rgLabels = new Label [cJumps];
2805                                         for (int iJump = 0; iJump < cJumps; iJump++)
2806                                         {
2807                                                 object key = kb.rgKeys [iKey];
2808                                                 if (System.Convert.ToInt64 (key) == kb.nFirst + iJump)
2809                                                 {
2810                                                         SwitchLabel sl = (SwitchLabel) Elements [key];
2811                                                         rgLabels [iJump] = sl.GetILLabel (ec);
2812                                                         iKey++;
2813                                                 }
2814                                                 else
2815                                                         rgLabels [iJump] = lblDefault;
2816                                         }
2817                                         // emit the switch opcode
2818                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Switch, rgLabels);
2819                                 }
2820
2821                                 // mark the default for this block
2822                                 if (iBlock != 0)
2823                                         ig.MarkLabel (lblDefault);
2824                         }
2825
2826                         // TODO: find the default case and emit it here,
2827                         //       to prevent having to do the following jump.
2828                         //       make sure to mark other labels in the default section
2829
2830                         // the last default just goes to the end
2831                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, lblDefault);
2832
2833                         // now emit the code for the sections
2834                         bool fFoundDefault = false;
2835                         foreach (SwitchSection ss in Sections)
2836                         {
2837                                 foreach (SwitchLabel sl in ss.Labels)
2838                                 {
2839                                         ig.MarkLabel (sl.GetILLabel (ec));
2840                                         ig.MarkLabel (sl.GetILLabelCode (ec));
2841                                         if (sl.Label == null)
2842                                         {
2843                                                 ig.MarkLabel (lblDefault);
2844                                                 fFoundDefault = true;
2845                                         }
2846                                 }
2847                                 ss.Block.Emit (ec);
2848                                 //ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, lblEnd);
2849                         }
2850
2851                         if (!fFoundDefault) {
2852                                 ig.MarkLabel (lblDefault);
2853                         }
2854                         ig.MarkLabel (lblEnd);
2855                 }
2856                 //
2857                 // This simple emit switch works, but does not take advantage of the
2858                 // `switch' opcode.
2859                 // TODO: remove non-string logic from here
2860                 // TODO: binary search strings?
2861                 //
2862                 void SimpleSwitchEmit (EmitContext ec, LocalBuilder val)
2863                 {
2864                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
2865                         Label end_of_switch = ig.DefineLabel ();
2866                         Label next_test = ig.DefineLabel ();
2867                         Label null_target = ig.DefineLabel ();
2868                         bool default_found = false;
2869                         bool first_test = true;
2870                         bool pending_goto_end = false;
2871                         bool null_found;
2872                         bool default_at_end = false;
2873
2874                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, val);
2875
2876                         if (Elements.Contains (NullLiteral.Null)){
2877                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, null_target);
2878                         } else
2879                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, default_target);
2880
2881                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, val);
2882                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, TypeManager.string_isinterneted_string);
2883                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, val);
2884
2885                         int section_count = Sections.Count;
2886                         for (int section = 0; section < section_count; section++){
2887                                 SwitchSection ss = (SwitchSection) Sections [section];
2888                                 Label sec_begin = ig.DefineLabel ();
2889
2890                                 if (pending_goto_end)
2891                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, end_of_switch);
2892
2893                                 int label_count = ss.Labels.Count;
2894                                 bool mark_default = false;
2895                                 null_found = false;
2896                                 for (int label = 0; label < label_count; label++){
2897                                         SwitchLabel sl = (SwitchLabel) ss.Labels [label];
2898                                         ig.MarkLabel (sl.GetILLabel (ec));
2899
2900                                         if (!first_test){
2901                                                 ig.MarkLabel (next_test);
2902                                                 next_test = ig.DefineLabel ();
2903                                         }
2904                                         //
2905                                         // If we are the default target
2906                                         //
2907                                         if (sl.Label == null){
2908                                                 if (label+1 == label_count)
2909                                                         default_at_end = true;
2910                                                 mark_default = true;
2911                                                 default_found = true;
2912                                         } else {
2913                                                 object lit = sl.Converted;
2914
2915                                                 if (lit is NullLiteral){
2916                                                         null_found = true;
2917                                                         if (label_count == 1)
2918                                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, next_test);
2919                                                         continue;
2920
2921                                                 }
2922                                                 StringConstant str = (StringConstant) lit;
2923
2924                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, val);
2925                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldstr, str.Value);
2926                                                 if (label_count == 1)
2927                                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bne_Un, next_test);
2928                                                 else {
2929                                                         if (label+1 == label_count)
2930                                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Bne_Un, next_test);
2931                                                         else
2932                                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Beq, sec_begin);
2933                                                 }
2934                                         }
2935                                 }
2936                                 if (null_found)
2937                                         ig.MarkLabel (null_target);
2938                                 ig.MarkLabel (sec_begin);
2939                                 foreach (SwitchLabel sl in ss.Labels)
2940                                         ig.MarkLabel (sl.GetILLabelCode (ec));
2941
2942                                 if (mark_default)
2943                                         ig.MarkLabel (default_target);
2944                                 ss.Block.Emit (ec);
2945                                 pending_goto_end = !ss.Block.HasRet;
2946                                 first_test = false;
2947                         }
2948                         ig.MarkLabel (next_test);
2949                         if (default_found){
2950                                 if (!default_at_end)
2951                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, default_target);
2952                         } else
2953                                 ig.MarkLabel (default_target);
2954                         ig.MarkLabel (end_of_switch);
2955                 }
2956
2957                 SwitchSection FindSection (SwitchLabel label)
2958                 {
2959                         foreach (SwitchSection ss in Sections){
2960                                 foreach (SwitchLabel sl in ss.Labels){
2961                                         if (label == sl)
2962                                                 return ss;
2963                                 }
2964                         }
2965
2966                         return null;
2967                 }
2968
2969                 bool ResolveConstantSwitch (EmitContext ec)
2970                 {
2971                         object key = ((Constant) new_expr).GetValue ();
2972                         SwitchLabel label = (SwitchLabel) Elements [key];
2973
2974                         if (label == null)
2975                                 return true;
2976
2977                         constant_section = FindSection (label);
2978                         if (constant_section == null)
2979                                 return true;
2980
2981                         if (constant_section.Block.Resolve (ec) != true)
2982                                 return false;
2983
2984                         return true;
2985                 }
2986
2987                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
2988                 {
2989                         Expr = Expr.Resolve (ec);
2990                         if (Expr == null)
2991                                 return false;
2992
2993                         new_expr = SwitchGoverningType (ec, Expr.Type);
2994                         if (new_expr == null){
2995                                 Report.Error (151, loc, "An integer type or string was expected for switch");
2996                                 return false;
2997                         }
2998
2999                         // Validate switch.
3000                         SwitchType = new_expr.Type;
3001
3002                         if (!CheckSwitch (ec))
3003                                 return false;
3004
3005                         Switch old_switch = ec.Switch;
3006                         ec.Switch = this;
3007                         ec.Switch.SwitchType = SwitchType;
3008
3009                         Report.Debug (1, "START OF SWITCH BLOCK", loc, ec.CurrentBranching);
3010                         ec.StartFlowBranching (FlowBranching.BranchingType.Switch, loc);
3011
3012                         is_constant = new_expr is Constant;
3013                         if (is_constant) {
3014                                 object key = ((Constant) new_expr).GetValue ();
3015                                 SwitchLabel label = (SwitchLabel) Elements [key];
3016
3017                                 constant_section = FindSection (label);
3018                         }
3019
3020                         bool first = true;
3021                         foreach (SwitchSection ss in Sections){
3022                                 if (!first)
3023                                         ec.CurrentBranching.CreateSibling (
3024                                                 null, FlowBranching.SiblingType.SwitchSection);
3025                                 else
3026                                         first = false;
3027
3028                                 if (is_constant && (ss != constant_section)) {
3029                                         // If we're a constant switch, we're only emitting
3030                                         // one single section - mark all the others as
3031                                         // unreachable.
3032                                         ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector.Goto ();
3033                                         if (!ss.Block.ResolveUnreachable (ec, true))
3034                                                 return false;
3035                                 } else {
3036                                         if (!ss.Block.Resolve (ec))
3037                                         return false;
3038                         }
3039                         }
3040
3041                         if (!got_default)
3042                                 ec.CurrentBranching.CreateSibling (
3043                                         null, FlowBranching.SiblingType.SwitchSection);
3044
3045                         FlowBranching.Reachability reachability = ec.EndFlowBranching ();
3046                         ec.Switch = old_switch;
3047
3048                         Report.Debug (1, "END OF SWITCH BLOCK", loc, ec.CurrentBranching,
3049                                       reachability);
3050
3051                         return true;
3052                 }
3053
3054                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
3055                 {
3056                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3057
3058                         // Store variable for comparission purposes
3059                         LocalBuilder value;
3060                         if (!is_constant) {
3061                                 value = ig.DeclareLocal (SwitchType);
3062                         new_expr.Emit (ec);
3063                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, value);
3064                         } else
3065                                 value = null;
3066
3067                         default_target = ig.DefineLabel ();
3068
3069                         //
3070                         // Setup the codegen context
3071                         //
3072                         Label old_end = ec.LoopEnd;
3073                         Switch old_switch = ec.Switch;
3074
3075                         ec.LoopEnd = ig.DefineLabel ();
3076                         ec.Switch = this;
3077
3078                         // Emit Code.
3079                         if (is_constant) {
3080                                 if (constant_section != null)
3081                                         constant_section.Block.Emit (ec);
3082                         } else if (SwitchType == TypeManager.string_type)
3083                                 SimpleSwitchEmit (ec, value);
3084                         else
3085                                 TableSwitchEmit (ec, value);
3086
3087                         // Restore context state.
3088                         ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopEnd);
3089
3090                         //
3091                         // Restore the previous context
3092                         //
3093                         ec.LoopEnd = old_end;
3094                         ec.Switch = old_switch;
3095                 }
3096         }
3097
3098         public abstract class ExceptionStatement : Statement
3099         {
3100                 public abstract void EmitFinally (EmitContext ec);
3101
3102                 protected bool emit_finally = true;
3103                 ArrayList parent_vectors;
3104
3105                 protected void DoEmitFinally (EmitContext ec)
3106                 {
3107                         if (emit_finally)
3108                                 ec.ig.BeginFinallyBlock ();
3109                         else
3110                                 ec.CurrentIterator.MarkFinally (ec, parent_vectors);
3111                         EmitFinally (ec);
3112                 }
3113
3114                 protected void ResolveFinally (FlowBranchingException branching)
3115                 {
3116                         emit_finally = branching.EmitFinally;
3117                         if (!emit_finally)
3118                                 branching.Parent.StealFinallyClauses (ref parent_vectors);
3119                 }
3120         }
3121
3122         public class Lock : ExceptionStatement {
3123                 Expression expr;
3124                 Statement Statement;
3125                 LocalBuilder temp;
3126
3127                 public Lock (Expression expr, Statement stmt, Location l)
3128                 {
3129                         this.expr = expr;
3130                         Statement = stmt;
3131                         loc = l;
3132                 }
3133
3134                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
3135                 {
3136                         expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
3137                         if (expr == null)
3138                                 return false;
3139
3140                         if (expr.Type.IsValueType){
3141                                 Error (185, "lock statement requires the expression to be " +
3142                                        " a reference type (type is: `{0}'",
3143                                        TypeManager.CSharpName (expr.Type));
3144                                 return false;
3145                         }
3146
3147                         FlowBranchingException branching = ec.StartFlowBranching (this);
3148                         bool ok = Statement.Resolve (ec);
3149                         if (!ok) {
3150                                 ec.KillFlowBranching ();
3151                                 return false;
3152                         }
3153
3154                         ResolveFinally (branching);
3155
3156                         FlowBranching.Reachability reachability = ec.EndFlowBranching ();
3157                         if (reachability.Returns != FlowBranching.FlowReturns.Always) {
3158                                 // Unfortunately, System.Reflection.Emit automatically emits
3159                                 // a leave to the end of the finally block.
3160                                 // This is a problem if `returns' is true since we may jump
3161                                 // to a point after the end of the method.
3162                                 // As a workaround, emit an explicit ret here.
3163                                 ec.NeedReturnLabel ();
3164                         }
3165
3166                         return true;
3167                 }
3168
3169                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
3170                 {
3171                         Type type = expr.Type;
3172
3173                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3174                         temp = ig.DeclareLocal (type);
3175
3176                         expr.Emit (ec);
3177                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
3178                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, temp);
3179                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, TypeManager.void_monitor_enter_object);
3180
3181                         // try
3182                         if (emit_finally)
3183                                 ig.BeginExceptionBlock ();
3184                         Statement.Emit (ec);
3185
3186                         // finally
3187                         DoEmitFinally (ec);
3188                         if (emit_finally)
3189                                 ig.EndExceptionBlock ();
3190                 }
3191
3192                 public override void EmitFinally (EmitContext ec)
3193                 {
3194                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3195                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, temp);
3196                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, TypeManager.void_monitor_exit_object);
3197                 }
3198         }
3199
3200         public class Unchecked : Statement {
3201                 public readonly Block Block;
3202
3203                 public Unchecked (Block b)
3204                 {
3205                         Block = b;
3206                         b.Unchecked = true;
3207                 }
3208
3209                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
3210                 {
3211                         bool previous_state = ec.CheckState;
3212                         bool previous_state_const = ec.ConstantCheckState;
3213
3214                         ec.CheckState = false;
3215                         ec.ConstantCheckState = false;
3216                         bool ret = Block.Resolve (ec);
3217                         ec.CheckState = previous_state;
3218                         ec.ConstantCheckState = previous_state_const;
3219
3220                         return ret;
3221                 }
3222
3223                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
3224                 {
3225                         bool previous_state = ec.CheckState;
3226                         bool previous_state_const = ec.ConstantCheckState;
3227
3228                         ec.CheckState = false;
3229                         ec.ConstantCheckState = false;
3230                         Block.Emit (ec);
3231                         ec.CheckState = previous_state;
3232                         ec.ConstantCheckState = previous_state_const;
3233                 }
3234         }
3235
3236         public class Checked : Statement {
3237                 public readonly Block Block;
3238
3239                 public Checked (Block b)
3240                 {
3241                         Block = b;
3242                         b.Unchecked = false;
3243                 }
3244
3245                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
3246                 {
3247                         bool previous_state = ec.CheckState;
3248                         bool previous_state_const = ec.ConstantCheckState;
3249
3250                         ec.CheckState = true;
3251                         ec.ConstantCheckState = true;
3252                         bool ret = Block.Resolve (ec);
3253                         ec.CheckState = previous_state;
3254                         ec.ConstantCheckState = previous_state_const;
3255
3256                         return ret;
3257                 }
3258
3259                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
3260                 {
3261                         bool previous_state = ec.CheckState;
3262                         bool previous_state_const = ec.ConstantCheckState;
3263
3264                         ec.CheckState = true;
3265                         ec.ConstantCheckState = true;
3266                         Block.Emit (ec);
3267                         ec.CheckState = previous_state;
3268                         ec.ConstantCheckState = previous_state_const;
3269                 }
3270         }
3271
3272         public class Unsafe : Statement {
3273                 public readonly Block Block;
3274
3275                 public Unsafe (Block b)
3276                 {
3277                         Block = b;
3278                         Block.Unsafe = true;
3279                 }
3280
3281                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
3282                 {
3283                         bool previous_state = ec.InUnsafe;
3284                         bool val;
3285
3286                         ec.InUnsafe = true;
3287                         val = Block.Resolve (ec);
3288                         ec.InUnsafe = previous_state;
3289
3290                         return val;
3291                 }
3292
3293                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
3294                 {
3295                         bool previous_state = ec.InUnsafe;
3296
3297                         ec.InUnsafe = true;
3298                         Block.Emit (ec);
3299                         ec.InUnsafe = previous_state;
3300                 }
3301         }
3302
3303         //
3304         // Fixed statement
3305         //
3306         public class Fixed : Statement {
3307                 Expression type;
3308                 ArrayList declarators;
3309                 Statement statement;
3310                 Type expr_type;
3311                 FixedData[] data;
3312                 bool has_ret;
3313
3314                 struct FixedData {
3315                         public bool is_object;
3316                         public LocalInfo vi;
3317                         public Expression expr;
3318                         public Expression converted;
3319                 }
3320
3321                 public Fixed (Expression type, ArrayList decls, Statement stmt, Location l)
3322                 {
3323                         this.type = type;
3324                         declarators = decls;
3325                         statement = stmt;
3326                         loc = l;
3327                 }
3328
3329                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
3330                 {
3331                         if (!ec.InUnsafe){
3332                                 Expression.UnsafeError (loc);
3333                                 return false;
3334                         }
3335
3336                         TypeExpr texpr = type.ResolveAsTypeTerminal (ec);
3337                         if (texpr == null)
3338                                 return false;
3339
3340                         expr_type = texpr.Type;
3341
3342                         CheckObsolete (expr_type);
3343
3344                         if (ec.RemapToProxy){
3345                                 Report.Error (-210, loc, "Fixed statement not allowed in iterators");
3346                                 return false;
3347                         }
3348
3349                         data = new FixedData [declarators.Count];
3350
3351                         if (!expr_type.IsPointer){
3352                                 Report.Error (209, loc, "Variables in a fixed statement must be pointers");
3353                                 return false;
3354                         }
3355
3356                         int i = 0;
3357                         foreach (Pair p in declarators){
3358                                 LocalInfo vi = (LocalInfo) p.First;
3359                                 Expression e = (Expression) p.Second;
3360
3361                                 vi.VariableInfo.SetAssigned (ec);
3362                                 vi.ReadOnly = true;
3363
3364                                 //
3365                                 // The rules for the possible declarators are pretty wise,
3366                                 // but the production on the grammar is more concise.
3367                                 //
3368                                 // So we have to enforce these rules here.
3369                                 //
3370                                 // We do not resolve before doing the case 1 test,
3371                                 // because the grammar is explicit in that the token &
3372                                 // is present, so we need to test for this particular case.
3373                                 //
3374
3375                                 if (e is Cast){
3376                                         Report.Error (254, loc, "Cast expression not allowed as right hand expression in fixed statement");
3377                                         return false;
3378                                 }
3379
3380                                 //
3381                                 // Case 1: & object.
3382                                 //
3383                                 if (e is Unary && ((Unary) e).Oper == Unary.Operator.AddressOf){
3384                                         Expression child = ((Unary) e).Expr;
3385
3386                                         if (child is ParameterReference || child is LocalVariableReference){
3387                                                 Report.Error (
3388                                                         213, loc,
3389                                                         "No need to use fixed statement for parameters or " +
3390                                                         "local variable declarations (address is already " +
3391                                                         "fixed)");
3392                                                 return false;
3393                                         }
3394
3395                                         ec.InFixedInitializer = true;
3396                                         e = e.Resolve (ec);
3397                                         ec.InFixedInitializer = false;
3398                                         if (e == null)
3399                                                 return false;
3400
3401                                         child = ((Unary) e).Expr;
3402
3403                                         if (!TypeManager.VerifyUnManaged (child.Type, loc))
3404                                                 return false;
3405
3406                                         data [i].is_object = true;
3407                                         data [i].expr = e;
3408                                         data [i].converted = null;
3409                                         data [i].vi = vi;
3410                                         i++;
3411
3412                                         continue;
3413                                 }
3414
3415                                 ec.InFixedInitializer = true;
3416                                 e = e.Resolve (ec);
3417                                 ec.InFixedInitializer = false;
3418                                 if (e == null)
3419                                         return false;
3420
3421                                 //
3422                                 // Case 2: Array
3423                                 //
3424                                 if (e.Type.IsArray){
3425                                         Type array_type = TypeManager.GetElementType (e.Type);
3426
3427                                         //
3428                                         // Provided that array_type is unmanaged,
3429                                         //
3430                                         if (!TypeManager.VerifyUnManaged (array_type, loc))
3431                                                 return false;
3432
3433                                         //
3434                                         // and T* is implicitly convertible to the
3435                                         // pointer type given in the fixed statement.
3436                                         //
3437                                         ArrayPtr array_ptr = new ArrayPtr (e, loc);
3438
3439                                         Expression converted = Convert.ImplicitConversionRequired (
3440                                                 ec, array_ptr, vi.VariableType, loc);
3441                                         if (converted == null)
3442                                                 return false;
3443
3444                                         data [i].is_object = false;
3445                                         data [i].expr = e;
3446                                         data [i].converted = converted;
3447                                         data [i].vi = vi;
3448                                         i++;
3449
3450                                         continue;
3451                                 }
3452
3453                                 //
3454                                 // Case 3: string
3455                                 //
3456                                 if (e.Type == TypeManager.string_type){
3457                                         data [i].is_object = false;
3458                                         data [i].expr = e;
3459                                         data [i].converted = null;
3460                                         data [i].vi = vi;
3461                                         i++;
3462                                         continue;
3463                                 }
3464
3465                                 //
3466                                 // For other cases, flag a `this is already fixed expression'
3467                                 //
3468                                 if (e is LocalVariableReference || e is ParameterReference ||
3469                                     Convert.ImplicitConversionExists (ec, e, vi.VariableType)){
3470
3471                                         Report.Error (245, loc, "right hand expression is already fixed, no need to use fixed statement ");
3472                                         return false;
3473                                 }
3474
3475                                 Report.Error (245, loc, "Fixed statement only allowed on strings, arrays or address-of expressions");
3476                                 return false;
3477                         }
3478
3479                         ec.StartFlowBranching (FlowBranching.BranchingType.Conditional, loc);
3480
3481                         if (!statement.Resolve (ec)) {
3482                                 ec.KillFlowBranching ();
3483                                 return false;
3484                         }
3485
3486                         FlowBranching.Reachability reachability = ec.EndFlowBranching ();
3487                         has_ret = reachability.IsUnreachable;
3488
3489                         return true;
3490                 }
3491
3492                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
3493                 {
3494                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3495
3496                         LocalBuilder [] clear_list = new LocalBuilder [data.Length];
3497
3498                         for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++) {
3499                                 LocalInfo vi = data [i].vi;
3500
3501                                 //
3502                                 // Case 1: & object.
3503                                 //
3504                                 if (data [i].is_object) {
3505                                         //
3506                                         // Store pointer in pinned location
3507                                         //
3508                                         data [i].expr.Emit (ec);
3509                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, vi.LocalBuilder);
3510                                         clear_list [i] = vi.LocalBuilder;
3511                                         continue;
3512                                 }
3513
3514                                 //
3515                                 // Case 2: Array
3516                                 //
3517                                 if (data [i].expr.Type.IsArray){
3518                                         //
3519                                         // Store pointer in pinned location
3520                                         //
3521                                         data [i].converted.Emit (ec);
3522
3523                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, vi.LocalBuilder);
3524                                         clear_list [i] = vi.LocalBuilder;
3525                                         continue;
3526                                 }
3527
3528                                 //
3529                                 // Case 3: string
3530                                 //
3531                                 if (data [i].expr.Type == TypeManager.string_type){
3532                                         LocalBuilder pinned_string = TypeManager.DeclareLocalPinned (ig, TypeManager.string_type);
3533                                         clear_list [i] = pinned_string;
3534
3535                                         data [i].expr.Emit (ec);
3536                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, pinned_string);
3537
3538                                         Expression sptr = new StringPtr (pinned_string, loc);
3539                                         Expression converted = Convert.ImplicitConversionRequired (
3540                                                 ec, sptr, vi.VariableType, loc);
3541
3542                                         if (converted == null)
3543                                                 continue;
3544
3545                                         converted.Emit (ec);
3546                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, vi.LocalBuilder);
3547                                 }
3548                         }
3549
3550                         statement.Emit (ec);
3551
3552                         if (has_ret)
3553                                 return;
3554
3555                         //
3556                         // Clear the pinned variable
3557                         //
3558                         for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++) {
3559                                 if (data [i].is_object || data [i].expr.Type.IsArray) {
3560                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
3561                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_U);
3562                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, clear_list [i]);
3563                                 } else if (data [i].expr.Type == TypeManager.string_type){
3564                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldnull);
3565                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, clear_list [i]);
3566                                 }
3567                         }
3568                 }
3569         }
3570
3571         public class Catch: Statement {
3572                 public readonly string Name;
3573                 public readonly Block  Block;
3574
3575                 Expression type_expr;
3576                 Type type;
3577
3578                 public Catch (Expression type, string name, Block block, Location l)
3579                 {
3580                         type_expr = type;
3581                         Name = name;
3582                         Block = block;
3583                         loc = l;
3584                 }
3585
3586                 public Type CatchType {
3587                         get {
3588                                 return type;
3589                         }
3590                 }
3591
3592                 public bool IsGeneral {
3593                         get {
3594                                 return type_expr == null;
3595                         }
3596                 }
3597
3598                 protected override void DoEmit(EmitContext ec)
3599                 {
3600                 }
3601
3602                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
3603                 {
3604                         if (type_expr != null) {
3605                                 TypeExpr te = type_expr.ResolveAsTypeTerminal (ec);
3606                                 if (te == null)
3607                                         return false;
3608
3609                                 type = te.Type;
3610
3611                                 CheckObsolete (type);
3612
3613                                 if (type != TypeManager.exception_type && !type.IsSubclassOf (TypeManager.exception_type)){
3614                                         Error (155, "The type caught or thrown must be derived from System.Exception");
3615                                         return false;
3616                                 }
3617                         } else
3618                                 type = null;
3619
3620                         return Block.Resolve (ec);
3621                 }
3622         }
3623
3624         public class Try : ExceptionStatement {
3625                 public readonly Block Fini, Block;
3626                 public readonly ArrayList Specific;
3627                 public readonly Catch General;
3628
3629                 bool need_exc_block;
3630
3631                 //
3632                 // specific, general and fini might all be null.
3633                 //
3634                 public Try (Block block, ArrayList specific, Catch general, Block fini, Location l)
3635                 {
3636                         if (specific == null && general == null){
3637                                 Console.WriteLine ("CIR.Try: Either specific or general have to be non-null");
3638                         }
3639
3640                         this.Block = block;
3641                         this.Specific = specific;
3642                         this.General = general;
3643                         this.Fini = fini;
3644                         loc = l;
3645                 }
3646
3647                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
3648                 {
3649                         bool ok = true;
3650
3651                         FlowBranchingException branching = ec.StartFlowBranching (this);
3652
3653                         Report.Debug (1, "START OF TRY BLOCK", Block.StartLocation);
3654
3655                         if (!Block.Resolve (ec))
3656                                 ok = false;
3657
3658                         FlowBranching.UsageVector vector = ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector;
3659
3660                         Report.Debug (1, "START OF CATCH BLOCKS", vector);
3661
3662                         Type[] prevCatches = new Type [Specific.Count];
3663                         int last_index = 0;
3664                         foreach (Catch c in Specific){
3665                                 ec.CurrentBranching.CreateSibling (
3666                                         c.Block, FlowBranching.SiblingType.Catch);
3667
3668                                 Report.Debug (1, "STARTED SIBLING FOR CATCH", ec.CurrentBranching);
3669
3670                                 if (c.Name != null) {
3671                                         LocalInfo vi = c.Block.GetLocalInfo (c.Name);
3672                                         if (vi == null)
3673                                                 throw new Exception ();
3674
3675                                         vi.VariableInfo = null;
3676                                 }
3677
3678                                 if (!c.Resolve (ec))
3679                                         return false;
3680
3681                                 Type resolvedType = c.CatchType;
3682                                 for (int ii = 0; ii < last_index; ++ii) {
3683                                         if (resolvedType == prevCatches [ii] || resolvedType.IsSubclassOf (prevCatches [ii])) {
3684                                                 Report.Error (160, c.loc, "A previous catch clause already catches all exceptions of this or a super type '{0}'", prevCatches [ii].FullName);
3685                                                 return false;
3686                                         }
3687                                 }
3688
3689                                 prevCatches [last_index++] = resolvedType;
3690                                 need_exc_block = true;
3691                         }
3692
3693                         Report.Debug (1, "END OF CATCH BLOCKS", ec.CurrentBranching);
3694
3695                         if (General != null){
3696                                 ec.CurrentBranching.CreateSibling (
3697                                         General.Block, FlowBranching.SiblingType.Catch);
3698
3699                                 Report.Debug (1, "STARTED SIBLING FOR GENERAL", ec.CurrentBranching);
3700
3701                                 if (!General.Resolve (ec))
3702                                         ok = false;
3703
3704                                 need_exc_block = true;
3705                         }
3706
3707                         Report.Debug (1, "END OF GENERAL CATCH BLOCKS", ec.CurrentBranching);
3708
3709                         if (Fini != null) {
3710                                 if (ok)
3711                                         ec.CurrentBranching.CreateSibling (
3712                                                 Fini, FlowBranching.SiblingType.Finally);
3713
3714                                 Report.Debug (1, "STARTED SIBLING FOR FINALLY", ec.CurrentBranching, vector);
3715
3716                                 if (!Fini.Resolve (ec))
3717                                         ok = false;
3718                         }
3719
3720                         ResolveFinally (branching);
3721                         need_exc_block |= emit_finally;
3722
3723                         FlowBranching.Reachability reachability = ec.EndFlowBranching ();
3724
3725                         FlowBranching.UsageVector f_vector = ec.CurrentBranching.CurrentUsageVector;
3726
3727                         Report.Debug (1, "END OF TRY", ec.CurrentBranching, reachability, vector, f_vector);
3728
3729                         if (reachability.Returns != FlowBranching.FlowReturns.Always) {
3730                                 // Unfortunately, System.Reflection.Emit automatically emits
3731                                 // a leave to the end of the finally block.  This is a problem
3732                                 // if `returns' is true since we may jump to a point after the
3733                                 // end of the method.
3734                                 // As a workaround, emit an explicit ret here.
3735                                 ec.NeedReturnLabel ();
3736                         }
3737
3738                         return ok;
3739                 }
3740
3741                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
3742                 {
3743                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3744
3745                         if (need_exc_block)
3746                                 ig.BeginExceptionBlock ();
3747                         Block.Emit (ec);
3748
3749                         foreach (Catch c in Specific){
3750                                 LocalInfo vi;
3751
3752                                 ig.BeginCatchBlock (c.CatchType);
3753
3754                                 if (c.Name != null){
3755                                         vi = c.Block.GetLocalInfo (c.Name);
3756                                         if (vi == null)
3757                                                 throw new Exception ("Variable does not exist in this block");
3758
3759                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, vi.LocalBuilder);
3760                                 } else
3761                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
3762
3763                                 c.Block.Emit (ec);
3764                         }
3765
3766                         if (General != null){
3767                                 ig.BeginCatchBlock (TypeManager.object_type);
3768                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
3769                                 General.Block.Emit (ec);
3770                         }
3771
3772                         DoEmitFinally (ec);
3773                         if (need_exc_block)
3774                                 ig.EndExceptionBlock ();
3775                 }
3776
3777                 public override void EmitFinally (EmitContext ec)
3778                 {
3779                         if (Fini != null){
3780                                 Fini.Emit (ec);
3781                         }
3782                 }
3783         }
3784
3785         public class Using : ExceptionStatement {
3786                 object expression_or_block;
3787                 Statement Statement;
3788                 ArrayList var_list;
3789                 Expression expr;
3790                 Type expr_type;
3791                 Expression conv;
3792                 Expression [] resolved_vars;
3793                 Expression [] converted_vars;
3794                 ExpressionStatement [] assign;
3795                 LocalBuilder local_copy;
3796
3797                 public Using (object expression_or_block, Statement stmt, Location l)
3798                 {
3799                         this.expression_or_block = expression_or_block;
3800                         Statement = stmt;
3801                         loc = l;
3802                 }
3803
3804                 //
3805                 // Resolves for the case of using using a local variable declaration.
3806                 //
3807                 bool ResolveLocalVariableDecls (EmitContext ec)
3808                 {
3809                         int i = 0;
3810
3811                         TypeExpr texpr = expr.ResolveAsTypeTerminal (ec);
3812                         if (texpr == null)
3813                                 return false;
3814
3815                         expr_type = texpr.Type;
3816
3817                         //
3818                         // The type must be an IDisposable or an implicit conversion
3819                         // must exist.
3820                         //
3821                         converted_vars = new Expression [var_list.Count];
3822                         resolved_vars = new Expression [var_list.Count];
3823                         assign = new ExpressionStatement [var_list.Count];
3824
3825                         bool need_conv = !TypeManager.ImplementsInterface (
3826                                 expr_type, TypeManager.idisposable_type);
3827
3828                         foreach (DictionaryEntry e in var_list){
3829                                 Expression var = (Expression) e.Key;
3830
3831                                 var = var.ResolveLValue (ec, new EmptyExpression ());
3832                                 if (var == null)
3833                                         return false;
3834
3835                                 resolved_vars [i] = var;
3836
3837                                 if (!need_conv) {
3838                                         i++;
3839                                         continue;
3840                                 }
3841
3842                                 converted_vars [i] = Convert.ImplicitConversionRequired (
3843                                         ec, var, TypeManager.idisposable_type, loc);
3844
3845                                 if (converted_vars [i] == null)
3846                                         return false;
3847
3848                                 i++;
3849                         }
3850
3851                         i = 0;
3852                         foreach (DictionaryEntry e in var_list){
3853                                 Expression var = resolved_vars [i];
3854                                 Expression new_expr = (Expression) e.Value;
3855                                 Expression a;
3856
3857                                 a = new Assign (var, new_expr, loc);
3858                                 a = a.Resolve (ec);
3859                                 if (a == null)
3860                                         return false;
3861
3862                                 if (!need_conv)
3863                                         converted_vars [i] = var;
3864                                 assign [i] = (ExpressionStatement) a;
3865                                 i++;
3866                         }
3867
3868                         return true;
3869                 }
3870
3871                 bool ResolveExpression (EmitContext ec)
3872                 {
3873                         if (!TypeManager.ImplementsInterface (expr_type, TypeManager.idisposable_type)){
3874                                 conv = Convert.ImplicitConversionRequired (
3875                                         ec, expr, TypeManager.idisposable_type, loc);
3876
3877                                 if (conv == null)
3878                                         return false;
3879                         }
3880
3881                         return true;
3882                 }
3883
3884                 //
3885                 // Emits the code for the case of using using a local variable declaration.
3886                 //
3887                 void EmitLocalVariableDecls (EmitContext ec)
3888                 {
3889                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3890                         int i = 0;
3891
3892                         for (i = 0; i < assign.Length; i++) {
3893                                 assign [i].EmitStatement (ec);
3894
3895                                 if (emit_finally)
3896                                         ig.BeginExceptionBlock ();
3897                         }
3898                         Statement.Emit (ec);
3899
3900                         var_list.Reverse ();
3901
3902                         DoEmitFinally (ec);
3903                 }
3904
3905                 void EmitLocalVariableDeclFinally (EmitContext ec)
3906                 {
3907                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3908
3909                         int i = assign.Length;
3910                         for (int ii = 0; ii < var_list.Count; ++ii){
3911                                 Expression var = resolved_vars [--i];
3912                                 Label skip = ig.DefineLabel ();
3913
3914                                 ig.BeginFinallyBlock ();
3915
3916                                 if (!var.Type.IsValueType) {
3917                                         var.Emit (ec);
3918                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, skip);
3919                                         converted_vars [i].Emit (ec);
3920                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, TypeManager.void_dispose_void);
3921                                 } else {
3922                                         Expression ml = Expression.MemberLookup(ec, TypeManager.idisposable_type, var.Type, "Dispose", Mono.CSharp.Location.Null);
3923
3924                                         if (!(ml is MethodGroupExpr)) {
3925                                                 var.Emit (ec);
3926                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Box, var.Type);
3927                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, TypeManager.void_dispose_void);
3928                                         } else {
3929                                                 MethodInfo mi = null;
3930
3931                                                 foreach (MethodInfo mk in ((MethodGroupExpr) ml).Methods) {
3932                                                         if (TypeManager.GetArgumentTypes (mk).Length == 0) {
3933                                                                 mi = mk;
3934                                                                 break;
3935                                                         }
3936                                                 }
3937
3938                                                 if (mi == null) {
3939                                                         Report.Error(-100, Mono.CSharp.Location.Null, "Internal error: No Dispose method which takes 0 parameters.");
3940                                                         return;
3941                                                 }
3942
3943                                                 IMemoryLocation mloc = (IMemoryLocation) var;
3944
3945                                                 mloc.AddressOf (ec, AddressOp.Load);
3946                                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, mi);
3947                                         }
3948                                 }
3949
3950                                 ig.MarkLabel (skip);
3951
3952                                 if (emit_finally) {
3953                                         ig.EndExceptionBlock ();
3954                                         if (i > 0)
3955                                                 ig.BeginFinallyBlock ();
3956                                 }
3957                         }
3958                 }
3959
3960                 void EmitExpression (EmitContext ec)
3961                 {
3962                         //
3963                         // Make a copy of the expression and operate on that.
3964                         //
3965                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3966                         local_copy = ig.DeclareLocal (expr_type);
3967                         if (conv != null)
3968                                 conv.Emit (ec);
3969                         else
3970                                 expr.Emit (ec);
3971                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, local_copy);
3972
3973                         if (emit_finally)
3974                                 ig.BeginExceptionBlock ();
3975
3976                         Statement.Emit (ec);
3977
3978                         DoEmitFinally (ec);
3979                         if (emit_finally)
3980                                 ig.EndExceptionBlock ();
3981                 }
3982
3983                 void EmitExpressionFinally (EmitContext ec)
3984                 {
3985                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
3986                         if (!local_copy.LocalType.IsValueType) {
3987                                 Label skip = ig.DefineLabel ();
3988                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, local_copy);
3989                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, skip);
3990                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, local_copy);
3991                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, TypeManager.void_dispose_void);
3992                                 ig.MarkLabel (skip);
3993                         } else {
3994                                 Expression ml = Expression.MemberLookup(ec, TypeManager.idisposable_type, local_copy.LocalType, "Dispose", Mono.CSharp.Location.Null);
3995
3996                                 if (!(ml is MethodGroupExpr)) {
3997                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloc, local_copy);
3998                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Box, local_copy.LocalType);
3999                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, TypeManager.void_dispose_void);
4000                                 } else {
4001                                         MethodInfo mi = null;
4002
4003                                         foreach (MethodInfo mk in ((MethodGroupExpr) ml).Methods) {
4004                                                 if (TypeManager.GetArgumentTypes (mk).Length == 0) {
4005                                                         mi = mk;
4006                                                         break;
4007                                                 }
4008                                         }
4009
4010                                         if (mi == null) {
4011                                                 Report.Error(-100, Mono.CSharp.Location.Null, "Internal error: No Dispose method which takes 0 parameters.");
4012                                                 return;
4013                                         }
4014
4015                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloca, local_copy);
4016                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, mi);
4017                                 }
4018                         }
4019                 }
4020
4021                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
4022                 {
4023                         if (expression_or_block is DictionaryEntry){
4024                                 expr = (Expression) ((DictionaryEntry) expression_or_block).Key;
4025                                 var_list = (ArrayList)((DictionaryEntry)expression_or_block).Value;
4026
4027                                 if (!ResolveLocalVariableDecls (ec))
4028                                         return false;
4029
4030                         } else if (expression_or_block is Expression){
4031                                 expr = (Expression) expression_or_block;
4032
4033                                 expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
4034                                 if (expr == null)
4035                                         return false;
4036
4037                                 expr_type = expr.Type;
4038
4039                                 if (!ResolveExpression (ec))
4040                                         return false;
4041                         }
4042
4043                         FlowBranchingException branching = ec.StartFlowBranching (this);
4044
4045                         bool ok = Statement.Resolve (ec);
4046
4047                         if (!ok) {
4048                                 ec.KillFlowBranching ();
4049                                 return false;
4050                         }
4051
4052                         ResolveFinally (branching);
4053                         FlowBranching.Reachability reachability = ec.EndFlowBranching ();
4054
4055                         if (reachability.Returns != FlowBranching.FlowReturns.Always) {
4056                                 // Unfortunately, System.Reflection.Emit automatically emits a leave
4057                                 // to the end of the finally block.  This is a problem if `returns'
4058                                 // is true since we may jump to a point after the end of the method.
4059                                 // As a workaround, emit an explicit ret here.
4060                                 ec.NeedReturnLabel ();
4061                         }
4062
4063                         return true;
4064                 }
4065
4066                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
4067                 {
4068                         if (expression_or_block is DictionaryEntry)
4069                                 EmitLocalVariableDecls (ec);
4070                         else if (expression_or_block is Expression)
4071                                 EmitExpression (ec);
4072                 }
4073
4074                 public override void EmitFinally (EmitContext ec)
4075                 {
4076                         if (expression_or_block is DictionaryEntry)
4077                                 EmitLocalVariableDeclFinally (ec);
4078                         else if (expression_or_block is Expression)
4079                                 EmitExpressionFinally (ec);
4080                 }
4081         }
4082
4083         /// <summary>
4084         ///   Implementation of the foreach C# statement
4085         /// </summary>
4086         public class Foreach : ExceptionStatement {
4087                 Expression type;
4088                 Expression variable;
4089                 Expression expr;
4090                 Statement statement;
4091                 ForeachHelperMethods hm;
4092                 Expression empty, conv;
4093                 Type array_type, element_type;
4094                 Type var_type;
4095                 VariableStorage enumerator;
4096
4097                 public Foreach (Expression type, LocalVariableReference var, Expression expr,
4098                                 Statement stmt, Location l)
4099                 {
4100                         this.type = type;
4101                         this.variable = var;
4102                         this.expr = expr;
4103                         statement = stmt;
4104                         loc = l;
4105                 }
4106
4107                 public override bool Resolve (EmitContext ec)
4108                 {
4109                         expr = expr.Resolve (ec);
4110                         if (expr == null)
4111                                 return false;
4112
4113                         if (expr is NullLiteral) {
4114                                 Report.Error (186, expr.Location, "Use of null is not valid in this context");
4115                                 return false;
4116                         }
4117
4118                         TypeExpr texpr = type.ResolveAsTypeTerminal (ec);
4119                         if (texpr == null)
4120                                 return false;
4121
4122                         var_type = texpr.Type;
4123
4124                         //
4125                         // We need an instance variable.  Not sure this is the best
4126                         // way of doing this.
4127                         //
4128                         // FIXME: When we implement propertyaccess, will those turn
4129                         // out to return values in ExprClass?  I think they should.
4130                         //
4131                         if (!(expr.eclass == ExprClass.Variable || expr.eclass == ExprClass.Value ||
4132                               expr.eclass == ExprClass.PropertyAccess || expr.eclass == ExprClass.IndexerAccess)){
4133                                 error1579 (expr.Type);
4134                                 return false;
4135                         }
4136
4137                         if (expr.Type.IsArray) {
4138                                 array_type = expr.Type;
4139                                 element_type = TypeManager.GetElementType (array_type);
4140
4141                                 empty = new EmptyExpression (element_type);
4142                         } else {
4143                                 hm = ProbeCollectionType (ec, expr.Type);
4144                                 if (hm == null){
4145                                         error1579 (expr.Type);
4146                                         return false;
4147                                 }
4148
4149                                 array_type = expr.Type;
4150                                 element_type = hm.element_type;
4151
4152                                 empty = new EmptyExpression (hm.element_type);
4153                         }
4154
4155                         bool ok = true;
4156
4157                         ec.StartFlowBranching (FlowBranching.BranchingType.Loop, loc);
4158                         ec.CurrentBranching.CreateSibling ();
4159
4160                         //
4161                         //
4162                         // FIXME: maybe we can apply the same trick we do in the
4163                         // array handling to avoid creating empty and conv in some cases.
4164                         //
4165                         // Although it is not as important in this case, as the type
4166                         // will not likely be object (what the enumerator will return).
4167                         //
4168                         conv = Convert.ExplicitConversion (ec, empty, var_type, loc);
4169                         if (conv == null)
4170                                 ok = false;
4171
4172                         variable = variable.ResolveLValue (ec, empty);
4173                         if (variable == null)
4174                                 ok = false;
4175
4176                         bool disposable = (hm != null) && hm.is_disposable;
4177                         FlowBranchingException branching = null;
4178                         if (disposable)
4179                                 branching = ec.StartFlowBranching (this);
4180
4181                         if (!statement.Resolve (ec))
4182                                 ok = false;
4183
4184                         if (disposable) {
4185                                 ResolveFinally (branching);
4186                                 ec.EndFlowBranching ();
4187                         } else
4188                                 emit_finally = true;
4189
4190                         ec.EndFlowBranching ();
4191
4192                         return ok;
4193                 }
4194
4195                 //
4196                 // Retrieves a `public bool MoveNext ()' method from the Type `t'
4197                 //
4198                 static MethodInfo FetchMethodMoveNext (Type t)
4199                 {
4200                         MemberList move_next_list;
4201
4202                         move_next_list = TypeContainer.FindMembers (
4203                                 t, MemberTypes.Method,
4204                                 BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance,
4205                                 Type.FilterName, "MoveNext");
4206                         if (move_next_list.Count == 0)
4207                                 return null;
4208
4209                         foreach (MemberInfo m in move_next_list){
4210                                 MethodInfo mi = (MethodInfo) m;
4211                                 Type [] args;
4212
4213                                 args = TypeManager.GetArgumentTypes (mi);
4214                                 if (args != null && args.Length == 0){
4215                                         if (TypeManager.TypeToCoreType (mi.ReturnType) == TypeManager.bool_type)
4216                                                 return mi;
4217                                 }
4218                         }
4219                         return null;
4220                 }
4221
4222                 //
4223                 // Retrieves a `public T get_Current ()' method from the Type `t'
4224                 //
4225                 static MethodInfo FetchMethodGetCurrent (Type t)
4226                 {
4227                         MemberList get_current_list;
4228
4229                         get_current_list = TypeContainer.FindMembers (
4230                                 t, MemberTypes.Method,
4231                                 BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance,
4232                                 Type.FilterName, "get_Current");
4233                         if (get_current_list.Count == 0)
4234                                 return null;
4235
4236                         foreach (MemberInfo m in get_current_list){
4237                                 MethodInfo mi = (MethodInfo) m;
4238                                 Type [] args;
4239
4240                                 args = TypeManager.GetArgumentTypes (mi);
4241                                 if (args != null && args.Length == 0)
4242                                         return mi;
4243                         }
4244                         return null;
4245                 }
4246
4247                 //
4248                 // Retrieves a `public void Dispose ()' method from the Type `t'
4249                 //
4250                 static MethodInfo FetchMethodDispose (Type t)
4251                 {
4252                         MemberList dispose_list;
4253
4254                         dispose_list = TypeContainer.FindMembers (
4255                                 t, MemberTypes.Method,
4256                                 BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance,
4257                                 Type.FilterName, "Dispose");
4258                         if (dispose_list.Count == 0)
4259                                 return null;
4260
4261                         foreach (MemberInfo m in dispose_list){
4262                                 MethodInfo mi = (MethodInfo) m;
4263                                 Type [] args;
4264
4265                                 args = TypeManager.GetArgumentTypes (mi);
4266                                 if (args != null && args.Length == 0){
4267                                         if (mi.ReturnType == TypeManager.void_type)
4268                                                 return mi;
4269                                 }
4270                         }
4271                         return null;
4272                 }
4273
4274                 //
4275                 // This struct records the helper methods used by the Foreach construct
4276                 //
4277                 class ForeachHelperMethods {
4278                         public EmitContext ec;
4279                         public MethodInfo get_enumerator;
4280                         public MethodInfo move_next;
4281                         public MethodInfo get_current;
4282                         public Type element_type;
4283                         public Type enumerator_type;
4284                         public bool is_disposable;
4285
4286                         public ForeachHelperMethods (EmitContext ec)
4287                         {
4288                                 this.ec = ec;
4289                                 this.element_type = TypeManager.object_type;
4290                                 this.enumerator_type = TypeManager.ienumerator_type;
4291                                 this.is_disposable = true;
4292                         }
4293                 }
4294
4295                 static bool GetEnumeratorFilter (MemberInfo m, object criteria)
4296                 {
4297                         if (m == null)
4298                                 return false;
4299
4300                         if (!(m is MethodInfo))
4301                                 return false;
4302
4303                         if (m.Name != "GetEnumerator")
4304                                 return false;
4305
4306                         MethodInfo mi = (MethodInfo) m;
4307                         Type [] args = TypeManager.GetArgumentTypes (mi);
4308                         if (args != null){
4309                                 if (args.Length != 0)
4310                                         return false;
4311                         }
4312                         ForeachHelperMethods hm = (ForeachHelperMethods) criteria;
4313
4314                         // Check whether GetEnumerator is public
4315                         if ((mi.Attributes & MethodAttributes.Public) != MethodAttributes.Public)
4316                                         return false;
4317
4318                         if ((mi.ReturnType == TypeManager.ienumerator_type) && (mi.DeclaringType == TypeManager.string_type))
4319                                 //
4320                                 // Apply the same optimization as MS: skip the GetEnumerator
4321                                 // returning an IEnumerator, and use the one returning a
4322                                 // CharEnumerator instead. This allows us to avoid the
4323                                 // try-finally block and the boxing.
4324                                 //
4325                                 return false;
4326
4327                         //
4328                         // Ok, we can access it, now make sure that we can do something
4329                         // with this `GetEnumerator'
4330                         //
4331
4332                         Type return_type = mi.ReturnType;
4333                         if (mi.ReturnType == TypeManager.ienumerator_type ||
4334                             TypeManager.ienumerator_type.IsAssignableFrom (return_type) ||
4335                             (!RootContext.StdLib && TypeManager.ImplementsInterface (return_type, TypeManager.ienumerator_type))) {
4336
4337                                 //
4338                                 // If it is not an interface, lets try to find the methods ourselves.
4339                                 // For example, if we have:
4340                                 // public class Foo : IEnumerator { public bool MoveNext () {} public int Current { get {}}}
4341                                 // We can avoid the iface call. This is a runtime perf boost.
4342                                 // even bigger if we have a ValueType, because we avoid the cost
4343                                 // of boxing.
4344                                 //
4345                                 // We have to make sure that both methods exist for us to take
4346                                 // this path. If one of the methods does not exist, we will just
4347                                 // use the interface. Sadly, this complex if statement is the only
4348                                 // way I could do this without a goto
4349                                 //
4350
4351                                 if (return_type.IsInterface ||
4352                                     (hm.move_next = FetchMethodMoveNext (return_type)) == null ||
4353                                     (hm.get_current = FetchMethodGetCurrent (return_type)) == null) {
4354
4355                                         hm.move_next = TypeManager.bool_movenext_void;
4356                                         hm.get_current = TypeManager.object_getcurrent_void;
4357                                         return true;
4358                                 }
4359
4360                         } else {
4361
4362                                 //
4363                                 // Ok, so they dont return an IEnumerable, we will have to
4364                                 // find if they support the GetEnumerator pattern.
4365                                 //
4366
4367                                 hm.move_next = FetchMethodMoveNext (return_type);
4368                                 if (hm.move_next == null)
4369                                         return false;
4370
4371                                 hm.get_current = FetchMethodGetCurrent (return_type);
4372                                 if (hm.get_current == null)
4373                                         return false;
4374                         }
4375
4376                         hm.element_type = hm.get_current.ReturnType;
4377                         hm.enumerator_type = return_type;
4378                         hm.is_disposable = !hm.enumerator_type.IsSealed ||
4379                                 TypeManager.ImplementsInterface (
4380                                         hm.enumerator_type, TypeManager.idisposable_type);
4381
4382                         return true;
4383                 }
4384
4385                 /// <summary>
4386                 ///   This filter is used to find the GetEnumerator method
4387                 ///   on which IEnumerator operates
4388                 /// </summary>
4389                 static MemberFilter FilterEnumerator;
4390
4391                 static Foreach ()
4392                 {
4393                         FilterEnumerator = new MemberFilter (GetEnumeratorFilter);
4394                 }
4395
4396                 void error1579 (Type t)
4397                 {
4398                         Report.Error (1579, loc,
4399                                       "foreach statement cannot operate on variables of type `" +
4400                                       t.FullName + "' because that class does not provide a " +
4401                                       " GetEnumerator method or it is inaccessible");
4402                 }
4403
4404                 static bool TryType (Type t, ForeachHelperMethods hm)
4405                 {
4406                         MemberList mi;
4407
4408                         mi = TypeContainer.FindMembers (t, MemberTypes.Method,
4409                                                         BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic |
4410                                                         BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly,
4411                                                         FilterEnumerator, hm);
4412
4413                         if (mi.Count == 0)
4414                                 return false;
4415
4416                         hm.get_enumerator = (MethodInfo) mi [0];
4417                         return true;
4418                 }
4419
4420                 //
4421                 // Looks for a usable GetEnumerator in the Type, and if found returns
4422                 // the three methods that participate: GetEnumerator, MoveNext and get_Current
4423                 //
4424                 ForeachHelperMethods ProbeCollectionType (EmitContext ec, Type t)
4425                 {
4426                         ForeachHelperMethods hm = new ForeachHelperMethods (ec);
4427
4428                         for (Type tt = t; tt != null && tt != TypeManager.object_type;){
4429                                 if (TryType (tt, hm))
4430                                         return hm;
4431                                 tt = tt.BaseType;
4432                         }
4433
4434                         //
4435                         // Now try to find the method in the interfaces
4436                         //
4437                         while (t != null){
4438                                 Type [] ifaces = t.GetInterfaces ();
4439
4440                                 foreach (Type i in ifaces){
4441                                         if (TryType (i, hm))
4442                                                 return hm;
4443                                 }
4444
4445                                 //
4446                                 // Since TypeBuilder.GetInterfaces only returns the interface
4447                                 // types for this type, we have to keep looping, but once
4448                                 // we hit a non-TypeBuilder (ie, a Type), then we know we are
4449                                 // done, because it returns all the types
4450                                 //
4451                                 if ((t is TypeBuilder))
4452                                         t = t.BaseType;
4453                                 else
4454                                         break;
4455                         }
4456
4457                         return null;
4458                 }
4459
4460                 //
4461                 // FIXME: possible optimization.
4462                 // We might be able to avoid creating `empty' if the type is the sam
4463                 //
4464                 bool EmitCollectionForeach (EmitContext ec)
4465                 {
4466                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
4467
4468                         enumerator = new VariableStorage (ec, hm.enumerator_type);
4469                         enumerator.EmitThis (ig);
4470                         //
4471                         // Instantiate the enumerator
4472                         //
4473                         if (expr.Type.IsValueType){
4474                                 IMemoryLocation ml = expr as IMemoryLocation;
4475                                 // Load the address of the value type.
4476                                 if (ml == null) {
4477                                         // This happens if, for example, you have a property
4478                                         // returning a struct which is IEnumerable
4479                                         LocalBuilder t = ec.GetTemporaryLocal (expr.Type);
4480                                                 expr.Emit(ec);
4481                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stloc, t);
4482                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldloca, t);
4483                                         ec.FreeTemporaryLocal (t, expr.Type);
4484                                         } else {
4485                                                 ml.AddressOf (ec, AddressOp.Load);
4486                                         }
4487
4488                                 // Emit the call.
4489                                 if (hm.get_enumerator.DeclaringType.IsValueType) {
4490                                         // the method is declared on the value type
4491                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, hm.get_enumerator);
4492                                 } else {
4493                                         // it is an interface method, so we must box
4494                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Box, expr.Type);
4495                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, hm.get_enumerator);
4496                                 }
4497                         } else {
4498                                 expr.Emit (ec);
4499                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, hm.get_enumerator);
4500                         }
4501                         enumerator.EmitStore (ig);
4502
4503                         //
4504                         // Protect the code in a try/finalize block, so that
4505                         // if the beast implement IDisposable, we get rid of it
4506                         //
4507                         if (hm.is_disposable && emit_finally)
4508                                 ig.BeginExceptionBlock ();
4509
4510                         Label end_try = ig.DefineLabel ();
4511
4512                         ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopBegin);
4513
4514                         enumerator.EmitCall (ig, hm.move_next);
4515
4516                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brfalse, end_try);
4517
4518                         if (ec.InIterator)
4519                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
4520
4521                         enumerator.EmitCall (ig, hm.get_current);
4522
4523                         if (ec.InIterator){
4524                                 conv.Emit (ec);
4525                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stfld, ((LocalVariableReference) variable).local_info.FieldBuilder);
4526                         } else
4527                                 ((IAssignMethod)variable).EmitAssign (ec, conv, false, false);
4528
4529                         statement.Emit (ec);
4530                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, ec.LoopBegin);
4531                         ig.MarkLabel (end_try);
4532
4533                         // The runtime provides this for us.
4534                         // ig.Emit (OpCodes.Leave, end);
4535
4536                         //
4537                         // Now the finally block
4538                         //
4539                         if (hm.is_disposable) {
4540                                 DoEmitFinally (ec);
4541                                 if (emit_finally)
4542                                         ig.EndExceptionBlock ();
4543                         }
4544
4545                         ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopEnd);
4546                         return false;
4547                 }
4548
4549                 public override void EmitFinally (EmitContext ec)
4550                 {
4551                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
4552
4553                         if (hm.enumerator_type.IsValueType) {
4554                                 enumerator.EmitThis (ig);
4555
4556                                 MethodInfo mi = FetchMethodDispose (hm.enumerator_type);
4557                                 if (mi != null) {
4558                                         enumerator.EmitLoadAddress (ig);
4559                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, mi);
4560                                 } else {
4561                                         enumerator.EmitLoad (ig);
4562                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Box, hm.enumerator_type);
4563                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, TypeManager.void_dispose_void);
4564                                 }
4565                         } else {
4566                                 Label call_dispose = ig.DefineLabel ();
4567
4568                                 enumerator.EmitThis (ig);
4569                                 enumerator.EmitLoad (ig);
4570                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Isinst, TypeManager.idisposable_type);
4571                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Dup);
4572                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Brtrue_S, call_dispose);
4573                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Pop);
4574
4575                                 Label end_finally = ig.DefineLabel ();
4576                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, end_finally);
4577
4578                                 ig.MarkLabel (call_dispose);
4579                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, TypeManager.void_dispose_void);
4580                                 ig.MarkLabel (end_finally);
4581
4582                                 if (emit_finally)
4583                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Endfinally);
4584                         }
4585                 }
4586
4587                 //
4588                 // FIXME: possible optimization.
4589                 // We might be able to avoid creating `empty' if the type is the sam
4590                 //
4591                 bool EmitArrayForeach (EmitContext ec)
4592                 {
4593                         int rank = array_type.GetArrayRank ();
4594                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
4595
4596                         VariableStorage copy = new VariableStorage (ec, array_type);
4597
4598                         //
4599                         // Make our copy of the array
4600                         //
4601                         copy.EmitThis (ig);
4602                         expr.Emit (ec);
4603                         copy.EmitStore (ig);
4604
4605                         if (rank == 1){
4606                                 VariableStorage counter = new VariableStorage (ec,TypeManager.int32_type);
4607
4608                                 Label loop, test;
4609
4610                                 counter.EmitThis (ig);
4611                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
4612                                 counter.EmitStore (ig);
4613                                 test = ig.DefineLabel ();
4614                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, test);
4615
4616                                 loop = ig.DefineLabel ();
4617                                 ig.MarkLabel (loop);
4618
4619                                 if (ec.InIterator)
4620                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
4621
4622                                 copy.EmitThis (ig);
4623                                 copy.EmitLoad (ig);
4624                                 counter.EmitThis (ig);
4625                                 counter.EmitLoad (ig);
4626
4627                                 //
4628                                 // Load the value, we load the value using the underlying type,
4629                                 // then we use the variable.EmitAssign to load using the proper cast.
4630                                 //
4631                                 ArrayAccess.EmitLoadOpcode (ig, element_type);
4632                                 if (ec.InIterator){
4633                                         conv.Emit (ec);
4634                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stfld, ((LocalVariableReference) variable).local_info.FieldBuilder);
4635                                 } else
4636                                         ((IAssignMethod)variable).EmitAssign (ec, conv, false, false);
4637
4638                                 statement.Emit (ec);
4639
4640                                 ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopBegin);
4641                                 counter.EmitThis (ig);
4642                                 counter.EmitThis (ig);
4643                                 counter.EmitLoad (ig);
4644                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
4645                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
4646                                 counter.EmitStore (ig);
4647
4648                                 ig.MarkLabel (test);
4649                                 counter.EmitThis (ig);
4650                                 counter.EmitLoad (ig);
4651                                 copy.EmitThis (ig);
4652                                 copy.EmitLoad (ig);
4653                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldlen);
4654                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Conv_I4);
4655                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Blt, loop);
4656                         } else {
4657                                 VariableStorage [] dim_len   = new VariableStorage [rank];
4658                                 VariableStorage [] dim_count = new VariableStorage [rank];
4659                                 Label [] loop = new Label [rank];
4660                                 Label [] test = new Label [rank];
4661                                 int dim;
4662
4663                                 for (dim = 0; dim < rank; dim++){
4664                                         dim_len [dim] = new VariableStorage (ec, TypeManager.int32_type);
4665                                         dim_count [dim] = new VariableStorage (ec, TypeManager.int32_type);
4666                                         test [dim] = ig.DefineLabel ();
4667                                         loop [dim] = ig.DefineLabel ();
4668                                 }
4669
4670                                 for (dim = 0; dim < rank; dim++){
4671                                         dim_len [dim].EmitThis (ig);
4672                                         copy.EmitThis (ig);
4673                                         copy.EmitLoad (ig);
4674                                         IntLiteral.EmitInt (ig, dim);
4675                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Callvirt, TypeManager.int_getlength_int);
4676                                         dim_len [dim].EmitStore (ig);
4677
4678                                 }
4679
4680                                 for (dim = 0; dim < rank; dim++){
4681                                         dim_count [dim].EmitThis (ig);
4682                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_0);
4683                                         dim_count [dim].EmitStore (ig);
4684                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Br, test [dim]);
4685                                         ig.MarkLabel (loop [dim]);
4686                                 }
4687
4688                                 if (ec.InIterator)
4689                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
4690
4691                                 copy.EmitThis (ig);
4692                                 copy.EmitLoad (ig);
4693                                 for (dim = 0; dim < rank; dim++){
4694                                         dim_count [dim].EmitThis (ig);
4695                                         dim_count [dim].EmitLoad (ig);
4696                                 }
4697
4698                                 //
4699                                 // FIXME: Maybe we can cache the computation of `get'?
4700                                 //
4701                                 Type [] args = new Type [rank];
4702                                 MethodInfo get;
4703
4704                                 for (int i = 0; i < rank; i++)
4705                                         args [i] = TypeManager.int32_type;
4706
4707                                 ModuleBuilder mb = CodeGen.Module.Builder;
4708                                 get = mb.GetArrayMethod (
4709                                         array_type, "Get",
4710                                         CallingConventions.HasThis| CallingConventions.Standard,
4711                                         var_type, args);
4712                                 ig.Emit (OpCodes.Call, get);
4713                                 if (ec.InIterator){
4714                                         conv.Emit (ec);
4715                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Stfld, ((LocalVariableReference) variable).local_info.FieldBuilder);
4716                                 } else
4717                                         ((IAssignMethod)variable).EmitAssign (ec, conv, false, false);
4718                                 statement.Emit (ec);
4719                                 ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopBegin);
4720                                 for (dim = rank - 1; dim >= 0; dim--){
4721                                         dim_count [dim].EmitThis (ig);
4722                                         dim_count [dim].EmitThis (ig);
4723                                         dim_count [dim].EmitLoad (ig);
4724                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Ldc_I4_1);
4725                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Add);
4726                                         dim_count [dim].EmitStore (ig);
4727
4728                                         ig.MarkLabel (test [dim]);
4729                                         dim_count [dim].EmitThis (ig);
4730                                         dim_count [dim].EmitLoad (ig);
4731                                         dim_len [dim].EmitThis (ig);
4732                                         dim_len [dim].EmitLoad (ig);
4733                                         ig.Emit (OpCodes.Blt, loop [dim]);
4734                                 }
4735                         }
4736                         ig.MarkLabel (ec.LoopEnd);
4737
4738                         return false;
4739                 }
4740
4741                 protected override void DoEmit (EmitContext ec)
4742                 {
4743                         ILGenerator ig = ec.ig;
4744
4745                         Label old_begin = ec.LoopBegin, old_end = ec.LoopEnd;
4746                         ec.LoopBegin = ig.DefineLabel ();
4747                         ec.LoopEnd = ig.DefineLabel ();
4748
4749                         if (hm != null)
4750                                 EmitCollectionForeach (ec);
4751                         else
4752                                 EmitArrayForeach (ec);
4753
4754                         ec.LoopBegin = old_begin;
4755                         ec.LoopEnd = old_end;
4756                 }
4757         }
4758 }