mcs/class/System.Runtime.Serialization/System.Runtime.Serialization/KnownTypeCollection.cs

   1 //
   2 // KnownTypeCollection.cs
   3 //
   4 // Author:
   5 //      Atsushi Enomoto <atsushi@ximian.com>
   6 //
   7 // Copyright (C) 2005 Novell, Inc.  http://www.novell.com
   8 //
   9 // Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
  10 // a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
  11 // "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
  12 // without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
  13 // distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
  14 // permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
  15 // the following conditions:
  16 //
  17 // The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
  18 // included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  19 //
  20 // THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
  21 // EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
  22 // MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
  23 // NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
  24 // LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
  25 // OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
  26 // WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
  27 //
  28 #if NET_2_0
  29 using System;
  30 using System.Collections;
  31 using System.Collections.Generic;
  32 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
  33 using System.Linq;
  34 using System.Reflection;
  35 using System.Xml;
  36 using System.Xml.Schema;
  37
  38 using QName = System.Xml.XmlQualifiedName;
  39 using System.Xml.Serialization;
  40
  41 namespace System.Runtime.Serialization
  42 {
  43 /*
  44         XmlFormatter implementation design inference:
  45
  46         type definitions:
  47         - No XML Schema types are directly used. There are some maps from
  48           xs:blahType to ms:blahType where the namespaceURI for prefix "ms" is
  49           "http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/" .
  50
  51         serializable types:
  52         - An object being serialized 1) must be of type System.Object, or
  53           2) must be null, or 3) must have either a [DataContract] attribute
  54           or a [Serializable] attribute to be serializable.
  55         - When the object is either of type System.Object or null, then the
  56           XML type is "anyType".
  57         - When the object is [Serializable], then the runtime-serialization
  58           compatible object graph is written.
  59         - Otherwise the serialization is based on contract attributes.
  60           ([Serializable] takes precedence).
  61
  62         type derivation:
  63         - For type A to be serializable, the base type B of A must be
  64           serializable.
  65         - If a type which is [Serializable] and whose base type has a
  66           [DataContract], then for base type members [DataContract] is taken.
  67         - It is vice versa i.e. if the base type is [Serializable] and the
  68           derived type has a [DataContract], then [Serializable] takes place
  69           for base members.
  70
  71         known type collection:
  72         - It internally manages mapping store keyed by contract QNames.
  73           KnownTypeCollection.Add() checks if the same QName contract already
  74           exists (and raises InvalidOperationException if required).
  75
  76 */
  77         internal static class TypeExtensions
  78         {
  79                 public static T GetCustomAttribute<T> (this MemberInfo type, bool inherit)
  80                 {
  81                         var arr = type.GetCustomAttributes (typeof (T), inherit);
  82                         return arr != null && arr.Length == 1 ? (T) arr [0] : default (T);
  83                 }
  84
  85                 public static IEnumerable<Type> GetInterfacesOrSelfInterface (this Type type)
  86                 {
  87                         if (type.IsInterface)
  88                                 yield return type;
  89                         foreach (var t in type.GetInterfaces ())
  90                                 yield return t;
  91                 }
  92
  93                 public static bool ImplementsInterface (this Type type, Type iface)
  94                 {
  95                         foreach (var t in type.GetInterfacesOrSelfInterface ()) {
  96                                 if (t == iface)
  97                                         return true;
  98                         }
  99
 100                         var baseType = type.BaseType;
 101                         if (baseType != null)
 102                                 return baseType.ImplementsInterface (iface);
 103
 104                         return false;
 105                 }
 106         }
 107
 108         internal sealed class KnownTypeCollection : Collection<Type>
 109         {
 110                 internal const string MSSimpleNamespace =
 111                         "http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/";
 112                 internal const string MSArraysNamespace =
 113                         "http://schemas.microsoft.com/2003/10/Serialization/Arrays";
 114                 internal const string DefaultClrNamespaceBase =
 115                         "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/";
 116                 internal const string DefaultClrNamespaceSystem =
 117                         "http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/System";
 118
 119
 120                 static QName any_type, bool_type,
 121                         byte_type, date_type, decimal_type, double_type,
 122                         float_type, string_type,
 123                         short_type, int_type, long_type,
 124                         ubyte_type, ushort_type, uint_type, ulong_type,
 125                         // non-TypeCode
 126                         any_uri_type, base64_type, duration_type, qname_type,
 127                         // custom in ms nsURI schema
 128                         char_type, guid_type,
 129                         // not in ms nsURI schema
 130                         dbnull_type, date_time_offset_type;
 131
 132                 // XmlSchemaType.GetBuiltInPrimitiveType() does not exist in moonlight, so I had to explicitly add them. And now that we have it, it does not make much sense to use #if MOONLIGHT ... #endif for XmlSchemaType anymore :-(
 133                 static Dictionary<string,Type> xs_predefined_types = new Dictionary<string,Type> ();
 134
 135                 static KnownTypeCollection ()
 136                 {
 137                         string s = MSSimpleNamespace;
 138                         any_type = new QName ("anyType", s);
 139                         any_uri_type = new QName ("anyURI", s);
 140                         bool_type = new QName ("boolean", s);
 141                         base64_type = new QName ("base64Binary", s);
 142                         date_type = new QName ("dateTime", s);
 143                         duration_type = new QName ("duration", s);
 144                         qname_type = new QName ("QName", s);
 145                         decimal_type = new QName ("decimal", s);
 146                         double_type = new QName ("double", s);
 147                         float_type = new QName ("float", s);
 148                         byte_type = new QName ("byte", s);
 149                         short_type = new QName ("short", s);
 150                         int_type = new QName ("int", s);
 151                         long_type = new QName ("long", s);
 152                         ubyte_type = new QName ("unsignedByte", s);
 153                         ushort_type = new QName ("unsignedShort", s);
 154                         uint_type = new QName ("unsignedInt", s);
 155                         ulong_type = new QName ("unsignedLong", s);
 156                         string_type = new QName ("string", s);
 157                         guid_type = new QName ("guid", s);
 158                         char_type = new QName ("char", s);
 159
 160                         dbnull_type = new QName ("DBNull", DefaultClrNamespaceBase + "System");
 161                         date_time_offset_type = new QName ("DateTimeOffset", DefaultClrNamespaceBase + "System");
 162
 163                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("string", typeof (string));
 164                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("boolean", typeof (bool));
 165                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("float", typeof (float));
 166                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("double", typeof (double));
 167                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("decimal", typeof (decimal));
 168                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("duration", typeof (TimeSpan));
 169                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("dateTime", typeof (DateTime));
 170                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("date", typeof (DateTime));
 171                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("time", typeof (DateTime));
 172                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("gYearMonth", typeof (DateTime));
 173                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("gYear", typeof (DateTime));
 174                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("gMonthDay", typeof (DateTime));
 175                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("gDay", typeof (DateTime));
 176                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("gMonth", typeof (DateTime));
 177                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("hexBinary", typeof (byte []));
 178                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("base64Binary", typeof (byte []));
 179                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("anyURI", typeof (Uri));
 180                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("QName", typeof (QName));
 181                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("NOTATION", typeof (string));
 182
 183                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("normalizedString", typeof (string));
 184                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("token", typeof (string));
 185                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("language", typeof (string));
 186                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("IDREFS", typeof (string []));
 187                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("ENTITIES", typeof (string []));
 188                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("NMTOKEN", typeof (string));
 189                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("NMTOKENS", typeof (string []));
 190                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("Name", typeof (string));
 191                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("NCName", typeof (string));
 192                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("ID", typeof (string));
 193                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("IDREF", typeof (string));
 194                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("ENTITY", typeof (string));
 195
 196                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("integer", typeof (decimal));
 197                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("nonPositiveInteger", typeof (int));
 198                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("negativeInteger", typeof (int));
 199                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("long", typeof (long));
 200                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("int", typeof (int));
 201                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("short", typeof (short));
 202                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("byte", typeof (sbyte));
 203                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("nonNegativeInteger", typeof (decimal));
 204                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("unsignedLong", typeof (ulong));
 205                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("unsignedInt", typeof (uint));
 206                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("unsignedShort", typeof (ushort));
 207                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("unsignedByte", typeof (byte));
 208                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("positiveInteger", typeof (decimal));
 209
 210                         xs_predefined_types.Add ("anyType", typeof (object));
 211                 }
 212
 213                 // FIXME: find out how QName and guid are processed
 214
 215                 internal QName GetXmlName (Type type)
 216                 {
 217                         SerializationMap map = FindUserMap (type);
 218                         if (map != null)
 219                                 return map.XmlName;
 220                         return GetPredefinedTypeName (type);
 221                 }
 222
 223                 internal static QName GetPredefinedTypeName (Type type)
 224                 {
 225                         QName name = GetPrimitiveTypeName (type);
 226                         if (name != QName.Empty)
 227                                 return name;
 228                         if (type == typeof (DBNull))
 229                                 return dbnull_type;
 230                         return QName.Empty;
 231                 }
 232
 233                 internal static QName GetPrimitiveTypeName (Type type)
 234                 {
 235                         if (type.IsGenericType && type.GetGenericTypeDefinition () == typeof (Nullable<>))
 236                                 return GetPrimitiveTypeName (type.GetGenericArguments () [0]);
 237
 238                         if (type.IsEnum)
 239                                 return QName.Empty;
 240
 241                         switch (Type.GetTypeCode (type)) {
 242                         case TypeCode.Object: // other than System.Object
 243                         case TypeCode.DBNull: // it is natively mapped, but not in ms serialization namespace.
 244                         case TypeCode.Empty:
 245                         default:
 246                                 if (type == typeof (object))
 247                                         return any_type;
 248                                 if (type == typeof (Guid))
 249                                         return guid_type;
 250                                 if (type == typeof (TimeSpan))
 251                                         return duration_type;
 252                                 if (type == typeof (byte []))
 253                                         return base64_type;
 254                                 if (type == typeof (Uri))
 255                                         return any_uri_type;
 256                                 if (type == typeof (DateTimeOffset))
 257                                         return date_time_offset_type;
 258                                 return QName.Empty;
 259                         case TypeCode.Boolean:
 260                                 return bool_type;
 261                         case TypeCode.Byte:
 262                                 return ubyte_type;
 263                         case TypeCode.Char:
 264                                 return char_type;
 265                         case TypeCode.DateTime:
 266                                 return date_type;
 267                         case TypeCode.Decimal:
 268                                 return decimal_type;
 269                         case TypeCode.Double:
 270                                 return double_type;
 271                         case TypeCode.Int16:
 272                                 return short_type;
 273                         case TypeCode.Int32:
 274                                 return int_type;
 275                         case TypeCode.Int64:
 276                                 return long_type;
 277                         case TypeCode.SByte:
 278                                 return byte_type;
 279                         case TypeCode.Single:
 280                                 return float_type;
 281                         case TypeCode.String:
 282                                 return string_type;
 283                         case TypeCode.UInt16:
 284                                 return ushort_type;
 285                         case TypeCode.UInt32:
 286                                 return uint_type;
 287                         case TypeCode.UInt64:
 288                                 return ulong_type;
 289                         }
 290                 }
 291
 292                 internal static string PredefinedTypeObjectToString (object obj)
 293                 {
 294                         Type type = obj.GetType ();
 295                         switch (Type.GetTypeCode (type)) {
 296                         case TypeCode.Object: // other than System.Object
 297                         case TypeCode.Empty:
 298                         default:
 299                                 if (type == typeof (object))
 300                                         return String.Empty;
 301                                 if (type == typeof (Guid))
 302                                         return XmlConvert.ToString ((Guid) obj);
 303                                 if (type == typeof (TimeSpan))
 304                                         return XmlConvert.ToString ((TimeSpan) obj);
 305                                 if (type == typeof (byte []))
 306                                         return Convert.ToBase64String ((byte []) obj);
 307                                 if (type == typeof (Uri))
 308                                         return ((Uri) obj).ToString ();
 309                                 throw new Exception ("Internal error: missing predefined type serialization for type " + type.FullName);
 310                         case TypeCode.DBNull: // predefined, but not primitive
 311                                 return String.Empty;
 312                         case TypeCode.Boolean:
 313                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((bool) obj);
 314                         case TypeCode.Byte:
 315                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((int)((byte) obj));
 316                         case TypeCode.Char:
 317                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((uint) (char) obj);
 318                         case TypeCode.DateTime:
 319                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((DateTime) obj, XmlDateTimeSerializationMode.RoundtripKind);
 320                         case TypeCode.Decimal:
 321                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((decimal) obj);
 322                         case TypeCode.Double:
 323                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((double) obj);
 324                         case TypeCode.Int16:
 325                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((short) obj);
 326                         case TypeCode.Int32:
 327                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((int) obj);
 328                         case TypeCode.Int64:
 329                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((long) obj);
 330                         case TypeCode.SByte:
 331                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((sbyte) obj);
 332                         case TypeCode.Single:
 333                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((float) obj);
 334                         case TypeCode.String:
 335                                 return (string) obj;
 336                         case TypeCode.UInt16:
 337                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((int) (ushort) obj);
 338                         case TypeCode.UInt32:
 339                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((uint) obj);
 340                         case TypeCode.UInt64:
 341                                 return XmlConvert.ToString ((ulong) obj);
 342                         }
 343                 }
 344
 345                 internal static Type GetPrimitiveTypeFromName (QName name)
 346                 {
 347                         switch (name.Namespace) {
 348                         case DefaultClrNamespaceSystem:
 349                                 switch (name.Name) {
 350                                 case "DBNull":
 351                                         return typeof (DBNull);
 352                                 case "DateTimeOffset":
 353                                         return typeof (DateTimeOffset);
 354                                 }
 355                                 break;
 356                         case XmlSchema.Namespace:
 357                                 return xs_predefined_types.FirstOrDefault (p => p.Key == name.Name).Value;
 358                         case MSSimpleNamespace:
 359                                 switch (name.Name) {
 360                                 case "anyURI":
 361                                         return typeof (Uri);
 362                                 case "boolean":
 363                                         return typeof (bool);
 364                                 case "base64Binary":
 365                                         return typeof (byte []);
 366                                 case "dateTime":
 367                                         return typeof (DateTime);
 368                                 case "duration":
 369                                         return typeof (TimeSpan);
 370                                 case "QName":
 371                                         return typeof (QName);
 372                                 case "decimal":
 373                                         return typeof (decimal);
 374                                 case "double":
 375                                         return typeof (double);
 376                                 case "float":
 377                                         return typeof (float);
 378                                 case "byte":
 379                                         return typeof (sbyte);
 380                                 case "short":
 381                                         return typeof (short);
 382                                 case "int":
 383                                         return typeof (int);
 384                                 case "long":
 385                                         return typeof (long);
 386                                 case "unsignedByte":
 387                                         return typeof (byte);
 388                                 case "unsignedShort":
 389                                         return typeof (ushort);
 390                                 case "unsignedInt":
 391                                         return typeof (uint);
 392                                 case "unsignedLong":
 393                                         return typeof (ulong);
 394                                 case "string":
 395                                         return typeof (string);
 396                                 case "anyType":
 397                                         return typeof (object);
 398                                 case "guid":
 399                                         return typeof (Guid);
 400                                 case "char":
 401                                         return typeof (char);
 402                                 }
 403                                 break;
 404                         }
 405                         return null;
 406                 }
 407
 408
 409                 internal static object PredefinedTypeStringToObject (string s,
 410                         string name, XmlReader reader)
 411                 {
 412                         switch (name) {
 413                         case "anyURI":
 414                                 return new Uri(s,UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute);
 415                         case "boolean":
 416                                 return XmlConvert.ToBoolean (s);
 417                         case "base64Binary":
 418                                 return Convert.FromBase64String (s);
 419                         case "dateTime":
 420                                 return XmlConvert.ToDateTime (s, XmlDateTimeSerializationMode.RoundtripKind);
 421                         case "duration":
 422                                 return XmlConvert.ToTimeSpan (s);
 423                         case "QName":
 424                                 int idx = s.IndexOf (':');
 425                                 string l = idx < 0 ? s : s.Substring (idx + 1);
 426                                 return idx < 0 ? new QName (l) :
 427                                         new QName (l, reader.LookupNamespace (
 428                                                 s.Substring (0, idx)));
 429                         case "decimal":
 430                                 return XmlConvert.ToDecimal (s);
 431                         case "double":
 432                                 return XmlConvert.ToDouble (s);
 433                         case "float":
 434                                 return XmlConvert.ToSingle (s);
 435                         case "byte":
 436                                 return XmlConvert.ToSByte (s);
 437                         case "short":
 438                                 return XmlConvert.ToInt16 (s);
 439                         case "int":
 440                                 return XmlConvert.ToInt32 (s);
 441                         case "long":
 442                                 return XmlConvert.ToInt64 (s);
 443                         case "unsignedByte":
 444                                 return XmlConvert.ToByte (s);
 445                         case "unsignedShort":
 446                                 return XmlConvert.ToUInt16 (s);
 447                         case "unsignedInt":
 448                                 return XmlConvert.ToUInt32 (s);
 449                         case "unsignedLong":
 450                                 return XmlConvert.ToUInt64 (s);
 451                         case "string":
 452                                 return s;
 453                         case "guid":
 454                                 return XmlConvert.ToGuid (s);
 455                         case "anyType":
 456                                 return s;
 457                         case "char":
 458                                 return (char) XmlConvert.ToUInt32 (s);
 459                         default:
 460                                 throw new Exception ("Unanticipated primitive type: " + name);
 461                         }
 462                 }
 463
 464                 List<SerializationMap> contracts = new List<SerializationMap> ();
 465
 466                 public KnownTypeCollection ()
 467                 {
 468                 }
 469
 470                 protected override void ClearItems ()
 471                 {
 472                         base.Clear ();
 473                 }
 474
 475                 protected override void InsertItem (int index, Type type)
 476                 {
 477                         if (ShouldNotRegister (type))
 478                                 return;
 479                         if (!Contains (type)) {
 480                                 TryRegister (type);
 481                                 base.InsertItem (index, type);
 482                         }
 483                 }
 484
 485                 // FIXME: it could remove other types' dependencies.
 486                 protected override void RemoveItem (int index)
 487                 {
 488                         lock (this)
 489                                 DoRemoveItem (index);
 490                 }
 491
 492                 void DoRemoveItem (int index)
 493                 {
 494                         Type t = base [index];
 495                         List<SerializationMap> l = new List<SerializationMap> ();
 496                         foreach (SerializationMap m in contracts) {
 497                                 if (m.RuntimeType == t)
 498                                         l.Add (m);
 499                         }
 500                         foreach (SerializationMap m in l) {
 501                                 contracts.Remove (m);
 502                                 base.RemoveItem (index);
 503                         }
 504                 }
 505
 506                 protected override void SetItem (int index, Type type)
 507                 {
 508                         if (ShouldNotRegister (type))
 509                                 return;
 510
 511                         // Since this collection is not assured to be ordered, it ignores the whole Set operation if the type already exists.
 512                         if (Contains (type))
 513                                 return;
 514
 515                         if (index != Count)
 516                                 RemoveItem (index);
 517                         if (TryRegister (type))
 518                                 base.InsertItem (index - 1, type);
 519                 }
 520
 521                 internal SerializationMap FindUserMap (Type type)
 522                 {
 523                         lock (this) {
 524                                 for (int i = 0; i < contracts.Count; i++)
 525                                         if (type == contracts [i].RuntimeType)
 526                                                 return contracts [i];
 527                                 return null;
 528                         }
 529                 }
 530
 531                 internal SerializationMap FindUserMap (QName qname)
 532                 {
 533                         lock (this)
 534                                 return contracts.FirstOrDefault (c => c.XmlName == qname);
 535                 }
 536
 537                 internal SerializationMap FindUserMap (QName qname, Type type)
 538                 {
 539                         lock (this)
 540                                 return contracts.FirstOrDefault (c => c.XmlName == qname && c.RuntimeType == type);
 541                 }
 542
 543                 internal Type GetSerializedType (Type type)
 544                 {
 545                         if (IsPrimitiveNotEnum (type))
 546                                 return type;
 547                         Type element = GetCollectionElementType (type);
 548                         if (element == null)
 549                                 return type;
 550                         QName name = GetQName (type);
 551                         var map = FindUserMap (name, type);
 552                         if (map != null)
 553                                 return map.RuntimeType;
 554                         return type;
 555                 }
 556
 557                 internal QName GetQName (Type type)
 558                 {
 559                         SerializationMap map = FindUserMap (type);
 560                         if (map != null)
 561                                 // already mapped.
 562                                 return map.XmlName;
 563                         return GetStaticQName (type);
 564                 }
 565
 566                 public static QName GetStaticQName (Type type)
 567                 {
 568                         if (IsPrimitiveNotEnum (type))
 569                                 return GetPrimitiveTypeName (type);
 570
 571                         if (type.IsEnum)
 572                                 return GetEnumQName (type);
 573
 574                         QName qname = GetContractQName (type);
 575                         if (qname != null)
 576                                 return qname;
 577
 578                         if (type.GetInterface ("System.Xml.Serialization.IXmlSerializable") != null)
 579                                 //FIXME: Reusing GetSerializableQName here, since we just
 580                                 //need name of the type..
 581                                 return GetSerializableQName (type);
 582
 583                         qname = GetCollectionContractQName (type);
 584                         if (qname != null)
 585                                 return qname;
 586
 587                         Type element = GetCollectionElementType (type);
 588                         if (element != null) {
 589                                 if (type.IsInterface || IsCustomCollectionType (type, element))
 590                                         return GetCollectionQName (element);
 591                         }
 592
 593                         if (GetAttribute<SerializableAttribute> (type) != null)
 594                                 return GetSerializableQName (type);
 595
 596                         // default type map - still uses GetContractQName().
 597                         return GetContractQName (type, null, null);
 598                 }
 599
 600                 internal static QName GetContractQName (Type type)
 601                 {
 602                         var a = GetAttribute<DataContractAttribute> (type);
 603                         return a == null ? null : GetContractQName (type, a.Name, a.Namespace);
 604                 }
 605
 606                 static QName GetCollectionContractQName (Type type)
 607                 {
 608                         var a = GetAttribute<CollectionDataContractAttribute> (type);
 609                         return a == null ? null : GetContractQName (type, a.Name, a.Namespace);
 610                 }
 611
 612                 static QName GetContractQName (Type type, string name, string ns)
 613                 {
 614                         if (name == null)
 615                                 name = GetDefaultName (type);
 616                         else if (type.IsGenericType) {
 617                                 var args = type.GetGenericArguments ();
 618                                 for (int i = 0; i < args.Length; i++)
 619                                         name = name.Replace ("{" + i + "}", GetStaticQName (args [i]).Name);
 620                         }
 621
 622                         if (ns == null)
 623                                 ns = GetDefaultNamespace (type);
 624                         return new QName (name, ns);
 625                 }
 626
 627                 static QName GetEnumQName (Type type)
 628                 {
 629                         string name = null, ns = null;
 630
 631                         if (!type.IsEnum)
 632                                 return null;
 633
 634                         var dca = GetAttribute<DataContractAttribute> (type);
 635
 636                         if (dca != null) {
 637                                 ns = dca.Namespace;
 638                                 name = dca.Name;
 639                         }
 640
 641                         if (ns == null)
 642                                 ns = GetDefaultNamespace (type);
 643
 644                         if (name == null)
 645                                 name = type.Namespace == null ? type.Name : type.FullName.Substring (type.Namespace.Length + 1).Replace ('+', '.');
 646
 647                         return new QName (name, ns);
 648                 }
 649
 650                 internal static string GetDefaultName (Type type)
 651                 {
 652                         // FIXME: there could be decent ways to get
 653                         // the same result...
 654                         string name = type.Namespace == null || type.Namespace.Length == 0 ? type.Name : type.FullName.Substring (type.Namespace.Length + 1).Replace ('+', '.');
 655                         if (type.IsGenericType) {
 656                                 name = name.Substring (0, name.IndexOf ('`')) + "Of";
 657                                 foreach (var t in type.GetGenericArguments ())
 658                                         name += t.Name; // FIXME: check namespaces too
 659                         }
 660                         return name;
 661                 }
 662
 663                 internal static string GetDefaultNamespace (Type type)
 664                 {
 665                         foreach (ContractNamespaceAttribute a in type.Assembly.GetCustomAttributes (typeof (ContractNamespaceAttribute), true))
 666                                 if (a.ClrNamespace == type.Namespace)
 667                                         return a.ContractNamespace;
 668                         return DefaultClrNamespaceBase + type.Namespace;
 669                 }
 670
 671                 static QName GetCollectionQName (Type element)
 672                 {
 673                         QName eqname = GetStaticQName (element);
 674
 675                         string ns = eqname.Namespace;
 676                         if (eqname.Namespace == MSSimpleNamespace)
 677                                 //Arrays of Primitive types
 678                                 ns = MSArraysNamespace;
 679
 680                         return new QName (
 681                                 "ArrayOf" + XmlConvert.EncodeLocalName (eqname.Name),
 682                                 ns);
 683                 }
 684
 685                 static QName GetSerializableQName (Type type)
 686                 {
 687 #if !MOONLIGHT
 688                         // First, check XmlSchemaProviderAttribute and try GetSchema() to see if it returns a schema in the expected format.
 689                         var xpa = type.GetCustomAttribute<XmlSchemaProviderAttribute> (true);
 690                         if (xpa != null) {
 691                                 var mi = type.GetMethod (xpa.MethodName, BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static);
 692                                 if (mi != null) {
 693                                         try {
 694                                                 var xss = new XmlSchemaSet ();
 695                                                 return (XmlQualifiedName) mi.Invoke (null, new object [] {xss});
 696                                         } catch {
 697                                                 // ignore.
 698                                         }
 699                                 }
 700                         }
 701 #endif
 702
 703                         string xmlName = type.Name;
 704                         if (type.IsGenericType) {
 705                                 xmlName = xmlName.Substring (0, xmlName.IndexOf ('`')) + "Of";
 706                                 foreach (var t in type.GetGenericArguments ())
 707                                         xmlName += GetStaticQName (t).Name; // FIXME: check namespaces too
 708                         }
 709                         string xmlNamespace = GetDefaultNamespace (type);
 710                         var x = GetAttribute<XmlRootAttribute> (type);
 711                         if (x != null) {
 712                                 xmlName = x.ElementName;
 713                                 xmlNamespace = x.Namespace;
 714                         }
 715                         return new QName (XmlConvert.EncodeLocalName (xmlName), xmlNamespace);
 716                 }
 717
 718                 static bool IsPrimitiveNotEnum (Type type)
 719                 {
 720                         if (type.IsEnum)
 721                                 return false;
 722                         if (Type.GetTypeCode (type) != TypeCode.Object) // explicitly primitive
 723                                 return true;
 724                         if (type == typeof (Guid) || type == typeof (object) || type == typeof(TimeSpan) || type == typeof(byte[]) || type == typeof(Uri) || type == typeof(DateTimeOffset)) // special primitives
 725                                 return true;
 726 #if !MOONLIGHT
 727                         // DOM nodes
 728                         if (type == typeof (XmlElement) || type == typeof (XmlNode []))
 729                                 return true;
 730 #endif
 731                         // nullable
 732                         if (type.IsGenericType && type.GetGenericTypeDefinition () == typeof (Nullable<>))
 733                                 return IsPrimitiveNotEnum (type.GetGenericArguments () [0]);
 734                         return false;
 735                 }
 736
 737                 bool ShouldNotRegister (Type type)
 738                 {
 739                         return IsPrimitiveNotEnum (type);
 740                 }
 741
 742                 internal bool TryRegister (Type type)
 743                 {
 744                         lock (this) {
 745                                 return DoTryRegister (type);
 746                         }
 747                 }
 748
 749                 bool DoTryRegister (Type type)
 750                 {
 751                         // exclude predefined maps
 752                         if (ShouldNotRegister (type))
 753                                 return false;
 754
 755                         if (FindUserMap (type) != null)
 756                                 return false;
 757
 758                         if (RegisterEnum (type) != null)
 759                                 return true;
 760
 761                         if (RegisterDictionary (type) != null)
 762                                 return true;
 763
 764                         if (RegisterCollectionContract (type) != null)
 765                                 return true;
 766
 767                         if (RegisterContract (type) != null)
 768                                 return true;
 769
 770                         if (RegisterIXmlSerializable (type) != null)
 771                                 return true;
 772
 773                         if (RegisterCollection (type) != null)
 774                                 return true;
 775
 776                         if (GetAttribute<SerializableAttribute> (type) != null) {
 777                                 RegisterSerializable (type);
 778                                 return true;
 779                         }
 780
 781                         RegisterDefaultTypeMap (type);
 782                         return true;
 783                 }
 784
 785                 static Type GetCollectionElementType (Type type)
 786                 {
 787                         if (type.IsArray)
 788                                 return type.GetElementType ();
 789                         var ifaces = type.GetInterfacesOrSelfInterface ();
 790                         foreach (Type i in ifaces)
 791                                 if (i.IsGenericType && i.GetGenericTypeDefinition ().Equals (typeof (IEnumerable<>)))
 792                                         return i.GetGenericArguments () [0];
 793                         foreach (Type i in ifaces)
 794                                 if (i == typeof (IEnumerable))
 795                                         return typeof (object);
 796                         return null;
 797                 }
 798
 799                 internal static T GetAttribute<T> (ICustomAttributeProvider ap) where T : Attribute
 800                 {
 801                         object [] atts = ap.GetCustomAttributes (typeof (T), false);
 802                         return atts.Length == 0 ? null : (T) atts [0];
 803                 }
 804
 805                 private CollectionContractTypeMap RegisterCollectionContract (Type type)
 806                 {
 807                         var cdca = GetAttribute<CollectionDataContractAttribute> (type);
 808                         if (cdca == null)
 809                                 return null;
 810
 811                         Type element = GetCollectionElementType (type);
 812                         if (element == null)
 813                                 throw new InvalidDataContractException (String.Format ("Type '{0}' is marked as collection contract, but it is not a collection", type));
 814                         if (type.GetMethod ("Add", new Type[] { element }) == null)
 815                                 throw new InvalidDataContractException (String.Format ("Type '{0}' is marked as collection contract, but missing a public \"Add\" method", type));
 816
 817                         TryRegister (element); // must be registered before the name conflict check.
 818
 819                         QName qname = GetCollectionContractQName (type);
 820                         CheckStandardQName (qname);
 821                         var map = FindUserMap (qname, type);
 822                         if (map != null) {
 823                                 var cmap = map as CollectionContractTypeMap;
 824                                 if (cmap == null) // The runtime type may still differ (between array and other IList; see bug #670560)
 825                                         throw new InvalidOperationException (String.Format ("Failed to add type {0} to known type collection. There already is a registered type for XML name {1}", type, qname));
 826                         }
 827
 828                         var ret = new CollectionContractTypeMap (type, cdca, element, qname, this);
 829                         contracts.Add (ret);
 830                         return ret;
 831                 }
 832
 833                 private CollectionTypeMap RegisterCollection (Type type)
 834                 {
 835                         Type element = GetCollectionElementType (type);
 836                         if (element == null)
 837                                 return null;
 838
 839                         TryRegister (element);
 840
 841                         /*
 842                          * To qualify as a custom collection type, a type must have
 843                          * a public parameterless constructor and an "Add" method
 844                          * with the correct parameter type in addition to implementing
 845                          * one of the collection interfaces.
 846                          *
 847                          */
 848
 849                         if (!type.IsArray && type.IsClass && !IsCustomCollectionType (type, element))
 850                                 return null;
 851
 852                         QName qname = GetCollectionQName (element);
 853
 854                         var map = FindUserMap (qname, element);
 855                         if (map != null) {
 856                                 var cmap = map as CollectionTypeMap;
 857                                 if (cmap == null) // The runtime type may still differ (between array and other IList; see bug #670560)
 858                                         throw new InvalidOperationException (String.Format ("Failed to add type {0} to known type collection. There already is a registered type for XML name {1}", type, qname));
 859                                 return cmap;
 860                         }
 861
 862                         CollectionTypeMap ret =
 863                                 new CollectionTypeMap (type, element, qname, this);
 864                         contracts.Add (ret);
 865                         return ret;
 866                 }
 867
 868                 static bool IsCustomCollectionType (Type type, Type elementType)
 869                 {
 870                         if (!type.IsClass)
 871                                 return false;
 872                         if (type.GetConstructor (new Type [0]) == null)
 873                                 return false;
 874                         if (type.GetMethod ("Add", new Type[] { elementType }) == null)
 875                                 return false;
 876
 877                         return true;
 878                 }
 879
 880                 internal static bool IsInterchangeableCollectionType (Type contractType, Type graphType,
 881                                                                       out QName collectionQName)
 882                 {
 883                         collectionQName = null;
 884                         if (GetAttribute<CollectionDataContractAttribute> (contractType) != null)
 885                                 return false;
 886
 887                         var type = contractType;
 888                         if (type.IsGenericType)
 889                                 type = type.GetGenericTypeDefinition ();
 890
 891                         var elementType = GetCollectionElementType (contractType);
 892                         if (elementType == null)
 893                                 return false;
 894
 895                         if (contractType.IsArray) {
 896                                 if (!graphType.IsArray || !elementType.Equals (graphType.GetElementType ()))
 897                                         throw new InvalidCastException (String.Format ("Type '{0}' cannot be converted into '{1}'.", graphType.GetElementType (), elementType));
 898                         } else if (!contractType.IsInterface) {
 899                                 if (GetAttribute<SerializableAttribute> (contractType) == null)
 900                                         return false;
 901
 902                                 var graphElementType = GetCollectionElementType (graphType);
 903                                 if (elementType != graphElementType)
 904                                         return false;
 905
 906                                 if (!IsCustomCollectionType (contractType, elementType))
 907                                         return false;
 908                         } else if (type.Equals (typeof (IEnumerable)) || type.Equals (typeof (IList)) ||
 909                                    type.Equals (typeof (ICollection))) {
 910                                 if (!graphType.ImplementsInterface (contractType))
 911                                         return false;
 912                         } else if (type.Equals (typeof (IEnumerable<>)) || type.Equals (typeof (IList<>)) ||
 913                                    type.Equals (typeof (ICollection<>))) {
 914                                 var graphElementType = GetCollectionElementType (graphType);
 915                                 if (graphElementType != elementType)
 916                                         throw new InvalidCastException (String.Format (
 917                                                 "Cannot convert type '{0}' into '{1}'.", graphType, contractType));
 918
 919                                 if (!graphType.ImplementsInterface (contractType))
 920                                         return false;
 921                         } else {
 922                                 return false;
 923                         }
 924
 925                         collectionQName = GetCollectionQName (elementType);
 926                         return true;
 927                 }
 928
 929                 static bool ImplementsInterface (Type type, Type iface)
 930                 {
 931                         foreach (var i in type.GetInterfacesOrSelfInterface ())
 932                                 if (iface == i)
 933                                         return true;
 934
 935                         return false;
 936                 }
 937
 938
 939                 static bool TypeImplementsIEnumerable (Type type)
 940                 {
 941                         foreach (var iface in type.GetInterfacesOrSelfInterface ())
 942                                 if (iface == typeof (IEnumerable) || (iface.IsGenericType && iface.GetGenericTypeDefinition () == typeof (IEnumerable<>)))
 943                                         return true;
 944
 945                         return false;
 946                 }
 947
 948                 static bool TypeImplementsIDictionary (Type type)
 949                 {
 950                         foreach (var iface in type.GetInterfacesOrSelfInterface ())
 951                                 if (iface == typeof (IDictionary) || (iface.IsGenericType && iface.GetGenericTypeDefinition () == typeof (IDictionary<,>)))
 952                                         return true;
 953
 954                         return false;
 955                 }
 956
 957                 // it also supports contract-based dictionary.
 958                 private DictionaryTypeMap RegisterDictionary (Type type)
 959                 {
 960                         if (!TypeImplementsIDictionary (type))
 961                                 return null;
 962
 963                         var cdca = GetAttribute<CollectionDataContractAttribute> (type);
 964
 965                         DictionaryTypeMap ret =
 966                                 new DictionaryTypeMap (type, cdca, this);
 967
 968                         TryRegister (ret.KeyType);
 969                         TryRegister (ret.ValueType);
 970
 971                         var map = FindUserMap (ret.XmlName, type);
 972                         if (map != null) {
 973                                 var dmap = map as DictionaryTypeMap;
 974                                 if (dmap == null) // The runtime type may still differ (between array and other IList; see bug #670560)
 975                                         throw new InvalidOperationException (String.Format ("Failed to add type {0} to known type collection. There already is a registered type for XML name {1}", type, ret.XmlName));
 976                         }
 977                         contracts.Add (ret);
 978
 979                         return ret;
 980                 }
 981
 982                 private SerializationMap RegisterSerializable (Type type)
 983                 {
 984                         QName qname = GetSerializableQName (type);
 985
 986                         if (FindUserMap (qname, type) != null)
 987                                 throw new InvalidOperationException (String.Format ("There is already a registered type for XML name {0}", qname));
 988
 989                         SharedTypeMap ret = new SharedTypeMap (type, qname, this);
 990                         contracts.Add (ret);
 991                         ret.Initialize ();
 992                         return ret;
 993                 }
 994
 995                 private SerializationMap RegisterIXmlSerializable (Type type)
 996                 {
 997                         if (type.GetInterface ("System.Xml.Serialization.IXmlSerializable") == null)
 998                                 return null;
 999
1000                         QName qname = GetSerializableQName (type);
1001
1002                         if (FindUserMap (qname, type) != null)
1003                                 throw new InvalidOperationException (String.Format ("There is already a registered type for XML name {0}", qname));
1004
1005                         XmlSerializableMap ret = new XmlSerializableMap (type, qname, this);
1006                         contracts.Add (ret);
1007
1008                         return ret;
1009                 }
1010
1011                 void CheckStandardQName (QName qname)
1012                 {
1013                         switch (qname.Namespace) {
1014                         case XmlSchema.Namespace:
1015                         case XmlSchema.InstanceNamespace:
1016                         case MSSimpleNamespace:
1017                         case MSArraysNamespace:
1018                                 throw new InvalidOperationException (String.Format ("Namespace {0} is reserved and cannot be used for user serialization", qname.Namespace));
1019                         }
1020
1021                 }
1022
1023                 private SharedContractMap RegisterContract (Type type)
1024                 {
1025                         QName qname = GetContractQName (type);
1026                         if (qname == null)
1027                                 return null;
1028                         CheckStandardQName (qname);
1029                         if (FindUserMap (qname, type) != null)
1030                                 throw new InvalidOperationException (String.Format ("There is already a registered type for XML name {0}", qname));
1031
1032                         SharedContractMap ret = new SharedContractMap (type, qname, this);
1033                         contracts.Add (ret);
1034                         ret.Initialize ();
1035
1036                         if (type.BaseType != typeof (object)) {
1037                                 TryRegister (type.BaseType);
1038                                 if (!FindUserMap (type.BaseType).IsContractAllowedType)
1039                                         throw new InvalidDataContractException (String.Format ("To be serializable by data contract, type '{0}' cannot inherit from non-contract and non-Serializable type '{1}'", type, type.BaseType));
1040                         }
1041
1042                         object [] attrs = type.GetCustomAttributes (typeof (KnownTypeAttribute), true);
1043                         for (int i = 0; i < attrs.Length; i++) {
1044                                 KnownTypeAttribute kt = (KnownTypeAttribute) attrs [i];
1045                                 foreach (var t in kt.GetTypes (type))
1046                                         TryRegister (t);
1047                         }
1048
1049                         return ret;
1050                 }
1051
1052                 DefaultTypeMap RegisterDefaultTypeMap (Type type)
1053                 {
1054                         DefaultTypeMap ret = new DefaultTypeMap (type, this);
1055                         contracts.Add (ret);
1056                         ret.Initialize ();
1057                         return ret;
1058                 }
1059
1060                 private EnumMap RegisterEnum (Type type)
1061                 {
1062                         QName qname = GetEnumQName (type);
1063                         if (qname == null)
1064                                 return null;
1065
1066                         if (FindUserMap (qname, type) != null)
1067                                 throw new InvalidOperationException (String.Format ("There is already a registered type for XML name {0}", qname));
1068
1069                         EnumMap ret =
1070                                 new EnumMap (type, qname, this);
1071                         contracts.Add (ret);
1072                         return ret;
1073                 }
1074         }
1075 }
1076 #endif